CN104094746A - Ginseng cultivation method - Google Patents
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- CN104094746A CN104094746A CN201410280600.8A CN201410280600A CN104094746A CN 104094746 A CN104094746 A CN 104094746A CN 201410280600 A CN201410280600 A CN 201410280600A CN 104094746 A CN104094746 A CN 104094746A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ginseng cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps of (1) land selection; (2) soil preparation; (3) seed selection; (4) sowing; (5) management; (6) pest control; (7) harvesting. According to the ginseng cultivation method, the woodland open spaces are fully utilized, the intensification and three dimension cultivation is realized, the method has the characteristics of little investment, high benefit and the like, and the production of green traditional Chinese medical materials is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine cultivation field.More specifically, the cultivation method that relates to a kind of Ginseng under Forest.
Background technology
Ginseng, herbaceos perennial, the weather that happiness is shady and cool, moistening, with pilose antler, ura sedge also claims " northeast Triratna ".Because this Plants of ginseng is stricter for requirement for environmental conditions such as daylight, moisture, soil, temperature, thereby growth scope is narrower and small.Wild ginseng only has China, Korea, Japan in the world, and just there is growth the Siberia of the former Soviet Union, and quantity is rare, now seldom finds.In China, be mainly distributed in the southeast in the Mai He Xiaoxinanlin Mountains, Changbai Mountain, and the Eastern Mountain Area in Liaoning Province.The ginseng of China cultivation is mainly distributed in ° region, north latitude 35-degree～48 that Changbai Mountain arteries and veins extends, and south gets Kuandian, north is to Yichun of Heilongjiang Province, the counties (city) such as the Fusong that its producing region, center is Jilin Province, long white, Jingyu, Jian, Dunhua, Antu.From ginseng ecoclimatic condition, basin, the area, Changbai Mountain of China and three rivers thereof (Song Hua River, TUMENJIANG RIVER and the Yalu River) rivers (Xinkai River) is the best producing region that the world abounds with high-quality ginseng, and area under cultivation, per unit area yield, the gross yield of mountain area, Changbai ginseng all occupy first place in the world.
Along with in recent years to excessively the excavating of wild ginseng, forest resources heavy damage, the resource of wild ginseng reduces year by year, disappearance in imminent danger.Development Ginseng under Forest is the effective way of recovering wild ginseng resource, and Ginseng under Forest has the form similar to wild ginseng and effect, and within 2010, version Chinese pharmacopoeia [Dan is classified Ginseng under Forest as wild ginseng.
At present, the cultivation method of ginseng is main mainly with garden ginsent, and the artificial culture of Ginseng under Forest is to utilize ecological principle, according to panax biological, learn characteristic, the ecotope of simulation wild ginseng, plants ginseng seeds in sylvan life, under artificially managing and protecting a little, self-sow is more than 13 years, and the Root Morphology of mountain ginseng and inherent quality thereof and wild ginseng are compared favourably.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of culture of ginseng method, and the method makes full use of slash, realizes intensively, and three-dimensional cultivation, has small investment, and benefit high, is conducive to produce healthful Chinese crud drug.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A culture of ginseng method, comprises the steps:
1 selection of land
1.1 standing forest
Selection is grown under the natural forest of 300～900 meters of height above sea level, and vegetation condition be take toothed oak, linden, look tree etc. and is main broad leaved forest or the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of pin, and the forest land of the undershrubs such as a raw shrub lespedeza, hazel bavin is for well.The age of tree is more than 20 years, more than height of tree 10m, requires forest land the trees are sparse tall and big, more than having shrub 2m, forms Qiao-filling-careless ternary three-dimensional plant faciation structure, crown density 0.6～0.8 under crown canopy.
1.2 slope aspects and the gradient
Slope aspect with slope, the southeast, north slope, Northwest Slope for well, slope, due south, the unfavorable growth in southwestern slope.10～25 ° of the gradients are advisable, and generally select the stage casing suitable planting on slope.
