CN106386066A - Planting method for fresh ginger seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for fresh ginger seeds. The method comprises the steps that a land is selected; the ginger seeds are selected and processed by disinfection and sprouting pre-treatment; strip sowing is conducted during Waking of Insects, Qingming Festivel or Grain Rain; fertilization and hilling are conducted during soil preparation and growth; and finally, the ginger seeds could be harvested. The technical scheme disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the fresh ginger seeds are harvested; time for fresh ginger seedling growth is shortened; the growth cycle of fresh ginger is reduced; consumption of the land is reduced; and the method is simple and can be generalized easily.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of ginger kind ginger

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, particularly to a kind of implantation methods of ginger kind ginger.

Background technology

Ginger is the new fresh quench stem of Zingiber herbaceos perennial ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRoscoe), and another name has Race, hundred peppery clouds, hook dress and refer to, process ginger because of pungent, the hot and cold boy in ground, fresh ginger, honey.The rhizome (rhizoma zingiberis) of ginger, cork (ginger peel), leaf (ginger leaves) all can be used as medicine.Ginger have in traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy dissipate, preventing or arresting vomiting, cough-relieving the effects such as.

Ginger originates in the torrid areas in Southeast Asia, likes warm, moistening weather, resists cold and drought-resistant ability is weaker, and plant is only Energy frost-free period growth, growth optimal temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and temperature is less than 20 DEG C and then germinates slowly, and meeting white plant can wither, and be subject to Frost rhizome just loses germinating capacity completely.The year-round average temperature in Guangxi main producing region major part county is 18-19 DEG C, 7 monthly average gas Temperature is 25.3 DEG C, and thermal extremes are 39 DEG C；January temperature on average is 10.2 DEG C, and extreme low temperature is -4 DEG C；Annual frost-free period 330 More than it.Annual rainfall 900-1300 millimeter, relative air humidity is 80% about.

The cultural method of conventional ginger is that mid or late March starts to shine ginger, tired ginger, indoor vernalization, works as bud within about 20-30 days about Length is to Furrow sowing during 1-1.5cm.Due to ginger early stage germinate slow, temperature sensitive, need before sowing time longer, Main threads is loaded down with trivial details, take a lot of work laborious, needs 25-30 days from being seeded into emerge, needs 25-30 days from emerging to 5-6 piece leaf, period causes Idle land is for up to 60-70 days it is sufficient to plant one batch of spring vegetables.

Content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcoming above-mentioned deficiency, following technical scheme is proposed：

The invention is intended to providing a kind of implantation methods of ginger kind ginger, for this invention provides following content of the invention：

A kind of implantation methods of ginger kind ginger, including：

Selection of land：Selection soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, good permeability, organic matter are abundant, the strong sandy loam of retain water and nutrients power, Loam, clay loam；

Select ginger kind：Select that ginger block hypertrophy is plentiful, color of the leather is bright, meat is fresh, quality is hard, there is a 1-2 individual strong bud, weigh 50 75 grams, a disease-free old ginger work kind ginger；

Pretreatment：With 500 times of liquid soaking disinfections of 50% carbendazim before sowing, after planting ginger sterilization, first shine 2-3 days, treat ginger block When surface is shinny, you can stack, carried out with rice straw mulching be incubated vernalization, temperature control at 20～25 DEG C, when ginger bud grows to 1 centimetre When can sow；

Sowing opportunity：Irrigation conditions is good and not vernalization, in climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing in the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term)；Non-irrigated condition and need vernalization, clear The bright or grain rains climate and other natural phenomena of a season is sowed；

Sowing：Drilling, 35-40 centimetre of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 26-30 centimetre, 10-20 centimetre of ditch depth are carried out in sowing, and every mu with planting 500 kilograms；

Fertilising：During site preparation, base manure made by 3000 kilograms of mu decomposed manure, 25 kilograms of potash fertilizer；When height of seedling 30 cm, During 1-2 branch, chase after 1 fertilizer, mu applies 20 kilograms of urea；During the beginning of autumn, 50 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizer, 25 kilograms of potassium sulfate, away from 15 centimetres of trench diggings of plant base portion apply, and earthing is poured water；When underground rhizome expands, mu applies 10-15 kilogram of urea, potassium sulfate 15-20 Kilogram；

Ridging：Carry out 2-3 ridging in conjunction with watering, fertilizing, every time 3 centimetres of ridging；

Sowing ginger：In 20～30 centimetres of height of seedling, 5～6 leaves of tool, you can harvesting, the soil on kind of ginger is excavated, does not allow ginger Strain is rocked, and digs out planting ginger.

Carry out harvesting ginger kind ginger according to technical solution of the present invention, shorten the time of ginger nursery, decrease ginger Growth cycle, the soil of saving, method is simply it is easy to promote.

Specific embodiment

With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention Rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content of present invention instruction, people in the art Member can various modifications may be made or changes to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values equally fall within the application appended claims and limited Scope.

