CN103283474A - Arrowhead autumn facility cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an arrowhead autumn facility cultivation method. After facility early-spring vegetable crop-rotation period from the end of June to the first and middle ten-day of July, thick terminal buds of facility early-spring cultivation arrowheads are selected in non-continuous cropping arrowhead fields and are cultivated into the fields in a direct-seeding mode at intervals of 30-40cm, and conventional water and fertilizer management is conducted. When the temperature reduces to a value below 20 DEG C, top films cover the field, and the two sides of the field are ventilated; when the temperature reduces to a value below 15 DEG C, the field are fully covered by films. Arrowheads are harvested to appear on the market according to market requirements after the stem leaves above the ground are withered in winter and before early spring crops are planted next year.

Description

A kind of arrowhead facility cultivation method in autumn

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of arrowhead facility cultivation method in autumn.Belong to agricultural (vegetables) culture technique field.

Background technology

The arrowhead outdoor cropping is generally grown seedlings in the first tenday period of a month in mid-April to May, and its terminal bud rugosity 0.6-1cm is advisable.Excessive as kind of ball, sowing quantity is big, and fast growth, and meat is loose, storage tolerance not, and behind the raise seedling planting, plant cauline leaf growth Yi Guosheng makes institute's balling stem less than normal on the contrary.But if the kind bulb is too small, often cause the plant strain growth quantity not sufficient, yield and quality is relatively poor.Transplant at the beginning of May to 8 month the land for growing field crops (the Zhao Youwei chief editor, Chinese aquatic vegetable, Chinese agriculture publishing house, 1999:72-73).If according to said method, shift to an earlier date crops for rotation late Junes in the booth spring and allow the stubble back transplant, nursery stage reaches 2 months, and the field of growing seedlings occupies cultivated land, has reduced the cultivated land utilization rate.Early spring, the listing (Qian Zhonggui that can begin to gather was by the end of June cultivated on protection ground; the precocious efficient mated culture technique of booth arrowhead; the Changjiang river vegetables, 2010.3:32), therefore; once proposed with the arrowhead terminal bud that the spring the shifts to an earlier date cultivation and collection back field planting of growing seedlings; and the space between plants of field planting is reduced to 25-30cm, covered with plastic film insulation (Jiang Xiezeng, arrowhead facility cultivation main points when mid or late October, temperature was down to 15 ℃ of left and right sides; farmers' gets rich, 2011.16:32).But a little less than finding that in practice less terminal bud institute seedling raising growing way; The top closing of space between plants reduction back colony are serious, cause the excessive growth of part plant; Mid or late October may have cold wave invasion and attack and early frost occur, still has after the covered with plastic film insulation part top vane to endure cold and wither after frost is beaten again, and overground part is grown and is significantly affected.Cause finally that balling is less, output is lower.In addition, find in the production that growing way dies down after the arrowhead continuous cropping, output obviously descends.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome above-mentioned defective, the invention provides a kind of arrowhead facility cultivation method in autumn, utilize the facility spring to cultivate the sturdy terminal bud of freshly harvested arrowhead in advance, at live, the conventional water and fertilizer management of non-continuous cropping arrowhead field piece, with suitable space between plants, in time cover measure such as teleblem frost prevention and combine, realized the high yield of arrowhead facility cultivation in autumn.

A kind of arrowhead facility cultivation method in autumn, be the non-arrowhead continuous cropping field piece facility spring shift to an earlier date vegetables allow behind the stubble by the end of June～July early and middle ten days, choose the sturdy terminal bud that the facility spring shifts to an earlier date the arrowhead bulb, by the live field of 30～40cm spacing.

Method of the present invention particularly, may further comprise the steps:

(1) late June is to the early and middle ten days in July, shifts to an earlier date vegetables in the facility spring of non-arrowhead continuous cropping field piece and gathers and finish to allow behind the stubble, in time clear field, basal dressing, ploughs, flattens, pours water;

(2) shift to an earlier date in the product that arrowhead gathers in the facility spring, select the sturdy terminal bud of big bulb, terminal bud to rectificate 6cm above, more than the thick 1cm of base portion;

(3) the arrowhead terminal bud is by the live field of 30～40cm spacing, and conventional water, fertilizer are managed;

(4) when being down to below 20 ℃, temperature covers teleblem, both sides ventilation, all standing when temperature is down to below 15 ℃;

(5) winter, the overground part cauline leaf was withered back to stubble plantation in early spring in next year, the listing of gathering.

Advantage of the present invention is: (1) has saved the arrowhead land used of growing seedlings, and that has avoided that a transplantation of seedlings causes hinders root, slow seedling problem; (2) realized that preferably crops for rotation closely are connected, improved the cultivated land utilization rate; (3) sturdy terminal bud and early cover teleblem has guaranteed the stronger growth potential of arrowhead plant, has avoided the early frost harm that may occur.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is arrowhead growth in autumn (blooming) photo.

Embodiment

(1) implement in Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences experiment base, for saving recruitment, reducing to take off and cover breakage, the booth teleblem is not taken off always productions in, and warm season, only ventilation was opened at both sides and two ends.Booth melon-fruit-like vegetable in spring (greenhouse watermelon in early spring is selected in this test for use) is gathered by the end of June and is finished back cleaning field piece in time, uses sufficient base manure, executes the fertilizer 2500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, S-based compound fertilizer 20kg for every mu, and it is dark to plough soil 20cm, an animal-drawn seed plough soil crushing, the furrow face of raking.

(2) July 5, buy the facility ealy maturing culture arrowhead product of local main breed " Zi Yuan of Baoying County " from the local market, select the sturdy terminal bud of big bulb, require the long 6cm of terminal bud, more than the thick 1cm of base portion.

(3) same day, poured water to full Tian Youshui in the field when selecting the arrowhead terminal bud, treats to ooze under the open fire, furrow face mud is mashed, and the arrowhead terminal bud of choosing is planted by the 40cm spacing, and transplant depth is 2/3 to bury.

(4) growth the early stage keeps always that teleblem covers, booth both sides and two ends open ventilation (Fig. 1); Came into effect all standing on October 20, to guarantee temperature of shed and population growth.

(5) gather by the end of December, the heavy 45.1g of average single bulb, several 8 of individual plant balling stem is amounted to per mu yield and is reached 1203kg.

Claims (4)

1. arrowhead facility cultivation method in autumn is characterized in that: the non-arrowhead continuous cropping field piece facility spring shift to an earlier date vegetables allow behind the stubble by the end of June～July early and middle ten days, choose the sturdy terminal bud that the facility spring shifts to an earlier date the arrowhead bulb, by the live field of 30～40cm spacing.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: more than the long 6cm of terminal bud, more than the thick 1cm of base portion.

3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: cover teleblem, both sides ventilation when temperature is down to below 20 ℃.

4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:

(1) late June is to the early and middle ten days in July, shifts to an earlier date vegetables in the facility spring of non-arrowhead continuous cropping field piece and gathers and finish to allow behind the stubble, in time clear field, basal dressing, ploughs, flattens, pours water;

(2) shift to an earlier date in the product that arrowhead gathers in the facility spring, select the sturdy terminal bud of big bulb, terminal bud to rectificate 6cm above, more than the thick 1cm of base portion;

(3) the arrowhead terminal bud is by the live field of 30～40cm spacing, and conventional water, fertilizer are managed;

(4) when being down to below 20 ℃, temperature covers teleblem, both sides ventilation, all standing when temperature is down to below 15 ℃;

(5) winter, the overground part cauline leaf was withered back to stubble plantation in early spring in next year, the listing of gathering.

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