CN114651673A - Grass planting water treatment corrosion reduction treatment method and system for farmland erosion gully - Google Patents
Grass planting water treatment corrosion reduction treatment method and system for farmland erosion gully Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of farmland treatment, and provides a grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction treatment method and a grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction treatment system for a farmland erosion gully. The treatment method comprises the following steps: sequentially laying slope protection grids at the calibration positions from the bottom of the ditch to the top, and fixing the slope protection grids; laying a flexible grid at the position of the ditch edge, connecting the flexible grid with a slope protection grid, and fixing the flexible grid; and planting vegetation in the slope protection grating and/or the flexible grid to form a protection grass belt. The invention provides a method and a system for controlling erosion of grass planting water of a farmland erosion gully, which can solve the problems of difficult vegetation growth, large perturbation land occupation and easy damage of measures by combining engineering and biological measures, provide a method for calculating the segmental arrangement of a slope protection grass belt, have the advantages of quick implementation, small perturbation, small land occupation and low cost, are suitable for controlling the wide and shallow erosion gully in a northeast black soil area, can realize the quick stabilization of the farmland shallow ditch and the vegetation recovery, effectively control the expansion of the erosion gully, and have the functions of drainage and passing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of farmland treatment, in particular to a grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction treatment method and a grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction treatment system for a farmland erosion gully.
Background
The erosion gully is a gully terrain formed by local undercutting of slope soil due to lack of vegetation cover protection and terrain change under concentrated confluence flushing of the ground surface and gradual expansion, is a concrete performance of serious water and soil loss, and has become an important threat to farmland damage and land degradation. The reclamation history of black soil areas in northeast China is only hundreds of years, grasslands are mainly reclaimed before reclamation, and after the grasslands are reclaimed as cultivated lands, the water and soil loss is aggravated and the erosion ditches are induced to develop due to the reduction of vegetation coverage and the enhancement of cultivation disturbance. The erosion gully directly damages cultivated land, reduces cultivation area, reduces harm of soil fertility, and also causes broken cultivated land, thereby hindering machine-ploughing operation, limiting consequences of large-scale and intensive modern agriculture development, damaging surrounding traffic, water conservancy and human settlement facilities, and seriously affecting regional ecology and grain safety. In general, the erosion gully in the black soil area in northeast China is large in quantity, wide in development and active, and becomes an important threat of efficient and continuous utilization of black soil, and the development of farmland erosion gully control in the black soil area in northeast China has urgent needs and important significance. The shallow trench is the primary stage of erosion groove development, and is also the most common erosion groove type, if not controlled in time, the shallow trench will rapidly evolve and expand to form a cut groove or even a gully, and is finally difficult to control. Therefore, shallow trench control is the key point and key point for erosion control. At present, the method for preventing and controlling the shallow trench of the farmland mainly comprises the following steps: continuous willow weaving and water dropping, channel vegetation recovery, straw landfill and reclamation and the like. The continuous willow-woven water-fall and channel vegetation recovery mainly faces the challenges of unstable protection effect and unsatisfactory vegetation recovery effect caused by runoff washing; the straw landfill reclamation is mainly suitable for cutting ditches, and has the defects of large excavation disturbance, complex implementation process, high investment cost and the like for shallow trenches. In addition, most shallow ditches are still at the position where slope runoff is collected after treatment, the prevention and treatment method which does not solve the runoff drainage problem cannot achieve the effect, and the erosion gully is probably formed after the redevelopment. Therefore, a novel control method for the confluence shallow trench of the black land farmland is needed to be developed, and the technical requirements of quick vegetation planting, stable control of the trench, ordered runoff drainage and the like which are ubiquitous at present are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for controlling erosion of grass planting water in a farmland erosion gully, which are used for solving the defects of poor protection effect, complex construction and high cost of a shallow ditch prevention and control method in the farmland in the prior art.