1.3 soil
Require that subterranean water level is lower, waterlogging not, select fertile in organic abundant humus soil, general yellow ground humus and black sand humus soil, loam and sand loam for multiselect, humus content >=3.5%, soil pH 5.5～6.5, subsoil is yellow clay, middle level is the loess of living, table soil is humus soil, and more than reaching 7cm, have the above litter horizon of 4cm on it, it is tight that soil integral body presents Panasonic, loose and loose, tightly and not hard.
2 whole ground
Generally can whole ground before sowing.According to crown density 0.8 left and right the intermediate cutting overstocked woods and undershrub, sylvan life weeds and the shrub that affects below illumination 1m are all cut off, planning clay after clear woods, by physical relief, determine and plant ginseng region, every 30～50m, hug a ditch downstream, between growth belt, retain 30～50cm isolation strip, vegetation retains.
3 is live
3.1 kinds are selected
Select annual product full seed, have normal color and luster, without long neck reed or the two gingival cyst of mucous gland in the newborn kinds of infected seed, free from insect pests.
3.2 seed treatment
In gathering after fruit maturation at the beginning of 78 months the end of month, suggestion is rubbed with the hands and is removed pulp and wash in a pan only with clear water, floats except flat grain, pulls out to be placed under shady and cool ventilation place or the low light level and dries, and makes seed moisture content be not less than 14%.Adopt outdoor vernalization.Dry seed started vernalization before mid-June, water seed early August starts.Then under raintight canopy, excavate vernalization groove, the thick thin river sand of bottom land paving 5cm, reinstalls river sand and seed by 2:1 mixture, upper strata covers the thick river sand of 10cm, in groove, temperature keeps 16～18 ℃, and humidity keeps 10～15%, falls to plant once around here every 15～20 days.Generally 90～120 days can breach, treat that seed fried mouth is more than 90%, can sift out dries in the shade packs in bag (pocket will be breathed freely), is placed on aeration-drying freezer and waits to sow.
3.3 date of seeding
Sow in spring and carry out the first tenday period of a month May late April, generally broadcast vernalization seed.Autumn sowing early August～early September is broadcast water seed, and broadcast vernalization seed mid-October before freezing.
3.4 sowing
3.4.1 program request, depending on ground condition pit digging in forest land at random, 4cm is square, dark 7～8cm, 1～2 seed is broadcast in every hole, presses gently, and cover broken leaf after earthing.
3.4.2 bunch planting, pricks cave with waddy, seeding row spacing 20 * 20cm.With rake, ground leaf weeds are hugged on operation road, by 10cm * 20cm or 20cm * 20cm cave distance, carry out plane cave, Hengshan Mountain, the dark 4cm～5cm in cave, at the bottom of cave, will put down, 3～5 seeds, earthing 5～6cm are put in every cave, after suppression, cover fallen leaves, falling leaves is thickly as the criterion to cover ground again.
3.4.3 drilling, marks long 10～20m, wide 4～6m growing area, and 50～100cm operation road is stayed in interval, the Hengshan Mountain dark 7～8cm that ditches, interval 50cm.Every distance 8～10cm broadcasts 1 seed, other same bunch planting.
3.4.4 seeding quantity: 1.5～2.5 kilograms of every mu of sowings.
4 management
4.1 illumination
After Ginseng under Forest growth 5 years, need enough illumination, should adjust in time closing of standing-crop degree, in the annual summer, notice that woodland observes in two seasons of autumn, find the excessive place of crown density, need clear up in the winter time tree crown, adjust crown density 0.6～0.7.
4.2 nip off the flowers
In 5 months, the last ten-days period ginseng before blooming, bud is not pinched, when bennet growth 5cm, from 1/3 whole inflorescence being pinched on bennet.General Ginseng under Forest is not collected seed, and object is to reduce nutrient consumption to increase root weight, if subsequent production provides provenance, can after 7 years, stay once and plant, and in production practices, does not reserve seed for planting as far as possible.
4.3 weeding
In after planting one, two year, because seedling is little, weeds are easily taken advantage of seedling phenomenon, and spring should be the weeds that surpass ginseng plant height with lancinating.
