CN108391563B - A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method - Google Patents
A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- LKVOXDJKFRBRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(dimethyl-$l^{4}-sulfanylidene)-4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(S(=O)(=O)N=S(C)C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O LKVOXDJKFRBRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 38
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 244000050427 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000000839 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000201895 Salicornia Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000586290 Suaeda salsa Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001145009 Sophora alopecuroides Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001523383 Achnatherum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000201282 Limonium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000003020 moisturizing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method, this method carries out full slope greening to barren hill mima type microrelief first with salt sward band intercropping method of classifying, and realizes greening, fertilizing soil, desalination, provides the function of herbage；By guiding gutter and drainage belt, barren hill runoff water, salt are come together in into drainage belt, then plant thermophilic salt salt sward band and cradled, realizes biological drainage and biological salt discharge；By counter-slope furrow, slope runoff is avoided, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching for waste slope surface provides condition；Capillary effect is blocked by the gravel layer of 60cm, so that the salt for reducing drainage belt soil surface rises；This method is integrated with the physically improved of salt affected soil, biological modification and combines furrow farming and water-saving drip irrigation technical measures, it is convenient for safeguarding, easy construction, at low cost, the stabilization and sustainable for realizing the greening of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill, provides practical experience and Technical Reference for arid biogeographic zone solonchak barren hill Urban Greening.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening methods, belong to revegetation and conservation technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
Arid biogeographic zone is since left over by history and drought, soil contain salt mostly, and there are remaining solonchak and modern salification
Solonchak.The highway in desert is passed through with hypsography, usually serious in the lower barren hill salification of topography, reason there are 3 aspects:
1. history is at the remaining salinity of native reason, due to precipitation rareness, residual salt cannot be migrated；2. it is lower that salt dirt is deposited on topography with the wind
Place；3. modern man's activity, in order to improve the ecological environment, check winds and fix drifting sand, the unremitting carry out afforestation project of people, green area irrigation
Moisture carry salt along topography and come together in the place of hypsography low-lying, while also these section groundwater table rises, more
Acute modern salification process.Salinized soil saliferous is higher, and the soil liquid flow of water is low, so that root system of plant is difficult to absorb water, causes routine
" physiological drought " of plant, when soil salt content is more than 0.3%, most of ornamental plants cannot survive and grow, and cause green
Chemical industry journey fails every year.Therefore, solonchak greening, improving survival rate is the most important thing.
The greening of solonchak barren hill must solve the problems, such as that first soil salt is excessively high.Traditional " big hydraulic pressure salt " effect is fast but cost
Greatly, water consumption is more, exists repeatedly, is unsustainable, and is easy to cause barren hill soil erosion.Analysis greening failure cause and " suitable ground
Suitable tree " principle, for the stabilization, sustainable for realizing the greening of strongly salined soil barren hill, since 2016, we were screened suitable for greening
Halophytes type, biological modification physically improved in conjunction with saline-alkali soil, water-saving drip irrigation and agronomic measures propose strongly salined soil barren hill
Greening method.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of method of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening, this method is micro- to barren hill first
Classification of landform arranges, and selection is suitble to the salt sward bands of different great soil groups, carries out full slope greening using intercropping method, realize greening,
Fertilizing soil, provides the function of herbage at desalination；Incorporation engineering measure and biotechnology construct barren hill moisture and salt regime channel: passing through
Barren hill runoff water, salinity are come together in drainage belt by guiding gutter and drainage belt, in conjunction with thermophilic salt halophytes straw cord plantation and cut
It cuts, realizes biological drainage and biological salt discharge；Trickle irrigation can reduce barren hill runoff to greatest extent, and lasting, a small amount of, high frequency provides fresh water
Guarantee growth of the plant in high alkali-salinity soil soil.This method is integrated with the physically improved of salt affected soil, biological modification and combines ridge
Ditch farming and water-saving drip irrigation technical measures, it is convenient for safeguarding, easy construction, at low cost, realize the greening of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill
Stabilization and sustainable, provide practical experience and Technical Reference for arid biogeographic zone solonchak barren hill Urban Greening.