The invention provides a grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction treatment method for a farmland erosion gully, which comprises the following steps:
s100, sequentially laying slope protection grids at the calibration positions from the bottom of the ditch to the top, and fixing the slope protection grids;
s200, paving a flexible grid at the position of a ditch edge, connecting the flexible grid with the slope protection grid, and fixing the flexible grid;
s300, planting vegetation in the slope protection grating and/or the flexible lattice to form a protection grass belt.
According to the grass planting and water treatment erosion abatement method for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, before the step S100, the method further comprises the following steps:
s10, judging whether to adopt a full-scale laying mode or a segmented laying mode according to the length of the shallow trench;
and if the length of the shallow trench is greater than the set length, performing segmented paving according to the gradient change of the shallow trench.
According to the grass planting water treatment erosion control method for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, the step S10 specifically comprises the following steps:
if the length of the shallow trench is not more than the set length, slope protection grids are comprehensively laid in the trench, and flexible grids are comprehensively laid on two sides of the trench edge.
According to the grass planting water treatment erosion control method for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, the step S10 specifically comprises the following steps:
if the length of the shallow trench exceeds the set length, the laying density of the protection grass belt is calculated according to the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, the protection grass belt is uniformly laid along the length direction of the shallow trench at intervals according to the laying density of the protection grass belt and the slope protection grids with the set length, and flexible grids are laid on two sides of the groove edge corresponding to the slope protection grids.
According to the grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction treatment method for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, the laying density of the protection grass belt is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein rho is the laying density of the protection grass belt, and the unit is strip/m; theta is the shallow trench slope and the unit is degree; v. of0The initial flow velocity of the slope converging entering the shallow trench is in m/s; v. oftThe silt starting flow rate is in m/s; g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a L is the straight line length of the shallow trench along the slope direction, and the unit is m; k is the energy dissipation coefficient of a single protection grass zone, comprehensively reflects the influence of the surface roughness in the ditch on the water flow resistance, 0<k<1。
According to the grass planting water conditioning and corrosion reducing treatment method for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, the slope protection grating is inserted into soil by utilizing the fixing nails and pressing through external force, so that 80% -90% of the height of the slope protection grating is embedded into surface soil in the erosion gully, and 10% -20% of the height of the rest slope protection grating is exposed.
According to the grass planting, water conditioning and corrosion reduction treatment method for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, the slope protection grating is provided with a groove for draining and guiding surface runoff, and the trend of the groove is consistent with the direction of slope fall of the gully.
According to the method for controlling erosion of grass planting water in the erosion gully of the farmland, provided by the invention, the flexible grid is pressed by the fixing needle through external force, so that the flexible grid is attached to the undulating ground.
The invention provides a grass planting water treatment and erosion reduction system of a farmland erosion gully, which comprises:
the slope protection grating is fixed on a ditch slope and a ditch bottom and is formed by splicing a plurality of cell units;
the flexible grid is positioned at the ditch edge, the outer contour of the flexible grid is tightly attached and connected with the outer contour of the slope protection grid, and the flexible grid is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units;
vegetation planted on the slope protection grid and/or the flexible grid.
According to the grass planting and water managing corrosion reducing system for the farmland erosion gully, provided by the invention, the grid cell units are provided with through grooves, after the grid cell units are spliced, the adjacent upper and lower grooves are communicated, and the trend of the communicated grooves is consistent with the slope descending direction of the gully slope.
