CN105393868A - Ecological seedling method for Zelkovaserrata - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological seedling method for Zelkovaserrata. Bud seedlings of the Zelkovaserrata in a wildwood are transplanted to an artificial seedling nursery garden, scientific management of the bud seedlings is preformed, and the planting density and the growth space of the bud seedlings can be adjusted, so that the stress resistance of the seedlings can be greatly enhanced, and the quality of the seedlings can be improved; the nonuniform and irregular condition of the seedling can be greatly changed, the management cost and the invested cost during a seedling stage can be reduced, the management is convenient, and the time and the labor can be saved, so that the ecological seedling method can save cost, and meanwhile can ensure the quality of the seedlings. Researches show that through cultivation of Zelkovaserrata seedlings by means of seedling transplanting, the survival rate of the bud seedlings can reach greater than 90%, and the average height of one-year-old seedlings can reach greater than 93 cm.

Description

A kind of beech tree ecological breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of beech tree ecological breeding method, belong to field of plant growing technology.

Background technology

Beech tree (ZelkoveschneiderianaHand), have another name called zelkova schneideriana, blood beech, are the rare and endangered tree species that China's secondary is laid special stress on protecting.Deciduous tree, deep-rootedness seeds, main, side root system is all very flourishing, wind resistance power is strong.Happiness light, happiness temperature climate and fertile wet condition, strong adaptability, damage by disease and insect is few, and the life-span is long, has good sight and uses material characteristic.Beech tree material is excellent, is widely used in top-grade furniture manufacture in history, have the title of south of the River redwood, have long historical and cultural origins.The tree-like grace of these seeds, the leaf variable color phase in autumn, early leaf look Seasonal dynamics change enriched, and was the important Colour-leaved trees and landscape planting seeds in autumn in the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.In recent years with the Big tree transplanting motion that urbanization campaign brings, beech tree is widely used in construction of city afforestation.Beech tree is distributed more widely in China, and Basin of Huaihe River, its trace is all seen in the In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River on the south the Qinling Mountains.Beech tree a kind ofly integrates medicine, material, the multipurpose tree species viewed and admired.Be widely used in top-grade furniture manufacture and modern city gardens Urban Greening.Current beech tree breeds based on seminal propagation, utilizes the research of technology to rarely have report to seedling under natural forests.And traditional sowing in the field nursery, stocking is high, and seedling growth is uneven, irregular, and seedling percent is low.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of beech tree ecological breeding method, the method substantially improves uneven, the irregular situation of nursery stock, this method, by regulating the growing space of nursery stock, enhances the resistance of nursery stock, improves seedling quality.

Summary of the invention: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of beech tree ecological breeding method, comprises the steps:

Step 1, select physical features smooth, soil property is fertile, draining is good, have abundant water resources and damage by disease and insect few, soil thickness is no less than 1m, subterranean water level is no more than 1m, soil pH value is that the soil of 5.0 is as ground, garden, arrange with carrying out garden before transplanting, thin ploughing is ploughed deeply to Seedlings nursery, and applying agricultural crop straw, the sowing amount of agricultural crop straw is 2000 ~ 2500kg/hm ², after the thin rake leveling in ground, garden, obtained wide is the seedbed of 1.2m, high 30cm, long 40m, the wide 0.3 ~ 0.5m of the pavement between its seedbed;

Step 2, select above, solid many, the full seed of life in 10 years and the beech of stalwartness are set as elite stand, elite stand in mid-October ~ late November seed maturity, seed naturally de-lagging behind is sprouted late March in next year ~ April, and choosing height of seedling is that the bud seedling of 5 ~ 9cm is transplanted;

Step 3, first waters permeable in fine day morning or cloudy day by nursery lot, then on seedbed, dig diameter be 4cm, be the cave of 8cm deeply, enter in cave by bud transplantation of seedlings, the bud seedling degree of depth imbedded in cave is the above 1cm of collar, reclaimed soil, gently be depressed into soil close contact bud shoot root system, bud seedling seeding row spacing is 10cmx15cm, waters permeable after bud transplantation of seedlings, finally use clean rice straw mulching on bud seedling, and on nursery lot, setting up sunshade net, shading rate 75% ~ 85%, sunshade net adopts tiling or Small plastic shed shape;

