CN106817945B - Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang - Google Patents

Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106817945B
CN106817945B CN201710098773.1A CN201710098773A CN106817945B CN 106817945 B CN106817945 B CN 106817945B CN 201710098773 A CN201710098773 A CN 201710098773A CN 106817945 B CN106817945 B CN 106817945B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
salt
soil
months
days
leveling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710098773.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN106817945A (en
Inventor
田立文
阿里甫·艾尔西
孔杰
徐志武
崔建平
郭仁松
徐海江
林涛
刘志清
张鹏忠
朱斌
张娜
娄善伟
李金枫
戴路
牛新霞
王俊
秦刚
欧洲
马腾飞
王永刚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Awat Agricultural Academy Of Sciences Fengyuan Technology Co ltd
Xinjiang Youngor Agricultural Technology Co ltd
INSTITUTE OF CASH CROPS XINJIANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Original Assignee
Awat Agricultural Academy Of Sciences Fengyuan Technology Co ltd
Xinjiang Youngor Agricultural Technology Co ltd
INSTITUTE OF CASH CROPS XINJIANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Awat Agricultural Academy Of Sciences Fengyuan Technology Co ltd, Xinjiang Youngor Agricultural Technology Co ltd, INSTITUTE OF CASH CROPS XINJIANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES filed Critical Awat Agricultural Academy Of Sciences Fengyuan Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN201710098773.1A priority Critical patent/CN106817945B/en
Publication of CN106817945A publication Critical patent/CN106817945A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106817945B publication Critical patent/CN106817945B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B13/00Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for rapidly changing a desert into a fine field around a water source area of oasis in southern Xinjiang, which comprises the steps of selecting a desert area to be modified, constructing irrigation and drainage channels, roughly flattening and finely flattening, turning over and solarizing in an ultra-deep way, irrigating and washing saline and alkaline, planting salt-resistant plants, turning over in a deep way again, planting a grain or cotton crop variety with relatively strong salt resistance when the salt content of soil in a cultivated layer is 2.5-8.7g/kg, and continuing to plant the salt-resistant plants when the salt content of the soil is 8.8-13.8 g/kg: when the transformation area is small and the investment is low, wild lycium ruthenicum, sea buckthorn, sophora alopecuroides, liquorice, populus diversifolia, small bell thorn, apocynum venetum, Calligonum mongolicum, haloxylon ammodendron, tamarix chinensis, alhagi sparsifolia or reed are selected for reclamation, or an area with low soil salt content is selected for reclamation. The results show that: after the method is used, the average seed cotton yield of the cotton is 289.1 kg/mu, the average corn yield is 899.3 kg/mu, and the average yield is basically equal to the average yield per unit of the surrounding normal year, so that the method has the effect of quickly changing the field in desert.

Description

Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for rapidly changing fertile farmland in desert around a water source area of oasis in southern Xinjiang.
Background
Although southern Xinjiang has abundant land resources, due to the severe arid desert environment, the southern Xinjiang has rare vegetation, frequent wind and sand, uneven water resource distribution and frequent natural disasters, and further has the situation that the land is desertified and salinized in a large area and is difficult to be utilized. Reports about 87 km of land area desertified in southern Xinjiang at present230 percent of the total area of the national desertification land, 60.4 percent of the area of the brand new ARUM and 75 percent of the total area of the southern ARUM, wherein the area of the southern ARUM is up to 43 km2The soil composition occupies 38 percent of the total area of the southern Xinjiang land, the utilization rate of the southern Xinjiang land is only 17.1 percent, the cultivation rate is only 1.9 percent, and soil components formed by the original ecological environment mainly comprise fine sand, the soil formation process of soil organisms is weak, organic matters are poor, surface substances are easy to corrode by wind, the fertility is low, and a lot of agricultural experts have considered that the soil composition is not suitable for large-scale agricultural production and operation. The fact proves that the ecological environment of southern Xinjiang is quite severe, the relationship between desert and oasis is that the relation of 'you move in and go out', and the key is how to transform and control the southern Xinjiang desert to make the desert become an extremely mobile oasis.
Desert is a natural product, and people cannot radically cure desert, but 'consequent, improvement of land selection and time selection' makes local artificial benefits impossible. Through the networking of desert forests, land planning and leveling, natural snow water and locally abundant underground water are fully utilized, reasonable desert development is realized, field improvement is achieved, and therefore the problem of serving local economic development is faced by human beings.
