CN105027914A - Method for interplanting blanket flower and sweet potatoes in saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Method for interplanting blanket flower and sweet potatoes in saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105027914A CN105027914A CN201510438659.XA CN201510438659A CN105027914A CN 105027914 A CN105027914 A CN 105027914A CN 201510438659 A CN201510438659 A CN 201510438659A CN 105027914 A CN105027914 A CN 105027914A
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- ipomoea batatas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for interplanting blanket flower and sweet potatoes in a saline and alkaline land. The method comprises the steps of preparation before planting, seedling raising, planting and management. In the planting step, the interplanting proportion of the blanket flower to the sweet potatoes is 3:2, trench culture is adopted for the blanket flower, and ridge culture is adopted for the sweet potatoes. The planting spacing of the sweet potatoes is 20 cm, the line spacing of the sweet potatoes is 40 cm, and two lines of sweet potatoes are planted in each ridge. The planting spacing of the blanket flower is 30 cm, the line spacing of the blanket flower is 30 cm, and two lines of blanket flower are planted in each trench. The blanket flower and the sweet potatoes are interplanted by means of the method, the survival rate of the blanket flower planted in the saline and alkaline land is 95.6%, and the survival rate of the planted sweet potatoes is 96%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to implantation methods field, saline land, relate to the interplanting method of plant in a kind of saline land, be specifically related to the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land.
Background technology
The soil salinization and secondary salinization are one of subject matter of world today's soil degradation, and saline land, whole world area is about 9.55 hundred million hm
2, China's saline-alkali soil area is about 9.91 × 107hm
2, the wherein gross area of Coastal beach about 2,350,000 hm
2.
The agricultural development of present coastal area is very fast, and a lot of beach saline land is all utilized the economic crops planting various Salt And Alkali Tolerance, but plantation common crops has a lot of handicapping condition, makes to be difficult to effective plantation.It people chrysanthemum has certain Salt And Alkali Tolerance ability, but salt resistance ability is limited, and Ipomoea batatas is planted in saline land, substantially cannot normal growth.
People from sky chrysanthemum is planted and Ipomoea batatas exists following defect: (1) people from sky chrysanthemum plantation survival rate is not high, and the florescence is shorter in the saline land of prior art; (2) Ipomoea batatas is very low in saline land plantation survival rate; (3) prior art is difficult to accomplish to improve saline land while the long-term cropping of saline land.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above deficiency, the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land be provided, realize following goal of the invention:
1, the survival rate of plantation people from sky, saline land chrysanthemum is improved, kind of blooming period prolonging; Make a day people chrysanthemum plantation survival rate be 95.6%, the florescence reaches 50 days;
2, improve the survival rate of saline land plantation Ipomoea batatas, improve plantation output; Plantation survival rate is made to be 96%;
3, while effectively utilizing alkaline land soil to plant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas, improvement saline land, reduces saline land pH and salt content, improves nutrient composition content, improves soil porosity.
for solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
An interplanting method for people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in saline land, comprises the front preparation of plantation, nursery, plantation, management process.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
Described plantation step: the interplanting ratio of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas is 3:2, people from sky chrysanthemum adopts trench culture, and Ipomoea batatas adopts ridge culture.
Described plantation step comprises plantation Ipomoea batatas: Ipomoea batatas plantation spacing is 20cm, and line-spacing 40cm, 2 row are planted on every ridge.
Described plantation step also comprises plantation people from sky chrysanthemum: people from sky chrysanthemum plantation spacing is 30cm, and line-spacing is 30cm, and 3 row planted by every ditch.
Before described plantation preparation process comprise and prepare decay agent, straw decomposing, prepare base manure, apply base manure, ridging.
Described straw decomposing: by corn straw smashing, sprays water and turns over even, makes stalk water content be 58%; Evenly be sprinkled in crushing straw by decay agent, the decay agent be sprinkled into is 1:170 with the ratio of stalk weight.
Described prepares base manure: the stalk that will become thoroughly decomposed mixes with urea, maleic anhydride, apatite, Sodium Polyacrylate, potassium peroxydisulfate, and the weight ratio of mixing is 6:4:1:2:5:3.
