CN101496477A - Method for cultivating green Chinese onion - Google Patents
Method for cultivating green Chinese onion Download PDFInfo
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- CN101496477A CN101496477A CNA2008100491760A CN200810049176A CN101496477A CN 101496477 A CN101496477 A CN 101496477A CN A2008100491760 A CNA2008100491760 A CN A2008100491760A CN 200810049176 A CN200810049176 A CN 200810049176A CN 101496477 A CN101496477 A CN 101496477A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welsh onion culture method. The welsh onion culture method is characterized in moderate plane surface planting. Each plane culture bed is provided with a culture safety ditch capable of draining stagnant water and removing waterlogging so as to remove the unsafe risk of serious poor harvest, half harvest and even no harvest caused by the waterlogging resulting from the deep fixed planting ditch and the deep culture in the prior art. A method for intensive transverse welsh onion row planting with an ecological row pitch and intensive earthing is utilized to overcome the defects that in the prior art, the earthing management requires big row pitch culture; the land, light, heat resources utilization level is very low; and the yield is not high. The preparation work for the ditch bed where welsh onion is fixedly planted or directly planted can be thoroughly completed by machines, and therefore much labor is saved for welsh onion planting, a good safe, labor-saving and high-yield method is found for the production of welsh onion, and the method has good generalization and application prospect.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to a kind of vegetable growing method, is a kind of shallot cultivation method specifically.
Background technology:
The concrete practice of existing shallot culture technique is: bringing out long about 20 centimetres of false stem, but individual plant weigh 25 the gram about transplanting stock after, just on the field planting field, dig dark wide each ditch furrow of 20 centimetres by line-spacing 70-80 centimetre, at the bottom of ditch furrow bottoms sprinkles fertilizer and digs about 20 * 20 centimetres plough of portion of Panasonic behind the dead soil, do row or the wet green onion seedling of inserting in ditch furrow bottom by spacing in the rows 4-6 centimetre, the depth of planting is generally about 15 centimetres.
The field planting shallot of above prior art in the ditch furrow that the level land is dug, can image say that becoming is " recessed ", field planting furrow plane is lower than 20 centimetres of ground levels, these furrow can be said to and be " low furrow "; Just 15-17 centimetre of the on average degree of development of general shallot " wide row space " and really can be described as with 70-80 centimetre line-spacing, and wide row space causes the big waste of light, heat and land resources.Therefore, the shallot cultivation main feature of prior art can be summarized as " recessed low furrow wide row space ", both heat had formed the traditional cultivation method, its certain strong point and advantage are also arranged naturally, here this is seldom commented on, and it needs to be noted: its shortcoming is very serious: the favourable weather (for the crops) time could not high yield, and the waterlogging caused by excessive rain time seriously has a poor harvest, half receive even total crop failure!
1, " recessed " can make the water content of green onion strain stem dish and root soil saturated at waterlogging caused by excessive rain season.The shallot field planting initial stage spreads all over the ditch furrow " recessed " in full field, and making in the rainfall in waterlogging caused by excessive rain season does not almost have rainwash, ooze in green onion strain stem dish and root soil and all flow in the ditch furrow and irritate, be easy to make soil moisture saturated, severe depletion of oxygen causes the stain evil of shallot.
2, " low furrow " more can make the soil high humidity at waterlogging caused by excessive rain season, and rhizome suffocates, macerates root, stiff root and death.The soil mellow soil layer generally is no more than 20 centimetres now." the low furrow " that dig pine are in the tillage pan impermeable stratum just, if portion is cross-sectional " low furrow ", its section just is " ∪ " font groove, be to dig the rhizome dish that loosens the soil with shallot in the groove, groove both sides and bottom are the very poor dead soils of water penetration, and rain many seasons, it is heavier to become " tank " stain evil here, the lighter's underproduction half is received, and weight person causes total crop failure.
3, the cultivation of " recessed low furrow " shallot makes the serious underproduction of shallot in the waterlogging caused by excessive rain time, partly receives or cause total crop failure, and traditional shallot culture technique of " recessed low furrow " makes the shallot production risk repeatedly thus, is very unsafe culture technique.
4, the ditching of " recessed low furrow " shallot cultivation, digging that bottom of trench loosens the soil all is very onerous toil, very effort.
5, " wide row space " makes shallot output not high.Shallot leaf tubulose, and upper punch growth, and one be born with and keep 5-8 sheet leaf, the equidistant dense planting of optimum.Just 16-17 centimetre of the on average degree of development of general shallot, even if the field planting line-spacing only is larger than 16 centimetres rationally normally, but prior art adopts 70-80 centimetre wide row space cultivation for ease of the ridging management, be 4 times of reasonable line-spacing, so cause the waste of a large amount of light, heat and land resources, output naturally can be not high yet.