Because the land development has the characteristics of high investment, slow income, large risk and strong unpredictability, developers usually only consider the pre-ocular benefits and are reluctant to carry out 'long-line' investment; secondly, most land developers in reality have low own scientific culture quality, so that the existing desert land cannot be scientifically utilized, and in addition, since a long time ago, China lacks targeted research work in the process of desert development and utilization, so that the existing desert-to-improved land mode is simple, lagged, without systematicness and foresight, for example, the eastern red 55 old-style track bulldozer or even a manual operation mode is adopted, the technology in the process of transformation lacks standardization, an unreasonable irrigation salt washing mode is adopted, comprehensive ecological environment protection is neglected, the phenomena of predatory development and utilization of land resources such as excessive land, excessive felling, excessive grazing and the like occur in some places, the consequences are that land desertification, water and soil loss, grassland desertification and abandoned land cultivation are more serious, and particularly, the phenomena of secondary development of degraded land or planting bases with poor early improvement effects exist in reality, not only causes the investment of manpower, material resources, financial resources and the like in the early stage, including the waste of water and soil resource investment and the damage of the ecological environment of a cotton area, but also causes the improvement of the desert into the high-standard fertile farmland period extension, thereby delaying the development opportunity.
Through field investigation of similar areas at home and abroad, experts generally consider that: compared with the ecological environment of southern Xinjiang in other desert regions of the world, including the agricultural natural ecological environment of peripheral countries such as Hasakstein, Girgistan, Targistan, Pakistan, India and the like which are bordered in southern Xinjiang, the ecological environment of southern Xinjiang has obviously poorer environmental conditions of resources, low development value and large risk. At present, no example of successful large-area water and soil development similar to the southern Xinjiang ecological environment area exists abroad.
According to the method, through selecting a desert area to be improved, building irrigation and drainage channels, roughly flattening and finely flattening, turning over and exposing to the sun deeply, washing with saline and alkaline in winter, planting two crops of oil sunflower, corn, beet or other green manure plants with strong salt resistance in one year, selecting and planting grains or cotton crop varieties with relatively strong salt resistance, and performing fertile field management according to a high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency conventional management method of local corresponding crops, the desert around oasis in Xinjiang is reformed into a high-standard fertile field in 3-4 years, so that the purpose of realizing the high yield and high quality of grains and cotton in the field is facilitated, the income of farmers in south China is increased, and the effect of consolidating the national important grain and cotton base is exerted.
At present, the south China industry is quite laggard, the per capita cultivated land is 2.23 mu, most farmers only rely on land income to maintain life, however, agriculture is an absolutely leading industry in the area, the income of farmers is single, so that up to 217.24 million of 698.93 million people in the area are the rural poverty-relieving objects, the per capita cultivated land area is increased, a foundation is laid for large-scale and mechanized agricultural production, the urgent need for promoting local agricultural development and solving the problem that the farmers are poverty-relieving and rich is solved, the development of the south China economic society is further promoted, the method is related to the realization of the new-stage south China poverty-relieving and strengthening target, the implementation of the strategy of 'Xinjiang and rich side' is related, the group of nations is maintained, the border defense is consolidated, the stability and the long-term safety of the Xinjiang society are realized, and the method has extremely special significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly changing a desert field around a southern Xinjiang oasis water source land, which comprises the steps of selecting a desert area to be reformed, constructing irrigation and drainage channels, roughly flattening and finely flattening, turning over and solarizing, irrigating and washing saline alkali, planting salt-resistant plants, turning over deeply, flattening and irrigating salt alkali in winter, selecting and planting grains or economic crop varieties with relatively strong salt resistance when the salt content of soil in a cultivated layer is 2.5-8.7g/kg, continuing planting the salt-resistant plants when the salt content of the soil is 8.8-13.8g/kg, and selecting areas with sequentially advanced types of wild lycium ruthenicum, sea buckthorn, sophora alopecuroides, liquorice, populus euphorbia, burreed thorns, apocynum venetum, zizyphus jujuba, haloxylon ammodendron, Chinese tamarisk, vegetative trees, reed spurs, reed and the like or selecting areas with low salt content for land reclamation under the conditions of small reforming area and low investment, the steps are completed, and the investigation result shows that: after the method is used, the average seed cotton yield of the cotton is 289.1 kg/mu, the average corn yield is 899.3 kg/mu, and the average yield is basically equal to the average yield per unit of the surrounding normal year, so that the method has the effect of quickly changing the field in desert.