A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method of the present invention, follows these steps to carry out:
Barren hill arranges:
A, the saliferous 2-2.5% strongly salined soil barren hill for selecting 5-25 ° of the gradient is taken and cuts the low partial soil preparation's mode of high benefit, uses
Minibul arranges top of the slope (1) earth's surface, and raised scabbles, and pit is banketed and modified, and top of the slope (1) keeps 0.3%
Counter-slope；Slope surface (2) arrangement is carried out again, clears up side slope, recess is filled and led up, keeps slope surface (2) smooth；
B, it opens kind of a planting ditch: being opened contour cultivation ditch (3) with ditching machine along contour from top to bottom by slope surface (2), ditch earth culture ridge,
Interior low outer high formation counter-slope furrow, outer ridge is 10-15cm higher than interior ridge, row spacing 40-50cm, deep 20-30cm, plants planting ditch (3) spacing
40-50cm；
C, it builds guiding gutter: building guiding gutter, wide 30-40cm, deep 20- with cement along ridge direction at top of the slope (1) center
Convex stone is arranged in 30cm, slot bottom；The vertical contour interval 50m of (2) first guiding gutter (4) of slope surface is laid, with (1) second water guide of top of the slope
Slot (5) is connected, to guide slope runoff；Kind planting ditch (3) and the first guiding gutter (4) joint partial size 1cm and 4cm gravel
According to volume ratio 2:1 mix block, emergence before is extremely drifted about to prevent seed with water with grave, two leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when by soil open,
Open the first guiding gutter (4) and the second guiding gutter (5)；
D, bottom of slope constructs drainage belt: ecological permeable, biological salt discharge drainage belt (7) are built, it will be in bottom of slope (6) highway roadside stone
3-6m wide, 1m are deep, the soil body excavator of long 300-500m and transport husky vehicle and remove, then from bottom to top successively landfill 30cm it is thick,
The gravel (8) of partial size 4cm, 30cm is thick, partial size 2cm gravel (8), covers permeable geotextiles or felt (9), 40cm is thick, original soil with
The clinker of clinker 3:1 mixing is native (10), and last soil surface spreads fertilizer over the fields cow dung rotary tillage and buries, and applies 2000kg per acre；
E, the first guiding gutter (4) and the second guiding gutter (5) that step c is built are by platform, slope surface (2) charge for remittance steps for importing d
In the drainage belt (7) of building；
Drip irrigation system arrangement:
F, φ 100PE water-supply-pipe (11) are arranged along slope ridge, buried depth 1m, interval 100m installation φ 63PE is discharged stake (12), double
To installation φ 63PE ball valve (13)；φ 63PE branch pipe (14) connection water outlet stake (12), perpendicular to contour arrangement, unidirectional long 50m；
The drip irrigation zone (15) for being connected to branch pipe (14) is layed in the kind planting ditch (3) of slope surface (2) and bottom of slope (6)；Top of the slope (1) is using sowing
Machine, which is completed at the same time, is laid with drip irrigation zone (15) and film coating operation, mulch wide 60cm, film surface 40cm, every 2-3m firming radix saposhnikoviae on film,
One film, one band, drip irrigation zone (15) are connected with branch pipe (14), spacing 60-80cm；
Salt sward band plantation:
G, top of the slope is planted: being pulverized and sieved, is pressed by the seed difference impurity elimination sieving of splendid achnatherum, daghestan sweet clover, then by decomposed cow dung
After being mixed thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, drip irrigation zone (15) two sides of bunch planting in top of the slope (1), 6-10, every cave seed, hill spacing
6-10cm forms the seeding belt of 30-40cm, an a kind of plant of film, according to splendid achnatherum, the band-like intercropping plant of daghestan sweet clover sequence；
H, slope surface is planted: contour large level ditch planting is used, the seed difference impurity elimination of Sophora alopecuroide, limonium gmeliniiKuntze is sieved,
Decomposed cow dung is pulverized and sieved again, after mixing thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, is sown in the kind planting ditch of slope surface (2) respectively
(3) interior drip irrigation zone (15) two sides, breadth 30-40cm, a kind of plant of a line, according to Sophora alopecuroide, band-like of limonium gmeliniiKuntze sequence
It plants；
I, bottom of slope is planted: by Suaeda salsa+salicornia europaeal seed, respectively impurity elimination sieving, then decomposed cow dung being pulverized and sieved, is pressed
After mixing thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, kind planting ditch (3) interior drip irrigation zone (15) two sides of bottom of slope (6) are sown in, form 30-
The seeding belt of 40cm, a kind of plant of a line, according to Suaeda salsa+band-like intercropping plant of salicornia europaeal sequence；
It irrigates:
J, water-filling, which reaches, after drip irrigation zone (15) cloth is good is not blown up, after planting pours water immediately, top of the slope (1) is with soil under film
It wets through and infiltrates to film external edge subject to soil, slope surface (2) and bottom of slope (6) furrow dripping irrigation water are with wetted front to ridge height
2/3 is degree；Seeding stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, carried out moisturizing when with soil moisture being 15% after seedling stage, each irrigation quantity control
In 120m3/hm2-150m3/hm2；
Harvesting:
Plant flowering fruit bearing stage before and after September, Suaeda salsa, salicornia europaeal toothing 20-30cm are cradled and are taken away, with daghestan sweet clover, precarious
Greenfeed is done in grass, Sophora alopecuroide mixing, is played biology and is moved salt functional.
