CN105638199B - A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation - Google Patents
A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638199B CN105638199B CN201511035397.9A CN201511035397A CN105638199B CN 105638199 B CN105638199 B CN 105638199B CN 201511035397 A CN201511035397 A CN 201511035397A CN 105638199 B CN105638199 B CN 105638199B
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- soil
- afforestation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method that desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water conservation of catchmenting improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation, including Step 1: raised fields is built：Quasi- afforestation location is subjected to the cut the earth transmeridional raised fields of padded formation and gutter, raised fields a length of 50-100m, wide 20-50m before rainy season last year of afforesting, higher than ground surface 1-1.5m, gutter is less than ground surface 1-1.5m, and surrounding builds cofferdam, the high 0.8-1.2m in cofferdam, wide 0.5-1.0m.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Since raised fields is smaller, convenient for construction, soil salt content can be reduced rapidly within half a year to 1 year by catchmenting, desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed is fast.Comprehensive overlay film can effectively reduce soil water evaporation, prevent salinity from rising, ensure that the salinity washed off will not rise in surface layer again, it can be retained and inhibit weed growth simultaneously, black poplar poor for salt resistance ability, water requirement is larger, willow and elm nursery stock survive significant effect, can significantly solve the problems, such as that varieties in saline-alkali areas black poplar, willow, elm afforestation are difficult.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline-alkali soil forestation technology, specially one kind desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water conservation of catchmenting improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees
The planting technique of the surrival rate of afforestation.
Background technology
The characteristics of it is that coastal saline-alkali is native that, which there are the beach saline land of large area, soil types in China, this kind of soil is that quality is viscous
Weight, salt content are high, pH value is high, level of ground water is high, amount of salt in groundwater is high.With the evaporation of soil moisture, in underground water
Salinity build up soil upper epidermis, cause the salt content in topsoil to gradually increase, formed secondary salinization.Have
Although the saline-alkali tolerants such as some plants such as alkali is fluffy, Chinese tamarisk, arrow-leaved oleaster, Chinese small iris, Chinese wax, can survive on salt-soda soil, growth speed
Degree is slow, and timber yield is low, and economic value is little.The speed of growth is fast at present, can provide timber, economic value the high quick growing species of trees
Such as black poplar, willow, elm due to salt resistance ability it is poor, using conventional method, the surrival rate of afforestation is very low on salt-soda soil, Wu Facheng
Woods, it is difficult to form effective economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Invention content
The invention reside in one kind is provided, the salt resistance abilities such as progress black poplar, willow, elm are poor on beach saline land but pass through
Ji is worth the planting technique of larger quick growing species of trees afforestation.By build raised fields catchment the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching reduce reproducing area soil salt contain
Amount；It covers mulch comprehensively by reproducing area and reduces surface soil moisture evaporation, cut off soil salt rising passway, reduce topsoil
Earth salt content ensures seedling root moisture supply, inhibits weed growth, reduces competition of the weeds to soil nutrient and salinity.
The subenvironment that a salinity, which significantly reduces, moisture is relatively sufficient, is conducive to seedling root survives and grow is provided for nursery stock, is improved
The surrival rate of afforestation of the poor tree kind of the salt resistance abilities such as black poplar, willow, elm in salt-soda soil.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme：
A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation, includes the following steps：
Step 1: raised fields is built：Quasi- afforestation location is subjected to padded formation East and West direction of cutting the earth before rainy season last year of afforesting
Raised fields and gutter, raised fields a length of 50-100m, wide 20-50m, be higher than ground surface 1-1.5m, gutter be less than ground surface 1-
1.5m, surrounding build cofferdam, the high 0.8-1.2m in cofferdam, wide 0.5-1.0m；
Step 2: the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting：Collecting natural rain in rainy season can be respectively at autumn and large bamboo hat with a conical crown and broad brim year if rainfall is less
Spring manually provides sweet water 1 time into raised fields, and each water supply, which is subject to, is no more than cofferdam height；Due to raised fields height, flow exists
It can be moved by the direction on mediad both sides, the salt branch in soil is dissolved in water, finally along descending in raised fields
It is discharged into the gutter of both sides, achievees the purpose that wash salt；
Step 3: strip tillage：North-south strip tillage is carried out to reproducing area before spring afforestation, site preparation specification is bandwidth
60-80cm, depth 40-50cm or more, with a length of 20-50m, adjacent two spacing interval between shelterbelt line-spacing is 4-6m, by the soil dug out along item
Band both sides are distributed；
Step 4: variety selection：The kinds such as the kind such as No. 1 poplar of I-107, L35 and Lu Lin of more salt tolerant are selected in black poplar,
Willow mainly selects No. 1 J172, Bohai Sea willow kind, elm to select American elm；
Step 5: selection of seedling and processing：The 1-2 lifes of the black poplar, willow and elm kind of step 4 selection are selected to be good for
Strong sprout wood, carries out cutting strunk processing, clips part and the side shoot of the incomplete lignifying of nursery stock, shifts to an earlier date 1-2 days by nursery stock root before plant
System, which is put into clear water, impregnates；
Step 6: transplanted seedling tree：Nursery stock is placed in planting hole, backfill and steady and sure soil；Planting belt vertical section is in leakage
Bucket-shaped, funnel bottom and surface distance 20-40cm, nursery stock spacing in the rows are 2-4 meters；
Step 7: mulch is selected：It is the unregistered land film of 1%-5% to select light transmittance, and unregistered land film width is line-spacing 4-6m, length
For belt length 20-50m；
Step 8: comprehensive overlay film：By ready unregistered land film along being in the ranks laid with, by both sides, that is, funnel bottom soil
It buries and is compacted, a line unregistered land film side soil pressure close to cofferdam is on cofferdam；Step 9: nursery stock is irrigated：It is filled into planting belt
Enter fresh water, water is concordant with earth's surface.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：It, can be fast within half a year to 1 year by catchmenting convenient for construction since raised fields is smaller
Speed reduces soil salt content, and desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed is fast.Comprehensive overlay film can effectively reduce soil water evaporation, prevent salinity from rising,
Ensure that the salinity washed off will not rise in surface layer again, while can be retained and inhibit weed growth, for salt resistance ability compared with
Difference, the larger black poplar of water requirement, willow and elm nursery stock survive significant effect, can significantly solve varieties in saline-alkali areas black poplar, willow
The difficult problem of tree, elm afforestation.
Description of the drawings
Be in figure raised fields of the present invention and plant structure show between scheme.
In figure, 1 gutter, 2 original grounds, 3 unregistered land films, 4 pour water region, 5 raised fields cofferdam, 6 catchment areas, 7 cutting strunk regions.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
Step 1: raised fields is built：Quasi- afforestation location original ground 2 is subjected to padded formation of cutting the earth before rainy season last year of afforesting
Transmeridional raised fields and gutter 1, raised fields a length of 50-100m, wide 20-50m are higher than ground surface 1-1.5m, and gutter 1 is less than ground
Surface 1-1.5m, surrounding build raised fields cofferdam 5,5 high 0.8-1.2m of raised fields cofferdam, wide 0.5-1.0m.
Step 2: 6 desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchment area：Collect natural rain in rainy season, if rainfall is less, can respectively at autumn and
Spring in large bamboo hat with a conical crown and broad brim year manually provides sweet water once into raised fields, and each water supply, which is subject to, is no more than raised fields cofferdam height.Due to raised fields
Higher, flow can be moved along descending by the direction on mediad both sides in raised fields, the salt branch dissolving in soil
In water, it is finally discharged into the gutter 1 of both sides, achievees the purpose that wash salt.
Step 3: strip tillage：North-south strip tillage is carried out to reproducing area before spring afforestation, site preparation specification is bandwidth
60-80cm, depth 40-50cm or more, with a length of 20-50m, adjacent two spacing interval between shelterbelt line-spacing is 4-6m, by the soil dug out along item
Band both sides are distributed.
Step 4: variety selection：The kinds such as the kind such as No. 1 poplar of I-107, L35 and Lu Lin of more salt tolerant are selected in black poplar,
Willow mainly selects the kinds such as J172, Bohai Sea willow No. 1, elm to select American elm.
Step 5: selection of seedling and processing：The 1-2 lifes of the black poplar, willow and elm kind of step 4 selection are selected to be good for
Strong sprout wood carries out cutting strunk region 7 and handles, clips part and the side shoot of the incomplete lignifying of nursery stock, transplants first 1-2 days in advance by seedling
The wooden root system, which is put into clear water, to be impregnated.
Step 6: transplanted seedling tree：Nursery stock is placed in planting hole, backfill and steady and sure soil.Planting belt vertical section is in leakage
Bucket-shaped, funnel bottom and surface distance 20-40cm, nursery stock spacing in the rows are 2-4 meters.
Step 7: mulch is selected：Select light transmittance be 1%-5% unregistered land film 3, the white mulch high compared with light transmittance and its
His mulch, unregistered land film are capable of the transmission of more efficiently blocking sunray, inhibit weed growth in soil.Unregistered land film width is
Line-spacing 4-6m, length are belt length, that is, 20-50m.
Step 8: comprehensive overlay film：By ready unregistered land film along being in the ranks laid with, by both sides, that is, funnel bottom soil
It buries and is compacted, a line unregistered land film side soil pressure close to raised fields cofferdam prevents from being blown off by wind on raised fields cofferdam.Comprehensive overlay film
Main purpose be to reduce sunlight transmission, prevent soil weed growth, reduce competition of the weeds to soil nutrient, ensure that nursery stock exists
At obtaining enough moisture in current.Entire reproducing area soil water evaporation is reduced simultaneously, prevents the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, reduces soil salt
Divide and seedling root is endangered.Another benefit of covering mulch can be to avoid soil salt caused by local overlay film comprehensively
Transverse shifting and the rising of the salinity in non-overlay film location converge to surface layer.
Step 9: nursery stock is irrigated：Fresh water is poured into pouring water region 4 to planting belt, water is concordant with earth's surface, due to surrounding
Covering with ground sheeting, water can only slowly penetrate into soil from seedling stem base portion, ensure that seedling root can obtain enough moisture in this way
Supply meets nursery stock and takes root needs, to ensure Survival rate of nursery stock.
Foregoing description describe the main contents and advantage of the present invention.Above-mentioned implementation steps description only illustrates the present invention
Principle, under the precondition for not departing from main contents of the present invention, the present invention can also become according to the concrete condition of various regions
Change and improve, these changes and improvements will be fallen into scope of the claimed invention, and the claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.Part not in the detailed description of the invention is known technology, and those skilled in the art exists
The usual change or replacement carried out within the scope of technical solution of the present invention should be all included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method that desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water conservation of catchmenting improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation, it is characterised in that：Including
Following steps,
Step 1: raised fields is built：Quasi- afforestation location is subjected to padded transmeridional of formation of cutting the earth before rainy season last year of afforesting
Field and gutter, raised fields a length of 50-100m, wide 20-50m are higher than ground surface 1-1.5m, and gutter is less than ground surface 1-1.5m,
Surrounding builds cofferdam, the high 0.8-1.2m in cofferdam, wide 0.5-1.0m；
Step 2: the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting：Natural rain is collected in rainy season, is manually provided sweet water into raised fields 1 time, each water supply is not with
Subject to the height of cofferdam；Due to raised fields height, flow can be along descending, by the direction on mediad both sides in raised fields
Mobile, the salt branch in soil is dissolved in water, and is finally discharged into the gutter of both sides, achievees the purpose that wash salt；
Step 3: strip tillage：North-south strip tillage is carried out to reproducing area before spring afforestation, site preparation specification is bandwidth 60-
80cm, depth 40-50cm, with a length of 20-50m, adjacent two spacing interval between shelterbelt is 4-6m, and the soil dug out is distributed along band both sides；
Step 4: variety selection：No. 1 poplar kind of I-107, L35 and Lu Lin of more salt tolerant, willow selection are selected in black poplar
No. 1 J172, Bohai Sea willow kind, elm select American elm；
Step 5: selection of seedling and processing：Select the black poplar of step 4 selection, the 1-2 life healthy seedlings of willow and elm kind
Wood carries out cutting strunk processing, clips part and the side shoot of the incomplete lignifying of nursery stock, is put seedling root within 1-2 days in advance before plant
Enter in clear water and impregnates；
Step 6: transplanted seedling tree：Nursery stock is placed in planting hole, backfill and steady and sure soil；Planting belt vertical section is in funnel-form,
Funnel bottom and surface distance 20-40cm, nursery stock spacing in the rows are 2-4m；
Step 7: mulch is selected：It is the unregistered land film of 1%-5% to select light transmittance, and unregistered land film width is line-spacing 4-6m, and length is band
Long 20-50m；
Step 8: comprehensive overlay film：By ready unregistered land film along being in the ranks laid with, both sides, that is, funnel bottom is buried with soil
Compacting, a line unregistered land film side soil pressure close to cofferdam is on cofferdam；
Step 9: nursery stock is irrigated：Fresh water is poured into planting belt, water is concordant with earth's surface.
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| CN201511035397.9A CN105638199B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation |
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| CN201511035397.9A CN105638199B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105638199A CN105638199A (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| CN105638199B true CN105638199B (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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| CN106068754B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2017-12-15 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | The method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms strand tidal flat revegetation |
| CN106358481B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method |
| CN106358976A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Stem cutting foresting method for clerodendrum trichotomum |
| CN106358977A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Forestation method for clerodendrum trichotomum ultra-short circulation period paper pulp wood forest |
| CN106576472A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北大学 | Saline-alkali land soil treatment method and application of saline-alkali land soil to crop planting |
| CN108702889A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-26 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore low cost, the method for quick ecological reparation |
| CN110199826B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for restoring degraded grassland ecosystem by planting leymus chinensis |
| CN115088577A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Mechanical Taitian afforestation method for coastal beach saline-alkali soil |
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| CN102696300B (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2015-04-08 | 北京北林绿源生态技术研究院有限责任公司 | Method for water seepage, salt discharge and afforestation of low-humidity saline and alkaline beach and application of method |
| CN102939806B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-11-26 | 清华大学 | Method and system for desalting soil of coastal saline and alkaline land |
| CN104904556B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2018-09-11 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of coastal salt-soda soil rainy season willow cutting forset-plantation method |
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