The invention relates to a method for rapidly changing a fertile farmland in the desert around the water source land of oasis in southern Xinjiang, which comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a region: in the place with vegetation, the name of vegetation plant is definite, namely wild lycium ruthenicum, sea buckthorn, sophora alopecuroides, liquorice, populus diversifolia, small bell thorn, apocynum venetum, Calligonum mongolicum, haloxylon ammodendron, tamarisk, alhagi or reed, desert blocks containing 1-4 vegetation are selected, in the place without vegetation, blocks with the perennial average underground water level of 1.2-2.5m, light soil, sandy soil and loam are selected as the soil, and the salt content of 0-40cm soil layer is 6.5-22.6 g/kg;
b. building irrigation and drainage channels: building an irrigation ditch and a drainage ditch system matched with the fast fertile field before rough leveling and fine leveling of the land blocks selected in the step a, wherein the width of the upper opening of the irrigation ditch is 4.0-5.0m, the width of the lower opening is 0.8-1.2m, the depth is 1.0-1.5m, the width of the upper opening of the drainage ditch is 6.0-7.0m, the width of the lower opening is 1.3-1.7m, and the depth is 1.8-2.3 m;
c. rough flattening and fine flattening: taking the length of a single strip field of 800 plus one inch and the width of 110 plus one inch as the leveling standard of the same horizontal line, measuring elevation by using a total station, determining the position of +/-0 point before leveling, driving a horizontal pile, roughly leveling by using a 200 plus one 230 horsepower loader, ensuring that the area of each strip field after rough leveling is 180 mu, the height difference is +/-35-40 cm at the highest, the average is +/-27-30 cm, and finally finely leveling by using a laser leveler, wherein the height difference of the high point and the low point after fine leveling is +/-17-18 cm;
d. turning over in ultra-deep and sun-drying: turning over with a single share in 3-6 months, turning over with a deep plough with a depth of 65-80cm, and insolating for 3-5 months;
e. irrigating and washing saline and alkaline: irrigating saline and alkaline in the channel water from melting of mountain snow water in 10 months, 15 days to 11 months and 20 days in the current year for 2-3 times, wherein the interval between two times of irrigation is as follows: the next irrigation is carried out within 1-2 days before the critical soil exposure of the surface soil of the strip field is irrigated last time, and the first irrigation quantity is 250-320m3Per mu, the second time is 160-3150-3560-3Ensuring the total water holding time of 55-78 days per mu;
f. planting salt-resistant plants: planting two crops of salt-tolerant plants in one year, wherein the plants select oil sunflower, beet or corn varieties with strong salt tolerance, specifically, after the saline-alkali is washed in winter, naturally washing, airing, planting a first crop of salt-tolerant plants in 20 days from 3 months to 4 months in the next year, deeply burying the first crop of salt-tolerant plants in the ground in 5 to 20 days from 6 months, burying the soil at a depth of 25 to 30cm, immediately irrigating for pressing alkali after the soil is buried, and planting a second crop of salt-tolerant plants when the soil moisture is moderate;
g. deeply turning, leveling the ground and irrigating, deeply turning and burying a second crop of salt-resistant plants planted in the current year into the ground in 5-15 days in 11 months in the current year, and leveling by using a forklift and a laser leveler to ensure that the highest fall of high and low points is not more than +/-15 cm; irrigating with channel water from melting of mountain snow water for the second time at 25-12 months and 5 days at 11 months to wash saline and alkaline, wherein the water consumption is 210- & lt 300 & gt3Per mu;
h. after irrigating and washing saline and alkaline, when the salt content of the soil of the plough layer is 2.5-8.7g/kg, selecting and planting local main cultivated varieties of grain or cotton crops, and performing other field management according to a conventional management method of local corresponding crops.
And e, after the saline-alkali soil is irrigated and washed twice in the step e, the salt content of a 0-40cm soil layer is lower than 13.8g/kg, and the third irrigation is not carried out.
