CN103444416A - Sowing and culturing methods for northland scenery wildflower combination - Google Patents
Sowing and culturing methods for northland scenery wildflower combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444416A CN103444416A CN2013104074635A CN201310407463A CN103444416A CN 103444416 A CN103444416 A CN 103444416A CN 2013104074635 A CN2013104074635 A CN 2013104074635A CN 201310407463 A CN201310407463 A CN 201310407463A CN 103444416 A CN103444416 A CN 103444416A
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Abstract
The invention relates to sowing and culturing methods for northland scenery wildflower combination. The sowing and culturing methods mainly comprise the steps of soil preparation, fertilizing, soil turning over, sowing and culturing. The sowing method specifically comprises the steps: before sowing, weighting corresponding seeds according to divided unit area land, mixing the seeds with wet sand with the size three times the size of the seeds, and uniformly scattering all the seeds in the stipulated unit area in twice; after sowing, harrowing the sown area with a rake for once, and rolling the sown area with a roller. The culturing method specifically comprises the steps of replenishing water, spraying antifreezing agent, controlling weeds, pruning, watering for protecting against cold weather and watering for sprouting. The methods have the characteristics of time saving, labor saving, good scenery effect, high survival rate, high emergence rate, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sowing and maintenance process of wild flower combination, particularly a kind of sowing and maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination.
Background technology
The wild flower combination, originate from west Development of Turf country early, from eighties of last century, just in American-European Landscape, come into vogue the seventies, but, concerning many people on circle, China gardens, it is still a very strange concept.The Chinese the earth of making colorful, we must know the wild flower combination.By tens kinds, annual, biennial and perennial wild flower seed mixes for it, its most annual wild flower has the ability of solid natural seeding, and perennial wild flower can maintain 3-5 without reseeding, and specialty research in 10 years is gone through in the combination of northern scenery series wild flower, collocation experiment repeatedly, it is gorgeous that proportioning goes out pattern, warmly bold and unrestrained, numerous in variety, the combination that rustic charm is abundant, florescence, from the spring to the autumn, blooms constantly, very lively.Nowadays northern scenery expression effect has been designed the extensive approval of institute and landscape engineering company, but current sowing and maintenance process emergence rate are low, the low low main cause of wild flower combination popularity rate that becomes of survival rate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sowing and maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination, northern scenery wild flower combination open field live broadcast, germinate easily, instant effect, flexible and changeable, growing way is strong, drought-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, wide adaptability, cultivation management is simple, water-saving, saves time, input cost is low, is applicable to various spacious place application.
In order to solve the existing problem of background technology, the invention provides a kind of sowing and maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination, its step is as follows:
1) before the sowing, prepare
1.1 level land
Withered grass fallen leaves and the weeds on surface, land clearance;
1.2 pour water
Being poured water in cleaning Hou Dui soil, earth's surface, increases soil moisture content in 20～50cm soil layer;
1.3 improvement soil
According to the soil depletion degree, after pouring water, in 2 days, spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer;
1.4 turn over
The fertilising same day or second day, turned over to soil, and ploughing depth is 20～40cm;
1.5 again improve soil
Barren degree according to soil, after ploughing deeply, soil is appended to inorganic composite fertilizer, the fertilizer ratio is: diammonium phosphate is: 57%, phosphate fertilizer is: 28%, urea is: 15%, after being mixed, fertilizer imposes below the soil layer of distance earth's surface 5cm, make fertilizer and soil fully mix, reduce the fertilizer evaporation and run off;
1.6 again level land
After having executed fertilizer, the soil of raking, remove the foreign material such as brick stone tree root tree piece;
2) sowing
2.1 first seed is sprayed with clear water, then use the seed after hydrogen peroxide is mixed cleaning, then to use 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, temperature be 25 ℃, immersion is 20 minutes～30 minutes, then, with the clear water spray, finally seed is placed on to ventilation and dries in the shade.