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and propose a kind of shallot cultivation method, cultivation also can be given stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging in the waterlogging caused by excessive rain disaster time even the present invention can make shallot, the devoid of risk of keeping the safety in production, and then obtained high benefit.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: propose " the intensive horizontal green onion province power safety of the ecological line-spacing of the high furrow in plane " cultivation at " recessed low furrow wide row space require great effort windy danger " cultivation feature of prior art, concrete scheme is divided 5 aspects---
1, " laborsaving ".After stubble is risen in the plot of preparation cultivation shallot, apply whole base manure 1/2 after, also rake is real more than 25 centimetres with the tractor tilling depth, then press 1.345 meters interval routing, the back becomes the high 45 centimetres furrow ridge of bottom width 43 cm x according to line with dilatory tractor-ploughing, makes both sides form two dark ditches of 25 centimetres when choosing the ridge, and two ditches are hugged flat one, the plane is the cultivating bed plane, and a remaining ditch is cultivation An Pinggou; Base manure remaining whole 1/2 is with in the cultivating bed plane of soing with a drill, like this, the furrow ridge, field planting furrow plane and safe ditch have all been finished, and have widely applied machinery here, very light finished effortlessly prior art be require great effort very much broadcast operation fully.
2, " the high furrow in plane ".The field planting of present technique shallot is on the high furrow in plane.Cultivate 25 centimetres of safe ditch depths, therefore can be described as " high furrow ".About 18 centimetres of the field planting green onion strain degree of depth, the rhizome dish position of green onion strain is compared with safety ditch bottom, also " unsettled " 7 centimetres!
3, " the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing ".Ecological line-spacing is a line-spacing with the degree of development of shallot promptly, and present technique improves more than 2.3 times soil, light, thermal resource availability with the rational close planting of the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing, therefore can obtain high yield.Be that mainly " the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing " creationary reasonable utilization ridging of energy is with native, it is calculated that, existing wide row space cultivation can be trained the soil of foot, training height, training 10 strain shallots, can train foot, training height, training 23 strain shallots equally under " the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing " technical situation.
4, " safety ".The every major groove green onion of present technique all has dark " cultivating safe ditch " more than 25 centimetres supporting.Waterlogging stain is the great trouble that shallot produces, and " cultivating safe ditch " and " total horizontal safe ditch " reach " water drainage pond " and unite to work and make shallot production exempt the sorrow of the stain of waterloging, optimized the living environment of every strain shallot.Therefore, it is " safety " that the shallot of present technique produces, and is stable high yield.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and good effect:
The cultivation of prior art shallot has great risk, yields poorly and unstable, and the time of the poor harvest underproduction, half receipts or total crop failure is of common occurrence, and shallot cultivation of the present invention not only makes shallot produce in waterlogging caused by excessive rain time safety devoid of risk, and output is more than 2.3 times of prior art.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention cultivating bed plane of a kind of shallot cultivation method field planting initial stage, the high ditch that waters, the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing, the safe ditch of cultivation etc.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of a kind of shallot cultivation method of the present invention Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 goes, cultivates the front view in safe ditch, total horizontal safe ditch, water drainage pond etc. for a kind of shallot cultivation method cultivation of the present invention later stage cultivating bed plane, the high ditch that waters, the intensive horizontal green onion of ecological line-spacing.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of a kind of shallot cultivation method of the present invention Fig. 3.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment one: a kind of shallot cultivation method carries out according to the following steps
1, the making of arable land and furrow ditch.Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.After stubble is risen in the plot of preparation cultivation shallot, apply 1/2 base manure, also rake is real more than 25 centimetres with deep ploughings such as tractors, then press 1.345 meters spacing routing, the back is ploughed into the high 45 centimetres furrow ridge of bottom width 43 cm x according to line with tractor etc., wherein be respectively the cultivation safe ditch (ridge) (5) and the high ditch (ridge) (2) that waters separately successively, form two dark ditches of 25 centimetres in both sides when choosing the ridge, be the safe ditch of cultivation (4) of water drainage effect at cultivation safe ditch (ridge) (5); Two same ditches that high ditch (2) both sides of watering are formed and plane are hugged flat, promptly become two cultivating bed planes (1).Remaining 1/2 base manure is seed deeplyed in cultivating bed plane (1) with an animal-drawn seed plough, and hug to put down and broadcast (field planting) fully; Dig dark 30 a centimetres drain ditch at the low end of cultivation safe ditch (4) physical features, this ditch connects whole safe ditches of cultivation (4), be the safe ditch of total horizontal stroke (7), dig dark and round each pond more than 1 meter in total low place of horizontal safe ditch (7) physical features and be water drainage pond (6), so far, all broadcasting (field planting) operation fully finishes.
2, shallot field planting.See figures.1.and.2, go up the field planting shallot in cultivating bed plane (1).Green onion seedling specification: very light blue high more than 18 centimetres.Cultivating bed plane (1) is general wide 78 centimetres, stays 10 centimetres in safe ditch (4) one sides of cultivation, after watering in furrow spread and sunk in down, promptly laterally inserts green onion by 4-6 centimetre of distance between rows and hills 16-17 cm x is wet, inserts dark 18 centimetres, should keep the green onion eye, also can first jack, insert the green onion seedling again.Should note when inserting green onion: every cave at 68 centimetres of horizontal green onion row two is inserted into two strains, and the direction that makes leafing with capable to consistent, to make full use of soil and limit row advantage.
3, ridging management.After the field planting if day drought, even cultivate safe ditch (4) and cultivating bed plane (1) waters together.If waterlogging caused by excessive rain is arranged, before rain, the reply safe ditch of cultivation (4) is repaired and is dredged, and makes ponding flow into total horizontal safe ditch (7) by the safe ditch of cultivation smoothly, enters in the water drainage pond (6) again, if waterlogging caused by excessive rain is bigger, can dig the eliminating of drawing water of zanjon ejectment or machinery according to physical features.Be only shallot rhizome dish for above 7 centimetres because of cultivating safe ditch (4) bottom surface, so this cultivation is not have the trouble of waterlogging stain safely.Ridging is for the first time carried out about 1 month the time after field planting.The Tu Yuan of ridging widens cultivation safe ditch (4) a little deeply, and such as deepening to widen each 5 centimetres, soil is not enough, can break high ditch (ridge) (2) top of watering about 5 centimetres and use.Ridging for the second time can be carried out when the green onion stem grows tall more than 8 centimetres again, main Tu Yuan is the high ditch (ridge) (2) that waters, it is wide to dig 23 centimetres of left and right sides from 43 centimetres of wide centres, dark about 25 centimetres, here just formed the high ditch (2) that waters, hereafter water and just no longer water cultivating bed plane (1), and the high ditch (2) and cultivate safe ditch and (4) of only watering.Can carry out 2-4 ridging again with the growing way of backsight green onion, the Tu Yuan of ridging cultivates safe ditch (ridge) (5) exactly, makes this part become the ditch of appropriateness always, finally can reach about 50 centimetres, and that cultivates very light bluely also has about 50 centimetres.
Embodiment two:
A kind of shallot cultivation method, produce shallot (such as May fast green onion) in non-rainy season, in the time of can in embodiment one, putting cultivating bed plane (1) in order, cultivate safe ditch (4) and also hug flat together and widen the cultivating bed plane, thereby make the field planting again that extends of the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing; When waiting to need the ridging management (such as March), the locational green onion strain results of the safe ditch of former cultivation, dig out the safe ditch of cultivation again, soil is used for ridging, later on embodiment one management of equally earthing up for another example.
Embodiment three:
When a kind of shallot cultivation method, live shallot, can draw the traverse furrow sowing to the cultivating bed plane before embodiment two field planting by ecological line-spacing, when need earth ups, the locational green onion strain of the safe ditch of former cultivation be gathered in the crops, and the embodiment management of equally earthing up for another example.
Embodiment four:
A kind of shallot cultivation method, when shallot is grown seedlings, can be how standardized times of sowing of ecological line-spacing seed furrow of embodiment three, during the shallot field planting, can and have more one times green onion seedling the cultivation locational green onion seedling of safe ditch all gathers in the crops, remaining also in accordance with regulations 4-6 centimetre of final singling, embodiment three management of equally earthing up for another example thereafter.
Embodiment five:
A kind of shallot cultivation method, also have the field planting shallot in vegetative period more than 45 days in distance rainy season (North China 6,7, August), just field planting as embodiment two treating that needs earth up when maybe needing to cultivate safe ditch, also, dig safe ditch of cultivation and ridging management as embodiment two samples results.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of shallot cultivation method, comprise that cultivating bed plane (1) the intensive horizontal green onion row of the ecological line-spacing of high ditch (2) (3) that waters cultivates safe ditch (4) water drainage pond (6) and total horizontal safe ditch (7), it is characterized in that (3) field planting of ecological intensive horizontal green onion row on cultivating bed plane (1), the both sides on one group of (two) cultivating bed plane (1) are that cultivation safe ditch (4) cultivating bed plane (1) has the waterlogging stain can arrange the safe ditch of cultivation (4) that control goes into to close on.All the waterloggings stain in the safe ditches of cultivation (4) again row's control go into last again the inflow in the water drainage pond (6) in the safe ditch of total horizontal stroke (7), through flowing away naturally or the machinery eliminating of drawing water.
2, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: cultivates safe ditch (4) the bottom of trench degree of depth and is deeper than the cultivating bed plane more than 25 centimetres, and just 18 centimetres of the field planting degree of depth of green onion strain on the cultivating bed plane, therefore, green onion strain rhizome can not suffer accumulated water.
3, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: cultivate safe ditch (4) and be made up of with the ridge two ditches early stage, its degree of depth and width are variable, at last all can be above 50 centimetres, being the passage of green onion field waterlogging day water drainage control stain, is again the water channel that waters dry days.
4, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the high ditch (2) that waters is one ridge in earlier stage and cultivates safe ditch (4) ridge part acting in conjunction in early stage dash, can water cultivating bed plane (1), along with the ridging work carrying out; the ridge has become waters the ditch; because of its bottom more much higher than green onion stem dish portion, so be called the high ditch that waters; More much higher because of its bottom again than green onion stem dish portion, because of the effect of hydraulic pressure, so can water the cultivating bed width that oozes broad.
5, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: intensive horizontal green onion row (3) its spacing in the rows of ecological line-spacing is as traditional cultivation, degree of development when line-spacing then equals green onion strain self-sow state, so be called ecological line-spacing, its value or be slightly larger than or be slightly less than and all can, according to practice for many years, it is the highest generally to get 16.6 centimetres of output.
6, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: total horizontal safe ditch (7) is chosen in green onion field gesture lower and whole safe ditches of cultivation communicates, and its base plane is a little less than the safe ditch of cultivation bottom face.
7, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: water drainage pond (6) is located at the lowest part of the safe ditch of total horizontal stroke (7), so that collect waterlogging stain ponding, drains naturally or the machinery eliminating of drawing water from ditching here again.
8, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length of the intensive horizontal green onion row of ecological line-spacing (3) is generally got 68 centimetres according to a large amount of practices and can be irrigated, the water permeability in visual cultivation plot adjusts slightly, and what water permeability was good can slightly grow, otherwise the green onion row is then short slightly.
9, a kind of shallot cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in non-rainy season or the field planting shallot in 1.5-2.5 months vegetative period was arranged apart from rainy season (North China 6,7, August), live shallot or shallot are grown seedlings, establish the safe ditch of cultivation after can adopting, after promptly machinery becomes the ridge, cultivate safe ditch and also hug flatly, can plant or broadcast furrow plane completely entirely, after optionally after the locational green onion strain of the safe ditch of the cultivation results, the safe ditch of cultivation is set again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100491760A CN101496477A (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | Method for cultivating green Chinese onion |
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| CNA2008100491760A CN101496477A (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | Method for cultivating green Chinese onion |
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| CNA2008100491760A Pending CN101496477A (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | Method for cultivating green Chinese onion |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102450142A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-16 | 倪明源 | Latest green Chinese onion cultivation technology |
| CN103650827A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-03-26 | 王宝库 | Standardized planting method for nuisanceless green Chinese onions |
| CN103650822A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-03-26 | 王宝库 | Spring seedling culturing method for green Chinese onions |
| CN105557492A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Industrialized seedling culture method for Chinese onions |
| CN105594436A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Water and fertilizer management method in seedling growing process of green Chinese onions |
| CN108377840A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-10 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | A kind of hickory chick cultural method |
| CN109105197A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-01 | 平凉锐博知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of shallot implantation methods |
| CN109744012A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-05-14 | 李娇娇 | A kind of shallot culture apparatus and method |
| CN110199814A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 高先洪 | Shallot implantation methods |
-
2008
- 2008-01-29 CN CNA2008100491760A patent/CN101496477A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102450142A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-16 | 倪明源 | Latest green Chinese onion cultivation technology |
| CN103650822A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-03-26 | 王宝库 | Spring seedling culturing method for green Chinese onions |
| CN103650827A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-03-26 | 王宝库 | Standardized planting method for nuisanceless green Chinese onions |
| CN105557492A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Industrialized seedling culture method for Chinese onions |
| CN105594436A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Water and fertilizer management method in seedling growing process of green Chinese onions |
| CN109744012A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-05-14 | 李娇娇 | A kind of shallot culture apparatus and method |
| CN108377840A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-10 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | A kind of hickory chick cultural method |
| CN109105197A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-01 | 平凉锐博知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of shallot implantation methods |
| CN110199814A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 高先洪 | Shallot implantation methods |
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Open date: 20090805 |