And f, planting the salt-tolerant plants in the step f, wherein one crop of the salt-tolerant plants is a premature variety which lasts for 50-65 days from the seedling emergence stage to the initial flowering stage, the other crop of the salt-tolerant plants is a medium-late variety which lasts for 65-75 days, the growth period of the salt-tolerant plants is 1-3 days before and after the initial flowering stage when the salt-tolerant plants are turned over and pressed, and different plants are selected for two continuous crops.
And (e) after irrigating and washing the saline and alkaline soil in the step h, continuing to plant salt-resistant plants according to the step f and the step g when the salt content of the soil is still 8.8-13.8g/kg, and selecting and planting local main cultivars of grain or cotton crops when the salt content index of the soil is 2.5-8.7 g/kg.
According to the method for rapidly changing the desert around the water source land of the southern Xinjiang oasis, when the transformation area is small and the investment is low, the area with the vegetation type sequence close to the front is selected for reclamation, or the area with the low salt content of the soil is selected for reclamation, and meanwhile, the land block close to the water source is selected, so that the irrigation is convenient; when the irrigation ditch and the drainage ditch are built, the depth of the ditch is calculated from +/-0 point of planning, the progress of the built irrigation ditch and drainage ditch project cannot influence the normal operation of rough leveling and fine leveling, and meanwhile, the timely irrigation and drainage irrigation of the land to be improved are ensured.
Detailed Description
Examples
In 2011, in a southeast desert area of Jiu-Tutai Harvest cotton industry Limited company in African, Xinjiang, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the area of a planned area of the desert rapidly-changed fertile field is 6500 mu, the central position of the planned area is positioned at N40 degrees 27 '64.70 degrees in the north latitude, and E80 degrees 44' 38.17 degrees in the east longitude; before the implementation of the invention, the desert is natural, is located at the north edge of Takrama dry desert, is a typical desert region in southern Xinjiang oasis, and the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:
because the natural vegetation is usually non-single vegetation but is formed by mixedly growing a plurality of vegetation with similar salt tolerance and drought tolerance, the names and the areas of the desert vegetation at the place of the embodiment are shown in table 1, 7 vegetation types are provided, and the fast field-changing method of the desert of the same vegetation type is consistent;
investigating the salt content of 0-40cm soil in a planned area on 5-10 days at 3 months and 3 months in 2011, specifically, sampling 10-20 points every 130-180 mu according to a planned measuring method, measuring the salt content of a soil sample, and testing the salt content of the soil sample by the salt content measuring method according to a method provided by the forestry industry standard LY/T1251-199 of the people's republic of China, so that the salt content of 0-40cm soil in each field is obtained, and the method is specifically shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 name and area of desert vegetation in the location
Figure BDA0001231048870000041
Confirming again that the desert area to be reclaimed is 6180 mu in 2011, 3, 10, 4, 15, establishing an upper opening of a ditch of a reclaimed area, 1.5m of a lower opening, 2.0m of depth, 35.7k m of total length, 4.5m of an upper opening of a main irrigation ditch, 1.0m of a lower opening, 1.2m of depth and 3250m of total length, measuring elevation by using an RTS112S type total station produced by Suzhou Yiguan instrument Limited company, determining the +/-0 point position before leveling, and when constructing the irrigation ditch and the ditch, the depth of the channel is calculated from a planning plus or minus 0 point, and the constructed irrigation and drainage projects can not damage the roads of a loader and an American laser grader and can not influence the normal operation of rough leveling and fine leveling, meanwhile, timely irrigation and drainage irrigation of the land to be improved are ensured, and the matched bridges, culverts, roads and gates are built by temporary facilities (the temporary facilities are built again by fixed standardized facilities after 2 to 3 years);
determining the length of each field to be 800-1000m and the width to be 110-120m at 1-5-5.2011, measuring the elevation by using an RTS112S type total station manufactured by Suzhou light instrument Limited, marking the +/-0 point position before leveling, drilling a horizontal pile, roughly leveling by using 5 dragons LG855B loaders manufactured by 5 Hailongjie mechanical Limited, and having a standard bucket capacity of 2.8m3The rated load capacity is 5000kg, the rated power is 162kw, the highest height difference of 180 mu of land after rough leveling is ensured to be +/-35 cm, the average height difference is +/-27 cm, finally, the American laser leveling machine is used for fine leveling, and the highest height difference of the high point and the low point after fine leveling is +/-17 cm;