Described ridging: top, ridge leveling, slightly hooks the padded 5 ± 1cm of soil, row spacing 0.6 meter, ridge height 30cm, the furrow width between ridge and ridge 0.8 meter on both sides, ridge.
Adopt the inventive method interplanting people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas, planting people from sky chrysanthemum survival rate in saline land is 95.6%, and plantation Ipomoea batatas survival rate is 96%.
the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, adopt the present invention in saline land, interplant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas, people from sky chrysanthemum plantation survival rate is 95.6%, and the florescence reaches 50 days;
2, adopt the present invention in saline land, interplant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas, Ipomoea batatas plantation survival rate is 96%, and Ipomoea batatas per mu yield is 3800kg, and Ipomoea batatas mouthfeel is good, and vitamin content is up to 60mg/100g;
3, adopt the present invention in saline land, interplant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas 1 year, the soil in growing area saline land obtains obvious improvement: 0-40cm soil layer salt content is 0.3%, pH is 7.3, humus content is 4.6g/kg, full potassium content improves 8 times, and content of tatal phosphorus improves 6 times, and the bulk density of soil is 1.38g/cm
3, in soil, more than 0.25mm water-stable granular structure is 50%, and the total porosity of soil is 48%, and soil organic matter content improves 80%.
Embodiment
the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in embodiment 1 one kinds of saline lands
step 1, selection growing area saline land
The growing area saline land selected: 0-40cm soil layer salt content is 0.56-0.58%, pH is 8.2-8.3, humus content 0.3-0.5g/kg, and full potassium content is 0.2-0.4%, and the bulk density of soil is 2.12-2.23g/cm
3, in soil, more than 0.25mm water-stable granular structure is 20%, and the total porosity of soil is 30%.
prepare before step 2, plantation
(1) decay agent is prepared
A. respectively lactobacillus paraceasi, Pseudomonas stutzeri, brewer's yeast, bacillus licheniformis are carried out actication of culture, spread cultivation, culture fluid is through centrifugal, isolate slag, obtain bacteria suspension, bacteria suspension is merged, is evenly sprayed onto on starch and obtains compound microorganism bacterium powder;
In described compound microorganism bacterium powder, the content of bacterium is: lactobacillus paraceasi 20 × 10
9cFU/g, Pseudomonas stutzeri 14 × 10
9cFU/g, brewer's yeast 28 × 10
9cFU/g, bacillus licheniformis 13 × 10
9cFU/g;
Lactobacillus paraceasi of the present invention (
lactobacillusparacasei) preserving number be CICC22834, Pseudomonas stutzeri (
pseudomonasstutzeri) preserving number be ACCC01977, brewer's yeast (
saccharomycescerevisiae) preserving number is ACCC21144; Bacillus licheniformis (
bacilluslicheniformis) preserving number is ACCC02002; Above-mentioned bacterial classification is all from commercially available.
B. take above-mentioned compound microorganism bacterium powder 3 parts, 12 parts, caulis sinomenii powder, dandelion pollen 8 parts, anabena 4 parts, mix, obtained decay agent; Above-mentioned number is weight portion.
(2) straw decomposing
By corn straw smashing, spray water and turn over even, making stalk water content be 58%;
Decay agent above-mentioned steps prepared evenly is sprinkled in crushing straw, and pile the heap that becomes thoroughly decomposed of high about 1.5 meters, plastic covering film becomes thoroughly decomposed, and becomes thoroughly decomposed 50 days, obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed; The decay agent be sprinkled into is 1:170 with the ratio of stalk weight.
(3) base manure is prepared
The stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed step (2) prepared mixes with urea, maleic anhydride, apatite, Sodium Polyacrylate, potassium peroxydisulfate, and the weight ratio of mixing is 6:4:1:2:5:3; Stir after mixing, obtained base manure;
Described apatite: fineness is 80 orders.