The invention provides a method and a system for controlling erosion of grass planting water in a farmland erosion gully, which are used for controlling the erosion of grass planting water in a ditch fixing zone, wherein a slope protection grid is arranged in soil of a shallow ditch slope and a ditch bottom, a flexible grid is arranged in the soil of a ditch edge, and vegetation is planted in the slope protection grid and/or the flexible grid; by combining engineering and biological measures, the problems of difficult vegetation growth, large disturbance land occupation and easy damage of measures in the existing treatment method can be solved, the method has the advantages of quick implementation, small disturbance, small land occupation and low cost, is suitable for treating the wide and shallow erosion gully in the black soil area in the northeast, can realize quick stabilization and vegetation restoration of the shallow ditch of the farmland, effectively controls the expansion of the erosion gully, and has the functions of drainage and passing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a grass planting and water management erosion reduction treatment method for a farmland erosion gully provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the grass-planting water-management erosion reduction system of the farmland erosion gully provided by the present invention in a segmented paving manner;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the grass planting water erosion reducing system of the farmland erosion gully in a sectional paving manner in a shallow trench according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grass planting water erosion reducing system for a field erosion gully in a shallow trench with a segmented laying method according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of one of the cell units of the slope protection grid provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of one of the elements of the flexible mesh provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view of one of the cells of the flexible grid provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: slope protection grids; 2: a flexible grid; 3: vegetation;
10: a protective grass belt;
101: a cell unit; 102: a groove; 103: fixing nails;
201: a grid unit; 202: a first fixing pin; 203: a second fixing pin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The grass planting and water treatment erosion reduction treatment method of the farmland erosion gully of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1. The method comprises the following steps:
s100, sequentially laying a slope protection grid 1 at a calibration position from the bottom of a shallow trench to the top, and fixing the slope protection grid 1;
s200, paving a flexible grid 2 at the position of a ditch edge, connecting the flexible grid with a slope protection grid 1, and fixing the flexible grid 2;
s300, planting vegetation 3 in the slope protection grating 1 and/or the flexible grid 2 to form a protection grass belt 10.
Specifically, in step S100, when the slope protection grid 1 is laid and fixed, the slope protection grid 1 including a plurality of interconnected cell units 101 is directly pressed and inserted into soil on a shallow trench slope and a trench bottom, and functions such as soil stabilization and erosion reduction are provided. As shown in figure 5, the slope protection grating 1 adopts a modular design, is formed by splicing a plurality of cell units 101, is prefabricated by selecting environment-friendly plastics with good toughness and strength, and each cell unit 101 consists of two hexagonal cells, the side length of each cell is 6-10 cm, the height of each cell is 5-8 cm, and the thickness of each cell is 0.3-0.5 cm, so that the continuous splicing requirements of different application scenes can be met. The bottom of six corners of the grid cell unit 101 is respectively fixed with a fixing nail 103 with the length of 8-10 cm, and the fixing nail can be inserted into soil under external force pressing until 80-90% of the height of the slope protection grid 1 is embedded into surface soil in the erosion gully, and 10-20% of the rest height is exposed out of the soil. Wherein check room unit 101 middle part is constructed and is had upper and lower intercommunication, open recess 102 in top, can improve slope protection grid 1 overall stability on the one hand, and on the other hand the trend of the recess 102 that communicates in the slope protection grid 1 keeps unanimous with ditch slope direction, and surface runoff is discharged by recess 102, utilizes the recess 102 that communicates to exert the effect of arranging and leading surface runoff. In addition, after the slope protection grating 1 is fixed on the soil surface in the erosion gully, the exposed part can block the surface runoff velocity in the gully and weaken the erosion power of water erosion, thereby forming relatively stable vegetation 3 growing conditions in the grid chamber.