in 2011, 5 months and 6 days to 5 months and 15 days, a suspended single-furrow turnover deep ploughing plow developed by 12 groups of farmers of Xinjiang production and construction groups is used for deep ploughing operation of cotton fields, a 225-horsepower John Dier 8330 wheeled tractor is used as power, the deep ploughing depth is 70cm, the deep ploughing plow is exposed to 10 months and 15 days after ultra-deep ploughing, the saline and alkaline are washed by continuously irrigating the molten channel water from the high mountain snow water in 10 months and 15-11 months and 5 days, the average first irrigation quantity is 290m3Per mu, the average secondary irrigation quantity is 220m3Sampling 0-40cm soil layer in each field, taking 3-5 points in each field, wherein the salt content of 8 fields exceeds 13.8g/kg, performing third irrigation, and the average third irrigation amount is 190m3The third irrigation is not carried out in other strip fields per mu, and the average total water consumption is 510-700m3Per mu, ensuring the total water holding time in the field to be 70 days;
after winter salt leaching alkali is finished, natural leaching and air drying are carried out, oil sunflower is selected as a first-crop salt-resistant plant in 3-20-3-28 days in 2012, the variety of the oil sunflower is a second-generation hybrid seed of Xinkuai No. 5, and the variety is an early-maturing oil sunflower variety; the variety enters the initial flowering stage at 6 months and 2 days in the year, and is deeply buried into the ground by using a 3-furrow deep-turning plow produced by Ackshire Sujincheng mechanical equipment Limited company with the depth of 25-30cm, and immediately irrigated (the water consumption is 100 plus materials and 130m plus materials)3After pressing alkali for one mu, planting the second crop again until the soil moisture content is moderateThe plants are selected to plant corns at this time, the variety is named as SC704, the variety is a middle-late maturing corn variety, the second crop of salt-resistant (salt-tolerant) plants, namely the corns, which are planted are deeply turned and buried in the ground on 5-10 days in 11 months in the year, and then a forklift and a laser grader are used for leveling, so that the highest fall of high and low points is controlled to be +/-15 cm; irrigation and washing of saline and alkaline with canal water from melting of mountain snow water in daily use of 25-12 months 3 at 11 months, average water consumption is 230m3Per mu;
after natural infiltration and air drying, measuring the salt content of the soil in 2013 from 4 months to 5 days to 4 months to 7 days, wherein the salt content of 4 strip fields is 2.5 to 8.7g/kg, the salt content of other strip fields is 8.8 to 13.8g/kg, and the salt content of the strip fields is 2.5 to 8.7g/kg, carrying out normal agricultural production activities, selecting cotton and corn crops planted in the same field, wherein the names of the cotton and the corn varieties are Xinhai 36 and Zhengdan 958 respectively, and other management in the field is carried out by referring to a conventional management method with high yield, high quality and high efficiency of local cotton and corn respectively;
and (3) irrigating winter water normally according to fertile farmlands in 2013, measuring the salt content of soil in 5 days of 3 months to 4 months in 2014, wherein the salt content of all strip farmlands is 2.5 to 8.7g/kg, the soil in which the corn and the cotton are planted in the last year is subjected to crop inversion in the current year, 30 percent of corn in other cotton fields and the rest of cotton are planted in the other cotton fields, the corn and the cotton varieties are respectively selected from Xinhai 24 and Zhengdan 958, and the yield of the cotton and the corn fields is respectively measured in 25 days of 8 months to 9 months in 2014, and the results are shown in Table 2:
table 2: in 2014, cotton and corn fields represent spot measurement yield results (unit: kg/mu)
Figure BDA0001231048870000051
Table 2 the results show that: compared with the average yield of the peripheral normal year, the yield of the cotton in the proposed desert quick-change fertile farmland is increased by 3.5 percent, the yield of the corn is reduced by 2.0 percent, and the desert quick-change fertile farmland is considered to be basically constant according to the comprehensive analysis of the agricultural production characteristics, so that the goal of changing the desert into the fertile farmland in 3 to 4 years can be achieved.