A kind of the characteristics of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method of the present invention, this method are as follows:
The main feature that soil alkaline is heavy, barren, arid, soil erosion is arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill.Pass through " counter-slope ridge
Ditch " avoids slope runoff, provides condition for the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of slope surface；Capillary effect is blocked by the gravel layer of 60cm, reduces drainage belt
The salt of native table rises；Drainage channel is arranged in top of the slope, slope surface and bottom of slope, and barren hill runoff water, salt is made to import bottom of slope row along guiding gutter
Water band, drainage belt plant the thermophilic salt halophytes straw cord of humidogene, realize biological drainage, salt discharge；The under-film drip irrigation of top of the slope, water-saving, suppression
Salt provides good developing environment for plant growth；Salt sward interband is made, and pulse family and grass family mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit play simultaneously
Edge effect, thus reach improve biomass, depth root system anchoring reinforced action reduce soil erosion, fertilizing soil and
Inhibit soil salt to rise, makes Soil Desalting, while providing herbage, develop animal husbandry arid biogeographic zone solonchak barren hill with important meaning
Justice；Plantation is based on sowing, this high-output stress-resistance of salt sward, adds drip irrigation technique, therefore can afforest with anti-season, Xinjiang can
With from late March until early September can be carried out afforesting.This method is integrated with physically improved, the biological modification of salt affected soil
And furrow farming and water-saving drip irrigation technology are combined, and it is convenient for safeguarding, easy construction, at low cost, it is waste to realize arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil
The stabilization and sustainable of slope greening, provides practical experience and Technical Reference for arid biogeographic zone solonchak barren hill Urban Greening.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
In mid-April, 2016, in Urumchi sweet spring water fort economic and technological development zone, strongly salined soil barren hill highway division is carried out
The experiment and demonstration of 300m long:
A, 5-25 ° of the gradient of strongly salined soil barren hill is selected, soil salt content 2%, barren land occupation condition, on pre-existing topography basis
On, it takes and cuts the low partial soil preparation's mode of high benefit, 1 earth's surface of top of the slope is arranged with minibul, raised scabbles, and pit carries out
It bankets and modifies, top of the slope 1 keeps 0.3% counter-slope；The arrangement of slope surface 2 is carried out again, clears up side slope, recess is filled and led up, slope surface 2 is made
It is smooth；
B, it opens kind of a planting ditch: contour cultivation ditch 3 being opened along contour with ditching machine from top to bottom by slope surface 2, ditch earth culture ridge is interior low
Outer high formation counter-slope furrow, outer ridge is 10cm higher than interior ridge, row spacing 40cm, deep 20cm, plants 3 spacing 40cm of planting ditch；
C, build guiding gutter: 1 center of top of the slope along ridge direction with cement build guiding gutter, wide 30-40cm, deep 20-30cm,
Convex stone is arranged in slot bottom；The vertical contour interval 50m of 2 first guiding gutter of slope surface 4 is laid, and is connected with 1 second guiding gutter 5 of top of the slope,
To guide slope runoff；Kind planting ditch 3 and 4 joint of the first guiding gutter are mixed with partial size 1cm and 4cm gravel according to volume ratio 2:1
Block, emergence before is extremely drifted about to prevent seed with water with grave, two leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when by soil open, open 4 He of the first guiding gutter
Second guiding gutter 5；