In step S200, when the flexible grid 2 is laid and fixed, in order to improve the stability of the slope protection grid 1 at the shallow trench edge and the junction of the slope outside the trench and prevent local or overall separation and damage due to slope confluence scouring, the invention designs the flexible grid 2. When the slope protection grid is used, the flexible grid meshes 2 are laid at the groove edge parts and are connected with the upper ends of the slope protection grids 1 laid in the shallow trenches (namely two sides of the slope protection grids 1 when the slope protection grids are unfolded; and the flexible grid meshes are positioned at the positions of the slope protection grids 1 at the upper ends of the shallow trenches when the slope protection grids are arranged in the shallow trenches), so that the slope surface confluence is not obstructed, and the reinforcing and corrosion reducing effects are exerted. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, this flexible graticule mesh 2 adopts the modularized design equally, select the environmental protection plastics prefabrication that toughness and intensity are good, the first half is regular rectangle, the latter half is isosceles trapezoid, and two parts are for integrated processing preparation or tailor with regular flexible graticule mesh 2 and make, the latter half of flexible graticule mesh 2 closely laminates and connects with the outer fringe of slope protection grid 1, each length of side length of flexible graticule mesh 2 is 0.5 ~ 1m, inside is arranged by several square graticule mesh and constitutes, its length of side is 3 ~ 5cm, thickness 0.2 ~ 0.4cm, flexible graticule mesh 2 is every turning point design all around has the long first fixed needle 202 of 8 ~ 10cm, inside graticule mesh turning point department design has the long second fixed needle 203 of 1 ~ 2 cm. When the fixing device is used, the flexible grid 2 is laid on two sides of the edge of the shallow trench, and all the first fixing needles 202 and the second fixing needles 203 are stepped into soil, so that the fixing device is completely attached to the undulating ground and mainly plays a role in stabilizing.
It should be understood that the lower half of the flexible grid 2 should be correspondingly attached to the hexagonal cells of the slope protection grid 1, so as to ensure that the two are tightly connected without gaps or gaps, and the left and right parts of the flexible grid 2 are correspondingly attached to the adjacent flexible grid 2. The flexible grid 2 may be designed in accordance with the size and shape of the hexagonal cells.
Step S300 is when planting vegetation 3, according to the arable land environment that will administer, can select to plant vegetation 3 alone in slope protection grid 1, plant vegetation 3 alone in flexible graticule mesh 2 or all plant vegetation 3 in slope protection grid 1 and flexible graticule mesh 2 to form protection grass belt 10, this protection grass belt 10 is defined as to constitute by slope protection grid 1, flexible graticule mesh 2 and vegetation 3 three. It can be understood that the vegetation 3 planted in the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grid 2 respectively has better soil fixation effect. By combining the measures of engineering (paving the slope protection grid 1 and the flexible grid 2) and biology (planting the vegetation 3), the invention can solve the problems of difficult growth, large disturbance occupied area, easy damage of measures and the like of the vegetation 3 in the existing treatment method, realize the quick stabilization of the shallow trench of the farmland, recover the vegetation 3 and effectively control the development and expansion of the erosion trench.
It is understood that, when the vegetation 3 is planted in step S300, unicast planting or mixed-seeding planting can be adopted. Can plant the barren cold-resistant, resistant grass seeds of stepping on and pressing, for example: hairy grass, goosegrass herb, plantain herb, zoysia japonica, ophiopogon japonicus, lance asiabell root, bluegrass, longjaw corn grass and the like, quickly form a grass ditch capable of draining water and passing, and prevent and control the expansion and development of the shallow ditch.
The invention provides a method for controlling erosion of grass planting water in a farmland erosion gully, which is a method for controlling a grass band with fixed gullies by arranging a slope protection grid 1 in soil of a shallow gully slope and a gully bottom, arranging a flexible grid 2 in soil of a gully edge and planting vegetation 3 in the slope protection grid 1 and/or the flexible grid 2; by combining engineering and biological measures, the problems of difficult growth, large disturbance land occupation and easy damage of measures of the vegetation 3 in the existing treatment method can be solved, the method has the advantages of quick implementation, small disturbance, small land occupation and low cost, is particularly suitable for treatment objects of the wide and shallow erosion gullies in the northeast black soil area, realizes quick and stable farmland shallow ditches and vegetation 3 restoration, effectively controls the expansion of the erosion gullies, and can take drainage and passing functions into consideration.
