CN114651673B - Grass planting water-conditioning corrosion-reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditch - Google Patents
Grass planting water-conditioning corrosion-reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114651673B CN114651673B CN202210220288.8A CN202210220288A CN114651673B CN 114651673 B CN114651673 B CN 114651673B CN 202210220288 A CN202210220288 A CN 202210220288A CN 114651673 B CN114651673 B CN 114651673B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slope protection
- grid
- ditch
- grass
- slope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025670 Eleusine indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014716 Eleusine indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014820 Galium aparine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000489045 Helosis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000024873 Mentha crispa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014749 Mentha crispa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003805 Musa ABB Group Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000248557 Ophiopogon japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015266 Plantago major Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000152045 Themeda triandra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000981595 Zoysia japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/10—Pre-cultivated sod or turf; Apparatus therefor
- A01G20/18—Apparatus for laying sods or turfs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/18—Network design, e.g. design based on topological or interconnect aspects of utility systems, piping, heating ventilation air conditioning [HVAC] or cabling
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of farmland treatment, and provides a grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditches. The treatment method comprises the following steps: sequentially arranging slope protection grids at the calibration positions from the bottom of the ditch upwards, and fixing the slope protection grids; paving a flexible grid at the ditch edge position, connecting with the slope protection grid, and fixing the flexible grid; vegetation is planted in the slope protection grids and/or the flexible grids to form a protective grass belt. The grass planting and water management corrosion reduction treatment method and system for the farmland erosion ditch provided by the invention can solve the problems of difficult vegetation growth, large disturbance occupation and easy damage of measures by combining engineering and biological measures, and provide a sectional layout calculation method for slope protection grass strips.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of farmland treatment, in particular to a grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditches.
Background
The erosion ditch is a ditch topography formed by partially cutting down slope soil and gradually expanding due to lack of vegetation coverage protection and topography change under the condition of centralized confluence flushing of the earth surface, is a concrete expression of serious water and soil loss, and has become an important threat of farmland damage and land degradation. The cultivation history of the northeast black soil area in China only has more than one hundred years, grasslands are mainly used before cultivation, and after the grasslands are cultivated, the vegetation coverage is reduced, the cultivation disturbance is enhanced, so that the water and soil loss is aggravated, and erosion furrows are induced to develop. The erosion ditch directly damages cultivated land, reduces the cultivated area and the harm of soil fertility, and also causes the cultivated land to be broken, thereby preventing the tractor-ploughing operation, limiting the consequences of the large-scale and intensive modern agriculture development, damaging surrounding traffic, water conservancy and human living facilities and seriously affecting regional ecology and grain safety. In general, the erosion furrows in the northeast black soil area of China are large in quantity and active in development, become an important threat for the efficient and permanent utilization of the black soil, and have urgent demands and important significance for developing farmland erosion furrows in the northeast black soil area. Shallow trenches are the primary stage of erosion trench development, and are also the most common erosion trench types, if not controlled in time, rapid evolution is expanded to form a cutting trench or even a flushing trench, and finally, the control is difficult. Therefore, shallow trench control is an important and critical aspect of erosion trench control. At present, the method for preventing and controlling farmland shallow trenches mainly comprises the following steps: continuous wicker drop, channel vegetation recovery, straw landfill reclamation, and the like. The continuous wicker drop and the channel vegetation recovery mainly face the challenges of unstable protection effect and unsatisfactory vegetation recovery effect caused by runoff scouring; the straw landfill reclamation is mainly suitable for ditching, and has the defects of large excavation disturbance, complex implementation process, high input cost and the like for shallow ditches. In addition, most shallow trenches are still positions where slope runoffs are collected after treatment, and the prevention and treatment method for solving the problem of runoff drainage cannot solve the problem, so that erosion furrows are most likely to develop again. Therefore, the research and development of a novel control method for converging shallow trenches of black farmland is very needed, and the technical requirements of rapid vegetation field planting, stable channel control, orderly runoff drainage and the like which are commonly existed at present are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion furrows, which are used for solving the defects of poor protection effect, complex construction and high cost of a farm Tian Jiangou control method in the prior art.
The invention provides a grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion furrows, which comprises the following steps:
s100, sequentially arranging slope protection grids at the calibration positions from the bottom of the ditch upwards, and fixing the slope protection grids;
s200, paving a flexible grid at the ditch edge position, connecting with the slope protection grid, and fixing the flexible grid;
and S300, planting vegetation in the slope protection grids and/or the flexible grids to form a protective grass belt.
