CN102428813A - Winter cultivation method of garlic sowed in autumn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a winter cultivation method of garlic sowed in autumn, comprising the steps of a sowing method of garlic sowed in autumn and a winter cultivation method, wherein the winter cultivation method comprises regular sprout post-management, management of garlic flower bud and phosphorus bud differentiation phase, management of garlic sprout production phase and management of garlic expanding phase. The winter cultivation method of garlic disclosed by the invention effectively improves survival rate and harvesting yield of the winter garlic during the planting period; it is shown that the number of the garlic planted by the method is improved by 45,000-60,000 from 15,000-18,000 per mu by test; the rational compact plantation demand is achieved and the land usage rate is increased; the garlic spends the winter smoothly and the seedling is not damaged; after turning green, the regular sprout rate is more than 98% and the yield is improved by 40-50%; the content of the trace element of the garlic has no difference with that of the garlic planted in the other area and local area.

Description

The method of overwintering cultivation of a kind of autumn sowing garlic

Technical field

The invention belongs to the planting garlic field, the method for overwintering cultivation of especially a kind of autumn sowing garlic.

Background technology

China's planting garlic area is bigger, the at present full artificial planting that leans on, and inefficiency, labour intensity is big, planting cost is high; Plantation of scale property and the economic benefit of garlic have directly been influenced; Can't satisfy vast plantation dealer's demand, especially regional to the north of China the Yellow River, people carry out garlic production with traditional cropping pattern for many years; Because campaign is short; The garlic output of this area is lower than one times in Shandong, Henan, quality and various micronutrient levels than Henan, Shandong is seriously on the low side, the problem that garlic can not the autumn planting spring be received is perplexing these regional planting garlic persons always; And how can effectively improve survive the winter garlic output and quality, can direct relation the cultivation method of garlic that find a kind of autumn planting spring to receive.

Through retrieval, do not find the patent documentation relevant as yet with teachings herein.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point of prior art, a kind of method of overwintering cultivation that is applicable to a kind of autumn sowing garlic of north China is provided.

The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of purpose is following:

The method of overwintering cultivation of a kind of autumn sowing garlic the steps include:

(1) manage behind the neat seedling: the garlic seedling is watered once short seedling water after growing three leaves, and intertill and clean tillage, waters the water of surviving the winter before soil freezes, and removes and draws warm fertile 8-10 cube of every mu of tiling in back, and average thickness is 4-5cm, with 0.008 plastic mulching compacting;

(2) garlic bud, phosphorus bud idiophase management: the beginning of spring weather gradually warm, take off film, water and turn green water once, every mu imposes nitrogenous fertilizer 3-4kg;

(3) garlic stems management campaign: watered once in per 7 days, garlic stems is gathered and was cut off the water in preceding 4 days;

(4) head of garlic expanding stage management: garlic stems is gathered in the back 1～5 day every mu and is appended nitrogenous fertilizer 2-3kg, potash fertilizer 2-4kg, and watered once in every 5-6 days, cut off the water in 5-7 days before gathering.

And the type of seeding step of described autumn sowing garlic is:

Arable land preliminary treatment and kind are selected:

(1) basal dressing: every mu applies the fertilizer 5000-6000kg that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, nitrogenous fertilizer 5-6kg, phosphate fertilizer 6-7kg;

(2) wholely: do furrow, soil is ploughed the thin leveling of back rake, and furrow are wide 1.3 meters, and furrow are apart from 30-36cm;

(3) kind is selected: select local high-quality for use, produce red skin four or six lobes of strong stress resistance;

Sowing:

(4) sowing time is selected: every year, September, 20-25 sowed between day, and daily mean temperature is stabilized in 20-22 ℃;

(5) thickness of sowing and sowing quantity: flat furrow plantation line-spacing 12-15cm, spacing in the rows 6-8cm, every mu of sowing 45000-60000 strain, sowing quantity 150-200kg;

(6) type of seeding: water furrow planting, earlier at cultivating bed one side trench digging, dark 4-5cm is by the spacing in the rows sowing.Row is opened the second ditch again, covers article one ditch with ditch soil, carries out in regular turn.The shallow furrow face of stepping on of raking after having dialled waters;

(7) spray herbicide: every mu is used 150ml content is 33% pendimethalin missible oil.

Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:

1, method of overwintering cultivation of garlic provided by the invention has effectively improved the garlic that survives the winter in the survival rate of planting season and the output of gathering, and test shows, utilizes the garlic of this method plantation; Can bring up to 4.5 ten thousand-60,000 by every mu of original strain several 1.5 ten thousand-1.8 ten thousand; Reached the requirement of rational close planting, increased the land use rate, steadily survived the winter; No seedling injury; The back full stand rate of turning green reaches more than 98%, and output has improved 40%～50%, and the garlic that its micronutrient levels is planted than other areas and this area at ordinary times is as good as.

2, in the method for overwintering cultivation of garlic provided by the invention, under the prerequisite of watering the freeze-up water of foot, the warm fertilizer that tiles is cow dung floor file 4-5cm, and plastic mulching is filled the bursting by freezing slit with insulation soil in addition, has reached the purpose of insulation, soil moisture conservation.And this method is simple to operation, and production cost is low, and its by-products content is also considerable, has improved added value, has excellent generalization values.

Embodiment

Through specific embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description below, following examples are descriptive, are not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.

The method of overwintering cultivation of a kind of autumn sowing garlic the steps include:

Beautiful eyes planting garlic method: comprise that arable land preliminary treatment and kind are selected and sowing, wherein:

Arable land preliminary treatment and kind are selected:

(1) basal dressing: every mu applies the fertilizer 5000-6000kg that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, nitrogenous fertilizer 5-6kg, phosphate fertilizer 6-7kg;

(2) wholely: do furrow, soil is ploughed the thin leveling of back rake, and furrow are wide 1.3 meters, and furrow are apart from 30-36cm;

(3) kind is selected: select local high-quality for use, produce red skin four or six lobes of strong stress resistance;

Sowing:

(4) sowing time is selected: every year, September, 20-25 sowed between day, and daily mean temperature is stabilized in 20-22 ℃;

(5) thickness of sowing and sowing quantity: flat furrow plantation line-spacing 12-15cm, spacing in the rows 6-8cm, every mu of sowing 45000-60000 strain, sowing quantity 150-200kg;

(6) type of seeding: water furrow planting, earlier at cultivating bed one side trench digging, dark 4-5cm is by the spacing in the rows sowing.Row is opened the second ditch again, covers article one ditch with ditch soil, carries out in regular turn.The shallow furrow face of stepping on of raking after having dialled waters;

(7) spray herbicide: every mu is used 150ml content is that 33% pendimethalin missible oil or 50-100ml content are 24% ethoxy Buddhist grass ether;

Method of overwintering cultivation:

(8) manage behind the neat seedling: the garlic seedling is watered once short seedling water after growing three leaves, and intertill and clean tillage, waters the water of surviving the winter before soil freezes; Remove and draw fertile 9 cubes of every mu of tiling temperature in back, average thickness is 5cm, with 0.008 plastic mulching compacting; Fill the bursting by freezing slit, reached the purpose of insulation, soil moisture conservation.；

(9) garlic bud, phosphorus bud idiophase management: the beginning of spring weather gradually warm, take off film, water and turn green water once, every mu imposes nitrogenous fertilizer 3-4kg;

(10) garlic stems management campaign: watered once in per 7 days, garlic stems is gathered and was cut off the water in preceding 4 days;

(11) head of garlic expanding stage management: garlic stems is gathered in the back 1～5 day every mu and is appended nitrogenous fertilizer 2-3kg, potash fertilizer 2-4kg, and watered once in every 5-6 days, cut off the water in 5-7 days before gathering.

The garlic of method of overwintering cultivation plantation provided by the invention, its survival rate can be brought up to more than 98%, and output has improved 40%～50%.And when screening garlic kind, sandwich valvula garlic wherein can carry out blanched garlic leaves production, further improves the economic benefit of plantation.For garlic can be gone on the market before the prerequisite in the Spring Festival, can see that freezing the back added the cold canopy of button in 7-10 days on the garlic of plantation at soil, make garlic precocious, improve the economic benefit of plantation.

Claims (2)

1. the method for overwintering cultivation of an autumn sowing garlic is characterized in that: the steps include:

(1) manage behind the neat seedling: the garlic seedling is watered once short seedling water after growing three leaves, and intertill and clean tillage, waters the water of surviving the winter before soil freezes, and removes and draws warm fertile 8-10 cube of every mu of tiling in back, and average thickness is 4-5cm, with 0.008 plastic mulching compacting;

(2) garlic bud, phosphorus bud idiophase management: the beginning of spring weather gradually warm, take off film, water and turn green water once, every mu imposes nitrogenous fertilizer 3-4kg;

(3) garlic stems management campaign: watered once in per 7 days, garlic stems is gathered and was cut off the water in preceding 4 days;

(4) head of garlic expanding stage management: garlic stems is gathered in the back 1～5 day every mu and is appended nitrogenous fertilizer 2-3kg, potash fertilizer 2-4kg, and watered once in every 5-6 days, cut off the water in 5-7 days before gathering.

2. the method for overwintering cultivation of autumn sowing garlic according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the type of seeding step of described autumn sowing garlic comprises arable land preliminary treatment and kind selection and sowing, and its each step is respectively:

Arable land preliminary treatment and kind are selected:

(1) basal dressing: every mu applies the fertilizer 5000-6000kg that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, nitrogenous fertilizer 5-6kg, phosphate fertilizer 6-7kg;

(2) wholely: do furrow, soil is ploughed the thin leveling of back rake, and furrow are wide 1.3 meters, and furrow are apart from 30-36cm;

(3) kind is selected: select local high-quality for use, produce red skin four or six lobes of strong stress resistance;

Sowing:

(4) sowing time is selected: every year, September, 20-25 sowed between day, and daily mean temperature is stabilized in 20-22 ℃;

(5) thickness of sowing and sowing quantity: flat furrow plantation line-spacing 12-15cm, spacing in the rows 6-8cm, every mu of sowing 45000-60000 strain, sowing quantity 150-200kg;

(6) type of seeding: water furrow planting, earlier at cultivating bed one side trench digging, dark 4-5cm is by the spacing in the rows sowing.Row is opened the second ditch again, covers article one ditch with ditch soil, carries out in regular turn.The shallow furrow face of stepping on of raking after having dialled waters;

(7) spray herbicide: every mu is used 150ml content is 33% pendimethalin missible oil.