In one embodiment of the present invention, before step S100, the method further includes: s10, measuring basic parameters of the target erosion gully, and determining the laying mode/laying density of the protective grass belt, wherein the method specifically comprises the step of judging whether to adopt a comprehensive laying mode or a segmented laying mode of the protective grass belt according to the length of the shallow trench; and if the length of the shallow trench is greater than the set length, performing segmented paving according to the gradient change of the shallow trench. In the step, whether the sectional paving mode or the comprehensive paving mode is adopted is judged according to the length of the shallow trench, generally, the sectional paving mode is adopted when the length of the shallow trench is more than 50 meters, namely, the paved protective grass belts 10 are multiple sections, and the protective grass belts of each section are uniformly spaced; the length of the shallow trench is not more than 50 meters, and a full-surface laying mode is adopted, namely, the protective grass belt 10 is fully laid in the shallow trench without segmentation. If the slope of the shallow trench changes greatly, as shown in fig. 3, the slopes of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the shallow trench change greatly, and the protective grass belts 10 are arranged in a segmented manner according to the slope of the shallow trench, that is, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are respectively arranged in a segmented manner at different laying densities, the density of the protective grass belts 10 in each section is different, but the intervals between the protective grass belts 10 in the same section should be kept consistent. If the slope change of the shallow trench is small, the protective grass belts 10 are distributed in the shallow trench in a subsection mode by adopting the same laying density.
Specifically, step S10 specifically includes: if the length of the shallow trench does not exceed the set length (the set length is 50 meters), the slope protection grating 1 is fully paved in the trench, and the flexible grid 2 is fully paved on two sides of the trench edge. In this embodiment, if the length of shallow ditch is shorter, promptly is no longer than 50 meters, adopts the comprehensive mode of laying of shallow ditch, and slope protection grid 1 covers the shallow ditch bottom and groove slope comprehensively, and flexible graticule mesh 2 covers the ditch along both sides comprehensively to plant vegetation 3 in slope protection grid 1 and/or flexible graticule mesh 2.
Step S10 specifically includes: if the length of the shallow trench exceeds the set length, the laying density of the protection grass belt 10 is calculated according to the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, the protection slope grids 1 with the set length are uniformly laid at intervals along the length direction of the shallow trench according to the laying density of the protection grass belt 10, and the flexible grids 2 are laid on two sides of the groove edge of the corresponding protection slope grid 1. In this embodiment, if the length of the shallow trench is long, i.e. more than 50 meters, the shallow trench is laid in a segmented manner, and the width of each segment of the slope protection grating 1 is 1-2 meters, the number of rows of the cell units 101 can be correspondingly adjusted, so as to ensure that the width of each segment of the slope protection grating 1 is set reasonably. The laying density of the protective grass belts 10 (namely the number of the protective grass belts 10) is calculated quantitatively according to factors such as the length of a shallow trench and the slope, the arrangement positions of the protective grass belts 10 are calibrated according to the calculation results, and the slope protection grids 1 and the flexible grids 2 are arranged at uniform intervals to form the segmented protective grass belts 10. In the way of laying in sections, the top view of the grass protection belt 10 is shown in fig. 2, the side view of laying is shown in fig. 3, and the cross-sectional schematic view of laying is shown in fig. 4.
Further, for the shallow trench having the length larger than the set length and the slope varying greatly, as shown in fig. 4, if the slopes of the front section, the middle section and the rear section are different, the laying density of the protective grass belts 10 of the front section, the middle section and the rear section can be calculated respectively. For example: the shallow trench on the left side of the figure 4 is small in gradient, the laying density of the section is calculated, and the protective grass belts 10 are uniformly arranged according to the laying density of the section; calculating the laying density of the section with a slightly larger shallow trench gradient in the middle, and uniformly arranging the protective grass belts 10 according to the laying density of the section; the slope of the shallow trench on the right side is maximum, the laying density of the section is calculated, and the protective grass belts 10 are uniformly arranged according to the laying density of the section.
It can be understood that no matter section laying or comprehensive laying, flexible graticule mesh 2 lay the position and should correspond with slope protection grid 1, guarantee that flexible graticule mesh 2 is connected with slope protection grid 1 closely laminating, specifically: when the sectional paving is adopted, the flexible grid 2 is paved in a sectional way corresponding to the slope protection grid 1; when the adoption was laid comprehensively, flexible graticule mesh 2 corresponds slope protection grid 1 and lays comprehensively.
