CN109122158A - A kind of cultivation method of Atractylodes Rhizoma - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation method of Atractylodes Rhizoma Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122158A CN109122158A CN201810993372.7A CN201810993372A CN109122158A CN 109122158 A CN109122158 A CN 109122158A CN 201810993372 A CN201810993372 A CN 201810993372A CN 109122158 A CN109122158 A CN 109122158A
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- rhizoma atractylodis
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000132012 Atractylodes Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000132011 Atractylodes lancea Species 0.000 claims description 13
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 compound potassium sulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001232787 Epiphragma Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001237160 Kallima inachus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005947 Dimethoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000132003 Atractylis Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004384 Alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000189115 Catananche Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000399949 Ditylenchus dipsaci Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008029 eradication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024963 hair loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003676 hair loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004577 thatch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
- A01G13/30—Ground coverings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a membrane covering cultivation method of rhizoma atractylodis, which adopts a membrane covering method to carry out artificial cultivation of the rhizoma atractylodis. The method has the advantages of moisturizing, preventing waterlogging, inhibiting weeds, reducing plant diseases and insect pests, saving cost, improving product quality and yield, and realizing the planting effect of increasing income. The method solves a series of technical problems existing in the traditional Chinese atractylodes rhizome artificial open field cultivation, and is suitable for the field of Chinese medicinal material planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, and in particular to arrives a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method.
Background technique
Rhizoma atractylodis are perennial root, perennial, catananche, have the medicinal history of two thousand years in China, multi-section is classical
All about rhizoma atractylodis effect and the record used in Chinese medicine works.Rhizoma atractylodis medical value is very high, and special effect is not only widely applied
It is outer in Chinese patent drug, new drug, the prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs and prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, folk prescription etc., it is also largely used to plant extract, animal feeding-stuff additive, beast
The fields such as medicine, in addition export abroad, the annual requirement of rhizoma atractylodis increases year by year.Rhizoma atractylodis are China's tradition bulk medicinal materials, and commodity have thatch
Point of rhizoma atractylodis and Atractylis chinensis, currently, the rhizoma atractylodis source on domestic market still relies on wild rhizoma atractylodis, wherein 90% is Atractylis chinensis,
RHIZOMA ATRACTYLODIS IANCEAE is few few.But wild rhizoma atractylodis and have constantly subtracted with the intemperate excavation of the mankind and the deterioration of environmental condition
Few, in addition country increases the protection to natural crude drugs, wild rhizoma atractylodis resource is no longer satisfied the demand of domestic and international market.Therefore
Artificial cultivation becomes the important channel for expanding rhizoma atractylodis resource, also starts to be recognized receiving in recent years and begins trying to carry out
Artificial cultivation rhizoma atractylodis.
Covering with ground sheeting can be played the effect of ground temperature, soil moisture conservation, fertilizer conservation, but also can with weed eradication, preventing disease and pest, take precautions against drought it is anti-
Flood improves the effects of light and heat condition near the ground.China introduces plastic mulching cultivation technology from 1978 from Japan, is sent out rapidly
Exhibition, expands, applicable crops are more and more extensive year by year using area.Covering with ground sheeting also conducts a research work in terms of rhizoma atractylodis cultivation,
Such as: Liu Zhiqiang (2016) using ultrathin membrane covering research Atractylis chinensis cultivation technique, this method to the control effect of weed growth compared with
It is small；Wang Airong (1993) and Zhang Shuna (2015) is utilized respectively different coverage modes, different coverings to rhizoma atractylodis emergence, soil temperature
Degree, soil moisture content and upgrowth situation etc. are studied.Nowadays during rhizoma atractylodis are cultivated, manpower shortage, recruitment
Excessively high expense is an important factor for restricting its large-scale plantation.It is widened recently as employment channel, revenue growth, peasant is keen to
In Out-migrant for work, and artificial cultivation rhizoma atractylodis need a large amount of people to manage, and especially weeding is one most to take a lot of work in cultivation
Road program occurs as soon as recruitment expense and increases year by year, and service charge reaches everyone 100 yuan or so daily, and production cost greatly improves, more
There is the phenomenon that can not find worker when busy farming season very.Therefore it finds a kind of saving of work and time and green high yield Atractylis lancea cultural method is outstanding
It is important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation methods, can preferably solve the above problems, and reduce labor
Power cost improves the effect of rhizoma atractylodis yield simultaneously.
A kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method, which is characterized in that including seed selection selection of land, site preparation and fertilization, sowing epiphragma rupture of membranes, field
Between manage.
The seed selection selection of land is selection robust growth, no disease and pests harm Atractylis lancea rhizome, selects gramineae plant for preceding stubble
Preferably, mountain area is typically chosen the acclive soil plantation of thicker soil, the famine of the conditional most handy Xin Kaiken in place in plot
Ground.
The site preparation and fertilization is 35~40 centimetres of soil deeptillage, is raked whole thin, ridging bedding, furrow face is 80 centimetres wide, high by 20
Centimetre, 30 centimetres of spacing.Base manure is used sufficient while site preparation, base manure includes applying 1500~2500kg of decomposed dung per acre, crosses phosphorus
Sour 20~30kg of calcium or potassium sulfate apply compound fertilizer 40kg.
The sowing is mid or late March plantation rhizoma atractylodis, is respectively 15 centimetres, 30 centimetres according to seeding row spacing.
The overlay film rupture of membranes is to cover mulch after rhizoma atractylodis kind is good, and pushing up to seedling to mulch makes its protrusion want timely rupture of membranes.
The cultivation management is to prevent tillage and weeding, fertilizer and water management, excision bud, pest and disease damage after Atractylis lancea emergence
It controls, harvest processing.
Preferably, the rhizoma atractylodis cultivar is Atractylis lancea rhizome, life in 2 to three years, per acre sowing quantity 50kg.Choosing health, nothing
The rhizome of pest and disease damage is cut into segment by knife, and every section has 2~3 buds, dries or use plant ash after being impregnated with 1000 times of liquid carbendazim
It is planted after seed dressing.
Preferably, for the rhizoma atractylodis before cultivation in March, the carbendazim for first squirting 1000 times of liquid to selected plot is deep again
It turns over.
Preferably, the fertilising is ploughed deeply, and is applied fertilizer to dissipate and applying, and mu manuring includes pig manure, cow dung, supports excrement and dead leaf etc.
1500~2500kg, 20~30kg of calcium superphosphate (contain effective P2O5≤ 12%, Hubei Province XK13-002-000051, GB20413-
2006, Hubei Nong Le chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd) or support point≤45% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 40kg(N-P2O5—K2O:14-16-
15, Hubei Province XK13-001-00003, GB15063-2009, the quasi- word of Hubei Province agricultural fertilizer (2009) 0087).Fertilizer is spread on soil table
Face, when arable land, plough under in soil, plough deeply 30 centimetres.It is described fertilising plough deeply after, rake grind, ridging does furrow.
Preferably, the ridging bedding is that whole good plot is made to furrow face is 80 centimetres wide, 20 centimetres of ditch depth, 30 lis of spacing
Rice.
Preferably, the rhizoma atractylodis Propagation of Rhizomes is planted in mid or late March, and seeding row spacing is respectively 15 centimetres and 30 centimetres, is broadcast
10 centimetres of depth of kind.
Preferably, the overlay film, mulch are black thin film, the wide 120cm of film, 0.01~0.02mm of film thickness, and rhizoma atractylodis kind is good
Afterwards, mulch is covered, film will tense, be adjacent to ground, the mulch on furrow face both ends and furrow side to be earthed in 10 centimetres or so, be used in combination
Soil buries pressure sternly, is treaded with foot, film influence overlay film effect is taken off greatly in order to prevent and treat wind, every 2m soil one of pressure sidewards, as one
Bar waistband.