Embodiment 1

1. strict selection of land, it is to avoid continuous cropping：Selection soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, good permeability, organic matter are abundant, and water conservation is protected , it is desirable to field physical features is slightly higher, irrigation and drainage are convenient, are difficult ponding for the strong sandy loam of fertility, loam, clay loam.The unsuitable continuous cropping of ginger, should Carry out the crop rotation of 34 years with paddy rice, Cruciferae, legume etc..

2. selected ginger kind, promotes early sending out：Selection ginger block hypertrophy is plentiful, color of the leather is bright, meat is fresh, quality is hard, have 1 2 strong buds, weigh 50 75 grams, disease-free old ginger make kind of a ginger.Plant the front 500 times of liquid soaking disinfections of 50% carbendazim of ginger sowing. After the sterilization of kind of ginger, first shine 23 days, when ginger block surface is shinny, you can stack, carried out with rice straw mulching being incubated vernalization it is desirable to protect Hold moistening, temperature control, at 20～25 DEG C, can be sowed when ginger bud grows to 1 centimetre.

3. begin sowing in good time, rational close planting：Irrigation conditions is good, and temperature is high, and not vernalization, in climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing in the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term)；No irrigate Condition and temperature are low, and need vernalization, before and after Clear and Bright or the grain rains climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing.Sowing implementation drilling, 35～40 centimetres of line-spacing, 26～30 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 10 20 centimetres of ditch depth, every mu with planting 500 kilograms about.Mu 15 kilograms of urea, 25 kilograms of composite fertilizers Make seed manure, fertilizer is put in ditch and mixes with soil.Broadcast and pour bottom water in first 1 hour about, make ground moistening, ginger block is placed horizontally in In ditch, so that young shoot direction is consistent, and be gently pressed in mud with hand, cover moistening fine earth 5 cm.

4. use sufficient base manure, science is topdressed：Ginger growth period is long, should take the principle using sufficient base manure, repeatedly topdressing.Site preparation When, base manure made by 3000 kilograms of mu decomposed manure, 25 kilograms of potash fertilizer.When height of seedling 30 cm, 12 branches, chase after 1 Secondary fertilizer, mu applies 20 kilograms of urea it is also possible to cleaning up excrement water pours seedling；Before and after the beginning of autumn, 50 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizer, 25 kilograms of potassium sulfate, Applying away from plant base portion 15 cm trench digging, earthing is poured water；When underground rhizome expands, mu applies 10 15 kilograms of urea, sulphur 15 20 kilograms of sour potassium.

5. shelter from heat or light cooling, promote growth：Ginger is that happiness is cloudy, the plant of non-refractory and high light, therefore summer growth period Sheltered from heat or light, to promote to grow.Method of sheltering from heat or light is a lot, can put up a shed and shelter from heat or light, also can carry out intercropping with long-stalked crops corn.

6. take precautions against drought prevention waterlogging, earth up in time：Ginger is not drought-resistant, also intolerant to waterlogging, strict to moisture requirement.Growth period is to keep Ground moistening is advisable, during summer high temperature, cooling of should watering in time, watered with morning, evening preferably, rainwater sky should exclude field in time Between ponding, to reduce the generation of ginger plague.For preventing rhizome from basseting, epidermis is thickening, and quality deteriorates, and be earthed up, typically Carry out 23 ridgings in conjunction with watering, fertilizing, every time ridging 3 cm.

7. do the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control well：Disease mainly has rot and spot disease.Rot typically originates in July, 8～September For fall ill the Sheng phase, find diseased plant pull out in time, cut out disease carrying germ soil, spread fertilizer over the fields lime in sick cave, with clean sterile soil landfill.Spot The sick early stage of point sprays 800 times of liquid of 50% Bravo, sprays 1 time every 7～10 days.Insect pest mainly has ginger snout moth's larva, ginger maggot, uses metrifonate Or phoxim carries out foliage spray preventing and treating.

8. sowing ginger：Also known as receipts ma ginger.After planting Jiang Faya, its nutriment does not consume completely, also without putrefaction, still can return Receive listing, being commonly called as " Old ginger is hotter than new " is exactly this reason.Typically in 20～30 centimetres of height of seedling, 5～6 leaves of tool, that is, Can harvest.Collecting method：First with scuppit, the soil on kind of ginger is excavated, with finger, ginger strain is pinned, do not allow ginger strain rock, separately Dug out planting ginger with long and narrow knife or bamboo let on the other hand.Note few shoveling as far as possible, hinder root less.Cave soil will be dug after receipts immediately fill up Make real.The kind ginger reclaimed is about fewer by 20% than during plantation.If infection process or pluvial period have occurred, ginger should not be received, otherwise cause to hinder Mouthful easily cause bacterial wilt of ginger to infect to spread.

Embodiment 2

Ginger cultivation Chinese medicine note following some：

First, choose soil, note crop rotation

Ginger belongs to excavating machine of underground tuber, that is, be afraid of drought, is afraid of flood again.Therefore, loose, soft more fertile, the irrigation and drainage convenience of depth to be selected Sandy loam field plantation.The front field making to plant ginger should not be selected, and typically takes crop rotation more than 3 years, and ginger plague otherwise easily occurs.Under Before kind, field will be ploughed to turn over and be tanned by the sun, and first lime during site preparation 35-40 kilogram of powder, then play furrow plantation.

2nd, select breeding, plant ahead of time

Plant the pork ginger kind that ginger should select meat is plump.Pork ginger quality better, yield is high, suitable export trade outlet.Ginger kind Select the aging ginger that " Winter Solstice " harvests afterwards, aging ginger kind is emerged and strengthened together.Ginger should not give over to kind of a use in sick field.According to prolific area Experience, the ginger planted before and after " rainwater " to " Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) ", the general volume increase 20% about than the ginger that " clear and bright " plants.

3rd, lower sufficient base manure, rational close planting

Ginger early growth is slower, and plant is shorter, only rational close planted, could obtain high yield.Typically adopt row spacing 1.35 meters, ridge is high 0.5 meter, 36 centimetres of little line-spacing, spacing in the rows 18-20 centimetre, and mu is planted the 4000-4500 root and stem of certain plants and is advisable.Base manure is with loose Based on miscellaneous fertilizers and person poultry muck, mu applies 1750-2000 kilogram of farmyard manure (plus 30-40 kilogram of stack retting of calcium superphosphate), plant ash 100-120 kilogram, beat cave or open under bar ditch spread, earthing of then sowing.Mountain grass or one layer of rice straw mulching are used in ridge face simultaneously, prevent miscellaneous Grass grows and heat and moisture preserving.

4th, topdress in good time, reasonable irrigation and drainage

When every cave grows 4-5 bar seedling, should promptly carry out topdressing for the first time ridging, the mu people and animals liquid dung 1500- that becomes thoroughly decomposed 2000 kilograms added 3.5-4 kilogram of pouring of urea and apply, and applied 1 time every 16-20 days.Will with burning soil or farmyard manure mud before and after " Slight Heat " Ginger bud covers, and chases after again and once strengthen tail fertilizer before and after " Autumnal Equinox ".It is careful not to during fertilising pour ginger head, in case hindering root rotten leaf.

Drought had both been afraid of by ginger, was afraid of flood again.Ginger field will keep moistening, with the growth of sharp ginger.Rainy season will open deep furrow, excludes stain Water；Dry weather, when particularly drying up hot blast, ginger field furrow will fill back 7-10 centimetre of water layer, keeps ginger field ground moistening with profit.

5th, do a good job of it ginger plague prevention work

While timely exclusion accumulated water, before and after " Grain in Ear ", spray 1000 times of 50% thiophanate, or 1:1:200 times of ripple Your many liquid (mu with 40-50 kilogram of liquid), sprayed 1 time every 7-10 days, continuous spray 3-4 time, can effectively suppress ginger plague Life and development.Once generation ginger plague, should diseased plant be pulled out focus on immediately and burn outside field, and sprinkle pulverized limestone around sick cave and disappear Poison sterilizing, stops applied nitrogen, enriches the potassic fertilizers such as plant ash.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of implantation methods of ginger kind ginger are it is characterised in that comprise the steps：

Selection of land：Select that soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, good permeability, organic abundant, the strong sandy loam of retain water and nutrients power, loam, Clay loam；

Select ginger kind：Select that ginger block hypertrophy is plentiful, color of the leather is bright, meat is fresh, quality is hard, there is a 1-2 strong bud, weigh 50-75 gram, Disease-free old ginger makees kind of a ginger；

Pretreatment：With 500 times of liquid soaking disinfections of 50% carbendazim before sowing, after planting ginger sterilization, first shine 2-3 days, treat ginger block surface When shinny, you can stack, carried out with rice straw mulching be incubated vernalization, temperature control at 20～25 DEG C, when ginger bud grows to 1 centimetre Can sow；

Sowing opportunity：Irrigation conditions is good and not vernalization, in climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing in the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term)；Non-irrigated condition and need vernalization, clear and bright or The grain rains climate and other natural phenomena of a season is sowed；

Sowing：Drilling, 35-40 centimetre of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 26-30 centimetre, 10-20 centimetre of ditch depth are carried out in sowing, and every mu public with planting 500 Jin；

Fertilising：During site preparation, base manure made by 3000 kilograms of mu decomposed manure, 25 kilograms of potash fertilizer；As height of seedling 30 cm, 1-2 During individual branch, chase after 1 fertilizer, mu applies 20 kilograms of urea；During the beginning of autumn, 50 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizer, 25 kilograms of potassium sulfate, away from plant 15 centimetres of trench diggings of base portion apply, and earthing is poured water；When underground rhizome expands, mu applies 10-15 kilogram of urea, 15-20 kilogram of potassium sulfate；

Ridging：Carry out 2-3 ridging in conjunction with watering, fertilizing, every time 3 centimetres of ridging；

Sowing ginger：In 20～30 centimetres of height of seedling, 5～6 leaves of tool, you can harvesting, the soil on kind of ginger is excavated, does not allow ginger strain shake Dynamic, dig out planting ginger.