It should be understood that, for different environments (such as geographic environments), the judgment basis for the segmental paving and the comprehensive paving can be adjusted accordingly, and the reasonable planning can be performed, and the judgment basis is not limited to the above length judgment basis of 50 meters.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the laying density of the guard grass belts 10 is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein rho is the laying density of the protective grass belts 10 and the unit is strip/m; theta is the shallow trench slope in degrees; v. of0The initial flow velocity of the slope converging entering the shallow trench is in m/s; v. oftThe unit is the silt starting flow velocity, and the unit is m/s; g is gravity acceleration with the unit of m/s2(ii) a L is the straight line length of the shallow trench along the slope direction, and the unit is m; k is the energy dissipation factor of the single guard band 10, which comprehensively reflects the influence of the surface roughness in the ditch on the water flow resistance, 0<k<1. Through the formula, the invention provides a segmental laying mode based on energy conservation and comprehensively considering the slope, the slope length and the silt starting flow rate, finally reasonably laying a slope protection grid 1 and a flexible grid 2, quickly and reasonably fixing value vegetation 3, and forming the ditch-fixing grass belt.
The derivation process of the above formula is as follows:
the initial velocity of the slope confluence entering the shallow trench is v0And the unit is m/s, the initial kinetic energy EK of the runoff is as follows:
for a shallow trench with the straight line length in the down-slope direction being L, the sloping surface confluence is entered from the trench until the tail of the trench is discharged, and the increased potential energy EP is as follows:
in the formula, ρwIs the density of water in kg/m3(ii) a U is runoff volume in m3(ii) a θ is the slope, in °; g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a L is the length of the straight line of the shallow trench along the slope direction, and the unit is m.
If the runoff in the shallow trench does not cause the development and expansion of the trench any more, the erosion power of the runoff needs to be controlled and reduced. To do this, either the flow is controlled or the flow rate is reduced. For shallow trenches subjected to upslope confluence scouring in slope farmland, the control of runoff flow generally needs to change upslope confluence paths or arrange intercepting and draining ditches, is limited to land occupation restraint and other reasons, is often difficult to implement, and can only reduce the runoff velocity by intercepting and stopping in erosion ditches. If n protection grass belts (1) of the slope protection grids (10) are arranged in the shallow trenches with the straight line length L in the downslope direction, the slowing-down action coefficient (energy dissipation coefficient) of the protection grass belts (1) of the single slope protection grids (10) to the radial flow velocity is k, the laying density rho of the protection grass belts (10) and the radial flow kinetic energy ED after multi-stage reduction are respectively as follows:
ED＝(EK+EP)(1-k)n (4)
controlling the runoff speed discharged from the tail of the shallow trench below the starting speed of slope sediment erosion transportation as a discrimination standard, and determining the arrangement number of the protective grass belts 10, namely: after the interception and resistance of a plurality of protective grass belts 10, the flow velocity of runoff discharged at the tail of the shallow trench can not exceed the starting velocity v of slope silt erosion transportationtThe corresponding runoff kinetic energy EO is:
then when ED is less than or equal to EO (6), the shallow trench can be considered to no longer develop and expand.
Substituting the formulas (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) into the formula (6) can obtain:
in one embodiment of the present invention, the slope protection grating 1 is inserted into soil by means of the fixing nails 103 and pressing by external force, such that 80% -90% of the height of the slope protection grating 1 is embedded into the surface soil in the erosion gully, and the remaining 10% -20% of the height is exposed. Through staple 103 with slope protection grid 1 stable fixation in top soil, slope protection grid 1 exposure part can block the surface runoff velocity in the channel, weakens the rivers erosion and erodees power to form the 3 growth conditions of vegetation of relative stability in the check room.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the slope protection grid 1 is configured with grooves 102 for draining surface runoff, and the direction of the grooves 102 is consistent with the direction of slope fall of the trench slope. Through the recess 102 that communicates about the central point of each check room unit 101 sets up in slope protection grid 1, can improve slope protection grid 1 overall stability on the one hand, on the other hand the trend of the recess 102 that communicates in slope protection grid 1 keeps unanimous with the ditch slope direction of falling, and the surface runoff is discharged by recess 102, utilizes the recess 102 that is linked together to exert the effect of leading the surface runoff.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible grid 2 is pressed by an external force using a fixing pin, so that the flexible grid 2 is attached to the undulating ground. Fix flexible graticule mesh 2 stably on undulation ground through the fixed needle to with 1 zonulae occludens of bank protection grid.
Based on the description of the embodiment, the overall treatment method of grass planting and water treatment erosion treatment of the farmland erosion gully provided by the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
first, whether the overall or the sectional layout method is adopted is determined according to the length of the shallow trench. And for the grass strips needing to be laid in sections, carrying out measurement or query, determining basic parameters such as the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, calculating the laying density of the protective grass strips 10 by adopting a formula (6), and calibrating the laying position. For shallow trenches with large gradient changes, slope segments can be divided according to the gradient changes, and the laying density of each slope segment is calculated respectively.
Then, in the shallow trench, from the trench bottom upwards, slope protection grids 1 are sequentially arranged at the calibration position, compaction and fixation are carried out, and the trend of grooves 102 of the slope protection grids 1 is consistent with the slope descending direction of the trench slope.
Secondly, lay flexible graticule mesh 2 at the furrow edge position of slope protection grid 1 to compaction, fixed and connection.
Finally, the grass seeds are mixed sown or planted in the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grid 2.
The following describes the grass planting water erosion reducing system for a farmland erosion gully provided by the present invention, and the following described grass planting water erosion reducing system for a farmland erosion gully and the above described grass planting water erosion reducing treatment method for a farmland erosion gully can be referred to with reference to fig. 2 to 7.
The invention provides a grass planting water treatment erosion reduction system for a farmland erosion gully. The system comprises: slope protection grid 1, flexible graticule mesh 2 and vegetation 3.
Wherein, the slope protection grid 1 is fixed on the ditch slope and the ditch bottom, and the slope protection grid 1 is formed by splicing a plurality of grid cell units 101; the flexible grid 2 is positioned at the position of the ditch edge, the outer contour of the flexible grid 2 is tightly attached and connected with the outer contour of the slope protection grid 1, and the flexible grid 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units 201; vegetation 3 is planted on the slope protection grating 1 and/or the flexible grid 2.
Specifically, the slope protection grid 1 is formed by splicing a plurality of hexagonal cell units 101, and is pressed and inserted into soil by external force through fixing nails 103 arranged at corners; flexible graticule mesh 2 comprises a plurality of graticule mesh units 201 concatenation, graticule mesh unit 201 upper portion is regular rectangle, and the lower part is isosceles trapezoid, and aim at is connected with hexagonal check room unit 101 close fitting, and also can closely splice between each part graticule mesh unit 201. Of course, the cell unit 101 and the grid unit 201 may be designed in other shapes to ensure stable and tight connection.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cell unit 101 is configured with a through groove 102, and after a plurality of cell units 101 are spliced, two adjacent upper and lower grooves 102 are communicated and the direction of the communicated groove 102 is consistent with the direction of the groove slope. Through constructing recess 102 at check room unit 101, can improve slope protection grid 1 overall stability on the one hand, on the other hand the trend of the recess 102 that communicates in the slope protection grid 1 keeps unanimous with ditch slope direction, and the surface runoff is discharged by recess 102, utilizes the recess 102 that communicates to exert the effect of drainage surface runoff.