Preferably, the rupture of membranes emergence breaks mulch with hook-shaped pocket knife spine is processed into, so as to growth of seedling dew to film
Outside, burn seedlings is prevented and treated.
Preferably, the ditch cleaning draining, will clear up dead furrow in 6~8 rainy seasons in time, field ponding be excluded, to prevent rotten
Root reduces pest and disease damage.
Preferably, described to pluck flower bud, in 6~August before plant buddings and not yet blooms, bud is extractd in time, is supported with reducing
The consumption divided promotes under ground portion root growth.
Preferably, described to be imposed once in mid-July to Atractylis lancea, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 30kg is applied per acre, and winter can be again
It imposes farmyard manure and makees winter top dressing, per acre 1000 ~ 1500kg compost or farmyard manure.
Preferably, field management needed for the rhizoma atractylodis next year is identical as First Year.
The rhizoma atractylodis are planted according to certain seeding row spacing, are covered described by a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method of the invention
Under film and the cultivation management, reaches moisturizing, prevention waterlogging, inhibit weeds, reduce pest and disease damage, save the cost, improve yield.This method
Rhizoma atractylodis per mu yield dry product can be made to reach 500kg, labor saving nearly 50%.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, below in conjunction with specific embodiment pair
A kind of rhizoma atractylodis plastic-film-covered cultivation specific implementation method provided by the invention, is described in detail:
A) selection of land, site preparation
Weather nice and cool, well-drained humus loam or sandy loam are selected, hillside fields, mountainous region, wasteland, mountain area is typically chosen
The acclive soil of thicker soil is planted, the wasteland of the conditional most handy Xin Kaiken in place.Rhizoma atractylodis avoid continuous cropping, cannot be with eggplant
Section or Curcurbitaceae melon crop crop rotation, preceding stubble is preferably gramineous crop.
After preceding crop harvest, winter ploughing is carried out in time, and jelly of sunning the earth which has been ploughed up is turned up soil, that is, is conducive to soil and is sufficiently cured, and can subtract
Few weeds and pest and disease damage.Before plantation again it is whole once, before site preparation first spray 1000 times of liquid carbendazim (active constituent content 80%,
Standard card number: PD20100341, production licence number: standard card number: HG 3290-2000) XK13-003-01105 and is applied
Base manure, base manure is mainly based on organic fertilizer.Per acre land manuring include pig manure, cow dung, support excrement and dead leaf etc. 1500~
2500kg, 20~30kg of calcium superphosphate, (contain effective P2O5≤12%, Hubei Province XK13-002-000051, GB20413-2006,
Hubei Nong Le chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd) or support point≤45% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 40kg(N-P2O5—K2O:14-16-15, Hubei Province
XK13-001-00003, GB15063-2009, the quasi- word of Hubei Province agricultural fertilizer (2009) 0087).Fertilizer is spread on soil surface, is ploughed
Ploughed under in soil when ground, plough deeply 30 centimetres, rake grind, ridging does furrow, furrow face is 80 centimetres wide, 20 centimetres of ditch depth, 30 centimetres of spacing.
B) it plants.Atractylis lancea propagation method has seminal propagation and division propagation, takes plant division common in production numerous here
The method grown carries out.Mid or late March will take rhizome and be divided into segment, every section of 2~3 buds, be impregnated with 1000 times of liquid carbendazim
15min is placed on ventilating and cooling place and dries notch or dressed seed with plant ash spare.Every two row of furrow, 30 centimetres of line-spacing, interval 15
Cave centimetre is opened, cave is 10 centimetres deep, every 1 root and stem of certain plants rhizoma atractylodis rhizome of cave, or opens deep 10 centimetres of ditches according to 15 centimetres of drillings of spacing in the rows, has planted
Fine earth is covered, moisturizing of watering.