2.2 before sowing, seed is mixed fully, avoids because mixing the inhomogeneous kind growth distribution uneven phenomenon occurred;
2.3 the sowing time
Temperature is as the most critical index of sowing, and night in early spring, 10 ℃ of minimum temperatures continued, after one week, to start sowing;
2.4 type of seeding
2.4.1 division plot: according to landform, be divided into 200～1000m
2be a sowing unit, seeding quantity 2～5g/m
2;
2.4.2, before sowing, according to ready-portioned unit are plot, take corresponding seed, by the wet sand of the mixed upper 3 times of volumes of seed, in the unit are of regulation, evenly spread at twice, after planting, the zone with a sowing of rake combing, then grind reality with a stone roller;
2.4.3 sowed rear covering nonwoven or straw screen or mat, nonwoven is selected 15g/m
2white nonwoven, the time that nonwoven and straw screen or mat cover is to emerge when coverage rate reaches 60～70% and remove on ground, the time of covering was at 6～10 days;
2.4.4 start water spray after covering, guarantee that the soil thickness of earth's surface 5～10cm keeps the humidity more than 90%, spray every day 1～2 time, the continuous water spray time is not less than 20 days, guarantees that the 10cm soil layer is moistening;
3) maintenance process
3.1 moisture supplements
Guarantee that the regional soil layer 5～10mm of sowing is moistening;
3.2 sprinkling antifreezing agent
Harmel is worn into to meal, meal is soaked to 24h in 85% ethanol, then carry out 3 times and extract, each 60 minutes, merge extract, decompression distillation is reclaimed ethanol to paste, then use 5% hydrochloric acid repeatedly wash-out medicinal extract to the inanimate object alkali reaction, finally with ammoniacal liquor, adjust filtered fluid, be adjusted to the distilled water solution that pH value is 6, when plant to be planted is grown to 2cm and 10cm, spray respectively the distilled water solution of primary modulation;
3.3 weeds are controlled
After planting the 25th day and the 40th day, carry out 2 artificial weeding work, at first pull out local indigenous dicotyledon weeds, if grassy weed is more, adopt selective herbicide to be sprayed;
3.4 prune
3.4.1 prune for the first time
Prune for the first time after full-bloom stage and carry out, remove residual flower, the deadwood leaf, play the use of doing attractive in appearance;
3.4.2 prune for the second time
Prune for the second time after whole florescences finish, before freezing, the acrial part dead twigs and withered leaves stayed below 5cm and prunes away, mainly for prevent fire, attractive in appearance, be convenient to water winter and freeze water and water the water of turning green spring;
Freeze water 3.5 water
When night, minimum mean temperature continued 1 week lower than 5 ℃, start to water and freeze water, guarantee that the regional soil layer 1～20cm of sowing is moistening;
3.6 water the water of turning green
Carry out before spring, the plants began to shoot, start to water the water of turning green, guarantee that the regional soil layer 10～20cm of sowing is moistening;
Preferred version is: the straw screen or mat of having sowed rear covering adopts the individual layer straw screen or mat.
Preferred version is: weed killer herbicide is selected smart quizalofopethyl.
Preferred version is: use rotovator to carry out real tillage.
Preferred version is: fertilizer is selected cow dung.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: time and labour saving, landscape effect is good, survival rate is high and the emergence rate high, the northern scenery is more much lower than cold-season type lawn to the requirement of soil, manage more extensive again, cost, but afforestation effect is splendid.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts following specific embodiments:
1) before the sowing, prepare
1.1 level land
Withered grass fallen leaves and the weeds on surface, land clearance;
1.2 pour water
Being poured water in cleaning Hou Dui soil, earth's surface, increases soil moisture content in 20～50cm soil layer;
1.3 improvement soil
According to the soil depletion degree, spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer in 2 days after pouring water, can select cow dung as fertilizer;
1.4 turn over
The fertilising same day or second day, turned over to soil, and ploughing depth is 20～40cm, uses rotovator to carry out real tillage;
1.5 again improve soil
Barren degree according to soil, after ploughing deeply, soil is appended to inorganic composite fertilizer, the fertilizer ratio is: diammonium phosphate is: 57%, phosphate fertilizer is: 28%, urea is: 15%, after being mixed, fertilizer imposes below the soil layer of distance earth's surface 5cm, make fertilizer and soil fully mix, reduce the fertilizer evaporation and run off;
1.6 again level land
After having executed fertilizer, the soil of raking, remove the foreign material such as brick stone tree root tree piece;
2) sowing
2.1 first seed is sprayed with clear water, then use the seed after hydrogen peroxide is mixed cleaning, then to use 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, temperature be 25 ℃, immersion is 20 minutes～30 minutes, then, with the clear water spray, finally seed is placed on to ventilation and dries in the shade.
2.2 before sowing, seed is mixed fully, avoids because mixing the inhomogeneous kind growth distribution uneven phenomenon occurred;
2.3 the sowing time
Temperature is as the most critical index of sowing, and night in early spring, 10 ℃ of minimum temperatures continued, after one week, to start sowing;
2.4 type of seeding
2.4.1 division plot: according to landform, be divided into 200～1000m
2be a sowing unit, seeding quantity 2～5g/m
2;
2.4.2, before sowing, according to ready-portioned unit are plot, take corresponding seed, by the wet sand of the mixed upper 3 times of volumes of seed, in the unit are of regulation, evenly spread at twice, after planting, the zone with a sowing of rake combing, then grind reality with a stone roller;
2.4.3 sowed rear covering nonwoven or straw screen or mat, nonwoven is selected 15g/m
2white nonwoven, the straw screen or mat of having sowed rear covering adopts the individual layer straw screen or mat, the time that nonwoven and straw screen or mat cover is to emerge when coverage rate reaches 60～70% and remove on ground, the time of covering was at 6～10 days;
2.4.4 start water spray after covering, guarantee that the soil thickness of earth's surface 5～10cm keeps the humidity more than 90%, spray every day 1～2 time, the continuous water spray time is not less than 20 days, guarantees that the 10cm soil layer is moistening;
3) maintenance process
3.1 moisture supplements
Guarantee that the regional soil layer 5～10mm of sowing is moistening;
3.2 sprinkling antifreezing agent
Harmel is worn into to meal, meal is soaked to 24h in 85% ethanol, then carry out 3 times and extract, each 60 minutes, merge extract, decompression distillation is reclaimed ethanol to paste, then use 5% hydrochloric acid repeatedly wash-out medicinal extract to the inanimate object alkali reaction, finally with ammoniacal liquor, adjust filtered fluid, be adjusted to the distilled water solution that pH value is 6, when plant to be planted is grown to 2cm and 10cm, spray respectively the distilled water solution of primary modulation;
3.3 weeds are controlled
After planting the 25th day and the 40th day, carry out 2 artificial weeding work, at first pull out local indigenous dicotyledon weeds, if grassy weed is more, adopt selective herbicide to be sprayed, weed killer herbicide is selected smart quizalofopethyl;
3.4 prune
3.4.1 prune for the first time
Prune for the first time after full-bloom stage and carry out, remove residual flower, the deadwood leaf, play the use of doing attractive in appearance;
3.4.2 prune for the second time
Prune for the second time after whole florescences finish, before freezing, the acrial part dead twigs and withered leaves stayed below 5cm and prunes away, mainly for prevent fire, attractive in appearance, be convenient to water winter and freeze water and water the water of turning green spring;
Freeze water 3.5 water
When night, minimum mean temperature continued 1 week lower than 5 ℃, start to water and freeze water, guarantee that the regional soil layer 1～20cm of sowing is moistening;
3.6 water the water of turning green
Carry out before spring, the plants began to shoot, start to water the water of turning green, guarantee that the regional soil layer 10～20cm of sowing is moistening.
After-culture: 1, after-culture is to maintain the effective method of wild flower landscape effect, and people can add kind according to the wish of oneself.After withering in the wild flower later stage, once cut and cut, next spring soil thaw after after-culture.At cold district, sowing in autumn will be a little later.In order to avoid germinate before Second Year arrival in spring, thereby cause winter severe cold that seedling is freezed to death.The warmer climate area, autumn sowing will more as early as possible, guarantee prematurity next spring.Adopt the way at the soil surface trench digging during after-culture, guarantee soil and seed good contact.
2, after planting 4～6 week scholar earth must keep certain humidity, to guarantee that seed can well germinate.Seeding quantity is correctly grasped in our suggestion, between after-culture amount suggestion 1～2.5g.If during reseeding, seed amount is too much, may cause wild flower too intensive, undergrowth.
If 3 your targets are mainly perennial wild flowers, check the place of wild flower plantation, rough estimate has the perennial flowers of how much quantity there, and the perennial flowers of how many kinds are arranged.If be piece vacant lot fully, can sow so a large amount of our existing mixing wild flower kinds or by the wild flower hybrid of customer requirement preparation.Allow the perennial wild flower of the intensive covering in whole plantation space be a kind of good method of controlling weeds.
Adopt the method, the more traditional sowing of emergence rate of northern scenery wild flower combination and the emergence rate of maintenance process have improved 67.86%, and survival rate has improved 23.68%.
The flowers of using in the wild flower combination have stronger adaptability and resistance mostly.Wild flower combines once sowing, can keep blooming continuously for many years constantly, and the florescence is the longest, and the flower type is various, the purpose that pattern is widest in area.The wild flower combination has time and labour saving, and landscape effect is good, saves water source, the characteristics of extensive management.Wild flower water demand ratio lawn is few, and management is saved trouble than potted flower again, is the good substitute of turfgrass, potted flower.General wild flower combination seeding quantity is 2～3g/m
2, the seed cost is at 1～3 yuan/m
2left and right, with low cost.The highest kind of cost performance in greening.Once sowing can maintain landscape effect for many years, the more economical practicality of the seed costs that on average gets off.Although cost, afforestation effect is splendid.
Wild flower combination sowing is simple, only need simply broadcast sowing.Adaptive capacity is stronger, and the factors such as illumination, soil, temperature are had to wider requirement, can according to your thinking, beautify the environment in any place; Extensive management safeguards that simply the wild flower combination requires lower to liquid manure, as long as seedling is given enough abundant moisture in earlier stage, the later stage regularly waters, and in some rainwater more regions, relies on rainfall just can maintain landscape effect.
Claims (5)
1. sowing and the maintenance process of a northern scenery wild flower combination, is characterized in that, according to following step, implements:
1) before the sowing, prepare
1.1 level land
Withered grass fallen leaves and the weeds on surface, land clearance;
1.2 pour water
Being poured water in cleaning Hou Dui soil, earth's surface, increases soil moisture content in 20～50cm soil layer;
1.3 improvement soil
According to the soil depletion degree, after pouring water, in 2 days, spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer;
1.4 turn over
The fertilising same day or second day, turned over to soil, and ploughing depth is 20～40cm;
1.5 again improve soil
Barren degree according to soil, after ploughing deeply, soil is appended to inorganic composite fertilizer, the fertilizer ratio is: diammonium phosphate is: 57%, phosphate fertilizer is: 28%, urea is: 15%, after being mixed, fertilizer imposes below the soil layer of distance earth's surface 5cm, make fertilizer and soil fully mix, reduce the fertilizer evaporation and run off;
1.6 again level land
After having executed fertilizer, the soil of raking, remove the foreign material such as brick stone tree root tree piece;
2) sowing
2.1 first seed is sprayed with clear water, then use the seed after hydrogen peroxide is mixed cleaning, then to use 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, temperature be 25 ℃, immersion is 20 minutes～30 minutes, then, with the clear water spray, finally seed is placed on to ventilation and dries in the shade.
2.2 before sowing, seed is mixed fully, avoids because mixing the inhomogeneous kind growth distribution uneven phenomenon occurred;
2.3 the sowing time
Temperature is as the most critical index of sowing, and night in early spring, 10 ℃ of minimum temperatures continued, after one week, to start sowing;
2.4 type of seeding
2.4.1 division plot: according to landform, be divided into 200～1000m
2be a sowing unit, seeding quantity 2～5g/m
2;
2.4.2, before sowing, according to ready-portioned unit are plot, take corresponding seed, by the wet sand of the mixed upper 3 times of volumes of seed, in the unit are of regulation, evenly spread at twice, after planting, the zone with a sowing of rake combing, then grind reality with a stone roller;
2.4.3 sowed rear covering nonwoven or straw screen or mat, nonwoven is selected 15g/m
2white nonwoven, the time that nonwoven and straw screen or mat cover is to emerge when coverage rate reaches 60～70% and remove on ground, the time of covering was at 6～10 days;
2.4.4 start water spray after covering, guarantee that the soil thickness of earth's surface 5～10cm keeps the humidity more than 90%, spray every day 1～2 time, the continuous water spray time is not less than 20 days, guarantees that the 10cm soil layer is moistening;
3) maintenance process
3.1 moisture supplements
Guarantee that the regional soil layer 5～10mm of sowing is moistening;
3.2 sprinkling antifreezing agent
Harmel is worn into to meal, meal is soaked to 24h in 85% ethanol, then carry out 3 times and extract, each 60 minutes, merge extract, decompression distillation is reclaimed ethanol to paste, then use 5% hydrochloric acid repeatedly wash-out medicinal extract to the inanimate object alkali reaction, finally with ammoniacal liquor, adjust filtered fluid, be adjusted to the distilled water solution that pH value is 6, when plant to be planted is grown to 2cm and 10cm, spray respectively the distilled water solution of primary modulation;
3.3 weeds are controlled
After planting the 25th day and the 40th day, carry out 2 artificial weeding work, at first pull out local indigenous dicotyledon weeds, if grassy weed is more, adopt selective herbicide to be sprayed;
3.4 prune
3.4.1 prune for the first time
Prune for the first time after full-bloom stage and carry out, remove residual flower, the deadwood leaf, play the use of doing attractive in appearance;
3.4.2 prune for the second time
Prune for the second time after whole florescences finish, before freezing, the acrial part dead twigs and withered leaves stayed below 5cm and prunes away, mainly for prevent fire, attractive in appearance, be convenient to water winter and freeze water and water the water of turning green spring;
Freeze water 3.5 water
When night, minimum mean temperature continued 1 week lower than 5 ℃, start to water and freeze water, guarantee that the regional soil layer 1～20cm of sowing is moistening;
3.6 water the water of turning green
Carry out before spring, the plants began to shoot, start to water the water of turning green, guarantee that the regional soil layer 10～20cm of sowing is moistening.
2. sowing and the maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the straw screen or mat of having sowed rear covering adopts the individual layer straw screen or mat.
3. sowing and the maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination according to claim 1, is characterized in that, weed killer herbicide is selected smart quizalofopethyl.
4. sowing and the maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination according to claim 1, is characterized in that, uses rotovator to carry out real tillage.
5. sowing and the maintenance process of northern scenery wild flower combination according to claim 1, is characterized in that, fertilizer is selected cow dung.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104115649A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Near-winter-seeding wild flower combination and planting method thereof |
| CN104115650A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Greening method for saline-alkaline land |
| CN105145237A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 王振华 | Plantation method for bananas |
| CN105875150A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | Method for controlling weeds during wild flower combination construction |
| CN109122086A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method of ramie seed sowing in the field |
| CN109566323A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 汇绿园林建设发展有限公司 | Youth-and-old-age, flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum seed, which are broadcast, spends extra large construction method |
| CN109601319A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-12 | 佛山市新城园林绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of method of colored Tian Huahai coreopsis and the combination cultivation of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum |
| CN113951079A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-21 | 苏州园林营造产业集团股份有限公司 | Garden mixed-sowing flower-plot sowing method |
| CN114330785A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-04-12 | 北京绿佳杰园林工程有限公司 | Intelligent saving type maintenance system and method for garden vegetation |
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| CN104115649A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Near-winter-seeding wild flower combination and planting method thereof |
| CN104115650A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Greening method for saline-alkaline land |
| CN104115649B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2015-12-02 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | One faces the combination of winter adopted son wild flower and implantation methods thereof |
| CN104115650B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-08-03 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of saline land greening method |
| CN105145237A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 王振华 | Plantation method for bananas |
| CN105145237B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2018-06-19 | 宁波远志立方能源科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of banana |
| CN105875150A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | Method for controlling weeds during wild flower combination construction |
| CN109566323A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 汇绿园林建设发展有限公司 | Youth-and-old-age, flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum seed, which are broadcast, spends extra large construction method |
| CN109122086A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method of ramie seed sowing in the field |
| CN109601319A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-12 | 佛山市新城园林绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of method of colored Tian Huahai coreopsis and the combination cultivation of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum |
| CN113951079A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-21 | 苏州园林营造产业集团股份有限公司 | Garden mixed-sowing flower-plot sowing method |
| CN114330785A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-04-12 | 北京绿佳杰园林工程有限公司 | Intelligent saving type maintenance system and method for garden vegetation |
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