CN106358481B - A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358481B CN106358481B CN201610723196.6A CN201610723196A CN106358481B CN 106358481 B CN106358481 B CN 106358481B CN 201610723196 A CN201610723196 A CN 201610723196A CN 106358481 B CN106358481 B CN 106358481B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001965 increased Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100001004 fissure Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus pentoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144987 Brood Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010027304 Menopausal symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002730 additional Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method, the present invention be a kind of less investment it is high-efficient can desalination but also salt-soda soil of increasing fertilizer quick administering method, by establishing simple water storage salt discharge facility, rainy season natural precipitation is made full use of to make Soil Desalting, and the hydrobiontic algas such as water silk floss, moss is promoted to breed breeding, form water surface covering, covering retardance soil water evaporation prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil when water shortage, keep the desalting effect of rainy season soil, its death is decomposed can increase the soil organism again, soil texture is improved, is increase soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural land entire technique fields.More particularly, to a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method.
Background technique
Jiangsu coast possesses more than 1,000 ten thousand mu of beach, and 30% or more of the Zhan Zhongguo beach gross area, and it is annual still with 30,000 mu
Becoming silted up at Lu Sudu for left and right is grown, and the Tidal Flat Resources of this length and breadth of land are that the Nature assigns eastern region most potential soil standby money
Source to replenished cultivated land inadequate resource, ensures national food security, has irreplaceable role.However, the beach newly enclosed tideland for cultivation contains
Salt amount is high, soil depletion, needs the big of a large amount of fresh water or very high cost, especially jiangsu coast using routine techniques improvement
The new Climacteric symptoms topography in part is higher (such as 400,000 mu of strip mud of Jiangsu " first encloses ", the farm Jin Hai, Huanghai Sea field), each nearby
Great river (such as East Platform river, the river Liang Duo, the river Fang Tang) supply water difficult, it is necessary to rely on power water lift, higher cost, river at the same time
Natural precipitation (annual average precipitation is 1022.7 millimeters) utilization rate of Su Fengpei is not but high, and a large amount of precipitation pass through rainwash
Sea is returned, soil erosion waste is serious.
The alkaline land improving technology of existing maturation relies primarily on a large amount of fresh water irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, then rice cultivation, such as river
Su Sheng along the improving technology of the safe ten thousand mu of salt pan desalination kind rice in farm, need deep ploughing, dry field, freshwater soaking, rotary tillage repetition 3 times with
On and unconventional 50% or more fertilizer amount could obtain rice high yield, drought can't be planted in 3 years by nonetheless reclaiming
Grain is not able to achieve dry season Soil Desalting；Salt-soda soil hidden pipe salt discharge technology is to be arranged the salinity of lower infiltration by the hidden pipe of deep soil
To outer fissure, cost high investment is big, and not can increase the soil organism；The ameliorative measure of some salt-soda soil conditioners can only alleviate plant
The salt damage of object can not eradicate the salinity in soil, can not obviously increase the content of organic matter of soil；It is covered using crop material
Leaching and desalinization technical limitation it is stronger: need a large amount of agricultural crop straw, not wind resistance, difficult be laid with, be not easy chopping and returning, no storage
Outlet capacity can only improve leakage good sand soil；There is investment greatly, with much money in the ameliorative measures such as part cow dung, municipal sludge
The problems such as belonging to pollution.
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method, this method is that a kind of less investment is high-efficient both
Can desalination can increase fertilizer again the quick administering method in salt-soda soil.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method, this method are made by establishing water storage salt discharge facility in salt-soda soil using natural precipitation
The Soil Desalting in the salt-soda soil, and water plant is promoted to form covering on the salt-soda soil, contain reducing the salt-soda soil
Increase fertilizer while salt amount the salt-soda soil soil so that the soil in the salt-soda soil meets the standard of cultivable soil, the storage
Water salt discharge facility then transfers to cultivate facility.
Preferably, the salt-soda soil is Coastal beach salt-soda soil；The water storage salt discharge facility includes cofferdam, by closing cofferdam
The reservoir constructed and the open salt discharge ditch set on the cofferdam periphery.
Preferably, this method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) salt discharge ditch is excavated in the periphery in the salt-soda soil plot in the salt-soda soil plot for choosing pending improvement；
(2) earthwork superposition for excavating salt discharge ditch is stacked on the salt-soda soil plot on the inside of the salt discharge ditch, is superimposed heap
The earthwork put is used to construct the cofferdam of reservoir；
(3) natural precipitation is stored using the reservoir constructed out by the cofferdam；
(4) natural precipitation stored in reservoir described in nutrition, promotes waters in cofferdam to cover water plant comprehensively；
(5) the water conservation stalk when cofferdam transfers to cultivate, the drainage ditch when salt discharge ditch transfers to cultivate.