C) overlay film.Plant it is good after overlay film immediately, institute's paving plastic film should select wide 120cm, 0.01~0.02mm of thickness it is black
Film.Mulch is layered on furrow surface, film will tense when plastic film mulch, be adjacent to ground, the film of furrow face both ends and two sides to be earthed in 10
Centimetre or so, and pressure is buried sternly with soil, it is treaded with foot, takes off film influence overlay film effect greatly to prevent and treat wind, use soil sidewards every 2m
One of pressure, as a waistband；The main points of epiphragma to master " tight, tight, flat, wide ", i.e. side will press sternly, and film will cover tightly, and film surface is wanted
Flat, light-exposed face wants wide.
D) rupture of membranes is emerged.15~20 days seedling grow after generally having planted, and most of seedling can be with bursting film, for portion
It point has emerged but the seedling of non-rupture of membranes, the timely rupture of membranes of mulch evagination, to prevent burn seedlings.With being processed into hook-shaped small point of a knife when rupture of membranes
Mulch is punctured, pay attention to grow ensuring seedling while minimizing the cut of mulch.
E) after rhizoma atractylodis emergence, as weather turns warm, aphid starts to endanger blade, leads to yellow leaf, plant atrophy, growth
Depauperation.Occur the phase with 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate (registration number: PD20093396, standard demonstrate,prove number: GB15583-1995, perhaps
Can the number of card: XK13-003-00439, Jiangsu east be into pesticide chemical factory) 1500~2000 times of liquid carry out sprinkling prevention and treatment, and every 7 days 1
It is secondary, it is carried out continuously, until no aphid is caused harm.
F) late April, rhizoma atractylodis root rot start to fall ill, and should prevent and treat, dig trenches to drain the water away in time at the initial stage of a disease, find diseased plant, immediately
Pull out, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder (registration number:
PD20082098, standard card number: GB23552-2009, credit number: XK13-003-00394 permits hair chemical industry (Shanghai) to have
Limit company) 1000 times of liquid irrigate lesion.Prevention and treatment subterranean pest-insect in time.
G) tillage and weeding.Black film itself has the effect for preventing weed growth, overlay film entire breeding time Atractylis lancea in the ranks
Without tillage and weeding, weeds in gutter need to be only removed in time.
H) start June before plant buddings and not yet blooms, select fine day, pluck flower bud by stages and in groups.It prevents from plucking when plucking flower bud
Blade and shake root system, suitable one holds stem, plucks flower bud on the other hand.Plucking flower bud to reduce the consumption of nutrient, will promote under ground portion root in time
Stem nematode.The First Year of plantation is not reserved seed for planting, and bud is all extractd as far as possible.
I) top dressing is primary before and after July 15, can be with scuppit by plant rhizosphere portion when compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 30kg applies fertilizer per acre
The soil of surrounding is pushed aside, fertilizer is applied down, then earthing is obturaged.
J) 7-August part rainwater are more, to clear up dead furrow in time, and field ponding is discharged, and occur to prevent rotten and disease.It meets
It should pour water soil moisture conservation to dry weather, should irrigate through furrow at dusk when pouring water in time.This period high temperature and humidity is disease high-incidence season
Section, it should be noted that carry out the preventing and controlling of the diseases such as black spot, root rot.
K) late October imposes a farmyard manure and makees winter top dressing, per acre 1000-1500kg compost or farmyard manure.Fertilizing method
Ditto.
M) pick and process.General plantation can harvest for 2~3 years.After autumn aerial part cauline leaf is withered or before early spring germination
Excavation.Fine day excavation is selected, the rhizome taken is removed into the residual stem of aerial part, shrugs off soil, palpus mud is hit after drying or is shone extremely
8 ninety percent with small fire burn hair loss palpus when dry.With it is a it is big, matter is solid, the dense person of the more fragrance of spot of oil cavity is preferred.
The present invention is suitable for the cultivation of Atractylis lancea；Using cultural method proposed by the present invention, by rhizoma atractylodis according to certain strain
Line-spacing plantation achievees the effect that moisturizing, prevention waterlogging, inhibits weeds, reduces pest and disease damage, further save under overlay film and cultivation management
About labor cost improves yield.Rhizoma atractylodis per mu yield dry product is up to 500kg, labor saving nearly 50%.
In conclusion concrete operations implementation is of the invention is further described, be to protection scope of the present invention into
One step limits.It is understood that for the cultivation technique personnel of this field, it can operations according to the instant invention technical concept
It makes various other corresponding changes and changes, and all these changes and variation all should belong to the protection of the claims in the present invention
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method, its step are as follows:
Seed selection selection of land, selects robust growth, no disease and pests harm Atractylis lancea rhizome for kind；
Site preparation and fertilization, is raked whole thin, ridging bedding, furrow face is 80 centimetres wide, 20 centimetres high, spacing by 30~40 centimetres of soil deeptillage
30 centimetres, base manure is used sufficient while site preparation, base manure includes applying 1500~2500kg of decomposed dung per acre, calcium superphosphate 20~
30kg applies compound fertilizer 40kg；
Sowing, epiphragma, rupture of membranes, rhizoma atractylodis are sowed, and cover mulch after rhizoma atractylodis kind is good, make its protrusion to seedling top to mulch
When, utilize the timely rupture of membranes of tool；
Field management, tillage and weeding, fertilizer and water management, excision bud, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, harvest processing after rhizoma atractylodis emergence.
2. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rhizoma atractylodis carry out in March
Plantation, modes of reproduction take rhizome to be bred, and planting site selects gramineae plant for the plot of preceding stubble, and mountain area one selects soil layer
Thick acclive soil plantation.
3. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the use of the Atractylis lancea rhizome
1000 times of carbendazim impregnate 15min, plant after drying.
4. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 3) rhizoma atractylodis sowing,
Atractylis lancea rhizome planting depth is 10 centimetres, and seeding row spacing is respectively 15 centimetres, 30 centimetres, sowing quantity 50kg per acre.
5. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the base manure of the step 2
Barnyard manure includes pig manure, cow dung, supports excrement, dead leaf, and calcium superphosphate contains effective P2O5The potassium sulfate of≤12% or Yang Fen≤45% is compound
Fertilizer is spread on soil surface by fertilizer, and when arable land ploughs under in soil.
6. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: rhizoma atractylodis kind is good in the step 3)
After cover mulch after, film will tense, be adjacent to ground, the mulch on furrow face both ends and furrow side to be earthed in 10 centimetres or so, be used in combination
Soil buries pressure sternly, is treaded with foot, film influence overlay film effect is taken off greatly in order to prevent and treat wind, every 2m soil one of pressure sidewards, as one
Bar waistband, the mulch are black mulch film, the wide 120cm of film, 0.01~0.02mm of film thickness.
7. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Atractylis lancea sprays in seedling stage
One time 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, anti-eliminate aphis wait rhizoma atractylodis pest, and late April sprays a carbendazim and effectively prevents the diseases such as root rot
Evil.
8. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 6~August is buddingged in plant
Before not yet blooming, bud is extractd in time, to reduce the consumption of nutrient, promotes under ground portion root growth.
9. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: mid-July imposes Atractylis lancea
30kg, winter impose farmyard manure and make winter top dressing compound potassium sulfate fertilizer per acre, per acre 1000 ~ 1500kg compost or farmyard manure.
10. a kind of rhizoma atractylodis covering cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that field needed for the rhizoma atractylodis next year
Between manage it is identical as First Year.
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| CN115530022A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-30 | 承德医学院 | A kind of high-efficiency direct sowing method of mechanized field of Atractylodes atractylodes |
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