Claims (1)

1. A method for rapidly changing a fertile farmland in the desert around the water source land of oasis in southern Xinjiang, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. selecting a region: in the place with vegetation, the name of vegetation plant is definite, namely wild lycium ruthenicum, sea buckthorn, sophora alopecuroides, liquorice, populus diversifolia, small bell thorn, apocynum venetum, Calligonum mongolicum, haloxylon ammodendron, tamarisk, alhagi or reed, desert blocks containing 1-4 vegetation are selected, in the place without vegetation, blocks with the perennial average underground water level of 1.2-2.5m, light soil, sandy soil and loam are selected as the soil, and the salt content of 0-40cm soil layer is 6.5-22.6 g/kg;
b. building irrigation and drainage channels: building an irrigation ditch and a drainage ditch system matched with the fast fertile field before rough leveling and fine leveling of the land blocks selected in the step a, wherein the width of the upper opening of the irrigation ditch is 4.0-5.0m, the width of the lower opening is 0.8-1.2m, the depth is 1.0-1.5m, the width of the upper opening of the drainage ditch is 6.0-7.0m, the width of the lower opening is 1.3-1.7m, and the depth is 1.8-2.3 m;
c. rough flattening and fine flattening: taking the length of a single strip field of 800 plus one inch and the width of 110 plus one inch as the leveling standard of the same horizontal line, measuring elevation by using a total station, determining the position of +/-0 point before leveling, driving a horizontal pile, roughly leveling by using a 200 plus one 230 horsepower loader, ensuring that the area of each strip field after rough leveling is 180 mu, the height difference is +/-35-40 cm at the highest, the average is +/-27-30 cm, and finally finely leveling by using a laser leveler, wherein the height difference of the high point and the low point after fine leveling is +/-17-18 cm;
d. turning over in ultra-deep and sun-drying: turning over with a single share in 3-6 months, turning over with a deep plough with a depth of 65-80cm, and insolating for 3-5 months;
e. irrigating and washing saline and alkaline: irrigating saline and alkaline in the channel water from melting of mountain snow water in 10 months, 15 days to 11 months and 20 days in the current year for 2-3 times, wherein the interval between two times of irrigation is as follows: the next irrigation is carried out within 1-2 days before the critical soil exposure of the surface soil of the strip field is irrigated last time, and the first irrigation quantity is 250-320m3Per mu, the second time is 160-3150-3560-3Ensuring that the total water holding time of the field is 55-78 days per mu, wherein after two times of irrigation and saline-alkali washing, the salt content of a 0-40cm soil layer is lower than 13.8g/kg, and the third time of irrigation is not carried out;
f. planting salt-resistant plants: planting two crops of salt-tolerant plants in one year, wherein the plants select oil sunflower, beet or corn varieties with strong salt tolerance, specifically, after the saline-alkali is washed in winter, naturally washing, airing, planting a first crop of salt-tolerant plants in 20 days from 3 months to 4 months in the next year, deeply burying the first crop of salt-tolerant plants in the ground in the period of 5 to 20 days from 6 months, burying the soil at a depth of 25 to 30cm, immediately irrigating and pressing alkali after burying, planting a second crop of salt-tolerant plants when the soil moisture content is moderate, wherein the planted salt-tolerant plants, the early-maturing variety of the salt-tolerant plants planted in one crop is 50 to 65 days from the emergence stage to the initial flowering stage, the middle-late-maturing variety of the salt-tolerant plants in the other crop is 65 to 75 days, the growth stage of the salt-tolerant plants is 1 to 3 days before and after the flowering stage, and the non-homogeneous plants are continuously selected in the two crops;
g. deeply turning, leveling the ground and irrigating, deeply turning and burying the second crop of the salt-resistant plants planted in 5-15 days after 11 months, and leveling by using a forklift and a laser grader to ensure that the highest fall of high and low points is not more than +/-15 cm; irrigating with channel water from melting of mountain snow water for the second time at 25-12 months and 5 days at 11 months to wash saline and alkaline, wherein the water consumption is 210- & lt 300 & gt3Per mu;
h. after irrigating and washing saline and alkaline, when the salt content of the soil in the plough layer is 2.5-8.7g/kg, the main cultivated variety of the local grain or cotton crop is selected to be planted, after irrigating and washing saline and alkaline, the salt content of the soil is still 8.8-13.8g/kg, the step f and the step g are continued to be referred to, the salt-resistant plant is planted, when the salt content index of the soil is 2.5-8.7g/kg, the main cultivated variety of the local grain or cotton crop is selected to be planted, and other field management is carried out according to the conventional management method of the corresponding local crop.
