CN108077008B - A kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth - Google Patents
A kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN108077008B CN108077008B CN201711327778.3A CN201711327778A CN108077008B CN 108077008 B CN108077008 B CN 108077008B CN 201711327778 A CN201711327778 A CN 201711327778A CN 108077008 B CN108077008 B CN 108077008B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of guard methods of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth; this method is completed by site preparation, ditching, field management step; research shows that: wild jujube seedling interplanting cotton, wheat, peanut or corn; cooperate forest network inside farmland; with preferable checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand effect, survival rate of the wild jujube seedling under sporadic strong wind dust and sand weather is greatly improved.Wherein interplanting cotton checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand effect is best, and cotton drought-and salt-tolerance is strong, and mature cotton plant height is at 80 centimeters or so, when cotton planting is apart from about 30 centimeters of jujube or so, it not will form strong shading, influence the photosynthetic growth of jujube seedling, withered be left to after second year in cotton place still has stronger sand-proof effect.Moreover, plant cotton can also generate certain economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth, the popularization of the technology and
It is protected using technology will be provided for the Reasonable Protection of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position ecological protection species and ecological economy species seedling
Barrier.To provide technological approaches for the vegetation repair of arid biogeographic zone and ecological construction.
Background technique
The harmonious development of district oasis ecological industry is the importance and regional society of oasis sustainable development
The important component of economic development.Red dates industry is the pillar industry of current district oasis ecological industry.It is green in arid biogeographic zone
It plays an important role in the construction of the economical ecological protective screen of continent periphery.It is general but for the jujube seedling of early stage
Store-through is the problems such as survival rate is low, storage rate is low, growth is weak.How the jujube seedling of these early growths is protected,
It is the key that guarantee that the economical ecological protective screen in oasis periphery normally plays safeguard function.Therefore, exploring and establish can be commonly used
The guard method of (especially can be suitably used for the economical ecological protective screen composition species of district oasis periphery) seems most important.
The economic forest seedling (jujube, walnut etc.) of newly-ploughed plant is distributed in the oasis periphery of southern Tarim Basin.These
Economic forest is the important species for constituting the local economy type ecological protective screen, is played in terms of the output of ecological benefits and economic benefit
Important role.Hotan jujube has won fame both at home and abroad.But due to hazards of sand storms, atmospheric drought etc., Tarim Basin basin at present
Phenomena such as survival rate and storage rate of the jujube seedling of the nearly periphery in the ground oasis Nan Yuan are all very low, growth decays.Therefore, jujube is carried out
The protection of seeding previous vigor can not only develop for region red dates industry and provide good nursery stock resource, but also will be building arid
The Optimizing Mode of the economical ecological protective screen in area, periphery, oasis provides technical method.The technological achievement will for southern Tarim Basin or
The early protection of the economical ecological protective screen composition species of other conditions zone similarity provides technological approaches.Therefore, have important
Application value.
Southern Tarim Basin is the famous Extremely arid area in China and place threatened by wind and sand.It is characterized in that: sandstorm frequency
It is numerous, annual mean wind speed 1.9m/s.Since the granularmetric composition of sand material is partially thin, under the wind friction velocity greater than 4m/s, sand can be played.
Annual number of days of the wind speed greater than 4m/s was at 90 days or more.Spring, summer more strong wind weathers, annual eight grades or more strong wind 3-9 times.For many years
Average precipitation 35.1mm, year evaporation capacity reach 2595.3mm, aridity 20.8.Under such extreme environmental conditions, it builds
The economical ecological protective screen that economical species configuration is reasonable, plant percent and storage rate are high just seems most important.This technology
Achievement tries to explore Arid Sandy Areas oasis based on the Reasonable Protection measure to existing economical species jujube early stage growth of seedling
The comprehensive protecting technology of forward position plant seedling growth.
Southwest Margin of Tarim Basin jujube cultivated area is wider, and red dates industry is quickly grown, and has driven local economy
Development.Local jujube plantation mostly carries out in a manner of grafting jujube by wild jujube drilling or transplanting, after 1 year.But wild jujube seedling
After (grafting jujube after strain) drilling, under strong wind dust and sand weather blade tend to be hit down or formed it is water deficient here wither, shadow
Ring surviving and growing for seedling.Under conditions of comprehensively considering save the cost and benefit output, research shows that wild jujube seedling field covers
Kind cotton, wheat, peanut or corn, cooperation farmland inside forest network, have preferable checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand effect, wild jujube seedling is in idol
Survival rate under hair property strong wind dust and sand weather greatly improves.Wherein interplanting cotton checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand effect is best, and cotton salt tolerant is drought-enduring
Property is strong, and mature cotton plant height when cotton planting is apart from about 30 centimeters of jujube or so, not will form strong shading at 80 centimeters or so,
The photosynthetic growth of jujube seedling is influenced, withered be left to after second year in cotton place still has stronger sand-proof effect.Moreover, plant cotton
Certain economic benefit can be generated.
Different in moisture assimilated equations and growth phase based on bio-diversity and plant pass through plant-crop phase interworking
It sets to improve the survival rate and survival rate of seedlings of (dust storm forward position) economic plants, to realize holding for the peripheral economical ecology screen in oasis
It is continuous to manage.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth, the party
Method be by site preparation, ditching, field management step complete, research shows that: wild jujube seedling interplanting cotton, wheat, peanut or jade
Rice, cooperation farmland inside forest network, have preferable checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand effect, wild jujube seedling under sporadic strong wind dust and sand weather at
Motility rate greatly improves.Wherein interplanting cotton checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand effect is best, and cotton drought-and salt-tolerance is strong, and mature cotton plant height is in 80 public affairs
Point or so, when cotton planting is apart from about 30 centimeters of jujube or so, it not will form strong shading, influence the photosynthetic growth of jujube seedling, cotton
Flower withered be left to after second year in place still has stronger sand-proof effect.Moreover, plant cotton can also generate certain economic benefit.
A kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position of the present invention plant seedling growth, follow these steps into
Row:
A, site preparation: selection wild jujube field is set as wide 120m × long 300m by prevailing wind direction, anti-in every piece of wild jujube field surrounding setting
Four row of forest belt Xinjiang poplar, line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m, and drip irrigation zone is set, line-spacing 85cm；
B, in wild jujube Tanaka's ditching drilling, wild jujube Planting Row Distance is 170cm, depth 3-4cm；Two row of drilling between wild jujube Tanaka
Cotton, cotton line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, seed broadcast after with covering with ground sheeting and timely water supply；
C, field management: sowing a few days ago keeps the daily trickle irrigation that continues to relax the watering period after seedling emergence is neat,
After seedling, trickle irrigation is primary within 5-7 days, and single is irrigated 12 hours, until stop trickle irrigation by the end of November, after First Year cotton manually harvests, place
It is withered to be left to second year mid-July, it carries out agricultural machinery and turns over weeding and top dressing, start to sieve seedling to 50cm to jujube seedling length, and transfer in spring
Jujube is connect, hay is covered around the jujube seedling and cotton seedling after then transplanting again, keeps soil moisture；
D, bagging is carried out to seedling stem after Xinjiang poplar seedling replanting or binds wire netting, prevent hare from gnawing；
E, it for jujube seedling, in culturing and transplanting seedlings, in kind of a planting ditch both sides ridging, is imitated using the mound ridge that aeolian sediments generate
It answers, so that the attachment region where seedbed keeps soil water content；
F, it using humic acid water-retaining agent, mixes, discharges in forest belt soil table with soil in 0.5% ratio before plantation is irrigated
Face, or the cultivation of biological breadcrust is carried out, by the exposed native table of biological breadcrust provenance artificial infection to forest belt, timely water supply is cultivated
With the numerous biological breadcrust of expansion, so that it is covered exposed native table, press 200kg/ mus of application farmers' sheep manures after cultivating 12-24 hours；
G, to soil depletion or saline and alkaline heavier new reclamation of wasteland bare area, by using the method for soil conditioner, getting fat water conservation
With dilute it is saline and alkaline, basic farmland soil modifying agent using turf, soft pin, vermiculite, natural zeolite, fertile soil, well-rotted farmyard manure,
Aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate are mixed for raw material.
A kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position of the present invention plant seedling growth uses in this method
Moisture holding agent of humic acid and soil conditioner be commercial product, wherein moisture holding agent of humic acid be the limited public affairs of Shandong China Weihe River bentonite
Take charge of drought resisting treasured potassium humate agricultural anti-drought water-retaining agent (the water-soluble 85-90%, total content of humic acid 55-65%, pH8- to produce
10), soil conditioner is the Sandy Soil modifying agent of Inner Mongol San Yan mining industry Co., Ltd.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that Xinjiang poplar of the present invention-cotton protects jujube seedling ideograph；
Fig. 2 is the present invention is in florescence jujube figure after 3 years；
Fig. 3 is the jujube figure that the present invention is in result early period；
Fig. 4 is the jujube figure that the present invention is in the result later period.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is applied in the Celei County of potentials in southern fringe of Taklamakan Desert, Hetian County, effect of having brought into normal play.
Embodiment 1
A, site preparation: selection wild jujube field is set as wide 120m × long 300m by prevailing wind direction, anti-in every piece of wild jujube field surrounding setting
Four row of forest belt Xinjiang poplar, line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m, and drip irrigation zone is set, line-spacing 85cm has applied base manure and has irrigated before sowing
Water, it is ensured that soil moisture content will centainly be got well, to guarantee demand of seed during germinateing and being unearthed to moisture；
B, in wild jujube Tanaka's ditching drilling, wild jujube Planting Row Distance is 170cm, depth 3cm；Two row cotton of drilling between wild jujube Tanaka
Flower, cotton line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, seed broadcast after with covering with ground sheeting and timely water supply；
C, field management: sowing a few days ago keeps continuing trickle irrigation daily, protects sufficient soil moisture content, running check field irrigation and
Soil water regime and emergence are relaxed the watering period after seedling emergence is neat, and after seedling, trickle irrigation is primary within 5 days, single
It irrigates 12 hours (equivalent single irrigates about 38 cubes per acre), until stop trickle irrigation by the end of November, after First Year cotton manually harvests, place
It is withered to be left to second year, moreover it is possible to play the role of sand-proof, second year mid-July, carry out agricultural machinery and turn over weeding and top dressing, to jujube seedling
It is long to start to sieve seedling to 50cm, and in spring grafting jujube, Southwest Margin of Tarim Basin dusty wind weather is frequent, therefore beats in transplanting sand
When the shorter and smaller plant of prosperous equal seedling, it is considered as the husky influence buried to seedling life, then around the jujube seedling and cotton seedling after transplanting
Hay is covered, the effect that sand prevention is buried can have both been played, also can be reduced evaporation from land, keeps soil moisture；
D, gnawing for hare is subject to after Xinjiang poplar seedling replanting, the main portions that hare gnaws are seedling stem base portions,
Bagging is carried out to seedling stem after Xinjiang poplar seedling replanting or binds wire netting, prevents hare from gnawing；
E, it for jujube seedling, in culturing and transplanting seedlings, in kind of a planting ditch both sides ridging, is imitated using the mound ridge that aeolian sediments generate
It answers, so that the attachment region holding soil water content where seedbed, the Litter Layer that in addition plant growth is formed in the ridge of mound,
Be conducive to improve soil environment；
F, by applying the method for water-retaining sand-stabilizing agent, the hardened degree of sandy soil topsoil, weather-proof energy on the one hand can be reinforced
Power enhancing, on the other hand can adsorb soil moisture, enhance the moisture holding capacity of soil, to ensure agricultural land soil sustainable use
And agricultural product security is mixed in 0.5% ratio with soil before plantation is irrigated using humic acid water-retaining agent, is discharged in forest belt soil
Surface, or the cultivation of biological breadcrust is carried out, by the exposed native table of biological breadcrust provenance artificial infection to forest belt, timely water supply, training
Numerous biological breadcrust is educated and expanded, so that it is covered exposed native table, presses 200kg/ mus of application farmers' sheep manures after cultivating 12 hours；
G, soil is realized by using the method for soil conditioner to soil depletion or saline and alkaline heavier new reclamation of wasteland bare area
It quick getting fat water conservation and dilutes saline and alkaline, and then achievees the purpose that keep a full stand of seedings, getting fat is retained and dilutes saline and alkaline, basic farmland soil modifying
Agent uses turf, soft pin, vermiculite, natural zeolite, fertile soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate for raw material
It is mixed.
Embodiment 2
A, site preparation: selection wild jujube field is set as wide 120m × long 300m by prevailing wind direction, anti-in every piece of wild jujube field surrounding setting
Four row of forest belt Xinjiang poplar, line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m, and drip irrigation zone is set, line-spacing 85cm has applied base manure and has irrigated before sowing
Water, it is ensured that soil moisture content will centainly be got well, to guarantee demand of seed during germinateing and being unearthed to moisture；
B, in wild jujube Tanaka's ditching drilling, wild jujube Planting Row Distance is 170cm, depth 4cm；Two row cotton of drilling between wild jujube Tanaka
Flower, cotton line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, seed broadcast after with covering with ground sheeting and timely water supply；
C, field management: sowing a few days ago keeps continuing trickle irrigation daily, protect sufficient soil moisture content, running check field irrigation
Relax the watering period after seedling emergence is neat with soil water regime and emergence, after seedling, trickle irrigation is primary within 7 days, single
It is secondary to irrigate 12 hours (equivalent single irrigates about 38 cubes per acre), until stop trickle irrigation by the end of November, after First Year cotton manually harvests,
Place is withered to be left to second year, moreover it is possible to play the role of sand-proof, second year mid-July, carry out agricultural machinery and turn over weeding and top dressing, to jujube
Miao Changzhi 50cm starts to sieve seedling, and in spring grafting jujube, Southwest Margin of Tarim Basin dusty wind weather is frequent, therefore husky in transplanting
When beating the shorter and smaller plant of prosperous equal seedling, it is considered as the husky influence buried to seedling life, then jujube seedling and cotton seedling week after transplanting
Covering hay is enclosed, the effect that sand prevention is buried can have both been played, also can be reduced evaporation from land, keeps soil moisture；
D, gnawing for hare is subject to after Xinjiang poplar seedling replanting, the main portions that hare gnaws are seedling stem base portions,
Bagging is carried out to seedling stem after Xinjiang poplar seedling replanting or binds wire netting, prevents hare from gnawing；
E, it for jujube seedling, in culturing and transplanting seedlings, in kind of a planting ditch both sides ridging, is imitated using the mound ridge that aeolian sediments generate
It answers, so that the attachment region holding soil water content where seedbed, the Litter Layer that in addition plant growth is formed in the ridge of mound,
Be conducive to improve soil environment；
F, by applying the method for water-retaining sand-stabilizing agent, the hardened degree of sandy soil topsoil, weather-proof energy on the one hand can be reinforced
Power enhancing, on the other hand can adsorb soil moisture, enhance the moisture holding capacity of soil, to ensure agricultural land soil sustainable use
And agricultural product security is mixed in 0.5% ratio with soil before plantation is irrigated using humic acid water-retaining agent, is discharged in forest belt soil
Surface, or the cultivation of biological breadcrust is carried out, by the exposed native table of biological breadcrust provenance artificial infection to forest belt, timely water supply, training
Numerous biological breadcrust is educated and expanded, so that it is covered exposed native table, presses 200kg/ mus of application farmers' sheep manures after cultivating 24 hours；
G, soil is realized by using the method for soil conditioner to soil depletion or saline and alkaline heavier new reclamation of wasteland bare area
It quick getting fat water conservation and dilutes saline and alkaline, and then achievees the purpose that keep a full stand of seedings, getting fat is retained and dilutes saline and alkaline, basic farmland soil modifying
Agent uses turf, soft pin, vermiculite, natural zeolite, fertile soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate for raw material
It is mixed.
A kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position of the present invention plant seedling growth, is tried for a long time
It tests on the basis of research and technical research, the water resources condition and Characteristics of Natural Environment of foundation hotan area Typical Oases,
The comprehensive protecting technology scheme for proposing Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth is the important prerequisite of this technology application.
Efficient and reasonable utilization based on water resource, plant (Xinjiang poplar)-crop (cotton) are mutually arranged protection jujube children
Seedling improves the survival rate and survival rate of seedlings of economic species, is the key element in this technology content.
By the exploration of many years, the method for the invention is obtained in the Celei County of potentials in southern fringe of Taklamakan Desert, Hetian County
To application, effect of having brought into normal play.And plan the Technique Popularizing being applied to other conditions zone similarity.
It is (Xinjiang Guo Run ecological industry limited liability company, new in Xinjiang ecological industry enterprise using the method for the invention
Boundary Bo Yuanxinlv biotechnology Co., Ltd) application effect show that the survival rate of jujube growth of seedling early stage reaches
90% or more, survival rate of seedlings is up to 85% or more.The protection benefit and economic benefit of the economical ecological protective screen in district oasis periphery are bright
It is aobvious.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of guard method of Arid Sandy Areas oasis forward position plant seedling growth, it is characterised in that follow these steps to carry out:
A, site preparation: selection wild jujube field is set as wide 120m × long 300m by prevailing wind direction, and shelter-forest is arranged in every piece of wild jujube field surrounding
Band four row of Xinjiang poplar, line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m, and drip irrigation zone is set, line-spacing 85cm；
B, in wild jujube Tanaka's ditching drilling, wild jujube Planting Row Distance is 170cm, depth 3-4cm；Two row cotton of drilling between wild jujube Tanaka
Flower, cotton line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, seed broadcast after with covering with ground sheeting and timely water supply；
C, field management: sowing a few days ago keeps the daily trickle irrigation that continues to relax the watering period after seedling emergence is neat, seedling
Afterwards, 5-7 days trickle irrigations are primary, and single is irrigated 12 hours, until stopping trickle irrigation by the end of November, after First Year cotton manually harvests, place is withered to be stayed
It to second year mid-July, carries out agricultural machinery and turns over weeding and top dressing, start to sieve seedling to 50cm to jujube seedling length, and red in spring grafting
Jujube covers hay around the jujube seedling and cotton seedling after then transplanting again, keeps soil moisture；
D, bagging is carried out to seedling stem after Xinjiang poplar seedling replanting or binds wire netting, prevent hare from gnawing；
E, for jujube seedling, in culturing and transplanting seedlings, in kind of a planting ditch both sides ridging, the mound ridge effect generated using aeolian sediments,
So that the attachment region where seedbed keeps soil water content；
F, it using humic acid water-retaining agent, mixes, discharges in forest belt soil surface with soil in 0.5% ratio before plantation is irrigated, or into
The cultivation of row biological breadcrust, by the exposed native table of biological breadcrust provenance artificial infection to forest belt, numerous life is cultivated and is expanded in timely water supply
Object skinning makes it cover exposed native table, presses 200kg/ mus of application farmers' sheep manures after cultivating 12-24 hours；
G, to soil depletion or saline and alkaline heavier new reclamation of wasteland bare area, by using the method for soil conditioner, getting fat water conservation and it is dilute
Release it is saline and alkaline, basic farmland soil modifying agent use turf, soft pin, vermiculite, natural zeolite, fertile soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, sulfuric acid
Aluminium, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate are mixed for raw material.
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| CN108077008B true CN108077008B (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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| CN105210659B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-11-10 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | The implantation methods of oasis periphery economic forest under the drip irrigation of Arid Sandy Areas |
| CN105706606B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2018-10-26 | 新疆农业大学 | The fertilizing method of cotton in jujube cotton interplanting mode |
| CN106817945B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2020-04-24 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for rapidly changing desert into fertile farmland around oasis water source land in south Xinjiang |
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