According to the grass planting water treatment corrosion reduction treatment method for farmland erosion ditches provided by the invention, the method further comprises the following steps before the step S100:
s10, judging whether a comprehensive laying mode of the protection grass strips or a sectional laying mode of the protection grass strips is adopted according to the length of the shallow grooves;
if the length of the shallow trench is greater than the set length, the sectional paving is carried out according to the gradient change of the shallow trench.
According to the grass planting water treatment corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion ditches provided by the invention, the step S10 specifically comprises the following steps:
if the length of the shallow groove does not exceed the set length, paving slope protection grids comprehensively in the groove, and paving flexible grids comprehensively on two sides of the groove edge.
According to the grass planting water treatment corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion ditches provided by the invention, the step S10 specifically comprises the following steps:
if the length of the shallow trench exceeds the set length, calculating the laying density of the protection grass belt according to the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, and uniformly laying slope protection grids with the set length along the length direction of the shallow trench according to the laying density of the protection grass belt, and laying flexible grids on two sides of the ditch edge corresponding to the slope protection grids.
According to the grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion ditches, provided by the invention, the laying density of the protection grass belt is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein ρ is the laying density of the protection grass belt, and the unit is strip/m; θ is shallow trench slope in degrees; v 0 Is a slope sink entering shallow trenchFlow initial flow rate in m/s; v t The unit is the starting flow rate of sediment, which is m/s; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L is the straight line length of the shallow trench in the downhill direction, and the unit is m; k is the energy dissipation coefficient of a single protection grass belt, comprehensively reflects the influence of the surface roughness in the ditch on the water flow resistance, and is 0<k<1。
According to the grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing treatment method for the farmland erosion ditch, which is provided by the invention, the slope protection grating is inserted into the soil by using the fixed nails and through external force pressing, so that 80% -90% of the height of the slope protection grating is embedded into the surface soil in the erosion ditch, and the rest 10% -20% of the height of the slope protection grating is exposed.
According to the grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing treatment method for the farmland erosion ditch, which is provided by the invention, the slope protection grating is provided with the grooves for draining and guiding the surface runoffs, and the trend of the grooves is consistent with the falling direction of the ditch slope.
According to the grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method for the farmland erosion ditch provided by the invention, the flexible grid is pressed by the fixed needles through external force, so that the flexible grid is attached to the undulating ground.
The invention provides a grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing system for farmland erosion ditches, which comprises the following components:
the slope protection grating is fixed on the ditch slope and the ditch bottom and is formed by splicing a plurality of grid cells;
the flexible grid is positioned at the ditch edge position, the outer contour of the flexible grid is closely attached to the outer contour of the slope protection grid, and the flexible grid is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units;
and vegetation, wherein the vegetation is planted on the slope protection grating and/or the flexible grid.
According to the grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing system for the farmland erosion ditch, which is provided by the invention, the grid cell is provided with the through grooves, after the grid cell is spliced, the upper grooves and the lower grooves which are adjacent are communicated, and the trend of the communicated grooves is consistent with the falling direction of the ditch slope.
According to the grass planting and water management corrosion reduction treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditches, provided by the invention, the grass planting and water management treatment method for farmland erosion ditches is characterized in that slope protection grids are arranged in soil of shallow ditch slopes and ditch bottoms, flexible grids are arranged in soil at ditch edges, and vegetation is planted in the slope protection grids and/or the flexible grids, so that a ditch fixing grass belt treatment method is formed; the method can solve the problems of difficult vegetation growth, large disturbance occupation and easy damage of measures existing in the prior treatment method by combining engineering and biological measures, has the advantages of quick implementation, small disturbance, small occupation and low cost, is suitable for treating wide shallow erosion ditches in northeast black soil areas, can realize quick stabilization and vegetation recovery of farmland shallow ditches, effectively controls erosion ditch expansion, and gives consideration to drainage and traffic functions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a grass planting water treatment and corrosion reduction treatment method for farmland erosion ditches;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the grass planting water reducing system of the farmland erosion ditch adopting the segmented paving mode;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a grass planting water reducing system for farmland erosion ditches in a sectional laying manner in shallow trenches;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grass planting water reducing system for farmland erosion ditches in a sectional laying manner in shallow trenches;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of one of the cell units of the slope protection grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of one of the cells of the flexible mesh provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view of one of the cells of the flexible mesh provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: slope protection grids; 2: a flexible grid; 3: vegetation;
10: protecting the grass belt;
101: a cell unit; 102: a groove; 103: fixing nails;
201: a grid unit; 202: a first fixed needle; 203: a second fixed needle.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The grass planting water corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion ditches is described below with reference to fig. 1. The method comprises the following steps:
s100, arranging slope protection grids 1 in the shallow trenches at the calibration positions sequentially from the bottom of the trenches upwards, and fixing the slope protection grids 1;
s200, paving a flexible grid 2 at the ditch edge position, connecting with the slope protection grid 1, and fixing the flexible grid 2;
s300, planting vegetation 3 in the slope protection grating 1 and/or the flexible grid 2 to form the protective grass belt 10.
Specifically, in step S100, when the slope protection grid 1 is fixed, the slope protection grid 1 including a plurality of interconnected cell units 101 is directly pressed into the soil inserted into the shallow trench slope and the trench bottom, and the slope protection grid has functions of soil fixation, corrosion reduction, and the like. As shown in fig. 5, the slope protection grid 1 adopts a modularized design, is formed by splicing a plurality of grid cells 101, is prepared from environment-friendly plastics with excellent selection toughness and strength, each grid cell 101 is composed of two hexagonal grid cells, the side length of each grid cell is 6-10 cm, the height of each grid cell is 5-8 cm, and the thickness of each grid cell is 0.3-0.5 cm, so that the continuous splicing requirements of different application scenes can be met. The bottom of the six corners of the grid cell unit 101 is respectively fixed with a fixed nail 103 with the length of 8-10 cm, and the fixed nails can be inserted into soil under the pressing of external force until 80% -90% of the height of the slope protection grid 1 is embedded into surface soil in an erosion ditch, and 10% -20% of the rest heights are exposed out of the soil. The middle part of the cell unit 101 is provided with grooves 102 which are communicated up and down and open at the top, so that on one hand, the overall stability of the slope protection grating 1 can be improved, on the other hand, the trend of the grooves 102 communicated with the slope protection grating 1 is kept consistent with the falling direction of the ditch slope, the surface runoffs are discharged from the grooves 102, and the communicated grooves 102 play a role of discharging and guiding the surface runoffs. In addition, after the slope protection grating 1 is fixed on the soil surface in the erosion trench, the exposed part can retard the surface runoff flow velocity in the trench, and the erosion and scouring power of water flow is weakened, so that relatively stable vegetation 3 growth conditions are formed in the grating chamber.
In step S200, when the flexible grid 2 is laid and fixed, in order to improve the stability of the slope protection grid 1 at the intersection of the shallow trench edge and the trench outer slope, and prevent the local or whole detachment damage caused by the slope confluence scouring, the invention designs a flexible grid 2. When in use, the flexible grid 2 is paved at the ditch edge part and is connected with the upper ends of the slope protection grids 1 paved in the shallow ditch (namely, the two sides of the slope protection grids 1 when being unfolded, and the position of the slope protection grid 1 positioned at the upper end of the shallow ditch when being arranged in the shallow ditch), so that reinforcement and corrosion reduction effects are exerted while slope confluence is not hindered. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the flexible grid 2 is also prefabricated by adopting a modularized design, the environment-friendly plastic with excellent selective toughness and strength is prefabricated, the upper half part is in a regular rectangle, the lower half part is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, the two parts are integrally processed and manufactured or cut by the regular flexible grid 2, the lower half part of the flexible grid 2 is tightly attached to and connected with the outer edge of the slope protection grid 1, the length of each side of the flexible grid 2 is 0.5-1 m, the inside of the flexible grid 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of square grids, the side of the flexible grid is 3-5 cm, the thickness of the flexible grid is 0.2-0.4 cm, a first fixing needle 202 with the length of 8-10 cm is designed at each inflection point of the periphery of the flexible grid 2, and a second fixing needle 203 with the length of 1-2 cm is designed at the inflection point of the internal grid. When in use, the flexible grids 2 are paved on two sides of the ditch edge of the shallow ditch, and all the first fixing needles 202 and the second fixing needles 203 are pressed into the soil, so that the first fixing needles and the second fixing needles are completely attached to the undulating ground, and the stabilizing effect is mainly exerted.
It should be understood that the lower half of the flexible grid 2 should be correspondingly fitted with the hexagonal cells of the slope protection grid 1, so as to ensure that the two are tightly connected without gaps or gaps, and the left and right parts of the flexible grid 2 are correspondingly fitted with the adjacent flexible grids 2. The flexible mesh 2 may be designed according to the size and shape of the hexagonal cells.
In the step S300, when planting the vegetation 3, according to the cultivated land environment to be treated, the vegetation 3 may be planted in the slope protection grating 1 alone, the vegetation 3 may be planted in the flexible grid 2 alone, or the vegetation 3 may be planted in both the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grid 2, so as to form the protection grass belt 10, where the protection grass belt 10 is defined to be formed by the slope protection grating 1, the flexible grid 2 and the vegetation 3. It can be appreciated that planting vegetation 3 within the revetment grating 1 and the flexible grid 2 respectively has a better soil fixation effect. According to the invention, by combining engineering (laying the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grid 2) and biological (planting vegetation 3) measures, the problems of difficult vegetation 3 growth, large disturbance occupation, easy damage of measures and the like existing in the existing treatment method can be solved, the rapid stabilization of farmland shallow trenches and the restoration of vegetation 3 are realized, and the development and expansion of erosion trenches are effectively controlled.
It is understood that when planting the vegetation 3 in the step S300, unicast planting or mixed planting may be used. Can be used for planting barren-cold-resistant and treading-resistant grass seeds, such as: grass growing, goosegrass, plantain, zoysia japonica, ophiopogon japonicus, spearmint, bluegrass, helosis longum and the like, and can rapidly form a grass ditch capable of draining water and controlling shallow ditch expansion and development.
The invention provides a grass planting and water management corrosion reduction treatment method for farmland erosion ditches, which is characterized in that slope protection grids 1 are arranged in soil of shallow ditch slopes and ditch bottoms, flexible grids 2 are arranged in soil at ditch edges, and vegetation 3 is planted in the slope protection grids 1 and/or the flexible grids 2, so that a ditch fixing grass belt treatment method is formed; the method can solve the problems of difficult vegetation 3 growth, large disturbance occupation and easy damage of measures in the existing treatment method by combining engineering and biological measures, has the advantages of quick implementation, small disturbance, small occupation and low cost, is particularly suitable for treating objects of wide shallow erosion ditches in northeast black soil areas, realizes quick stabilization of farmland shallow ditches and vegetation 3 recovery, effectively controls erosion ditch expansion, and can take drainage and traffic functions into account.
In one embodiment of the present invention, before step S100, the method further includes: s10, measuring basic parameters of a target erosion ditch, and determining a paving mode/paving density of a protection grass belt, wherein the method specifically adopts a comprehensive paving mode or a segmented paving mode of the protection grass belt according to the length judgment of a shallow ditch; if the length of the shallow trench is greater than the set length, the sectional paving is carried out according to the gradient change of the shallow trench. In the step, whether the sectional paving or the comprehensive paving is adopted is judged according to the length of the shallow ditch, and generally, the sectional paving is adopted when the length of the shallow ditch is more than 50 meters, namely, the paved protective grass strips 10 are multi-section, and the intervals of the protective grass strips of each section are uniform; if the length of the shallow trench is not more than 50 meters, a full-surface paving mode is adopted, namely, the protective grass strips 10 are fully paved in the shallow trench, and the shallow trench is not segmented. If the gradient change of the shallow trench is large, as shown in fig. 3, the gradients of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the shallow trench are greatly changed, and then the sections are segmented according to the gradient change of the shallow trench, that is, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are respectively provided with the protection grass strips 10 in a segmented manner according to different laying densities, the densities of the protection grass strips 10 of each section are different, but the intervals between the protection grass strips 10 of the same section are kept consistent. If the gradient change of the shallow trench is small, the protection grass strips 10 are arranged in sections by adopting the same laying density in the shallow trench.
Specifically, step S10 specifically includes: if the length of the shallow groove is not more than the set length (the set length is 50 meters), the slope protection grating 1 is fully paved in the groove, and the flexible grids 2 are fully paved on two sides of the groove edge. In this embodiment, if the length of the shallow trench is shorter, that is, not more than 50 meters, the slope protection grid 1 entirely covers the trench bottom and the trench slope by adopting a manner of fully paving the shallow trench, the flexible grid 2 entirely covers both sides of the trench edge, and vegetation 3 is planted in the slope protection grid 1 and/or the flexible grid 2.
The step S10 specifically includes: if the length of the shallow trench exceeds the set length, calculating the laying density of the protection grass belt 10 according to the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, and uniformly laying the slope protection grids 1 with the set length along the length direction of the shallow trench according to the laying density of the protection grass belt 10, and laying the flexible grids 2 on two sides of the ditch edge of the corresponding slope protection grid 1. In this embodiment, if the length of the shallow trench is longer, that is, more than 50 meters, the width of the slope protection grating 1 of each section is 1-2 meters by adopting the shallow trench segmented laying mode, and the arrangement column number of the cell units 101 can be correspondingly adjusted, so that the reasonable setting of the width of the slope protection grating 1 of each section is ensured. The laying density of the protection grass belts 10 (namely the number of the protection grass belts 10) is quantitatively calculated according to factors such as shallow groove length, gradient and the like, the arrangement positions of the protection grass belts 10 are calibrated according to the calculation result, and the slope protection grids 1 and the flexible grids 2 are uniformly distributed at intervals to form the segmented protection grass belts 10. In a segmented paving manner, the top view of the protective grass belt 10 is shown in fig. 2, the paving side view is shown in fig. 3, and the paving cross-section schematic view is shown in fig. 4.