CN201710098773.1A 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang Active CN106817945B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710098773.1A CN106817945B (en) 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710098773.1A CN106817945B (en) 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106817945A CN106817945A (en) 2017-06-13
CN106817945B true CN106817945B (en) 2020-04-24

Family

ID=59134009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710098773.1A Active CN106817945B (en) 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106817945B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108077008B (en) * 2017-12-13 2019-08-06 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 A kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth
CN112237069A (en) * 2020-10-26 2021-01-19 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for transforming soda saline-alkali land waste fishpond into cattail wetland
CN113994785B (en) * 2021-11-01 2023-05-26 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Method for transforming desert soil by simulating natural geological process of saline-alkali generation in arid region

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102197726A (en) * 2011-06-03 2011-09-28 兰州大学 Method for improving seriously saline-alkali land of oasis area and planting high-quality lawn
RU2010145195A (en) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "УФИМСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ НЕФТЯНОЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УН METHOD FOR RECULTIVATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED BY MINERALIZED WATERS
CN103891449A (en) * 2014-03-25 2014-07-02 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland
WO2014171912A1 (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-23 Samoilenko Lurii N Method for restoration and increase of soil fertility, in particular on desert or semi-desert crop areas
CN104472049A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-04-01 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 Method for quickly improving inland severe saline-alkaline wasteland

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2010145195A (en) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "УФИМСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ НЕФТЯНОЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УН METHOD FOR RECULTIVATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED BY MINERALIZED WATERS
CN102197726A (en) * 2011-06-03 2011-09-28 兰州大学 Method for improving seriously saline-alkali land of oasis area and planting high-quality lawn
WO2014171912A1 (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-23 Samoilenko Lurii N Method for restoration and increase of soil fertility, in particular on desert or semi-desert crop areas
CN103891449A (en) * 2014-03-25 2014-07-02 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland
CN104472049A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-04-01 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 Method for quickly improving inland severe saline-alkaline wasteland

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106817945A (en) 2017-06-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104472052B (en) A kind of engineering-chemical-biological-desalination water saving-information technology improvement saline land method
CN104012361B (en) A kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape
WO2015101295A1 (en) Water and soil conservation and ecological restoration method of high and steep, abandoned slag piles at high elevation with large temperature differential in dry, hot valley
CN109819746B (en) Ecological management and synergistic utilization method for water-saving fertilizer control of severe saline-alkali soil
CN104472293B (en) The high ridge cultivation that high yield and high quality kiwi fruit tree garden is set up
CN105519274A (en) Integration method of large-scale coastal newly reclaimed beach agricultural land ecologicalization exploitation
CN109757146B (en) Method for ecological greening of seaside saline-alkali sand land by utilizing salt-tolerant plants
CN108476648A (en) A kind of method and system of rock coast Difficult site revegetation
CN106688357A (en) Iron mine waste land vegetation recovery method
CN104737735B (en) Method for ecological afforestation of coastal saline-alkali areas by means of original soil cultivation
CN105210770B (en) Dust storm forward position Desert Regions sacsaoul Ecology method of forestation
CN101292619B (en) Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields
CN106817945B (en) Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang
CN115049302A (en) Method for establishing ecological restoration system of production and construction project in dry and hot valley region
CN102742432B (en) Method for no-tillage plantation of grassland in water-level-fluctuating zone
Ahmed Agroforestry: a viable land use of alkali soils
DE102023130746A1 (en) A method for restoring vegetation in a high-altitude region for hydropower development
CN113196906A (en) In-situ quick curing method for raw soil
Densmore et al. Planting willow for moose habitat restoration on the North Slope of Alaska, USA
CN104488396A (en) Interplanting and reclamation method of agro-fruits in dump of open pit coal mine in arid area
CN109056757B (en) Ecological stabilization treatment method for river and lake sedimentary facies side slope
CN108551953B (en) Method for inoculating cistanche salsa to atriplex canescens
CN115989774A (en) Ecological restoration method for coal gangue slag mountain in arid region
CN116114546A (en) Water and soil conservation and re-greening method for alpine region
CN105660312B (en) A kind of method for planting of beach saline land Mongolian oak

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant