CN105638199A - Method for increasing afforestation survival rate of quick growing tree species in coastal saline-alkali land through catchment, salt leaching and water retention - Google Patents
Method for increasing afforestation survival rate of quick growing tree species in coastal saline-alkali land through catchment, salt leaching and water retention Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638199A CN105638199A CN201511035397.9A CN201511035397A CN105638199A CN 105638199 A CN105638199 A CN 105638199A CN 201511035397 A CN201511035397 A CN 201511035397A CN 105638199 A CN105638199 A CN 105638199A
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241001106462 Ulmus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001149163 Ulmus americana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000218982 Populus nigra Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000127225 Enceliopsis nudicaulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 Epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000554 Iris Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007765 cera alba Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
The invention provides a method for increasing the afforestation survival rate of quick growing tree species in a coastal saline-alkali land through catchment, salt leaching and water retention. The method comprises the steps of platform field building, wherein earth cutting and bed hedgehopping are performed on a section to be afforested to form an east-to-west platform field and a drainage ditch before a rainy season in the first afforestation year, the length of the platform field is 50-100 m, the width of the platform field is 20-50 m, the platform field is 1-1.5 m higher than the ground surface, the drainage ditch is 1-1.5 m lower than the ground surface, a cofferdam is built at the periphery of the platform field, the height of the cofferdam is 0.8-1.2 m, and the width of the cofferdam is 0.5-1.0 m. The method has the advantages that due to the fact that the platform field is small and convenient to construct, the soil salt content can be quickly decreased in half a year to one year through catchment, and the salt leaching speed is high; through comprehensive film mulching, soil moisture evaporation can be effectively reduced, salt content increasing can be prevented, and it is guaranteed that leached salt cannot rise to the ground surface layer; meanwhile, water can be retained, weed growing can be inhibited, the survival effect on black poplar, willow and elm seedlings which are poor in salt tolerance and high in water requirement is significant, and the problem that afforestation of black poplar, willow and elm trees is difficult in a saline-alkali area can be significantly solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline-alkali soil forestation technology, be specially a kind of desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water conservation that catchments and improve the planting technique of the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation.
Background technology
There is large-area beach saline land in China, and soil types is coastal saline-alkali soil, and the feature of this kind of soil is the viscous weight of quality, salt content is high, pH value is high, level of ground water is high, amount of salt in groundwater is high. Along with the evaporation of soil moisture, the salinity in subsoil water builds up soil upper epidermis, causes the salt content in topsoil to be gradually increased, and forms secondary salinization. Although there being the Salt And Alkali Tolerances such as some plants such as Herba suadeae glaucae, Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis, Fructus Elaeagni Angustifoliae, Chinese small iris, white beeswax, can surviving on salt-soda soil, but the speed of growth is slow, timber yield is low, and economic worth is little. Current fast growth, the quick growing species of trees such as HEIYANG, willow, elm etc. that timber, economic worth are high can be provided poor due to salt resistance ability, utilize conventional method surrival rate of afforestation on salt-soda soil very low, cannot grow into forest, it is difficult to form effective economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in provides a kind of and carries out HEIYANG, willow, elm etc. on beach saline land salt resistance ability is poor but the planting technique of quick growing species of trees afforestation that economic worth is bigger. By build raised fields catchment the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching reduce reproducing area soil salt content; Reduce surface soil moisture evaporation by the comprehensive covering with plastic film of reproducing area, cut off soil salt rising passway, reduce surface soil salinity content, ensure seedling root water supply, it is suppressed that weed growth, reduce the weeds competition to soil nutrient and salinity. There is provided salinity to significantly reduce for nursery stock, moisture is relatively sufficient, the subenvironment that is conducive to seedling root to survive and grows, improves the salt resistance abilities such as HEIYANG, willow, the elm poor tree kind surrival rate of afforestation in salt-soda soil.
The technical problem to be solved realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method that desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water conservation that catchments improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation, comprises the following steps:
Step one, raised fields are built: location of plan being afforested before rainy season last year of afforesting carries out the cut the earth transmeridional raised fields of padded formation and gutter, raised fields length is 50-100m, wide 20-50m, surface 1-1.5m above Ground, gutter is lower than ground surface 1-1.5m, surrounding builds cofferdam, cofferdam height 0.8-1.2m, wide 0.5-1.0m;
Step 2, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting: collect natural rain in rainy season, if rainfall is less, it is possible to manually providing sweet water 1 time in raised fields respectively at autumn and spring in large bamboo hat with a conical crown and broad brim year, each output is to be as the criterion less than cofferdam height; Owing to raised fields is high, current along descending, can be moved by the direction on mediad both sides in raised fields, and the salt branch in soil is dissolved in water, is finally discharged in the gutter of both sides, reaches to wash the purpose of salt;
Step 3, strip tillage: reproducing area carries out north-south strip tillage before spring afforestation, and whole ground specification is bandwidth 60-80cm, more than degree of depth 40-50cm, and belt length is 20-50m, and adjacent two spacing interval between shelterbelt line-spacings are 4-6m, be distributed the soil dug out along band both sides;
Step 4, Fruit variety: selecting the kind such as kind such as No. 1 poplar of I-107, L35 and Lu Lin of comparatively salt tolerant in HEIYANG, willow mainly selects J172, No. a kind of Bohai Sea willow, and elm selects American elm;
Step 5, selection of seedling and process: the raw healthy and strong nursery stock of 1-2 of HEIYANG, willow and elm kind that selection step 4 is chosen, carry out cutting strunk process, clip the incomplete lignified part of nursery stock and side shoot, within before premise of planting 1-2 days, seedling root put in clear water and soak;
Step 6, transplanted seedling tree: nursery stock is placed in planting hole, backfill and steady and sure soil; Planting belt longitudinal section is funnel-form, funnel bottom and surface distance 20-40cm, and nursery stock spacing in the rows is 2-4 rice;
Step 7, mulch film are selected: the unregistered land film selecting light transmittance to be 1%-5%, and unregistered land film width is line-spacing 4-6m, and length is belt length 20-50m;
Compacting has been buried in both sides and funnel bottom soil by step 8, comprehensive overlay film: by ready unregistered land film along in the ranks laying, and film side, a line unregistered land soil pressure near cofferdam is on cofferdam; Step 9, nursery stock are irrigated: pouring into fresh water in planting belt, the water yield is concordant with earth's surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: owing to raised fields is less, it is simple to construction, just reducing rapidly soil salt content within half a year to one year by catchmenting, desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed is fast. Comprehensive overlay film can effectively reduce soil water evaporation, prevent salinity from rising, ensure that the salinity washed off will not rise in surface layer again, simultaneously can water conservation and suppress weed growth, poor for salt resistance ability, water requirement is bigger HEIYANG, willow and elm nursery stock to survive effect notable, it is possible to notable solve the problem that varieties in saline-alkali areas HEIYANG, willow, elm afforestation are difficult.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In figure for raised fields of the present invention and structure of planting show between figure.
In figure, 1 gutter, 2 original grounds, 3 unregistered land films, 4 pour water region, 5 raised fields cofferdam, 6 catchment areas, 7 cutting strunk regions.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, and the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Step one, raised fields are built: location original ground 2 of plan being afforested before rainy season last year of afforesting carries out the cut the earth transmeridional raised fields of padded formation and gutter 1, raised fields length is 50-100m, wide 20-50m, surface 1-1.5m above Ground, gutter 1 is lower than ground surface 1-1.5m, surrounding builds raised fields cofferdam 5, the high 0.8-1.2m in raised fields cofferdam 5, wide 0.5-1.0m.
Step 2, catchment area 6 desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching: collect natural rain in rainy season, if rainfall is less, it is possible to manually provide sweet water once in raised fields respectively at autumn and spring in large bamboo hat with a conical crown and broad brim year, and each output is to be as the criterion less than raised fields cofferdam height.Owing to raised fields is higher, current along descending, can be moved by the direction on mediad both sides in raised fields, and the salt branch in soil is dissolved in water, is finally discharged in the gutter 1 of both sides, reaches to wash the purpose of salt.
Step 3, strip tillage: reproducing area carries out north-south strip tillage before spring afforestation, and whole ground specification is bandwidth 60-80cm, more than degree of depth 40-50cm, and belt length is 20-50m, and adjacent two spacing interval between shelterbelt line-spacings are 4-6m, be distributed the soil dug out along band both sides.
Step 4, Fruit variety: selecting the kind such as kind such as No. 1 poplar of I-107, L35 and Lu Lin of comparatively salt tolerant in HEIYANG, willow mainly selects the kind such as J172, Bohai Sea willow No. 1, and elm selects American elm.
Step 5, selection of seedling and process: the raw healthy and strong nursery stock of 1-2 of HEIYANG, willow and elm kind that selection step 4 is chosen, carry out cutting strunk region 7 to process, clip the incomplete lignified part of nursery stock and side shoot, within before premise of planting 1-2 days, seedling root put in clear water and soak.
Step 6, transplanted seedling tree: nursery stock is placed in planting hole, backfill and steady and sure soil. Planting belt longitudinal section is funnel-form, funnel bottom and surface distance 20-40cm, and nursery stock spacing in the rows is 2-4 rice.
Step 7, mulch film are selected: selecting light transmittance is the unregistered land film 3 of 1%-5%, the white mulch film high than light transmittance and other mulch films, and unregistered land film can the transmission of more efficiently stop sunray, it is suppressed that weed growth in soil. Unregistered land film width is line-spacing 4-6m, and length is belt length and 20-50m.
Compacting has been buried in both sides and funnel bottom soil by step 8, comprehensive overlay film: by ready unregistered land film along in the ranks laying, and film side, a line unregistered land soil pressure near raised fields cofferdam is on raised fields cofferdam, it is prevented that blown off by wind. The main purpose of comprehensive overlay film is to reduce sunlight transmission, it is prevented that soil weed growth, reduces the weeds competition to soil nutrient, ensures that nursery stock obtains enough moisture in one-tenth current. Reduce whole reproducing area soil water evaporation, it is prevented that the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil simultaneously, reduce soil salt and seedling root is endangered. The another one benefit of comprehensive covering with plastic film is the transverse shifting of the locally soil salt that overlay film causes and the salinity in non-overlay film location can be avoided to rise converge to surface layer.
Step 9, nursery stock are irrigated: pour into fresh water in pouring water region 4 to planting belt, the water yield is concordant with earth's surface, covering with ground sheeting due to surrounding, water can only slowly penetrate into soil from Seedling butt portion, this ensures that there seedling root and can obtain enough water supplies, meet nursery stock to take root needs, thus ensureing Survival rate of nursery stock.
Foregoing description describe main contents and the advantage of the present invention. What above-mentioned enforcement step described simply illustrates principles of the invention; under the precondition without departing from main contents of the present invention; the present invention also can be changed according to the concrete condition of various places and improve; these changes and improvements will fall in the claimed scope of the invention, and claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof. Part not in the detailed description of the invention is known technology, and generally change or replacement that those skilled in the art carries out within the scope of technical solution of the present invention all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the method that the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water conservation that catchments improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps,
Step one, raised fields are built: location of plan being afforested before rainy season last year of afforesting carries out the cut the earth transmeridional raised fields of padded formation and gutter, raised fields length is 50-100m, wide 20-50m, surface 1-1.5m above Ground, gutter is lower than ground surface 1-1.5m, surrounding builds cofferdam, cofferdam height 0.8-1.2m, wide 0.5-1.0m;
Step 2, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting: collect natural rain in rainy season, manually provide sweet water 1 time in raised fields, and each output is to be as the criterion less than cofferdam height; Owing to raised fields is high, current along descending, can be moved by the direction on mediad both sides in raised fields, and the salt branch in soil is dissolved in water, is finally discharged in the gutter of both sides, reaches to wash the purpose of salt;
Step 3, strip tillage: reproducing area carries out north-south strip tillage before spring afforestation, and whole ground specification is bandwidth 60-80cm, more than degree of depth 40-50cm, belt length is 20-50m, adjacent two spacing interval between shelterbelt, line-spacing is 4-6m, is distributed along band both sides by the soil dug out;
Step 4, Fruit variety: selecting the kind such as kind such as No. 1 poplar of I-107, L35 and Lu Lin of comparatively salt tolerant in HEIYANG, willow mainly selects J172, No. a kind of Bohai Sea willow, and elm selects American elm;
Step 5, selection of seedling and process: the raw healthy and strong nursery stock of 1-2 of HEIYANG, willow and elm kind that selection step 4 is chosen, carry out cutting strunk process, clip the incomplete lignified part of nursery stock and side shoot, within before premise of planting 1-2 days, seedling root put in clear water and soak;
Step 6, transplanted seedling tree: nursery stock is placed in planting hole, backfill and steady and sure soil; Planting belt longitudinal section is funnel-form, funnel bottom and surface distance 20-40cm, and nursery stock spacing in the rows is 2-4 rice;
Step 7, mulch film are selected: the unregistered land film selecting light transmittance to be 1%-5%, and unregistered land film width is line-spacing 4-6m, and length is belt length 20-50m;
Compacting has been buried in both sides and funnel bottom soil by step 8, comprehensive overlay film: by ready unregistered land film along in the ranks laying, and film side, a line unregistered land soil pressure near cofferdam is on cofferdam;
Step 9, nursery stock are irrigated: pouring into fresh water in planting belt, the water yield is concordant with earth's surface.
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| CN201511035397.9A CN105638199B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation |
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| CN201511035397.9A CN105638199B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation |
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| CN105638199A true CN105638199A (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| CN105638199B CN105638199B (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106068754A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | The method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms strand tidal flat revegetation |
| CN106358481A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Saline-alkali land treatment method |
| CN106358976A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Stem cutting foresting method for clerodendrum trichotomum |
| CN106358977A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Forestation method for clerodendrum trichotomum ultra-short circulation period paper pulp wood forest |
| CN106576472A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北大学 | Saline-alkali land soil treatment method and application of saline-alkali land soil to crop planting |
| CN108702889A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-26 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore low cost, the method for quick ecological reparation |
| CN110199826A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of the Degraded Grasslands ecosystem is restored by planting sheep's hay |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106068754A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | The method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms strand tidal flat revegetation |
| CN106358481A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Saline-alkali land treatment method |
| CN106358976A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Stem cutting foresting method for clerodendrum trichotomum |
| CN106358977A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Forestation method for clerodendrum trichotomum ultra-short circulation period paper pulp wood forest |
| CN106576472A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北大学 | Saline-alkali land soil treatment method and application of saline-alkali land soil to crop planting |
| CN108702889A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-26 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore low cost, the method for quick ecological reparation |
| CN110199826A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of the Degraded Grasslands ecosystem is restored by planting sheep's hay |
| CN110199826B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for restoring degraded grassland ecosystem by planting leymus chinensis |
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