4.4 draining
Should note field examination rainy season, prevents erosion, and dredged drain ditch, to the exposed place of growing surface, should supply at any time covering.Before thawing early spring and rainy season, when under ginseng seedling, moisture is excessive, near the fallen leaves can hugging out, promote moisture loss.
4.5 nurse
Ginseng under Forest ground after planting will be taked to seal woods measure, forbids people, animal to endanger.Particularly enter the Ginseng under Forest of growth after 10 years, strengthen nurse, in order to avoid stolen.
5 sick worm rat plague controls
For guaranteeing that Ginseng under Forest growing environment and quality approach wild ginseng, the control of generally not going and buy Chinese medicine, but when large area generation damage by disease and insect, also to carry out suitable chemical control, the same garden ginsent of the method for preventing and treating.
5.1 disease
When scab appears in plant, with hand, pinch the leaf of spot on the ground, prevent that it from continuing to spread.When finding the root diseased plants such as black spot, rust corruption, root rot, should excavate in time, and lime after powder sterilization, fill pollution-free new soil.
5.2 insect pest
Stem and the underground ginseng root on the nearly soil of the pest damage such as wireworm and grub surface, except in conjunction with whole and catch while loosening the soil, also can adopt the ways such as trapping, poison bait to catch and kill.
5.3 the plague of rats
Ginseng under Forest subjects to the harm of Siberian chipmunk, zokor, mountain mouse, be Ginseng under Forest produce can not depending on the important link of preventing and treating.The easy emergence period of Siberian chipmunk is in early spring and seed maturing stage; Zokor, in whole vegetative period, is contained after rain especially; Mountain mouse is after spring rain, and enter before the winter autumn.Control should be at plague of rats suffering season, to Siberian chipmunk, take cage, net to catch, then free away from region, ginseng ground, to other muroid, except apparatuses such as burying arrow, folder, cage, pressing plate underground is catched and killed, also available 0.05～0.1% diphacinone-Na or 0.05% warfarin are positioned over rat hole or growth belt periphery.Maybe will be mixed with 2～10% zinc phosphide raticide furnishing pastes, be bonded on corncob, block rat hole.
6 gather
When growth year is when more than 13 years, can reach harvesting standard, collecting time is to join leaf flavescence autumn, the bud of surviving the winter carries out before growing up.While gathering, with pick four sides within the scope of plant strain growth, expand table soil, take that not hinder ginseng root be degree, with tree root, first from plant base portion, break ground; then along main root, supporting root, fibrous root stripping soil, take; and with moss, turf or appropriate soft humus soil, be embedded in the containers such as basket, protection ginseng body is injury-free.Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The inventive method, can meet the demand to market greatly, also to protecting forest resources, plays a positive role with ecotope.Because it is bionic cultivation, for Ginseng under Forest back to nature and recovery gene provide favourable condition.This method is to make full use of slash, carries out intensive, three-dimensional cultivation, has small investment, benefit high, is conducive to produce healthful Chinese crud drug.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates seeding method-bunch planting schematic diagram of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 illustrates seeding method-drilling schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive below, should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
Planting experiment base is in Liuhe County, Tonghua, Jilin Province city, 125 ° 17 '～126 ° 35 of east longitude ', 41 ° 54 '～42 ° 35 of north latitude '.
1 selection of land
Selecting height above sea level is 500 meters, and the gradient is the slope, the southeast of 20 °, with toothed oak tree (age of tree is more than 20 years, more than height of tree 10m), is main broad leaved forest, the forest land of the undershrubs such as a raw shrub lespedeza, hazel bavin.Crown density 0.8.Soil is black sand humous soil or sandy soil, humus content >=3.5%, soil pH 5.5～6.5.
2 whole ground
Generally can whole ground before sowing.According to crown density, 0.8 left and right the intermediate cutting overstocked woods and undershrub, sylvan life weeds and the shrub that affects below illumination 1m are all cut off to planning clay after clear woods, by physical relief, determine and plant ginseng region, every 50m, hug a ditch downstream, retain 50cm isolation strip between growth belt, vegetation retains.
3 is live
3.1 kinds are selected
Select annual product full seed, have normal color and luster, without the long neck reed kind of infected seed, free from insect pests.
3.2 seed treatment
In gathering after fruit maturation at the beginning of 78 months the end of month, suggestion is rubbed with the hands and is removed pulp and wash in a pan only with clear water, floats except flat grain, pulls out to be placed under shady and cool ventilation place or the low light level and dries, and makes seed moisture content be not less than 14%.Adopt outdoor vernalization.Dry seed started vernalization before mid-June, water seed early August starts.Then under raintight canopy, excavate vernalization groove, the thick thin river sand of bottom land paving 5cm, reinstalls river sand and seed by 2:1 mixture, upper strata covers the thick river sand of 10cm, in groove, temperature keeps 16～18 ℃, and humidity keeps 10～15%, falls to plant once around here every 15～20 days.Generally 90～120 days can breach, treat that seed fried mouth is more than 90%, can sift out dries in the shade packs in bag (pocket will be breathed freely), is placed on aeration-drying freezer and waits to sow.
3.3 sowing
In late April, carry out bunch planting, broadcast vernalization seed.With waddy, prick cave, seeding row spacing 20 * 20cm.With rake, ground leaf weeds are hugged on operation road, 20cm * 20cm cave is apart from carrying out plane cave, Hengshan Mountain, and the dark 5cm in cave, will put down at the bottom of cave, and 3～5 seeds are put in every cave, and earthing 5～6cm covers fallen leaves again after suppression, falls leaves thickly to cover ground, to be as the criterion.Seeding quantity: sow 2 kilograms for every mu.
4 management
4.1 illumination
After Ginseng under Forest growth 5 years, need enough illumination, should adjust in time closing of standing-crop degree, in the annual summer, notice that woodland observes in two seasons of autumn, find the excessive place of crown density, need clear up in the winter time tree crown, adjust crown density 0.6～0.7.
4.2 nip off the flowers
In 5 months, the last ten-days period ginseng before blooming, bud is not pinched, when bennet growth 5cm, from 1/3 whole inflorescence being pinched on bennet.General Ginseng under Forest is not collected seed, and object is to reduce nutrient consumption to increase root weight, if subsequent production provides provenance, can after 7 years, stay once and plant, and in production practices, does not reserve seed for planting as far as possible.
4.3 weeding
In after planting one, two year, because seedling is little, weeds are easily taken advantage of seedling phenomenon, and spring should be the weeds that surpass ginseng plant height with lancinating.
4.4 draining
Should note field examination rainy season, prevents erosion, and dredged drain ditch, to the exposed place of growing surface, should supply at any time covering.Before thawing early spring and rainy season, when under ginseng seedling, moisture is excessive, near the fallen leaves can hugging out, promote moisture loss.
4.5 nurse
Ginseng under Forest ground after planting will be taked to seal woods measure, forbids people, animal to endanger.Particularly enter the Ginseng under Forest of growth after 10 years, strengthen nurse, in order to avoid stolen.
5 sick worm rat plague controls
For guaranteeing that Ginseng under Forest growing environment and quality approach wild ginseng, the control of generally not going and buy Chinese medicine, but when large area generation damage by disease and insect, also to carry out suitable chemical control, the same garden ginsent of the method for preventing and treating.
5.1 disease
When scab appears in plant, with hand, pinch the leaf of spot on the ground, prevent that it from continuing to spread.When finding the root diseased plants such as black spot, rust corruption, root rot, should excavate in time, and lime after powder sterilization, fill pollution-free new soil.
5.2 insect pest
Stem and the underground ginseng root on the nearly soil of the pest damage such as wireworm and grub surface, except in conjunction with whole and catch while loosening the soil, also can adopt the ways such as trapping, poison bait to catch and kill.
