CN105638213A - Simple planting method of sagittaria sagittifolia - Google Patents
Simple planting method of sagittaria sagittifolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638213A CN105638213A CN201610019905.2A CN201610019905A CN105638213A CN 105638213 A CN105638213 A CN 105638213A CN 201610019905 A CN201610019905 A CN 201610019905A CN 105638213 A CN105638213 A CN 105638213A
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- arrowhead
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a simple planting method of sagittaria sagittifolia. The sagittaria sagittifolia is planted as a later crop of a graminaceous crop. According to the simple planting method, mechanized trenching and mechanized harvesting are fully utilized, on one hand, labor can be saved, field input cost is reduced, and the yield of the unit area is increased; on the other hand, mechanized planting is greatly adopted, a traditional planting mode is changed, and it is beneficial to scaled development of the sagittaria sagittifolia industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural, particularly the technical field of cultivation of vegetables.
Background technology
Arrowhead (Sagittariasagittifolia), do again arrowhead, belong to Alismataceae (Alismataceae) arrowhead and belong to (SagittariaLinn.), be perennial root aquatic herbaceous plant, be distributed widely in China the Yangtze valley and on the south each province, cultivated area is every year at 20000hm2Left and right. Arrowhead, as the food of integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, has higher medicine and health care and is worth, except unstructuredness carbohydrate (sugar, starch), also containing materials such as mineral substance and vitamin B group, choline, trimethyl-glycine such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium. In recent years, along with continually developing along with the intensification recognized by arrowhead and arrowhead converted products, cultivated area also has the trend of expansion rapidly.
Traditional arrowhead kind method for planting relates generally to following content:
(1) front stubble cleaning
Wheat or early rice need to be processed by field straw after gathering in the crops, and some peasant household is directly at field crop straw burning; Also some peasant household needs to concentrate stalk farm implements, and field is hauled out in entrucking.
(2) prepare before planting
Tradition arrowhead kind method for planting 7-10 days before the transplanting 20cm that to be deep ploughed, then carry out discharging water waterlogged plot, within 1-2 days, apply after base manure plow harrow field again before transplanting, leveling, carefully whole, the shoaling layer of maintenance about 5cm.
(3) paddy field is transplanted
Arrowhead is extracted with root by tradition arrowhead kind method for planting in transplanting in rice seedling bed, removes outer foil and part petiole, only retains rice shoot 1-2 sheet lobus cardiacus, and field of vertically planting, the degree of depth is advisable with about 15cm, with filling and leading up by root.
(4) gather in the crops
Tradition arrowhead kind method for planting results rely on artificial completely. Manually look for after digging with instruments such as fork, spades after needing band water to touch arrowhead or put dry water in field and picking up. The traditional method plantation general per mu yield 1000-1500kg of arrowhead.
In tradition plantation, preceding crop cleaning crop straw burning then pollutes the environment, and is also unfavorable for the accumulation of soil organic matter content. Stalk is moved out field, rake field of turning over, play transplantation of seedlings, that the manipulation require such as gather is a large amount of is artificial, wastes time and energy, labour intensity is bigger so that input cost increases considerably, and is unfavorable for the large-scale production of arrowhead.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed in tradition arrowhead planting process the defect existed, it is proposed that a kind of environmental protection, simple, when economizing, economize the arrowhead gently letter cultivating method of work, this cultivating method is that the plantation of arrowhead entire mechanization provides possibility.
The technical solution used in the present invention is for this reason:
Arrowhead is planted as the rear stubble of gramineous crop.
Described gramineous crop is gather in the crops in 6-7 month, comprises the gramineous crop that wheat, paddy rice etc. have soft stem stalk.
Arrowhead gently letter cultivation carry out according to following step:
1) after front stubble gramineous crop is gathered in the crops, directly with trench digging clay mill trench digging;
2) front stubble gramineous crop stalk is backfilling in ditch, backfill highly exceed ditch dark 2/3 3/4, two broken soil in the middle of ditches are covered on the stalk in ditch, make it equal with earth's surface, and appropriate compacting, will it be capable as arrowhead plantation;
3) arrowhead transplantation of seedlings is in arrowhead plantation row, and arrowhead root is planted in gramineous crop stalk, transplants and carries out shallow irrigation after terminating;
4) arrowhead applies base manure after transplanting 15 days;
5), after overground part turns yellow completely, the collection of arrowhead is carried out.
Described 1) step requiring, ditch is apart from 70cm, ditch is dark �� and ditch width is 20cm �� 20cm.
Described 2) requiring that stalk does not carry out chopping operations in step, stalk arrangement direction is mutually parallel with ditch trend.
Described 3) requiring in step to transplant spacing in the rows 30-45cm, transplant depth is equal with the shortening stem of arrowhead, by the soil compression around arrowhead after planting.
Described 4) in step: applying base manure is the barnyard manure or muck that become thoroughly decomposed, and rate of fertilizer application is 2500-3000kg/ mu, and every mu of cooperation applies Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30kg, the calcium superphosphate 40kg of content 45%.
Described 5) in step: gather and select plough to plough deeply arrowhead plantation more than row 20cm, manually pick up arrowhead in Wheat Straw.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. the present invention utilize the gramineous crop such as wheat or paddy rice to gather in the crops after empty stubble field, direct mechanical trench digging cultivation arrowhead, eliminate plough deeply, the complicated field operation such as soaked, slaking soil.
2. utilize gramineous crop stalk to cultivate arrowhead as filled media, it is possible to avoid crop straw burning, this waste of stalk is fully used, plays the effect of energy-conserving and environment-protective; Arrowhead root system grows in stalk, prevents root system from directly contacting with soil, effectively prevent the propagation of soil-borne disease, adds output, and increase soil organic matter content is beneficial to by stalk as fertilizer simultaneously.
3. field is divided into some moisture in the soil blocks and surrounding is played and encloses the ridge, effectively keep the water layer in field arrowhead vegetative period.
4. apply base manure after transplant survival again, play the effect of the stable market supply of arrowhead fertilizer in vegetative period equally, eliminate the process of fertilising cultivated land before planting simultaneously.
5. utilize the characteristic of arrowhead underground stolon growth, arrowhead stolon grows along the direction of Wheat Straw, the arrowhead bulb of more than 90% concentrates in the dark wheat straw of distance earth's surface 15-20cm, avoid and contact with soil, effectively control the propagation of soil-borne disease, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, have the production utilizing non-harmful product. After arrowhead maturation, adopting mechanical plough to turn over, manually pick up results in the middle of Wheat Straw, be possible not only to save a large amount of labor force, the arrowhead epidermis gathered is also more clean, decreases physical abuse.
6., compared with traditional cultivation method, output obviously increases.
7. grass wheat or early stubble paddy rice be results in June, arrowhead is just 6, July survival after transplant, its crops for rotation are corresponding, therefore Furrow sowing eliminate plough deeply, the complicated field operation such as soaked, slaking soil.
In a word, the present invention makes full use of machinery trench digging, mechanical harvesting, can save labor force on the one hand; reduce field input cost, increase unit surface earning rate, adopt mechanized cultivation in a large number on the other hand; change traditional planting models, be conducive to the large-scale development of arrowhead industry.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Arrowhead gently letter cultivating method adopt following step to carry out:
(1) after wheat combination machine in land for growing field crops in June is gathered in the crops, directly with trench digging clay mill trench digging, ditch is dark �� ditch width 20cm �� 20cm, ditch distance 70cm.
(2) wheat stalk is backfilling in ditch, keep the direction of wheat culm mutually parallel with trench digging direction during backfill, backfill highly exceedes the dark 2/3(of ditch and is about 14cm height), broken soil in the middle of two ditches is covered on the stalk in ditch, make it equal with earth's surface, and appropriate compacting, by it as arrowhead plantation row.
(3) the wide moisture in the soil block of 5m is made in land for growing field crops, length 50m, piles up in every moisture in the soil block surrounding and encloses the ridge, encloses ridge height 30cm, enclose face width 30cm on the ridge, and make real, and ensures firmly to store the water that 10cm is dark.
(4) arrowhead Fruit variety " precious Ying Ziyuan ", selects arrowhead seedling healthy and strong, neat and consistent, uproops, and is transplanted in arrowhead plantation row, and plant degree of depth 7cm so that it is root system is inserted in stalk. Field planting spacing in the rows is 40cm, by the soil compression around arrowhead after planting, played seedling the same day and transplanted the same day, and transplanted the shallow irrigation carrying out 3cm after terminating.
(5) arrowhead applies the barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed or muck 3000kg/ mu after having new leaf to grow after transplanting 15 days, and every mu of cooperation applies Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30kg, the calcium superphosphate 40kg of content 45%.
(6) field rich water after cultivation, the control measures such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are identical with traditional arrowhead land for growing field crops, and robust plant between arrowhead vegetative period, the disease rates such as smut disease are very low.
(7) after overground part turns yellow completely, put water in field, slice off overground part petiole and blade. About spend 15 days, gather in the crops after the nutrient in stolon is fully back in arrowhead bulb. With plough, arrowhead plantation row is ploughed deeply more than 20cm, manually in the wheat stalk turned over out, pick up arrowhead.
Embodiment 2
Arrowhead gently letter cultivating method adopt following step to carry out:
(1) after wheat combination machine in land for growing field crops in June is gathered in the crops, directly with trench digging clay mill trench digging, ditch is dark �� ditch width 20cm �� 20cm, ditch distance 70cm.
(2) wheat stalk is backfilling in ditch, keep the direction of wheat culm mutually parallel with trench digging direction during backfill, backfill highly exceedes the dark 2/3(of ditch and is about 14cm height), broken soil in the middle of two ditches is covered on the stalk in ditch, make it equal with earth's surface, and appropriate compacting, by it as arrowhead plantation row.
(3) the wide moisture in the soil block of 5m is made in land for growing field crops, length 50m, piles up in every moisture in the soil block surrounding and encloses the ridge, encloses ridge height 30cm, enclose face width 30cm on the ridge, and make real, and ensures firmly to store the water that 10cm is dark.
(4) arrowhead Fruit variety " precious Ying Ziyuan ", selects arrowhead seedling healthy and strong, neat and consistent, uproops, and is transplanted in arrowhead plantation row, and plant degree of depth 6cm so that it is root system is inserted in stalk. Field planting spacing in the rows is 40cm, by the soil compression around arrowhead after planting, played seedling the same day and transplanted the same day, and transplanted the shallow irrigation carrying out 4cm after terminating.
(5) arrowhead applies the barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed or muck 3000kg/ mu after having new leaf to grow after transplanting 15 days, and every mu of cooperation applies Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30kg, the calcium superphosphate 40kg of content 45%.
(6) field rich water after cultivation, the control measures such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are identical with traditional arrowhead land for growing field crops, and robust plant between arrowhead vegetative period, the disease rates such as smut disease are very low.
(7) after overground part turns yellow completely, put water in field, slice off overground part petiole and blade. About spend 15 days, gather in the crops after the nutrient in stolon is fully back in arrowhead bulb. With plough, arrowhead plantation row is ploughed deeply more than 20cm, manually in the wheat stalk turned over out, pick up arrowhead.
Through statistics, the inventive method plantation arrowhead per mu yield 1793.44kg, and traditional arrowhead per mu yield is about about 1200kg.
Claims (8)
1. method for planting is planted in the light letter of an arrowhead, it is characterised in that, arrowhead is planted as the rear stubble of gramineous crop.
2. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described gramineous crop is gather in the crops in 6-7 month, comprises the gramineous crop that wheat, paddy rice etc. have soft stem stalk.
3. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, carry out according to following step:
1) after front stubble gramineous crop is gathered in the crops, directly with trench digging clay mill trench digging;
2) front stubble gramineous crop stalk is backfilling in ditch, backfill highly exceed ditch dark 2/3 3/4, two broken soil in the middle of ditches are covered on the stalk in ditch, make it equal with earth's surface, and appropriate compacting, will it be capable as arrowhead plantation;
3) arrowhead transplantation of seedlings is in arrowhead plantation row, and arrowhead root is planted in gramineous crop stalk, transplants and carries out shallow irrigation after terminating;
4) arrowhead applies base manure after transplanting 15 days;
5), after overground part turns yellow completely, the collection of arrowhead is carried out.
4. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 3, it is characterised in that, described 1) step requiring, ditch is apart from 70cm, ditch is dark �� and ditch width is 20cm �� 20cm.
5. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 3, it is characterised in that, described 2) step requires that stalk does not carry out chopping operations, stalk arrangement direction moves towards mutually parallel with ditch.
6. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 3, it is characterised in that, described 3) step requires transplant spacing in the rows 30-45cm, transplant depth is equal with the shortening stem of arrowhead, by the soil compression around arrowhead after planting.
7. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described 4) in step: applying base manure is the barnyard manure or muck that become thoroughly decomposed, and rate of fertilizer application is 2500-3000kg/ mu, and every mu of cooperation applies Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30kg, the calcium superphosphate 40kg of content 45%.
8. method for planting is planted in the light letter of a kind of arrowhead according to claim 3, it is characterised in that, described 5) in step: gather and select plough to plough deeply arrowhead plantation more than row 20cm, in Wheat Straw, manually pick up arrowhead.
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| CN201610019905.2A CN105638213B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | Simple planting method for arrowheads |
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| CN201610019905.2A CN105638213B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | Simple planting method for arrowheads |
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| CN105638213A true CN105638213A (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| CN105638213B CN105638213B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102369825A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 徐一华 | High-yield arrowhead culture method |
| JP2012085622A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-05-10 | Shoji Sawada | Method for producing culture medium base material in plant cultivation using natural extract |
| CN102960135A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-03-13 | 吴江市同里镇生元水八仙蔬菜专业合作社 | Cultivation method of arrowhead |
| CN103283474A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-11 | 东台市农业科学研究所 | Arrowhead autumn facility cultivation method |
| CN104885791A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-09 | 贵州黄平靓鸥桑综合开发有限公司 | Simple planting method for stropharia rugoso-annulata in winter fallow field |
-
2016
- 2016-01-13 CN CN201610019905.2A patent/CN105638213B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102369825A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 徐一华 | High-yield arrowhead culture method |
| JP2012085622A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-05-10 | Shoji Sawada | Method for producing culture medium base material in plant cultivation using natural extract |
| CN102960135A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-03-13 | 吴江市同里镇生元水八仙蔬菜专业合作社 | Cultivation method of arrowhead |
| CN103283474A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-11 | 东台市农业科学研究所 | Arrowhead autumn facility cultivation method |
| CN104885791A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-09 | 贵州黄平靓鸥桑综合开发有限公司 | Simple planting method for stropharia rugoso-annulata in winter fallow field |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 于清泉编著: "《莲藕无公害栽培加工技术（问答）》", 31 December 2009, 科学技术文献出版社 * |
| 殷剑美等: "秸秆套网袋栽培对紫山药产量及品质的影响", 《浙江农业学报》 * |
| 江月芳: "慈菇高产栽培要点 ", 《福建农业》 * |
| 江月芳: "慈菇高产栽培要点", 《福建农业》 * |
| 王修柱等: "秸秆养藕与藕鱼混养高产新技术 ", 《渔业致富指南》 * |
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