Further, for shallow trenches with a length greater than the set length and a larger gradient change, as shown in fig. 4, the gradients of the front section, the middle section and the rear section are different, so that the laying densities of the protective grass strips 10 of the front section, the middle section and the rear section can be calculated respectively. For example: the shallow trench gradient on the left side of fig. 4 is smaller, the paving density of the section is calculated, and the protective grass strips 10 are uniformly arranged according to the paving density of the section; calculating the paving density of the section by slightly increasing the slope of the shallow trench in the middle part, and uniformly arranging the protection grass strips 10 according to the paving density of the section; the shallow trench gradient on the right side is the largest, the laying density of the section is calculated, and the protective grass strips 10 are uniformly arranged according to the laying density of the section.
It can be understood that, whether the flexible grid 2 is laid in sections or comprehensively, the laying position of the flexible grid 2 should correspond to the slope protection grid 1, so as to ensure that the flexible grid 2 is tightly attached to the slope protection grid 1, specifically: when the sectional paving is adopted, the flexible grid 2 corresponds to the slope protection grid 1 for sectional paving; when the comprehensive paving is adopted, the flexible grid 2 corresponds to the slope protection grid 1 for comprehensive paving.
It should be understood that, for different environments (such as geographical environments), the judgment basis of the segmented paving and the overall paving can be adjusted accordingly, and the reasonable planning can be performed, which is not limited to the above 50 m length judgment basis.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the paving density of the guard grass tape 10 is calculated according to the following formula:
where ρ is the laying density of the protective grass strip 10 in bars/m; θ is shallow slope in degrees; v 0 The initial flow rate of slope confluence entering the shallow trench is m/s; v t The unit is the starting flow rate of sediment, which is m/s; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L is the straight line length of the shallow trench in the downhill direction, and the unit is m; k is the energy dissipation coefficient of the single protective grass belt 10, which comprehensively reflects the influence of the surface roughness in the ditch on the water flow resistance, 0<k<1. According to the formula, the invention provides a sectional laying mode based on energy conservation and comprehensively considering gradient, slope length and silt starting flow rate, and finally, slope protection grids 1 and flexible grids 2 are reasonably laid, vegetation 3 is rapidly and reasonably fixed, and a ditch curing method for a ditch fixing grass belt is formed.
The derivation process of the above formula is as follows:
the initial speed of the slope converging entering the shallow groove is v 0 The initial kinetic energy EK of the runoff is:
for shallow trenches with straight line length L along the downhill direction, slope converging enters from a trench until the tail of the trench is discharged, and the added potential energy EP is as follows:
wherein ρ is w Is the density of water, the unit is kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the U is the runoff quantity, and the unit is m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the θ is gradient in degrees; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L is the straight line length of the shallow ditch along the slope direction, and the unit is m.
If the runoff in the shallow ditch is not expanded by the development of the ditch, the erosion power of the runoff needs to be controlled and reduced. For this purpose, either the flow is controlled or the flow rate is reduced. For shallow trenches suffering from up-slope converging flushing in hillside farmlands, the control of runoff flow generally needs to change up-slope converging paths or arrange intercepting gutters, and the reasons such as occupation constraint are often difficult to implement, so that the runoff flow rate can only be reduced by blocking in erosion channels. If n protection grass strips 10 are arranged in the shallow groove with the straight length L along the slope direction, the slowing action coefficient (energy dissipation coefficient) of the single protection grass strips 10 on the runoff flow velocity is k, the laying density ρ of the protection grass strips 10 and the runoff kinetic energy ED after multistage reduction are respectively as follows:
ED＝(EK+EP)(1-k) n (4)
controlling the runoff speed discharged from the tail of the shallow trench below the starting speed of slope sediment erosion and transportation as a criterion, and determining the layout quantity of the protection grass strips 10, namely: after the interception delay of the plurality of protection grass belts 10, the flow velocity of the runoff discharged from the tail of the shallow trench cannot exceed the starting velocity v of erosion and transportation of the sediment on the slope t The corresponding radial flow kinetic energy EO is:
then the shallow trench can be considered to be no longer extended when ED.ltoreq.EO (6).