Preferably, step (1) the salt discharge ditch includes salt discharge tap drain and salt discharge Zhigou, and the salt discharge tap drain is set to the salt
Alkali the opposite two sides parallel connection in plot pass to external river, salt discharge Zhigou connection vertical with the salt discharge tap drain will press from both sides
Salt-soda soil plot between the salt discharge tap drain is divided into several fritter plot.
Preferably, the reservoir is constructed in the fritter plot formed by the salt discharge tap drain and the salt discharge Zhigou
On, the ditch depth of the salt discharge tap drain is greater than 1.5m；The ditch depth of the salt discharge Zhigou is in 0.5-1.0m.
Preferably, step (2) cofferdam is the closing cofferdam of interior stalk outer fissure lateral leakage protection；The depth of the reservoir exists
0.2-0.4m；The area of the reservoir is at 2-10 mus.
The cofferdam of lateral leakage protection forms ground surface shallow water pond using the natural precipitation in rainy season, reduces rainwash loss, so that
Rainwater in pond can only be evaporated or be leaked downwards, take full advantage of the function of precipitation washed off soil salinity, enclose outer open salt discharge
The salinity of lower infiltration is arranged outside river by zanjon, is enhanced the lower effect for seeping salt discharge, is suitble to the saline-alkali soil desalination of various properties.
Preferably, the natural precipitation stored in reservoir described in step (4) described nutrition, promotes waters in cofferdam to cover comprehensively
Lid water plant includes:
A. it needs to introduce into reservoir when constructing reservoir on the salt-soda soil plot administered for the first time and water plant is provided
Preliminary breeding source, or the brood body of artificial addition water plant；
B. artificial getting fat is carried out before Withdrawal, and water plant raised growth is made to form water surface covering.
Preferably, water plant described in step a is hydrobiontic alga；The hydrobiontic alga is can be with the aquatic algae of fast-growth
Class；Described can include water silk floss, moss with the hydrobiontic alga of fast-growth；
Artificial getting fat described in step b is that phosphate fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer is used cooperatively, artificial increasing the p application rate, nitrogenous fertilizer.
Preferably, the artificial increasing the p application rate, nitrogenous fertilizer dose be 30kg/ mus of phosphorus pentoxide, 10kg/ mus of urea.
Artificially applying fertilizer makes the water eutrophication in cofferdam, promotes the hydrobiontic algas such as water silk floss, moss to breed fast long, especially
The 5-9 month of rain hotsync, using the beach natural resources abundant such as rainwater, temperature, illumination, hydrobiontic alga can rapidly be bred fastly
Speed is paved with the water surface, these form surface protection layer after being covered in the water plant to dehydration dry season death of the water surface, it is therefore prevented that drought
Soil evaporation accumulation of salt in the surface soil when season water shortage, the residue after death easily decompose, and easily plough returning to the field, can effectively increase the soil organism
It increases soil fertility；
(5) the water conservation stalk when cofferdam transfers to cultivate, the drainage ditch when salt discharge ditch transfers to cultivate；
Administering salt-soda soil and the facilities such as the cofferdam constructed and salt discharge ditch is permanently effective, farmland after can be used for improveing
It is retained the ridge and drainage ditch, the initial plan of farmland regulation is included in, a large amount of cost of investment can be saved, if whole good agriculture
Field soil still contains a large amount of salt, it is desirable to reduce soil salt content using the method for the present invention, then can use drainage ditch and arrange
Salt tap drain increases the salt discharge Zhigou dug for farmland to be separated into fritter plot on existing farmland.
Preferably, the method also includes the long-time service of detection and water storage salt discharge facility to the Saline-alkali Field Control,
The detection includes:
The salt of 0-20cm topsoil below the hydrobiontic alga increased surface covering grown up to upper one year is detected before spring ploughing
Score value, if soil salt content is higher than 1.5 ‰, repeats if soil salt content less than 1.5 ‰, can carry out farming
The step of water storage, fertilising, is until soil salt meets cultivation standard value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1, the present invention, which proposes to take, excavates salt discharge ditch, establishes the cofferdam of interior ridge outer fissure lateral leakage protection, utilizes the natural drop in rainy season
Water forms ground surface shallow water pond, reduces rainwash loss, so that the rainwater in pond can only be evaporated or be leaked downwards, makes full use of
The function of precipitation washed off soil salinity encloses outer open salt discharge zanjon for the salinity of lower infiltration and arranges outside river, enhances lower infiltrations and arrange
The effect of salt is suitble to the saline-alkali soil desalination of various properties.