D, bottom of slope constructs drainage belt: ecological permeable, biological salt discharge drainage belt 7 is built, by 3m in 6 highway roadside stone of bottom of slope
The husky vehicle of soil body excavator and fortune of width, 1m depth, long 300m is removed, and 30cm thickness, partial size 4cm are then from bottom to top successively filled
Gravel 8,30cm is thick, partial size 2cm gravel, covers permeable geotextiles 9, the clinker that 40cm is thick, original soil mix with clinker 3:1 is native
10, last soil surface spreads fertilizer over the fields cow dung rotary tillage and buries, and applies 2000kg per acre；
E, the first guiding gutter 4 and the second guiding gutter 5 that step c is built construct platform, 2 charge for remittance steps for importing d of slope surface
In drainage belt 7；
Drip irrigation system arrangement:
F, arrange that φ 100PE water-supply-pipe 11, buried depth 1m, interval 100m installation φ 63PE are discharged stake 12, two-way peace along slope ridge
Fill φ 63PE ball valve 13；φ 63PE branch pipe 14 is connect with water outlet stake 12, is arranged perpendicular to contour, unidirectional long 50m；It is connected to branch
The drip irrigation zone 15 of pipe 14 is layed in the kind planting ditch 3 of slope surface 2 and bottom of slope 6；Top of the slope 1 is completed at the same time using seeder and is laid with drip irrigation zone
15 and film coating operation, mulch wide 60cm, film surface 40cm, every 2m firming radix saposhnikoviae, one band of a film, drip irrigation zone 15 and branch pipe 14 on film
It is connected, spacing 60cm；
Salt sward band plantation:
G, top of the slope is planted: being pulverized and sieved, is pressed by the seed difference impurity elimination sieving of splendid achnatherum, daghestan sweet clover, then by decomposed cow dung
After mixing thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, bunch planting is in 15 two sides of the drip irrigation zone of top of the slope 1, and 6, hill spacing 6cm, every cave seed, shape
At the seeding belt of 30cm, an a kind of plant of film, according to splendid achnatherum, the band-like intercropping plant of daghestan sweet clover sequence；
H, slope surface is planted: contour large level ditch planting is used, the seed difference impurity elimination of Sophora alopecuroide, limonium gmeliniiKuntze is sieved,
Decomposed cow dung is pulverized and sieved again, after being mixed thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, is sown in the kind planting ditch 3 of slope surface 2 respectively
15 two sides of drip irrigation zone, breadth 30cm, a kind of plant of a line, according to Sophora alopecuroide, the band-like intercropping plant of limonium gmeliniiKuntze sequence；
I, bottom of slope is planted: by Suaeda salsa+salicornia europaeal seed, respectively impurity elimination sieving, then decomposed cow dung being pulverized and sieved, is pressed
After being mixed thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3,15 two sides of drip irrigation zone in the kind planting ditch 3 of bottom of slope 6 are sown in, the sowing of 30cm is formed
Band, a kind of plant of a line, according to Suaeda salsa+band-like intercropping plant of salicornia europaeal sequence；
It irrigates:
J, water-filling, which reaches, after 15 cloth of drip irrigation zone is good is not blown up, after planting pours water immediately, top of the slope 1 is whole with soil under film
Drenched and infiltrate to film external edge subject to soil, slope surface 2 and 6 furrow dripping irrigation water of bottom of slope are to spend with wetted front to ridge high 2/3；Out
Seedling stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, carried out moisturizing when with soil moisture being 15% after seedling stage, each irrigation quantity control is in 120m3/hm2；
Harvesting:
Plant flowering fruit bearing stage before and after September, Suaeda salsa, salicornia europaeal toothing 20-30cm are cradled and are taken away, with daghestan sweet clover, precarious
Greenfeed is done in grass, Sophora alopecuroide mixing, is played biology and is moved salt functional.