5.3 the plague of rats
Ginseng under Forest subjects to the harm of Siberian chipmunk, zokor, mountain mouse, be Ginseng under Forest produce can not depending on the important link of preventing and treating.The easy emergence period of Siberian chipmunk is in early spring and seed maturing stage; Zokor, in whole vegetative period, is contained after rain especially; Mountain mouse is after spring rain, and enter before the winter autumn.Control should be at plague of rats suffering season, to Siberian chipmunk, take cage, net to catch, then free away from region, ginseng ground, to other muroid, except apparatuses such as burying arrow, folder, cage, pressing plate underground is catched and killed, also available 0.05～0.1% diphacinone-Na or 0.05% warfarin are positioned over rat hole or growth belt periphery.Maybe will be mixed with 2～10% zinc phosphide raticide furnishing pastes, be bonded on corncob, block rat hole.
6 gather
When growth year is when more than 13 years, can reach harvesting standard, collecting time is to join leaf flavescence autumn, the bud of surviving the winter carries out before growing up.While gathering, with pick four sides within the scope of plant strain growth, expand table soil, take that not hinder ginseng root be degree, with tree root, first from plant base portion, break ground; then along main root, supporting root, fibrous root stripping soil, take; and with moss, turf or appropriate soft humus soil, be embedded in the containers such as basket, protection ginseng body is injury-free.
Embodiment 2
Planting experiment base is in Liuhe County, Tonghua, Jilin Province city, 125 ° 17 '～126 ° 35 of east longitude ', 41 ° 54 '～42 ° 35 of north latitude '.
1 selection of land
Selecting height above sea level is 600 meters, and the gradient is the slope, the southeast of 25 °, with toothed oak tree (age of tree is more than 20 years, more than height of tree 10m), is main broad leaved forest, the forest land of the undershrubs such as a raw shrub lespedeza, hazel bavin.Crown density 0.8.Soil is black sand humus soil, loam and sand loam, humus content >=3.5%, soil pH 5.5～6.5.
2 whole ground
Generally can whole ground before sowing.According to crown density, 0.8 left and right the intermediate cutting overstocked woods and undershrub, sylvan life weeds and the shrub that affects below illumination 1m are all cut off to planning clay after clear woods, by physical relief, determine and plant ginseng region, every 50m, hug a ditch downstream, retain 50cm isolation strip between growth belt, vegetation retains.
3 is live
3.1 kinds are selected
Select annual product full seed, have normal color and luster, without the long neck reed kind of infected seed, free from insect pests.
3.2 seed treatment
In gathering after fruit maturation at the beginning of 78 months the end of month, suggestion is rubbed with the hands and is removed pulp and wash in a pan only with clear water, floats except flat grain, pulls out to be placed under shady and cool ventilation place or the low light level and dries, and makes seed moisture content be not less than 14%.Adopt outdoor vernalization.Dry seed started vernalization before mid-June, water seed early August starts.Then under raintight canopy, excavate vernalization groove, the thick thin river sand of bottom land paving 5cm, reinstalls river sand and seed by 2:1 mixture, upper strata covers the thick river sand of 10cm, in groove, temperature keeps 16～18 ℃, and humidity keeps 10～15%, falls to plant once around here every 15～20 days.Generally 90～120 days can breach, treat that seed fried mouth is more than 90%, can sift out dries in the shade packs in bag (pocket will be breathed freely), is placed on aeration-drying freezer and waits to sow.
3.3 sowing
In late April, carry out drilling, broadcast vernalization seed.Mark long 20m, wide 6m growing area, 100cm operation road is stayed in interval, the Hengshan Mountain dark 7～8cm that ditches, interval 50cm.Often apart from 10cm, broadcast 1 seed, earthing 5～6cm, covers fallen leaves again after suppression, falls leaves thickly to cover ground, to be as the criterion.Seeding quantity: sow 2 kilograms for every mu.
4 management
4.1 illumination
After Ginseng under Forest growth 5 years, need enough illumination, should adjust in time closing of standing-crop degree, in the annual summer, notice that woodland observes in two seasons of autumn, find the excessive place of crown density, need clear up in the winter time tree crown, adjust crown density 0.6～0.7.
4.2 nip off the flowers
In 5 months, the last ten-days period ginseng before blooming, bud is not pinched, when bennet growth 5cm, from 1/3 whole inflorescence being pinched on bennet.General Ginseng under Forest is not collected seed, and object is to reduce nutrient consumption to increase root weight, if subsequent production provides provenance, can after 7 years, stay once and plant, and in production practices, does not reserve seed for planting as far as possible.