2, the invention is characterized in that artificial increasing the p application rate, nitrogenous fertilizer, promote water body richness to seek under conditions of temperature, illumination are suitable for
Feedingization makes it breed the hydrobiontic algas such as water silk floss, moss and fast-growth breeding, all standing for enclosing the inner region water surface is formed, to it
After dry season is dehydrated its death, fine and close coating is intensively formed with earth's surface, capped soil water evaporation has been blocked in covering, from
And achievees the purpose that inhibit the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, increases content of organic matter improvement soil.
3, the facilities such as zanjon cofferdam water storage salt discharge proposed by the present invention are disposably to put into permanently effective use, investment
Small, utilization efficiency is high, has good economic and practical.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of water storage salt discharge facility；
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of water storage salt discharge facility.
In figure, the cofferdam 1-；2- reservoir；3- salt discharge tap drain；4- salt discharge Zhigou；5- water plant；The salt-soda soil 6-.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, below with reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is described further.Ability
Field technique personnel should be appreciated that following specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive, this should not be limited with this
The protection scope of invention.
Jiangsu coast possesses more than 1,000 ten thousand mu of beach, and 30% or more of the Zhan Zhongguo beach gross area, and it is annual still with 30,000 mu
Becoming silted up at Lu Sudu for left and right is grown, but the beach salt content enclosed tideland for cultivation is high, soil depletion, and agriculture could be used as by needing to carry out soil improvement
Plough land used, and higher (such as 400,000 mu of strip mud, the gold of Jiangsu " first encloses " of most of new Climacteric symptoms topography of jiangsu coast
Extra large farm, Huanghai Sea field etc.), it is desirable to it supplies water from each great river (such as East Platform river, the river Liang Duo, the river Fang Tang) nearby difficult, it is necessary to according to
By power water lift, higher cost, at the same time Jiangsu but there is plentiful natural precipitation (annual average precipitation 1022.7
Millimeter).
Thus in terms of improve beach, one side is since it is desired that a large amount of fresh water, by power and high cost from each river
Middle water intaking, on the other hand, to natural precipitation underutilization, a large amount of precipitation return sea by rainwash, cause soil erosion,
Waste is serious.
The method of the present invention be then a kind of less investment it is high-efficient can desalination but also salt-soda soil of increasing fertilizer quick administering method, lead to
It crosses and establishes simple water storage salt discharge facility, rainy season natural precipitation is made full use of to make Soil Desalting, and promote water silk floss, moss etc. and is aquatic
Algae infestation breeding forms water surface covering, and covering retardance soil water evaporation prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil when water shortage, keeps rainy season soil
Desalting effect, death is decomposed can increase the soil organism again, improve soil texture, increase soil fertility, and improve saline and alkaline
The water storage salt discharge facility on ground, can be used as the facility of agricultural production and cultivation after improvement, has disposable investment, has for a long time
Effect uses, and puts into small, the high economic and practical of utilization efficiency.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the storing facilities of water in the method for the present invention includes the closing cofferdam 1 of lateral leakage protection, and shape is constructed in cofferdam
At reservoir 2 and cofferdam outside open salt discharge tap drain 3, salt discharge Zhigou 4 forms.