Substituting formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) into formula (6) yields:
in one embodiment of the invention, the slope protection grating 1 is inserted into the soil by using the fixing nails 103 and pressed by external force, so that 80% -90% of the height of the slope protection grating 1 is embedded into the surface soil in the erosion trench, and the rest 10% -20% of the height is exposed. The slope protection grating 1 is stably fixed in surface soil through the fixing nails 103, the exposed part of the slope protection grating 1 can resist the surface runoff flow velocity in the trench, and the erosion and scouring power of water flow is weakened, so that relatively stable vegetation 3 growing conditions are formed in the grating.
In one embodiment of the invention, the slope protection grating 1 is provided with grooves 102 for draining surface runoffs, and the direction of the grooves 102 is consistent with the falling direction of the ditch slope. By providing grooves 102 vertically communicating with each other at the center of each cell 101 in the slope protection grating 1, on the one hand, the overall stability of the slope protection grating 1 can be improved, and on the other hand, the direction of the grooves 102 communicating with each other in the slope protection grating 1 is kept consistent with the direction of the slope falling of the trench, and the surface runoff is discharged from the grooves 102, and the function of discharging and guiding the surface runoff is exerted by the communicated grooves 102.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible mesh 2 is pressed by external force using the fixing pins so that the flexible mesh 2 is fitted to the undulating floor. The flexible grid 2 is stably fixed on the undulating ground through the fixing needles and is tightly connected with the slope protection grid 1.
Based on the description of the embodiment, the grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion ditches provided by the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, a full-scale paving mode or a segmented paving mode is determined according to the length of the shallow trench. For the basic parameters such as shallow ditch length, gradient and the like which need to be laid in sections, measurement or inquiry is carried out, and then the laying density of the protection grass belt 10 is calculated by adopting a formula (6), and the laying position is calibrated. For shallow trenches with larger gradient change, the gradient sections can be divided according to the gradient change, and each gradient section calculates the paving density respectively.
Then, in the shallow trench, slope protection grids 1 are sequentially arranged at the calibration positions from the bottom of the trench upwards, compaction and fixation are carried out, and the trend of grooves 102 of the slope protection grids 1 is kept consistent with the falling direction of the trench slope.
Secondly, a flexible grid 2 is paved at the ditch edge position of the slope protection grid 1, and compacted, fixed and connected.
Finally, grass seeds are planted in the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grid 2 in a mixed mode.
The grass planting water reducing and etching system of the farmland erosion ditch provided by the invention is described below, the grass planting water reducing and etching system of the farmland erosion ditch described below and the grass planting water reducing and etching treatment method of the farmland erosion ditch described above can be correspondingly referred to each other, and the structures thereof refer to fig. 2 to 7.
The invention provides a grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing system for farmland erosion ditches. The system comprises: slope protection grid 1, flexible grid 2 and vegetation 3.
The slope protection grating 1 is fixed on a ditch slope and a ditch bottom, and the slope protection grating 1 is formed by splicing a plurality of grid cells 101; the flexible grid 2 is positioned at the ditch edge position, the outer contour of the flexible grid 2 is closely attached to the outer contour of the slope protection grid 1, and the flexible grid 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units 201; vegetation 3 is planted on the slope protection grating 1 and/or the flexible grid 2.
Specifically, the slope protection grating 1 is formed by splicing a plurality of hexagonal cell units 101, and is pressed and inserted into soil by external force through fixing nails 103 arranged at corners; the flexible grid 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units 201, the upper part of each grid unit 201 is a regular rectangle, the lower part of each grid unit 201 is an isosceles trapezoid, the purpose of the flexible grid is to be closely attached to the hexagonal grid units 101, and all the grid units 201 can be closely spliced. Of course, other shapes of the cell units 101 and the mesh units 201 may be designed to ensure a stable and tight connection.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cell units 101 are configured with through grooves 102, and after the plurality of cell units 101 are spliced, two adjacent upper and lower grooves 102 are communicated, and the trend of the communicated grooves 102 is consistent with the falling direction of the ditch. By constructing the grooves 102 in the cell units 101, on the one hand, the overall stability of the slope protection grating 1 can be improved, and on the other hand, the trend of the grooves 102 communicated with each other in the slope protection grating 1 is kept consistent with the falling direction of the ditch slope, and the surface runoffs are discharged from the grooves 102, and the communicated grooves 102 play a role in discharging and guiding the surface runoffs.