The grass planting water management erosion reduction system for the farmland erosion gully is matched with the grass planting water management erosion reduction treatment method for the farmland erosion gully, the slope protection grating 1 and the flexible grid 2 are correspondingly designed, grass quilts can be rapidly and reasonably planted in the shallow trench, the functions of draining, fixing soil and passing are achieved, development and expansion of the erosion gully are effectively controlled, the system has the advantages of being fast to implement, small in disturbance, small in occupied space, low in cost and the like, and the problems that vegetation 3 is difficult to grow, large in disturbance occupied space, easy to damage in measures and the like in the existing treatment method can be solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A grass planting water treatment corrosion reduction treatment method for a farmland erosion gully is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, sequentially laying slope protection grids at the calibration positions from the bottom of the ditch to the top, and fixing the slope protection grids;
s200, paving a flexible grid at the position of a ditch edge, connecting the flexible grid with the slope protection grid, and fixing the flexible grid;
s300, planting vegetation in the slope protection grating and/or the flexible lattice to form a protection grass belt.
2. The method for controlling erosion of vegetation water in an erosion gully of an agricultural field according to claim 1, further comprising, before step S100:
s10, judging whether to adopt a full-scale laying mode or a segmented laying mode according to the length of the shallow trench;
and if the length of the shallow trench is greater than the set length, performing segmented paving according to the gradient change of the shallow trench.
3. The method for controlling erosion of grass planting and water treatment of an erosion gully of a farmland as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S10 specifically comprises:
if the length of the shallow trench is not more than the set length, slope protection grids are comprehensively laid in the trench, and flexible grids are comprehensively laid on two sides of the trench edge.
4. The method for controlling erosion of grass planting and water treatment of an erosion gully of a farmland as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S10 specifically comprises:
if the length of the shallow trench exceeds the set length, the laying density of the protection grass belt is calculated according to the length and the gradient of the shallow trench, the protection grass belt is uniformly laid along the length direction of the shallow trench at intervals according to the laying density of the protection grass belt and the slope protection grids with the set length, and flexible grids are laid on two sides of the groove edge corresponding to the slope protection grids.
5. The method for grass planting, water treatment and erosion control of an erosion gully of a farmland as claimed in claim 4, wherein the laying density of the protection grass belts is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, rho is the laying density of the protection grass belt, and the unit is strip/m; theta is the shallow trench gradient and the unit is degree; v. of0The initial flow velocity of the slope converging entering the shallow trench is in m/s; v. oftThe silt starting flow rate is in m/s; g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a L is the length of the straight line of the shallow trench along the slope direction, and the unit is m; k is the energy dissipation coefficient of a single protection grass zone, comprehensively reflects the influence of the surface roughness in the ditch on the water flow resistance, 0<k<1。
6. The method for controlling erosion of vegetation water in an erosion gully of a farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope protection grating is inserted into soil by means of fixing nails and pressing by external force, so that 80-90% of the height of the slope protection grating is embedded into surface soil in the erosion gully and 10-20% of the height of the remaining slope protection grating is exposed.
7. The method for controlling erosion of vegetation water in a farmland erosion gully as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope protection grating is configured with grooves for draining surface runoff, and the direction of the grooves is consistent with the direction of slope fall of the gully slope.
8. The method for controlling erosion of grass planting water in an erosion gully of a farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flexible grid is pressed by an external force by means of a fixing pin so that the flexible grid is attached to the undulating ground.
9. The utility model provides a grass planting reason water erosion reduction system of farmland erosion gully which characterized in that includes:
the slope protection grating is fixed on the ditch slope and the ditch bottom and is formed by splicing a plurality of grid cell units;
the flexible grid is positioned at the position of a ditch edge, the outer contour of the flexible grid is tightly attached and connected with the outer contour of the slope protection grid, and the flexible grid is formed by splicing a plurality of grid units;
vegetation planted on the slope protection grid and/or the flexible grid.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the grid cell units are configured with through grooves, and after a plurality of grid cell units are spliced, the upper and lower grooves which are adjacent are communicated with each other, and the direction of the communicated grooves is consistent with the slope direction of the groove.
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