The method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) salt discharge ditch is excavated in the periphery in the salt-soda soil plot in the salt-soda soil plot for choosing pending improvement；
Salt discharge ditch includes salt discharge tap drain 3 and salt discharge Zhigou 4, and salt discharge tap drain 3 is set to the opposite two sides in 6 plot of salt-soda soil simultaneously
Connection to external river, the connection vertical with the salt discharge tap drain 3 of salt discharge Zhigou 4 will be sandwiched in the salt-soda soil between salt discharge tap drain 36
Plot is divided into several fritter plot, and reservoir is then constructed to be divided on the fritter plot at these；
(2) earthwork superposition for excavating salt discharge ditch is stacked on 6 plot of salt-soda soil on the inside of the salt discharge ditch as constructing
The cofferdam 1 of reservoir 2 is formed, and tamps the earthwork that superposition is stacked, to form firm cofferdam；
(3) natural precipitation is stored using reservoir 2；
The excavation salt discharge ditch that the present invention takes establishes interior ridge outer fissure lateral leakage protection cofferdam, rainy season natural precipitation is utilized to form ground
The method of table on-swimmer's pool reduces rainwash loss, so that the rainwater in reservoir can only be evaporated or be leaked downwards, so both
Precipitation is taken full advantage of, by precipitation come washed off soil salinity, further through salt discharge ditch open outside cofferdam by the salinity of lower infiltration
Outside river is arranged, the lower effect for seeping salt discharge is enhanced, thus, this method is suitable for the saline-alkali soil desalination of various properties；
Operation in concrete practice is as follows:
The strip field for choosing rectangle on the ground in selected beach excavates salt discharge ditch, salt discharge ditch in selected plot surrounding
With external river connection, salt discharge ditch includes salt discharge tap drain 3 and salt discharge Zhigou 4, can excavate salt discharge ditch according to the shape of field, such as
Field is strip, then salt discharge tap drain 3 is excavated on the length direction of field, and width direction excavates salt discharge Zhigou 4, salt discharge Zhigou 4
It is communicated with salt discharge tap drain 3 and vertical, as one piece 50 meters * 60 meters of strip fields form 3 pieces of 50 meters of * after the separation of salt discharge Zhigou 4
20 meters of fritter plot；The depth of general salt discharge tap drain is needed at 1.5 meters or more, and internal branch trench depth is then at 0.6 meter or so；
It digs the earthwork superposition that salt discharge ditch is dug out to be stacked on the inside of salt discharge ditch, the cofferdam 1 as reservoir 2；Cofferdam 1 is it is noted that prevent side
Leakage, so to tamp the earthwork for being superimposed and being deposited on 6 plot of salt-soda soil when digging salt discharge ditch, the reservoir 2 inside cofferdam 1 is general deep
Degree at 0.3 meter or so, plan according to the salinity of mud-flat soil height and topography and geomorphology by size and shape, salinity height then reservoir
2 area accordingly reduces, and salinity is low, and the area of reservoir 2 can expand, the area control of general reservoir 2 10 mu with
It is interior；The reservoir 2 built up is used to collect natural precipitation, and establishes water layer using the natural precipitation in the rainy season of collection；Fresh water water layer
The water plants 5 such as water silk floss, green alga, moss can have both been bred under conditions of temperature, illumination are suitable for forms water surface covering；In addition to full
Sufficient water plant 5 grows outside required water layer, the extra fresh water collected in reservoir can leak downwards again by native table and on
Soluble organic fraction in layer soil is shifted to deep layer, and the salt discharge ditch finally entered outside pond arranges outside river；
(4) natural precipitation stored in nutrition reservoir 2 promotes waters in cofferdam 1 to cover water plant comprehensively；
Fresh water water layer can both breed the water plants 5 such as water silk floss, green alga, moss under conditions of temperature, illumination are suitable for, such as
Fruit takes measures to promote water eutrophication, accelerates the growth of the hydrobiontic algas such as water silk floss, moss and fast-growth breeding in water body,
The all standing for forming the 1 inner region water surface of cofferdam intensively can form densification with earth's surface after waiting until that the dehydration of these algaes of dry season is dead
Coating, and formed coating can block mulched ground moisture evaporation, thus reach inhibit the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, increase
The purpose of content of organic matter improvement soil；
Its raised growth before Withdrawal is allowed to form water surface covering in order to accelerate the reproduction speed of water plant 5, because
And to make water eutrophication in cofferdam 1 under conditions of illumination, proper temperature, thus the present invention using artificial increasing the p application rate,
The measure of nitrogenous fertilizer；For the reservoir 2 created on the beach improved for the first time, need to introduce irrigation water to provide hydrobiontic alga
Preliminary breeding source, or the brood body of artificial addition hydrobiontic alga；Phosphate fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer is required to be used cooperatively when fertilising, the fertilizer amount of application is
Phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 30 kgs/acre, 10 kgs/acre of urea.
(5) water conservation stalk when cofferdam 1 transfers to cultivate, draining when salt discharge tap drain 3 and salt discharge Zhigou 4 transfer to cultivate
Canal；
Administer salt-soda soil 6 and the cofferdam 1 constructed and salt discharge tap drain 3, the equal facilities of salt discharge Zhigou 4 be it is permanently effective, can be with
The water conservation ridge and drainage ditch for farmland after improveing are included in the initial plan of farmland regulation, can save a large amount of cost of investment,
If whole good agricultural land soil still contains a large amount of salt, it is desirable to reduce soil salt content using the method for the present invention, then may be used
To do salt discharge tap drain using drainage ditch, increases on existing farmland and dig for farmland to be separated into the salt discharge Zhigou in fritter plot i.e.
It can.
For the farmland after improvement, scientific detection is carried out, to ensure compliance with farmland cultivation standard, is generally cultivated in the Spring Festival
The soil salt score value for detecting the 0-20cm of arable layer below the hydrobiontic alga increased surface covering grown up to for 1 year before, if saliferous
Amount can carry out corresponding farming measure below 1.5 ‰, and water storage is repeated if standard of the salinity higher than 1.5 ‰, is applied
The step of fertilizer is until soil salt meets farming standard.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is all to belong to this hair
The obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out are still in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method, which is characterized in that this method is by establishing water storage salt discharge facility in salt-soda soil, using certainly
Right precipitation makes the Soil Desalting in the salt-soda soil, and water plant is promoted to form covering on the salt-soda soil, described in reduction
Increase fertilizer while the salt content of salt-soda soil the salt-soda soil soil so that the soil in the salt-soda soil meets the mark of cultivable soil
Standard, the water storage salt discharge facility then transfer to cultivate facility；
This method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) salt discharge ditch is excavated in the periphery in the salt-soda soil plot in the salt-soda soil plot for choosing pending improvement；
(2) earthwork superposition for excavating salt discharge ditch is stacked on the salt-soda soil plot on the inside of the salt discharge ditch, is superimposed stacking
The earthwork is for constructing the cofferdam of reservoir；
(3) natural precipitation is stored using the reservoir constructed out by the cofferdam；
(4) natural precipitation stored in reservoir described in nutrition, promotes waters in cofferdam to cover water plant comprehensively；
(5) the water conservation stalk when cofferdam transfers to cultivate, the drainage ditch when salt discharge ditch transfers to cultivate；
Wherein, the water plant is hydrobiontic alga.
2. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the salt-soda soil is that Coastal beach is saline and alkaline
Ground；The water storage salt discharge facility includes cofferdam, by closing the reservoir constructed of cofferdam and set on the open of the cofferdam periphery
Salt discharge ditch.
3. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) the salt discharge ditch includes salt discharge
Tap drain and salt discharge Zhigou, the opposite two sides parallel connection that the salt discharge tap drain is set to the salt-soda soil plot pass to external river, institute
Salt discharge Zhigou connection vertical with the salt discharge tap drain is stated, the salt-soda soil plot being sandwiched between the salt discharge tap drain is divided into several
Fritter plot.
4. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the reservoir is constructed by the salt discharge
On the fritter plot that tap drain and the salt discharge Zhigou are formed, the ditch depth of the salt discharge tap drain is greater than 1.5m；The salt discharge branch
The ditch depth of ditch is in 0.5-1.0m.
5. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) cofferdam is interior stalk outer fissure
The closing cofferdam of lateral leakage protection；The depth of the reservoir is in 0.2-0.4m；The area of the reservoir is at 2-10 mus.
6. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reservoir described in step (4) described nutrition
The natural precipitation of middle storage, promotes in cofferdam waters to cover water plant comprehensively to include:
A. it needs to introduce into reservoir when constructing reservoir on the salt-soda soil plot administered for the first time and the first of water plant is provided
Walk breeding source, or the brood body of artificial addition water plant；
B. artificial getting fat is carried out before Withdrawal, and water plant raised growth is made to form water surface covering.
7. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the hydrobiontic alga is can be with fast-growth
Hydrobiontic alga；Described can include water silk floss, moss with the hydrobiontic alga of fast-growth；
Artificial getting fat described in step b is that phosphate fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer is used cooperatively, artificial increasing the p application rate, nitrogenous fertilizer.
8. the saline-alkali soil treatment method stated according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the fertilising of the artificial increasing the p application rate, nitrogenous fertilizer
Amount is 30kg/ mus of phosphorus pentoxide, 10kg/ mus of urea.
9. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method also includes to the salt-soda soil
The detection of improvement and the long-time service of water storage salt discharge facility, the detection include:
The salt score value of 0-20cm topsoil below the hydrobiontic alga increased surface covering grown up to upper one year is detected before spring ploughing,
If soil salt content less than 1.5 ‰, can carry out farming, if soil salt content be higher than 1.5 ‰, repeatedly water storage,
The step of fertilising, is until soil salt meets cultivation standard value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610723196.6A CN106358481B (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN109716891A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-07 | 东营百胜客农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method |
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| CN202455774U (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-10-03 | 孙剑桥 | Anti-soaking saline-alkali water drainage device for improved saline-alkali soil paddy field bed |
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