(4) base manure is applied
Base manure above-mentioned steps prepared is sprinkled in growing area saline land, and fertilizing amount is 300kg/ mu; Then, deep ploughing 40cm, more carefully harrow, topsoil is raked.
(5) ridging
During ridging, the leveling of top, ridge, slightly hooks the padded 5 ± 1cm of soil on both sides, ridge, makes surface, ridge form shallow wide " U " shape, row spacing 0.6 meter, ridge height 30cm, the furrow width between ridge and ridge 0.8 meter, leveling in ditch.
This kind of ridging method, preserve moisture and fertility when being both beneficial to arid, makes again ridge field crops well hide salt growth, again can be waterlogging-resistant in timely draining in rainy season.
step 3, nursery
Carry out the nursery of day people chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas respectively;
A. Ipomoea batatas nursery:
Ipomoea batatas potato seed proper alignment on seedbed, cover one deck fine earth, spray sprinkler, makes ground moistening, and once, after 1 month, watering in every 3 days once in watering in later every 5 days;
When Ipomoea batatas Seedling Height reaches 15cm, start to cut seedling, within every 10 days, cut seedling once, seedling wet gauze, for planting, can be covered root before planting, keep moistening by the Ipomoea batatas seedling cut.
B. people from sky chrysanthemum nursery:
By sky people chrysanthemum seed 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water 2 hours, after people from sky chrysanthemum Seed imbibes expands, pick up, be layered on seedling medium surface, earthing 1cm is thick; Spray sprinkler, makes stromal surface moistening, and again sprinkle water after topsoil drying, every day sprinkles water 4-5 time; Noon avoids direct sunlight;
When the same day, people chrysanthemum seedling grew 4-5 sheet leaf, prepare to transplant.
step 4, plantation
By the sky people chrysanthemum that cultivates and sweet potato vine transplantation of seedlings in growing area, in same growing area, plant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas, adopt and rationally interplant, make full use of growing space; The interplanting ratio of it people chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas is 3:2, namely plants 3 row people from sky chrysanthemums and interplants 2 row Ipomoea batatas, and people from sky chrysanthemum adopts trench culture, and Ipomoea batatas adopts ridge culture.
A. plant and plant Ipomoea batatas:
April plants Ipomoea batatas, during plantation, on ridge, first digs plantation hole, plantation hole wide 20cm, long 20cm, and dark 15cm, waters water-wet in hole, prepares seedlings plugging;
The long 15-20cm of Ipomoea batatas seedling, plant seedling and to bury about 10cm, stay seedling 5-10cm on the ground, Ipomoea batatas seedling gradient is about 45 °;
Ipomoea batatas plantation spacing is 20cm, and line-spacing 40cm, 2 row are planted on every ridge.
B. plant and plant a day people chrysanthemum:
After having planted Ipomoea batatas, prepare plantation people from sky chrysanthemum;
First dig a day people chrysanthemum kind plant hole, plant the wide 10cm of plant hole, long 10cm, dark 10cm, planting depth is 8cm; The chrysanthemum seedling strain of people from sky is put into kind of a plant hole, earthing, and soil surface covers one deck matrix, and matrix is by paddy soil: rotted leaf: vermiculite: slag is obtained by mixing by weight the ratio of 2:1:1:3;
After plantation people from sky chrysanthemum, water water outlet in time, can not broad irrigation, only that soil is wetting;
It people chrysanthemum plantation spacing is 30cm, and line-spacing is 30cm, and 3 row planted by every ditch.
step 5, management
Water: the times and water volume watered, depending on soil drought situation, ensures that soil is not arid; In case of rainy season needs timely draining, avoid damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging occurs.
Topdress: the inventive method plantation Ipomoea batatas and people from sky chrysanthemum, do not need to topdress substantially, only watering in the combination of Ipomoea batatas block root expanding stage imposes urea 2kg/ mu.
Ipomoea batatas plucks top: when Ipomoea batatas stem grows to 50cm, selects fair weather to pluck terminal bud the morning; Long branch is to continuing terminal bud to extract during 35cm.