4.3 weeding
In after planting one, two year, because seedling is little, weeds are easily taken advantage of seedling phenomenon, and spring should be the weeds that surpass ginseng plant height with lancinating.
4.4 draining
Should note field examination rainy season, prevents erosion, and dredged drain ditch, to the exposed place of growing surface, should supply at any time covering.Before thawing early spring and rainy season, when under ginseng seedling, moisture is excessive, near the fallen leaves can hugging out, promote moisture loss.
4.5 nurse
Ginseng under Forest ground after planting will be taked to seal woods measure, forbids people, animal to endanger.Particularly enter the Ginseng under Forest of growth after 10 years, strengthen nurse, in order to avoid stolen.
5 sick worm rat plague controls
For guaranteeing that Ginseng under Forest growing environment and quality approach wild ginseng, the control of generally not going and buy Chinese medicine, but when large area generation damage by disease and insect, also to carry out suitable chemical control, the same garden ginsent of the method for preventing and treating.
5.1 disease
When scab appears in plant, with hand, pinch the leaf of spot on the ground, prevent that it from continuing to spread.When finding the root diseased plants such as black spot, rust corruption, root rot, should excavate in time, and lime after powder sterilization, fill pollution-free new soil.
5.2 insect pest
Stem and the underground ginseng root on the nearly soil of the pest damage such as wireworm and grub surface, except in conjunction with whole and catch while loosening the soil, also can adopt the ways such as trapping, poison bait to catch and kill.
5.3 the plague of rats
Ginseng under Forest subjects to the harm of Siberian chipmunk, zokor, mountain mouse, be Ginseng under Forest produce can not depending on the important link of preventing and treating.The easy emergence period of Siberian chipmunk is in early spring and seed maturing stage; Zokor, in whole vegetative period, is contained after rain especially; Mountain mouse is after spring rain, and enter before the winter autumn.Control should be at plague of rats suffering season, to Siberian chipmunk, take cage, net to catch, then free away from region, ginseng ground, to other muroid, except apparatuses such as burying arrow, folder, cage, pressing plate underground is catched and killed, also available 0.05～0.1% diphacinone-Na or 0.05% warfarin are positioned over rat hole or growth belt periphery.Maybe will be mixed with 2～10% zinc phosphide raticide furnishing pastes, be bonded on corncob, block rat hole.
6 gather
When growth year is when more than 13 years, can reach harvesting standard, collecting time is to join leaf flavescence autumn, the bud of surviving the winter carries out before growing up.While gathering, with pick four sides within the scope of plant strain growth, expand table soil, take that not hinder ginseng root be degree, with tree root, first from plant base portion, break ground; then along main root, supporting root, fibrous root stripping soil, take; and with moss, turf or appropriate soft humus soil, be embedded in the containers such as basket, protection ginseng body is injury-free.
In Fig. 1, a is spacing in the rows, and b is cave distance.
In Fig. 2, a is the plantation head of district, and b is that growing area is wide, and c is pitch spacing, and d is kind of a spacing.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have illustrated two kinds of seeding methods.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give all embodiments exhaustive, every still row in protection scope of the present invention of apparent variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out or change that belong to.