Embodiment 2
In May, 2017, Urumchi sweet spring water fort economic and technological development zone Shenhua Group Co highway division into
Strongly salined soil barren hill of having gone afforests 500m long test section:
Barren hill arranges:
A, 5-25 ° of the gradient of strongly salined soil barren hill of selection, soil salt content 2.5%, barren, soil erosion weight land occupation condition,
It on the basis of pre-existing topography, takes and cuts the low partial soil preparation's mode of high benefit, 1 earth's surface of top of the slope is arranged with minibul, protrusion
Scabble, pit is banketed and is modified, top of the slope 1 keep 0.3% counter-slope；The arrangement of slope surface 2 is carried out again, clears up side slope, it will be recessed
Sunken place is filled and led up, and keeps slope surface 2 smooth；
B, it opens kind of a planting ditch: contour cultivation ditch 3 being opened along contour with ditching machine from top to bottom by slope surface 2, ditch earth culture ridge is interior low
Outer high formation counter-slope furrow, outer ridge is 15cm higher than interior ridge, row spacing 50cm, deep 30cm, plants 3 spacing 50cm of planting ditch；
C, it builds guiding gutter: building guiding gutter, wide 40cm, deep 30cm with cement along ridge direction at 1 center of top of the slope, slot bottom is set
Set convex stone；The vertical contour interval 50m of 2 first guiding gutter of slope surface 4 is laid, and is connected with 1 second guiding gutter 5 of top of the slope, with guidance
Slope runoff；Kind planting ditch 3 and 4 joint of the first guiding gutter, which are mixed with partial size 1cm and 4cm gravel according to volume ratio 2:1, to be blocked, out
Miao Qianyong grave extremely drifts about to prevent seed with water, two leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when soil is opened, open the first guiding gutter 4 and the second water guide
Slot 5；
D, bottom of slope constructs drainage belt: ecological permeable, biological salt discharge drainage belt 7 is built, by 6m in 6 highway roadside stone of bottom of slope
The husky vehicle of soil body excavator and fortune of width, 1m depth, long 500m is removed, and 30cm thickness, partial size 4cm are then from bottom to top successively filled
Gravel 8,30cm is thick, partial size 2cm gravel 8, felt 9, and the clinker soil 10 that 40cm is thick, original soil mix with clinker 3:1 is last native
Earth surface spreads fertilizer over the fields cow dung rotary tillage and buries, and applies 2000kg per acre；
E, the first guiding gutter 4 and the second guiding gutter 5 that step c is built construct platform, 2 charge for remittance steps for importing d of slope surface
In drainage belt 7；
Drip irrigation system arrangement:
F, arrange that φ 100PE water-supply-pipe 11, buried depth 1m, interval 100m installation φ 63PE are discharged stake 12, two-way peace along slope ridge
Fill φ 63PE ball valve 13；φ 63PE branch pipe 14 is connect with water outlet stake 12, is arranged perpendicular to contour, unidirectional long 50m；It is connected to branch
The drip irrigation zone 15 of pipe 14 is layed in the kind planting ditch 3 of slope surface 2 and bottom of slope 6；Top of the slope 1 is completed at the same time using seeder and is laid with drip irrigation zone
15 and film coating operation, mulch wide 60cm, film surface 40cm, every 3m firming radix saposhnikoviae, one band of a film, drip irrigation zone 15 and branch pipe 14 on film
It is connected, spacing 80cm；
Salt sward band plantation:
G, top of the slope is planted: being pulverized and sieved, is pressed by the seed difference impurity elimination sieving of splendid achnatherum, daghestan sweet clover, then by decomposed cow dung
After mixing thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, bunch planting is in 15 two sides of the drip irrigation zone of top of the slope 1, and 10, hill spacing 10cm, every cave seed,
Form the seeding belt of 40cm, an a kind of plant of film, according to splendid achnatherum, the band-like intercropping plant of daghestan sweet clover sequence；
H, slope surface is planted: contour large level ditch planting is used, the seed difference impurity elimination of Sophora alopecuroide, limonium gmeliniiKuntze is sieved,
Decomposed cow dung is pulverized and sieved again, after being mixed thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, is sown in the kind planting ditch 3 of slope surface 2 respectively
15 two sides of drip irrigation zone, breadth 40cm, a kind of plant of a line, according to Sophora alopecuroide, the band-like intercropping plant of limonium gmeliniiKuntze sequence；