It people chrysanthemum plucks top: when height of seedling 6-10 centimetre and after having the blade of more than six, the top tip is removed, retains the 3-4 sheet leaf of bottom, impel branch.After first time pinching 3-5 week, or when side shoot grow to 6-8cm long time, carry out second time pinching, namely the top tip of side shoot removed, retain 4 leaves below side shoot.
comparative examples 1:
Adopt the implantation methods of embodiment 1, only change plantation step, plantation step is changed into: only plantation people from sky chrysanthemum, plantation spacing is 30cm, and line-spacing is 30cm.
comparative examples 2:
Adopt the implantation methods of embodiment 1, only change plantation step, plantation step changed into: only plant Ipomoea batatas, plantation spacing is 20cm, and line-spacing is 40cm.
plantation result:
(1) adopt the present invention in saline land, interplant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas 1 year, record plantation result:
It people chrysanthemum: plantation survival rate is high, and the florescence is long; Plantation survival rate is 95.6%, and the florescence reaches 50 days; Compared with comparative examples 1: it is high by 20% to plant survival rate, longer blooming period about 10 days;
Ipomoea batatas: plantation survival rate is high, and output is high, quality better, is of high nutritive value; Plantation survival rate is 96%, and Ipomoea batatas per mu yield is 3800kg, and Ipomoea batatas mouthfeel is good, and vitamin content is up to 60mg/100g; Compared with comparative examples 2: plant survival rate and improve 60%, output increased 80%.
(2) adopt the present invention in saline land, interplant people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas 1 year, the soil in growing area saline land detected:
0-40cm soil layer salt content is 0.3%, pH is 7.3, and humus content is 4.6g/kg, and full potassium content improves 8 times, and content of tatal phosphorus improves 6 times, and the bulk density of soil is 1.38g/cm
3, in soil, more than 0.25mm water-stable granular structure is 50%, and the total porosity of soil is 48%, and soil organic matter content improves 80%.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in saline land, is characterized in that: comprise preparation before plantation, nursery, plantation, management process.
2. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plantation step: the interplanting ratio of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas is 3:2, and people from sky chrysanthemum adopts trench culture, and Ipomoea batatas adopts ridge culture.
3. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described plantation step comprises plantation Ipomoea batatas: Ipomoea batatas plantation spacing is 20cm, and line-spacing 40cm, 2 row are planted on every ridge.
4. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described plantation step also comprises plantation people from sky chrysanthemum: people from sky chrysanthemum plantation spacing is 30cm, and line-spacing is 30cm, and 3 row planted by every ditch.
5. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before described plantation preparation process comprise and prepare decay agent, straw decomposing, prepare base manure, apply base manure, ridging.
6. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described straw decomposing: by corn straw smashing, sprays water and turn over even, make stalk water content be 58%; Evenly be sprinkled in crushing straw by decay agent, the decay agent be sprinkled into is 1:170 with the ratio of stalk weight.
7. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described prepares base manure: the stalk that will become thoroughly decomposed mixes with urea, maleic anhydride, apatite, Sodium Polyacrylate, potassium peroxydisulfate, the weight ratio of mixing is 6:4:1:2:5:3.
8. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described ridging: the leveling of top, ridge, slightly hooks the padded 5 ± 1cm of soil on both sides, ridge, row spacing 0.6 meter, ridge height 30cm, the furrow width between ridge and ridge 0.8 meter.
9. the interplanting method of people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas in a kind of saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt the inventive method interplanting people from sky chrysanthemum and Ipomoea batatas, planting people from sky chrysanthemum survival rate in saline land is 95.6%, and plantation Ipomoea batatas survival rate is 96%.
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| CN201510438659.XA CN105027914A (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2015-07-24 | Method for interplanting blanket flower and sweet potatoes in saline and alkaline land |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106332571A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil through companion planting of various plants |
| CN106717804A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 浦北县科学技术开发中心 | The high yield cultivating method of interplanting corn Ipomoea batatas |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106332571A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil through companion planting of various plants |
| CN106717804A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 浦北县科学技术开发中心 | The high yield cultivating method of interplanting corn Ipomoea batatas |
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