Step 4, field management:

1) water management

Adopt after bud transplantation of seedlings and manually water or adopt sprinkling irrigation moisturizing, water supply time should in the morning, at dusk and carry out night, and seedbed should drain the water away in time in rainfall or after irrigating, and earths up to seedbed ditch cleaning;

2) fertilizing management

Bud transplantation of seedlings executes cake fertilizer 1 time after 10 days, the sowing amount of cake fertilizer is 200kg/ mu, May ~ June nitrogen fertilizer application, 1 time is executed every 15 days, each nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount was 5 ~ 7.5kg/ mu, and sealing fertilizer after July executed 1 time every 1 month, each composite fertilizer sowing amount is 15 ~ 20kg/ mu, and composite fertilizer stops executing after using 2 ~ 3 times;

3) extermination of disease and insect pest

In April ~ May and September ~ October, convert 10kg with the clean 10g of aphid lice and make water hydrojet and spray bud seedling, or to be blended into quality with the Aphox that mass percent is 50% be make water hydrojet sprinkling bud seedling in the water of its quality 2000 times.

Beneficial effect: it is uneven that beech tree ecological breeding propagation method of the present invention substantially improves seeding and seedling raising nursery stock, irregular situation, pass through scientific management, bud seedling planting density is suitable for, enhance the resistance of nursery stock, improve seedling quality, nursery stock is made to emerge early, seedling growth is neat, the present invention can make the management cost of Seedling Stage and input cost reduce in addition, not only convenient management, and it is time saving and energy saving, therefore ecological breeding method of the present invention also ensure that the quality of nursery stock while cost-saving, research shows, beech sapling wood is cultivated by the method for transplanting seedling, the survival rate of bud seedling can reach more than 90%, and annual seedling average height of seedling can reach more than 93cm.

Table 1 broadcasts seedling (adopting the nursery stock of seeding growing seedlings method) and seedling under natural forests (namely adopting the nursery stock of seedling-cultivating method of the present invention) seedling growth the comparing of its height of seedling, survival rate and each ten thousand strain Financial cost after 1 year for conventional kind:

Table 1

Embodiment

According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, the content described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.

Embodiment 1:

A kind of beech tree ecological breeding method, comprises the steps:

Step 1, select physical features smooth, soil property is fertile, draining is good, have abundant water resources and damage by disease and insect few, soil thickness is no less than 1m, subterranean water level is no more than 1m, soil pH value is that the soil of 5.0 is as ground, garden, arrange with carrying out garden before transplanting, thin ploughing is ploughed deeply to Seedlings nursery, and applying agricultural crop straw, the sowing amount of agricultural crop straw is 2000 ~ 2500kg/hm ², after the thin rake leveling in ground, garden, obtained wide is the seedbed of 1.2m, high 30cm, long 40m, the wide 0.3 ~ 0.5m of the pavement between its seedbed;

Step 2, select above, solid many, the full seed of life in 10 years and the beech of stalwartness are set as elite stand, elite stand in mid-October ~ late November seed maturity, seed naturally de-lagging behind is sprouted late March in next year ~ April, and choosing height of seedling is that the bud seedling of 5 ~ 9cm is transplanted;

Step 3, first waters permeable in fine day morning or cloudy day by nursery lot, then on seedbed, dig diameter be 4cm, be the cave of 8cm deeply, enter in cave by bud transplantation of seedlings, the bud seedling degree of depth imbedded in cave is the above 1cm of collar, reclaimed soil, gently be depressed into soil close contact bud shoot root system, bud seedling seeding row spacing is 10cmx15cm, waters permeable after bud transplantation of seedlings, finally use clean rice straw mulching on bud seedling, and on nursery lot, setting up sunshade net, shading rate 75% ~ 85%, sunshade net adopts tiling or Small plastic shed shape;

Step 4, field management:

1) water management

Adopt after bud transplantation of seedlings and manually water or adopt sprinkling irrigation moisturizing, water supply time should in the morning, at dusk and carry out night, and seedbed should drain the water away in time in rainfall or after irrigating, and earths up to seedbed ditch cleaning;

2) fertilizing management

Bud transplantation of seedlings executes cake fertilizer 1 time after 10 days, the sowing amount of cake fertilizer is 200kg/ mu, May ~ June nitrogen fertilizer application, 1 time is executed every 15 days, each nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount was 5 ~ 7.5kg/ mu, and sealing fertilizer after July executed 1 time every 1 month, each composite fertilizer sowing amount is 15 ~ 20kg/ mu, and composite fertilizer stops executing after using 2 ~ 3 times;

3) extermination of disease and insect pest

In April ~ May and September ~ October, convert 10kg with the clean 10g of aphid lice and make water hydrojet and spray bud seedling, or to be blended into quality with the Aphox that mass percent is 50% be make water hydrojet sprinkling bud seedling in the water of its quality 2000 times.

Claims (3)

1. a beech tree ecological breeding method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

Step 1, selects ground, garden, arranges with carrying out garden before transplanting, obtained wide be the seedbed of 1.2m, high 30cm, long 40m, the wide 0.3 ~ 0.5m of the pavement between its seedbed; Wherein, ground, described garden for physical features is smooth, soil property is fertile, draining is good, have abundant water resources and soil that damage by disease and insect is few; The soil thickness on ground, described garden is no less than 1m, and subterranean water level is no more than 1m, and soil pH value is 5.0; Ground, described garden arranges as ploughing deeply thin ploughing to Seedlings nursery, and applies fertilizer, and the sowing amount of fertilizer is 2000 ~ 2500kg/hm ²;

Step 2, select above, solid many, the full seed of life in 10 years and the beech of stalwartness are set as elite stand, elite stand in mid-October ~ late November seed maturity, seed naturally de-lagging behind is sprouted late March in next year ~ April, and choosing height of seedling is that the bud seedling of 5 ~ 9cm is transplanted;

Step 3, first water permeable by Seedlings nursery at fine day morning or cloudy day, then on seedbed, dig diameter be 4cm, be the cave of 8cm deeply, enter in cave by bud transplantation of seedlings, the bud seedling degree of depth imbedded in cave is the above 1cm of collar, reclaimed soil, gently be depressed into soil close contact bud shoot root system, bud seedling seeding row spacing is 10cmx15cm, waters permeable after bud transplantation of seedlings, finally use clean rice straw mulching on bud seedling, and on nursery lot, setting up sunshade net, shading rate 75% ~ 85%, sunshade net adopts tiling or Small plastic shed shape;

Step 4, field management:

1) water management

Adopt after bud transplantation of seedlings and manually water or adopt sprinkling irrigation moisturizing, water supply time is morning, dusk and night, and seedbed drains the water away in rainfall or after irrigating, and earths up to seedbed ditch cleaning;

2) fertilizing management

Bud transplantation of seedlings organic fertilizer 1 time after 10 days, the sowing amount of fertilizer is 200kg/ mu, May ~ June nitrogen fertilizer application, 1 time is executed every 15 days, each nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount was 5 ~ 7.5kg/ mu, and sealing fertilizer after July executed 1 time every 1 month, each composite fertilizer sowing amount is 15 ~ 20kg/ mu, and composite fertilizer stops executing after using 2 ~ 3 times;

3) extermination of disease and insect pest

In April ~ May and September ~ October, convert 10kg with the clean 10g of aphid lice and make water hydrojet and spray bud seedling, or to be blended into quality with the Aphox that mass percent is 50% be make water hydrojet sprinkling bud seedling in the water of its quality 2000 times.

2. ecological breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 1, and described fertilizer is agricultural crop straw.

3. ecological breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 4, and described fertilizer is cake fertilizer.