Claims (7)
1. a culture of ginseng method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) selection of land; 2) wholely; 3) seed selection; 4) sowing; 5) management; 6) extermination of disease and insect pest; 7) gather.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) described selection of land refers to select to be grown under the natural forest of 300～900 meters of height above sea level, vegetation condition be take toothed oak, linden, look tree etc. as main broad leaved forest or the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of pin, the forest land of the undershrubs such as a raw shrub lespedeza, hazel bavin; Slope aspect is selected slope, the southeast, north slope or Northwest Slope, and 10～25 ° of the gradients are selected the stage casing plantation on slope; Soil requires that subterranean water level is lower, waterlogging not, select yellow ground humus soil, black sand humus soil or sandy soil, the humus content of the soil >=3.5%, soil pH value is 5.5～6.5, soil subsoil is yellow clay, and middle level is the loess of living, and table soil is humus soil, more than thickness of soil reaches 7cm, on it, has the litter horizon of 4cm at least.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 2) described refer to broadcast preplanting treatment wholely, according to crown density 0.8 left and right the intermediate cutting overstocked woods and undershrub, sylvan life weeds and the shrub that affects below illumination 1m are all cut off, planning clay after clear woods, determines to plant by physical relief and joins region, every 30～50m, hugs a ditch downstream, between growth belt, retain 30～50cm isolation strip, vegetation retains.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 3) described seed selection refers to select the full seed of annual product, has normal color and luster, without long neck reed or the two gingival cyst of mucous gland in the newborn kinds of infected seed, free from insect pests, seed moisture content is at least 14%, and seed fried mouth is more than 90%.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 4) sowing comprises program request, depending on ground condition pit digging in forest land at random, 4cm is square, dark 7～8cm, 1～2 seed is broadcast in every hole, presses gently, and cover broken leaf after earthing;
Bunch planting, pricks cave with waddy, seeding row spacing 20 * 20cm.With rake, ground leaf weeds are hugged on operation road, by 10cm * 20cm or 20cm * 20cm cave distance, carry out plane cave, Hengshan Mountain, the dark 4cm～5cm in cave, at the bottom of cave, will put down, 3～5 seeds, earthing 5～6cm are put in every cave, after suppression, cover fallen leaves, falling leaves is thickly as the criterion to cover ground again;
Or drilling, mark long 10～20m, wide 4～6m growing area, 50～100cm operation road is stayed in interval, the Hengshan Mountain dark 7～8cm that ditches, interval 50cm.Every distance 8～10cm broadcasts 1 seed, other same bunch planting.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 5) described management comprises illumination, nips off the flowers, weeding and draining, and the condition of illumination is Ginseng under Forest growth after 5 years, and the crown density of adjusting forest are 0.6-0.7.
7. method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described in gather and refer to that growth year is surpassed to the ginseng of 13 years gathers; collecting time is to join leaf flavescence autumn, and the bud of surviving the winter carries out before growing up, and while gathering, with pick four sides within the scope of plant strain growth, expands table soil; take do not hinder ginseng root be degree; with tree root, first from plant base portion, break ground, then along main root, supporting root, fibrous root stripping soil, take, and with moss, turf or soft humus soil in right amount; be embedded in the containers such as basket, protection ginseng body is injury-free.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN104838758A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 参仙源参业股份有限公司 | Ginseng seed bombing method |
| CN105103895A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-02 | 珲春森林山参业有限公司 | Wild ginseng planting method |
| CN108184590A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-22 | 吉林紫鑫红石种养殖有限公司 | A kind of ginseng germplasm resource conservation and seed seedling mating system |
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| CN108901721A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of new and effective cultural method in ginseng farmland |
| CN110199807A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-09-06 | 通化金汇药业股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Ginseng under Forest |
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104350909A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-02-18 | 肥西县昌玖木本油料种植专业合作社 | Method for planting wild chrysanthemum flowers |
| CN104838758A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 参仙源参业股份有限公司 | Ginseng seed bombing method |
| CN105103895A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-02 | 珲春森林山参业有限公司 | Wild ginseng planting method |
| CN108605738A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-10-02 | 张洪超 | A kind of scientic planting technique of novel high yield hayashishita ginseng |
| CN108271642A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-07-13 | 集安市吉聚参业有限公司 | A kind of method for planting of the huge ginseng of edge strip |
| CN108184590A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-22 | 吉林紫鑫红石种养殖有限公司 | A kind of ginseng germplasm resource conservation and seed seedling mating system |
| CN108184591A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-22 | 吉林紫鑫红石种养殖有限公司 | A kind of method of industrialization vat plantation ginseng |
| CN108184590B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2020-05-15 | 吉林紫鑫红石种养殖有限公司 | Method for preserving ginseng germplasm resources and breeding seed seedlings |
| CN108901721A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of new and effective cultural method in ginseng farmland |
| CN110199807A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-09-06 | 通化金汇药业股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Ginseng under Forest |
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