The grass planting and water managing corrosion reducing system for the farmland erosion ditch provided by the invention is matched with the grass planting and water managing corrosion reducing treatment method for the farmland erosion ditch, and the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grating 2 are correspondingly designed, so that grass planting quilt can be quickly and reasonably fixed in a shallow ditch, the grass planting and water managing system has the functions of draining, soil fixing and passing, the development and expansion of the erosion ditch can be effectively controlled, and the grass planting and water managing system has the advantages of quick implementation, small disturbance, small occupied area, low cost and the like, and can solve the problems of difficult vegetation 3 growth, large disturbance occupied area, easy damage in measures and the like existing in the conventional treatment method.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A grass planting water conditioning corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion ditches is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, judging whether a comprehensive laying mode of the protection grass strips or a sectional laying mode of the protection grass strips is adopted according to the length of the shallow grooves;
if the length of the shallow trench exceeds the set length, calculating the laying density of the protection grass belt according to the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, uniformly laying slope protection grids with the set length along the length direction of the shallow trench according to the laying density of the protection grass belt, and laying flexible grids on two sides of the ditch edge of the corresponding slope protection grids;
the laying density of the protective grass strips is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein ρ is the laying density of the protection grass belt, and the unit is strip/m; θ is shallow trench slope in degrees; v 0 Is the initial flow rate of slope confluence entering shallow trench, singleBits are m/s; v t The unit is the starting flow rate of sediment, which is m/s; g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L is the straight line length of the shallow trench in the downhill direction, and the unit is m; k is the energy dissipation coefficient of a single protection grass belt, comprehensively reflects the influence of the surface roughness in the ditch on the water flow resistance, and is 0<k<1；
If the length of the shallow groove does not exceed the set length, comprehensively paving slope protection grids in the groove, and comprehensively paving flexible grids on two sides of the groove edge;
s100, sequentially arranging slope protection grids at the calibration positions from the bottom of the ditch upwards, and fixing the slope protection grids;
s200, paving a flexible grid at the ditch edge position, connecting with the slope protection grid, and fixing the flexible grid;
s300, planting vegetation in the slope protection grating and/or the flexible grid to form a protective grass belt;
the slope protection grating is fixed on a ditch slope and a ditch bottom, and is formed by splicing a plurality of grid cells;
the grid cell is provided with a through groove, and after a plurality of grid cells are spliced, the upper and lower adjacent grooves are communicated, and the trend of the communicated grooves is consistent with the falling direction of the ditch slope.
2. The grass planting water reducing treatment method for farmland erosion furrows according to claim 1, characterized in that the slope protection grating is inserted into soil by using a fixing nail and being pressed by an external force, so that 80% -90% of the height of the slope protection grating is embedded into surface soil in the erosion furrows, and the rest of the slope protection grating is exposed at 10% -20% of the height of the slope protection grating.
3. The grass planting and water conditioning and corrosion reducing treatment method for farmland erosion furrows according to claim 1, wherein the flexible grid is pressed by external force through fixed needles, so that the flexible grid is attached to the undulating ground.
4. A system for application to a grass planting water abatement treatment method of a farmland erosion ditch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
the flexible grid is positioned at the ditch edge position, the outer contour of the flexible grid is closely attached to the outer contour of the slope protection grid, and the flexible grid is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units;
and vegetation, wherein the vegetation is planted on the slope protection grating and/or the flexible grid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210220288.8A CN114651673B (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Grass planting water-conditioning corrosion-reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210220288.8A CN114651673B (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Grass planting water-conditioning corrosion-reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114651673A CN114651673A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| CN114651673B true CN114651673B (en) | 2023-11-17 |
Family
ID=82029995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210220288.8A Active CN114651673B (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Grass planting water-conditioning corrosion-reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114651673B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104131572A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-05 | 福建农林大学 | Method for governing red soil strongly-eroded slope |
| CN104963325A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-07 | 河海大学 | Whole wire net of farmland draining trench for ecological slope protection and construction method of farmland draining trench |
| WO2017039530A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Systemnix Asia Pte Ltd | Permanent soil stabilization system and embankment protection and erosion control method using the same |
| RU2628354C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-08-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт мелиорированных земель" (ФГБНУ ВНИИМЗ) | Method for arranging anti-erosion water-saving pipeless closed drainage on catena in moraine soils |
| CN208038129U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-11-02 | 湖南新九方科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological canal |
| AU2020102166A4 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-10-15 | Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources | Intelligent black soil slope farmland erosion self-feedback system and implementation method thereof |
| CN214993944U (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-12-03 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | Slope surface drainage structure of high slope |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1565360A1 (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1990-05-23 | Саратовский Институт Механизации Сельского Хозяйства Им.М.И.Калинина | Method of gully consolidation |