I, bottom of slope is planted: by Suaeda salsa+salicornia europaeal seed, respectively impurity elimination sieving, then decomposed cow dung being pulverized and sieved, is pressed
After being mixed thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3,15 two sides of drip irrigation zone in the kind planting ditch 3 of bottom of slope 6 are sown in, the sowing of 40cm is formed
Band, a kind of plant of a line, according to Suaeda salsa+band-like intercropping plant of salicornia europaeal sequence；
It irrigates:
J, water-filling, which reaches, after 15 cloth of drip irrigation zone is good is not blown up, after planting pours water immediately, top of the slope 1 is whole with soil under film
Drenched and infiltrate to film external edge subject to soil, slope surface 2 and 6 furrow dripping irrigation water of bottom of slope are to spend with wetted front to ridge high 2/3；Out
Seedling stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, carried out moisturizing when with soil moisture being 15% after seedling stage, each irrigation quantity control is in 150m3/hm2；
Harvesting:
Plant flowering fruit bearing stage before and after September, Suaeda salsa, salicornia europaeal toothing 20-30cm are cradled and are taken away, with daghestan sweet clover, precarious
Greenfeed is done in grass, Sophora alopecuroide mixing, is played biology and is moved salt functional.
A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method of the present invention, this method is in the economic skill in Urumchi sweet spring water fort
The strongly salined soil barren hill greening that art development zone highway division carries out shows: this survival rate of salt sward reaches 75-95%, and coverage rate reaches
To 70-90%, ground surface soil salinity is than having dropped 20-50% before transformation；Between the edge effect made so that biomass is improved 10-20%,
After perennial salt sward this plantation the 2nd year, 2 toothings can be carried out every year and are cradled.It is mentioned while protecting ecology for local cultivation
It is a kind of ecological management mode that can be increased income for forage grass.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method, it is characterised in that follow these steps to carry out:
Barren hill arranges:
A, the saliferous 2-2.5% strongly salined soil barren hill for selecting 5-25 ° of the gradient is taken and cuts the low partial soil preparation's mode of high benefit, pushed away with small-sized
Native machine arranges top of the slope (1) earth's surface, and raised scabbles, and pit is banketed and modified, and top of the slope (1) keeps 0.3% counter-slope；
Slope surface (2) arrangement is carried out again, clears up side slope, recess is filled and led up, keeps slope surface (2) smooth；
B, it opens kind of a planting ditch: being opened contour cultivation ditch (3) with ditching machine along contour from top to bottom by slope surface (2), ditch earth culture ridge is interior low
Outer high formation counter-slope furrow, outer ridge is 10-15cm higher than interior ridge, row spacing 40-50cm, deep 20-30cm, plants planting ditch (3) spacing 40-
50cm；
C, it builds guiding gutter: building guiding gutter, wide 30-40cm, deep 20-30cm, slot with cement along ridge direction at top of the slope (1) center
Convex stone is arranged in bottom；The vertical contour interval 50m of (2) first guiding gutter (4) of slope surface is laid, with top of the slope (1) second guiding gutter (5) phase
Connection, to guide slope runoff；Kind planting ditch (3) is with the first guiding gutter (4) joint with partial size 1cm and 4cm gravel according to volume
Than 2:1 mix block, emergence before is extremely drifted about to prevent seed with water with grave, two leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when by soil open, open first
Guiding gutter (4) and the second guiding gutter (5)；
D, bottom of slope constructs drainage belt: ecological permeable, biological salt discharge drainage belt (7) is built, by 3-6m in bottom of slope (6) highway roadside stone
The husky vehicle of soil body excavator and fortune of width, 1m depth, long 300-500m is removed, and 30cm thickness, partial size are then from bottom to top successively filled
The gravel (8) of 4cm, the gravel (8) of 30cm thickness, partial size 2cm cover permeable geotextiles or felt (9), 40cm thickness, original soil and clinker
The clinker of 3:1 mixing is native (10), and last soil surface spreads fertilizer over the fields cow dung rotary tillage and buries, and applies 2000kg per acre；
E, the first guiding gutter (4) and the second guiding gutter (5) that step c is built construct platform, slope surface (2) charge for remittance steps for importing d
Drainage belt (7) in；
Drip irrigation system arrangement:
F, 100 PE water-supply-pipe (11) of φ is arranged along slope ridge, buried depth 1m, interval 100m installation 63 PE of φ is discharged stake (12), two-way
It installs φ 63PE ball valve (13)；63 PE branch pipe (14) of φ connection water outlet stake (12), perpendicular to contour arrangement, unidirectional long 50m；
The drip irrigation zone (15) for being connected to branch pipe (14) is layed in the kind planting ditch (3) of slope surface (2) and bottom of slope (6)；Top of the slope (1) is using sowing
Machine, which is completed at the same time, is laid with drip irrigation zone (15) and film coating operation, mulch wide 60cm, film surface 40cm, every 2-3 m firming radix saposhnikoviae on film,
One film, one band, drip irrigation zone (15) are connected with branch pipe (14), spacing 60-80cm；
Salt sward band plantation:
G, top of the slope is planted: being pulverized and sieved by the seed difference impurity elimination sieving of splendid achnatherum, daghestan sweet clover, then by decomposed cow dung, according to kind
After son is mixed thoroughly with cow dung volume ratio 1:3, drip irrigation zone (15) two sides of bunch planting in top of the slope (1), 6-10, every cave seed, hill spacing 6-
10cm forms the seeding belt of 30-40cm, an a kind of plant of film, according to splendid achnatherum, the band-like intercropping plant of daghestan sweet clover sequence；
H, slope surface is planted: contour large level ditch planting is used, by the seed difference impurity elimination sieving of Sophora alopecuroide, limonium gmeliniiKuntze, then will
Decomposed cow dung pulverizes and sieves, and after mixing thoroughly according to seed and cow dung volume ratio 1:3, is sown in the kind planting ditch (3) of slope surface (2) respectively
Drip irrigation zone (15) two sides, breadth 30-40cm, a kind of plant of a line, according to Sophora alopecuroide, limonium gmeliniiKuntze sequence strip cropping kind
It plants；
I, bottom of slope is planted: by Suaeda salsa, salicornia europaeal seed, respectively impurity elimination sieving, then decomposed cow dung being pulverized and sieved, according to kind
After son is mixed thoroughly with cow dung volume ratio 1:3, kind planting ditch (3) interior drip irrigation zone (15) two sides of bottom of slope (6) are sown in, form 30-40cm
Seeding belt, a kind of plant of a line, according to Suaeda salsa, the band-like intercropping plant of salicornia europaeal sequence；
It irrigates:
J, water-filling, which reaches, after drip irrigation zone (15) cloth is good is not blown up, after planting pours water immediately, top of the slope (1) is whole with soil under film
Drenched and infiltrate to film external edge subject to soil, slope surface (2) and bottom of slope (6) furrow dripping irrigation water are to ridge high 2/3 with wetted front
Degree；Seeding stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, carried out moisturizing when with soil moisture being 15% after seedling stage, each irrigation quantity control exists
120m3/hm2-150m3/hm2；
Harvesting:
Plant flowering fruit bearing stage before and after September, Suaeda salsa, salicornia europaeal toothing 20-30cm are cradled and are taken away, with daghestan sweet clover, splendid achnatherum, hardship
Greenfeed is done in bean or pea mixing, is played biology and is moved salt functional.
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| CN109197411B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for planting salt-tolerant forage grass in arid region by drip irrigation under deep-furrow wide-ridge film in sandy soil |
| CN110521504B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Method for planting pasture in coastal saline-alkali slope land |
| CN112166930A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-05 | 湖南省常德西湖区地林草业园林绿化工程有限公司 | Method for cultivating landscaping grass and trees |
| CN112243630B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-07-05 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Soil-improving and salt-transferring method for regional scale |
| CN114651546A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-24 | 南京林业大学 | Selective permeable semi-open type washing and sunning integrated saline-alkali soil improvement system |
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