| JP3003250U (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1994-10-18 | 黄尊景 | Slope surface erosion prevention facility |
| AUPP884399A0 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 1999-03-25 | Urriola, Christian | Drainage Structures |
| CN102383434A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-21 | 刘�文 | Net cushion for highway protecting slope |
| CN103321195B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2016-05-18 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | A kind of agricultural ecological interception irrigation canals and ditches and construction method thereof that adopts bulkhead tech |
| CN102900060A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Geo-cell type ecological ditch |
| CN103352444B (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-07-15 | 管大为 | Lattice type river bank revetment structure and construction method thereof |
| CN203977365U (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 俞宗邑 | Embedded grid prefabricated section |
| CN104196039B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-09-14 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | The geotechnical grid structure that a kind of self-ignition coal gangue hill ecological management is special |
| CN204435394U (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-07-01 | 黑龙江省公路勘察设计院 | The hexagon hollowcore precast slope-protection block of energy protection against erosion |
| CN105386449B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-03-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Gully ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof |
| CN205399442U (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-27 | 西安科技大学 | Loess slope vegetation plants guarantee PVC plate structure system |
| CN205857127U (en) * | 2016-07-31 | 2017-01-04 | 赵亮 | Hydraulic engineering grid |
| CN208219675U (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-12-11 | 衡水昌华工程材料有限公司 | A kind of grille ecological slope protection |
| CN109811715A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-28 | 东北师范大学 | A kind of erosion groove administer in build plant check dam using earth working material method |
| CN210507393U (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-05-12 | 云南华远工程材料有限公司 | Multipurpose geogrid and grid assembly |
| CN213267945U (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-05-25 | 北矿城生态科技集团有限公司 | Rock slope protective structure for mine restoration |
| CN113830901A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2021-12-24 | 沈阳农业大学 | Construction method of ecological ditch for treating agricultural surface pollution source |
-
2022
- 2022-03-08 CN CN202210220288.8A patent/CN114651673B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104131572A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-05 | 福建农林大学 | Method for governing red soil strongly-eroded slope |
| CN104963325A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-07 | 河海大学 | Whole wire net of farmland draining trench for ecological slope protection and construction method of farmland draining trench |
| WO2017039530A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Systemnix Asia Pte Ltd | Permanent soil stabilization system and embankment protection and erosion control method using the same |
| RU2628354C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-08-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт мелиорированных земель" (ФГБНУ ВНИИМЗ) | Method for arranging anti-erosion water-saving pipeless closed drainage on catena in moraine soils |
| CN208038129U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-11-02 | 湖南新九方科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological canal |
| AU2020102166A4 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-10-15 | Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources | Intelligent black soil slope farmland erosion self-feedback system and implementation method thereof |
| CN214993944U (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-12-03 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | Slope surface drainage structure of high slope |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 黄土高原浅沟发育主要影响因素及其防治措施研究;许建民;;水土保持学报(04);第39-41页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114651673A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103321195B (en) | A kind of agricultural ecological interception irrigation canals and ditches and construction method thereof that adopts bulkhead tech | |
| CN111386954A (en) | Erosion inferior land water and soil conservation ecological management system | |
| US20050044781A1 (en) | Ecological brick for slope lands | |
| CN110981097A (en) | Multistage ecosystem that prevents and control agricultural non-point source phosphorus and run off | |
| CN112970469A (en) | Ecological restoration structure for hydro-fluctuation belt in reservoir area | |
| CN114651673B (en) | Grass planting water-conditioning corrosion-reducing treatment method and system for farmland erosion ditch | |
| CN115316066B (en) | Comprehensive water and soil resource renovation method for loess hilly and gully region channel | |
| CN113830901A (en) | Construction method of ecological ditch for treating agricultural surface pollution source | |
| CN103650694B (en) | A kind of erosion gully reclamation method | |
| CN111379238B (en) | Trench head protection structure for developing erosion gully and construction method thereof | |
| CN210946839U (en) | Municipal administration side slope protective structure | |
| CN105804033B (en) | Integral type W type agricultural ecological water-break irrigation canals and ditches | |
| CN105714736A (en) | Novel ecological ditch and building method thereof | |
| CN105386449B (en) | Gully ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN215759072U (en) | Ecological slope protection structure of scour prevention | |
| CN212344736U (en) | Erosion inferior land water and soil conservation ecological management system | |
| CN208981309U (en) | A kind of punched-type protecting film runoff interception structure | |
| CN108575578A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of hillside fields greening | |
| CN112726775A (en) | Ecological drainage ditch and construction method | |
| CN111155499A (en) | Wide terrace for ridge-planted long gentle slope cultivated land and construction method thereof | |
| CN105464061A (en) | Catchwater construction method utilizing unpowered soil flow | |
| CN204982919U (en) | Ecological slope protection structure of dissected valley | |
| CN218990048U (en) | Mountain stream river structure considering river flood safety and ecological landscape | |
| CN209854741U (en) | Side-wing embedded type stable slope drainage ditch | |
| CN210432648U (en) | Novel comprehensive rice and fish culture ditch |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |