CN104012310B - A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method - Google Patents
A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104012310B CN104012310B CN201410293296.0A CN201410293296A CN104012310B CN 104012310 B CN104012310 B CN 104012310B CN 201410293296 A CN201410293296 A CN 201410293296A CN 104012310 B CN104012310 B CN 104012310B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- muskmelon
- stock
- seedling
- management
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 244000064895 Cucumis melo subsp melo Species 0.000 title claims description 96
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000022472 cold acclimation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003761 Citrullus lanatus var. citroides Species 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 14
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000005224 forefinger Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 325 milligrams Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009406 nutrient management Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010000234 Abortion spontaneous Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNBFNNNWANBMTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M brilliant green Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 NNBFNNNWANBMTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000015994 miscarriage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009758 senescence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000000995 spontaneous abortion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, relates to melon wilt technical field.Comprise the following steps: (1) selects applicable stock variety and scion melon variety; (2) when firm expansion appears in rootstock seedling the 1st true leaf, scion young plant leaf start to turn green open and flat to cotyledon time employing double break root graft method carry out grafting, then cuttage is in the floating seedling tray filling matrix; (3) grafting is swum in the seedbed that clear water is housed the management carrying out healing and phase of taking root; (4) nutrient solution is injected seedbed after surviving by grafting, the management after grafting being swum in survive in nutrient solution.The grafting that the method is cultivated is healthy and strong, neat and consistent, well developed root system, and water suction, fertilizer sucting ability are strong, and after field planting, slow seedling is fast, stalwartness of growing and not easily early ageing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to melon wilt technical field, be specifically related to a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method.
Background technology
Muskmelon is important melon economic crops, and it is good in economic efficiency that it is cultivated, and particularly the economic benefit of facility cultivation is considerable, has become the important channel increasing peasant economy income at a lot of regional melon wilt.China is muskmelon production and supplyment big country, and according to the World Food Programme (FAO) statistics, China's muskmelon sowing area 590,000 hectares in 2009, gross yield 1,462 ten thousand tons, accounts for 46% and 53% of world's sowing area and gross yield respectively.Therefore, China's muskmelon produce occupy in the world critical role (other dragon. China's watermelon and muskmelon graft seedling growth industry development Status quo and countermeasures. Chinese melon dish, 2011,24 (2): 68-71.).
The soil-borne diseases such as muskmelon is the same with other melon crops, fusarium wilt harm is heavier, and continuous cropping obstacle easily occurs, so muskmelon is avoided and melon crop continuous cropping.The method of the soil-borne diseases such as control Muskmelon Fusarium wilt mainly contains crop rotation, chemical control, selects the measure such as disease-resistant variety and grafting cultivation.China adopts the method for crop rotation to prevent the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as Muskmelon Fusarium wilt.Although crop rotation is simple, but along with muskmelon and the expansion of other melon crop area under cultivations, by the restriction of cultivated land resource, crop rotation has become more and more difficult in a lot of area of China, particularly due to the melon crop facility cultivation such as muskmelon in recent years and the rapid expansion of Long term cultivation area and improving constantly of cropping index, rotation cycle is shortened, be difficult to carry out crop rotation by the prescribed number of years, the continuous cropping of muskmelon is inevitable, what cause the soil-borne diseases such as Muskmelon Fusarium wilt and soil continuous cropping obstacle has the trend increased the weight of year by year, the stable development that muskmelon is produced in serious threat, generally the annual underproduction caused due to soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilts has 20% ~ 30%, serious garden of even ruining total crop failure, especially those can not carry out the field of rice field-upland field rotation, situation is even more serious.Owing at present also lacking the control effective agent of Muskmelon Fusarium wilt and the melon variety of high resistance to wilt good, grafting and root-changing just becomes the most simple effective method of the soil-borne diseases such as prevention and control Muskmelon Fusarium wilt.Grafting and root-changing is carried out by selecting suitable stock variety and muskmelon, not only can prevent the generation of the soil-borne disease such as Muskmelon Fusarium wilt, root rot, and the resistance of plant can be improved, extend the plant strain growth phase, be conducive to carrying out Long term cultivation, improve output, so muskmelon graft seedling growth has started to apply aborning.But not affinity phenomenon easily occurs muskmelon graft seedling growth, higher to the requirement of stock variety, the stock variety being applicable to muskmelon grafting is less, and muskmelon is also higher to the requirement of graft technology simultaneously.The grafting method of current muskmelon mainly contains inarching method, cleft graft, pith-cambium grafting method, the method for plant propagation with cutting etc., and conventional method is inarching method and the method for plant propagation with cutting.Although manageable after inarching method grafting, survival rate is relatively high, and operation comparatively bothers, and work efficiency is low.Although method of plant propagation with cutting operation is comparatively simple, high to the management expectancy in seedbed, if miscarriage, survival rate is not high, having a big risk of nursery.Therefore, muskmelon graft seedling growth technology is popularized and promoted to the popularity rate of muskmelon graft seedling growth how, far below watermelon, effectively controls the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt, for Development of Muskmelon Industry provides healthy high-quality seedling, become problem demanding prompt solution in muskmelon production.
(Zhu enters Zhu Jin etc., other dragon, Han Xiaoyan, etc. thick-skinned melon Cuttage grafting on stock with cut root seedling growing process. the Changjiang river vegetables, 2006 (8): 25-26.) and the thick-skinned melon Cuttage grafting on stock with cut root seedling growing process introduced, its main contributions is, on the basis of grafting, change the method that traditional grafting utilizes stock primitive root system, for removing stock primitive root system, while graft union, induction stock produces new root; The root system of new induction is without main root, and fibrous root is many, weakens the apical dominance of root system, enhances improving activity of root system, and after production showing field planting, slow seedling is fast, and the resistance to low temperature of seedling obviously shows stronger with the growth potential in early stage; Root pruning and grafting shoot root system is powerful, and ability and the drought resistance of its absorption rich water are obviously better than traditional grafting, later stage premature senescence resistance; Owing to having carried out 1 cuttage to rootstock seedling, can effectively solve the grafting excessive growth problem caused due to stock excessive growth, can carry out classification cuttage and management to the size of rootstock seedling, the grafting of production is neat, commodity good, meets standard in strong sprout; Grafting speed is fast, and efficiency is high, can reduce production cost.Its major defect is, this grafting method is strict to requirement for environmental conditions with the phase of taking root in the healing of grafting, if the temperature of healing and phase of taking root, moisture condition are not suitable for or manage slightly neglecting, then survival rate is lower; If cultivation matrix is nutritious, not easily takes root after grafting cuttage thus affect survival rate, if cultivation matrix nutrition is poor, affecting the growth of grafting; This grafting method is only applied to thick-skinned melon, does not also apply on Melon, and the cultivation of rootstock seedling there is no need with 50 hole dish sowings.
Floating nursing is the middle and later periods eighties 20th century new method for raising seedling explored in research flue-cured tobacco soilless-cultivated seedling technology of the U.S., early 1990s, this technology was widely applied rapidly in U.S.'s cured tobacco production, was widely used at present in the tobacco leaf production of the countries such as the U.S., Brazil and Mexico.This seedling growing process introduces China in the mid-90 in 20th century, takes the lead in applying in the crop seedling such as cotton, tobacco.Chen Anbing reported the application of Floating nursing technology on muskmelon (Chen Anbing. watermelon, muskmelon Floating nursing technology. Shanghai vegetables, 2010 (1): 72.), its main contributions is, this practical nursery new technology of Floating nursing is introduced muskmelon nursery, expanded polystyrene foam seedling-cultivating tray is adopted to be carrier, based on mixed substrate, the seedling-cultivating tray being loaded with muskmelon kind is put into nutrient solution water floating seedling bed and cultivate.Floating nursing is owing to replacing soil fixing muskmelon root system by matrix, nutrient solution is seeped in matrix as seedling provides nutrient and moisture by capillarity, only need carry out floating seedlings by disposable preparation nutrient solution, do not pour water between whole nursery stage, fishing and topdressing, matrix nutrition supply is balanced, the epidemic disaster uniformity in seedbed, and easily controls, nurturing staff can be reached, promote the object early sent out that there is the advantages such as simple to operate, planting percent is high, seedling neat and consistent, dart transfer.Its defect is, does not adopt graft technology during nursery, and the muskmelon seedling be bred as is from root seedling, easily infects the soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt, easily soil continuous cropping obstacle occurs after field planting.
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned thick-skinned melon Cuttage grafting on stock with cut root seedling growing process, if root pruning and grafting nursery is combined with Floating nursing, the nutrient management mode of science adjustment Floating nursing, then in conjunction with the major advantage of root pruning and grafting nursery and Floating nursing, all defect of root pruning and grafting nursery and Floating nursing can be made up.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, select suitable stock variety and scion melon variety, in conjunction with the advantage of root pruning and grafting nursery and Floating nursing, the way to manage of science adjustment nutrient solution, overcome the shortcoming of root pruning and grafting nursery and Floating nursing dexterously, a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method is provided, reach seedling stalwartness, neat and consistent, well developed root system, water suction, fertilizer sucting ability are strong, and after field planting, slow seedling is fast, stalwartness of growing and not easily early ageing, the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as effective control Muskmelon Fusarium wilt and alleviation soil continuous cropping obstacle, the object of high-yield and high-efficiency.
A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, comprises the following steps:
(1) applicable stock variety and scion melon variety is selected;
(2) adopt double break root graft method to carry out grafting, then cuttage is in the floating seedling tray filling matrix;
(3) cuttage there is is the floating seedling tray of grafting to swim in the seedbed that clear water is housed to carry out the management of healing with the phase of taking root;
(4) nutrient solution is injected seedbed after surviving by grafting, makes cuttage have the floating seedling tray of grafting to swim in the management after surviving in nutrient solution.
Stock variety described in step (1) comprises: No. 3, the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital, No. 2, river in Zhejiang Province anvil, No. 1, holy anvil, Xin Tuzuo, hero, all-round armor, No. 1, southern anvil, No. 3, southern anvil, or special stock melon variety century star muskmelon, section letter No. 1, anvil, moral height iron prop; Melon variety described in step (1) comprises: Elizabethan, 'Zhongtian 1', golden beauty, clear monarch No. 1, gold honey No. 6, west fight Luo Tuo, silver honey, the Cui Xianghuomi world.
Step (2) occurs firm expansion when rootstock seedling the 1st true leaf, scion young plant leaf start to turn green open and flat to cotyledon time employing double break root graft method carry out grafting.
Step (4) described nutrient solution prescription is: nitrogen content 95 ~ 300 mg/litre, phosphorus pentoxide content 18 ~ 300 mg/litre, potassium oxide content 20 ~ 300 mg/litre, iron content 0 ~ 20 mg/litre, Boron contents 0 ~ 2 mg/litre, Fe content 0 ~ 4 mg/litre, Zn content 0 ~ 2 mg/litre, copper content 0 ~ 0.5 mg/litre, pH6 ~ 7.
The healing of step (3) is swum in the seedbed that 3 ~ 4 centimetres of dark clear water are housed by the floating seedling tray of good for cuttage grafting with the management of phase of taking root.
The healing of step (3) is on seedbed, build moisture-heat preservation and shading facility with the management of phase of taking root, by the scientific management of temperature, humidity and illumination, promote taking root of the healing of grafting wound and stock, after 10 days, grafting survives completely, namely enter grafting survive after management.
Seedbed is built moisture-heat preservation and shading facility, within after grafting 1 ~ 3 day, keep temperature daytime 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, night 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, stuffy, keep air humidity more than 95%, illumination management, based on shading, is respectively shown in light 0.5 ~ 1 hour sooner or later when scion is not wilted; After grafting 4 ~ 6 days, temperature controlled at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C daytime, night 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, air humidity is reduced to 90%, when scion is not wilted every day ventilation and penetrating light 2 ~ 3 hours, and extend the ventilation and penetrating light time gradually, namely, every day extends 1 ~ 3 hour ventilation and penetrating light time; Grafting after 7 days day temperature still control at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, then be reduced to 16 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C night, air humidity is reduced to 85%, slightly wilt not shading or only sunlight is strong at noon time hide l ~ 2 hour, after 10 days, grafting survives completely, namely enter grafting survive after management.
Management after step (4) survives is the nutrient solution that injection 8 ~ 10 centimetres is dark in seedbed.
Cuttage is allowed to have the floating seedling tray of grafting to swim in nutrient solution, temperature keeps daytime 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C, progressively throw off the covering for moisture-heat preservation and shading, only in overlay film insulation at night, when muskmelon seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, night, temperature was reduced to 15 DEG C ~ 16 DEG C, within before field planting 1 week, carried out cold acclimation, and night, temperature drop was to 13 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C; At any time the axillalry bud grown between stock cotyledon is erased in time, after grafting 15 ~ 22 days, when grafting 2 leaf 1 heart goes out garden field planting to during 3 leaf 1 heart.
When the neat seedling of stock, cotyledon are open and flat, with the paclobutrazol solution spray 1 time of 12000 times, stock hypocotyl is increased thick; Or 2 ~ 3 days before grafting extract stock growing point, thick to promote plumular axis to increase; When selecting pumpkin rootstock, stock 2 cotyledons respectively being cut off 1/3 ~ 1/2 in first 1 day in grafting, being conducive to improving graft survival rate.
Stock variety in said method described in step (1) is strong with muskmelon grafting affinity, and well developed root system is disease-resistant, cold-resistant, heat-resisting, does not affect quality and the local flavor of muskmelon, and not easily early ageing and hypocotyl easily produce the kind of adventive root.
Melon variety described in step (1) is the thick-skinned melon variety and Thin Skin Muskmelon Varieties applied on producing; Precocity should be selected, easily sit the kind of melon, quality better.
First to choose when double break root graft described in step (2) is grafting stock, and stock primitive root system is cut away at stock plumular axis collar place of 5 ~ 7 centimetres below cotyledonary node, the method of plant propagation with cutting or cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting again, then by the cuttage of root pruning and grafting seedling in the porous foam floating seedling tray filling matrix, 1 strain is inserted in every cave.
Matrix described in step (2) is commercial goods seedling medium or is the matrix that primary raw material is prepared with the peat composed of rotten mosses (or agricultural wastes such as edible fungi residue, crops straw, sawdust of fully fermentation), perlite, vermiculite.
Floating seedling tray described in step (2) is polystyrene foam seedling-cultivating tray, coil high (thickness) 6 ~ 8 centimetres, require that there is multiple nursery hole according to nursery, the size in hole is the degree of depth 5.5 ~ 7.5 centimetres, upper bore is 4.5 ~ 5.5 centimetres, lower bore is 2.0 ~ 2.5 centimetres, and bottom stays 1 diameter to be the aperture of 0.6 ~ 1.0 centimetre, and nursery hole is cone or rectangular pyramid or polygonal pyramid body.
The present invention has following good effect: according to the requirement of double break root graft, the nutrient management method of Floating nursing is improved, namely the management carrying out healing and phase of taking root first is swum in clear water after grafting, make the moisture supply of matrix balanced, the temperature in seedbed, humidity uniformity, and easily control, be unlikely to again to make the nutrient content in matrix too high and root of hair after affecting grafting cuttage, again nutrient solution is injected after seedling to be grafted survives seedbed survive after management, this has not only been incorporated into double break root graft with the advantage of Floating nursing together with, but also overcome the shortcoming of the general double break root graft of muskmelon and Floating nursing, planting percent reaches more than 90%, more than 10% is improved than directly swimming in nutrient solution the planting percent carrying out healing and period management of taking root after the cuttage of double break root graft seedling, the grafting neat and consistent of cultivating, commodity is good, robust growth, well developed root system, vitality is strong, not easily old and feeble, stronger to the adaptability of low temperature, effectively can prevent and treat the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as Muskmelon Fusarium wilt and alleviation soil continuous cropping obstacle, be particularly suitable for carrying out facility Long term cultivation, after grafting field planting in early spring, slow seedling is fast, field-transplanting survival rate can reach more than 96%.In addition, also can save seedling culture space, improve the productivity ratio in unit are seedbed; Grafting speed is fast, and planting percent is high, can reduce production cost; It is simple to operate, is convenient to batch production, intensive, large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the muskmelon grafting growing way figure that the inventive method is cultivated.
Embodiment
There is following embodiment can be described in detail essence of the present invention, and can not the present invention be limited.
Embodiment 1
(1) stock and scion variety are selected: stock variety is selected with muskmelon grafting affinity strong, well developed root system, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, heat-resisting, do not affect quality and the local flavor of muskmelon, not easily early ageing and hypocotyl easily produce the kind of adventive root, No. 3, anvil as glad in pumpkin variety capital, No. 2, river in Zhejiang Province anvil, No. 1, holy anvil, Xin Tuzuo, hero, all-round armor, No. 1, southern anvil, No. 3, southern anvil, and special stock muskmelon (this anvil) kind century star muskmelon, section letter No. 1, anvil, moral height iron prop etc.; The thick-skinned melon variety and Thin Skin Muskmelon Varieties applied are produced in scion variety selection, precocity should be selected, easily sit the kind of melon, quality better, as fought Luo Tuo, silver-colored honey, emerald green perfume (or spice), the sweet world etc. in Elizabethan, 'Zhongtian 1', golden beauty, clear monarch No. 1, No. 6, gold honey, west.(2) seedling medium: commercial goods seedling medium can be selected, such as, the Overwater-floating seedling medium that Guangzhou Hu Di fertilizer Science and Technology Ltd. produces can be selected, the blue or green board factorial seedling growth in the Shandong that Jinan Lu Qing seedling Co., Ltd produces commonly uses matrix, the cotton water that Hunan Shui Mu Bioisystech Co., Ltd produces floats special seedling substrate etc., can be also that primary raw material is prepared with the peat composed of rotten mosses (or agricultural wastes such as edible fungi residue, crops straw, sawdust of fully fermentation), perlite, vermiculite.(3) nutrient solution prescription: every 1 premium on currency is containing macroelement: 431 milligrams, nitrate of lime, 325 milligrams, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 75 milligrams, 193 milligrams, magnesium sulfate, containing trace element: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 12.5 milligrams, boric acid (H
3bO
3) 1.43 milligrams, manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 1.04 milligrams, zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 0.11 milligram, copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 0.04 milligram; Or adopt Japanese vegetable garden experimental formula, use by 1/2 concentration, directly can buy flowers or vegetables soilless culture universal nutrient solution-Japanese vegetable garden experimental formula nutrient solution raw materials that Beijing small stream youth agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd produces, use by 1/2 of normal concentration; Or the Fertilizer for Floating Nursing of Cotton Seedling in Water Bed using Hunan Shui Mu Bioisystech Co., Ltd to produce, be first watered 5 kilograms by every bag special fertilizer for seedling culture (often wrapping 400 grams) and be made into mother liquor, then add water 150 ~ 200 kilograms; Also commercially available nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer can be selected simply to be mixed with the solution of 0.1% ~ 0.2% as nutrient solution.Control the pH value of nutrient solution between 6 ~ 7.(4) seedbed prepares: in common booth or the built-in seedbed of beam-connected greenhouse, dark 15 ~ 20 centimetres of seedbed, wide 1.2 meters, long 2.1 ~ 2.2 meters (standard seedbed), also can be determined on a case-by-case basis, at the bottom of bed, spread the polyethylene film (the most handy black) of one deck 0.06 ~ 0.1 millimeters thick, film is close to native face and each 15 centimetres of seedbed edge of bed is covered in extension, real by soil pressure, make the nutrient solution that 8 ~ 10 centimetres, seedling bed energy splendid attire is dark, seedbed is inserted bamboo chip again and build Small plastic shed.(5) cultivation of stock and scion: stock and scion are live after all adopting presoaking and germinating, generally 500 times of liquid and agricultural streptomycin 4,000,000 unit (being watered 15 kilograms) is made every effort to overcome with 72.2% before sowing, or the disease prestige 1000 times of liquid that go out, or 70% thiophanate-methyl, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid water and execute matrix and carry out matrix sterilization.Stock was than the general planting early enough of scion 3 ~ 8 days, can broadcast sowing in seedbed after stock presprouting of seeds or 3 cm thick matrix (water content about 75%) are housed, the length of side 50 ~ 70 centimetres, bottom has in the plastic seeding culturing plate of osculum, thickness of sowing be between seed at a distance of 4 ~ 6 centimetres, carry out seedling management according to a conventional method; In order to improve graft survival rate, when the neat seedling of stock, cotyledon are open and flat, the paclobutrazol of available 12000 times is sprayed 1 time, stock hypocotyl is increased and is slightly beneficial to grafting; If stock plumular axis is meticulous, within 2 ~ 3 days before grafting, growing point can be extractd, thick to promote plumular axis to increase; Because the cotyledon of pumpkin rootstock is comparatively large, for avoiding having an impact to graft survival rate, stock 2 cotyledons respectively can be cut off 1/3 ~ 1/2 in first 1 day in grafting.Rootstock seedling the 1st true leaf occurs just expanding into grafting optimum period.Scion muskmelon can stock emerge 50% time start presoaking and germinating, broadcast sowing after germination in the seedling-cultivating tray that 3 cm thick matrix (water content about 75%) is housed (the nursery square plate of 45 cm x 45 centimetres can be selected), thickness of sowing is to be advisable at a distance of 2 ~ 3 centimetres between seed, cover matrix or vermiculite 1 ~ 1.5 cm thick, then 95% green prosperous No. 1 wetting powder, 3000 ~ 4000 times of liquid are sprayed, send into germinating box or germinating cabinet immediately, temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C is kept to carry out scion water-retaining cultivation, when there being the seedling emergence of more than 80%, be positioned over can irradiate sunlight Small plastic shed or booth in, scion seedling is shown in 1 ~ 2 day sunlight, when cotyledon start turn green open and flat to cotyledon time be grafting optimum period.(6) medium in tray: long 70 centimetres, wide 40 centimetres, high 6 centimetres of the specification Bian of floating seedling tray, has the polystyrene foam seedling-cultivating tray in 108 holes, cavities be taper shape or rectangular pyramid, upper bore 4.5 centimetres, lower bore 2 centimetres, dark 5.5 centimetres.During sabot, first matrix be poured on concrete floor or on film, the 600 times of liquid of the carbendazol wettable powder with 50% squirt and stir, make water content of substrate reach about 60% of own wt, namely hand is pinched agglomerating, loses flowing water between finger, backwardly naturally to scatter down, then just can sabot.First matrix is evenly poured in seedling-cultivating tray, shake seedling-cultivating tray, what allow matrix compare consolidation is filled in nursery hole, then with the little plank of 1 cm thick, 50 centimeter length, the matrix compacting on seedling-cultivating tray surface is struck off, water of revealing the exact details is watered before grafting, stamp 108 dark 1 centimetre of apertures with card punch at each cavities central point opposite position, treat that skewer broadcasts grafting.(7) grafting: adopt double break root graft, when firm expansion appears in rootstock seedling the 1st true leaf, scion young plant leaf start turn green open and flat to cotyledon time carry out grafting, grafting first 1 day stock and scion will spray 1 water, and to strict sterilization be noted, the potassium permanganate liquid opponent of 0.5 ‰ and the instrument disinfection such as blade, bamboo let of grafting is dipped in 70% medicinal alcohol cotton balls or cotton balls, every process in 1 ~ 1.5 hour 1 time during operation before grafting.Grafting adds the 72.2% general mixed liquor of making every effort to overcome 1500 times of liquid and adding agricultural streptomycin 4,000,000 unit (being watered 15 kilograms) with metalaxyl-mn-zn 600 times of liquid in first 1 day, or with the 72.2% general mixed liquor of making every effort to overcome 700 times of liquid and adding agricultural streptomycin 400 ~ 5,000,000 unit (being watered 15 kilograms), or 70% thiophanate-methyl, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid spray stock and scion carries out disinfection, until blade drips, also scion seedling can be immersed before grafting in 800 times of thiophanate methyl liquid about 2 hours in batches.First to choose during grafting stock, and stock primitive root system is cut away at stock plumular axis collar place of 5 ~ 7 centimetres below cotyledonary node, the method of plant propagation with cutting or cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting again, when adopting method of plant propagation with cutting grafting, first with blade, stock growing point is removed, the cotyledonary node of stock is clamped gently with the forefinger of left hand and thumb, it is flat that the right hand holds two sides, long 1.5 centimetres of inclined-plane, the small bamboo spike of top glut shape is close to arteries and veins base portion in cotyledon petioles and is become the oblique insertion of 30 ~ miter angle 0.8 ~ 1.0 centimetre to another cotyledon with plumular axis being parallel to cotyledon direction, namely insert to thumb direction from forefinger place, thumb place is just in time arrived with the tip of bamboo let, bamboo let head can be seen but do not break stock epidermis and be advisable.And then get scion seedling, scion two panels cotyledon is closed up and clutches, below cotyledonary node base portion, the plumular axis of 0.5 ~ 1 centimeters to be splayed a cutter to butt by end of blade, and long 0.8 ~ 1.0 centimetre of bevel, claim large inclined-plane, another side only need remove skim epidermis, claims little inclined-plane.Extract the bamboo let be inserted in stock, immediately stock is inserted in the muskmelon scion that cut, make large inclined-plane downwards with the inclined-plane close proximity of stock socket, stock and scion cotyledon are " ten " shape, the elasticity that scion is inserted gently carries scion cotyledon with thumb and forefinger, can not extract and be advisable.After grafting rapidly by the cuttage of root pruning and grafting seedling in the expanded polystyrene foam seedling-cultivating tray filling matrix, 1 strain is inserted in every cave, the cuttage degree of depth 2 ~ 3 centimetres.(8) heal and the management of the phase of taking root: in seedbed, put into 3 ~ 4 centimetres of dark clear water, skewer is broadcast the floating seedling tray rapid flotation of grafting in seedbed, be put on the seedling bed water surface by 2 horizontal 1 vertical setting of types, on seedling-cultivating tray, 800 times of carbendazim are sprayed immediately with sprayer, or gram bacterium star of 800 ~ 1000 times or tpn carry out disinfection, make seedling and matrix combine closely simultaneously.At once at Small plastic shed upper cover plastic film moisture-heat preservation, film is added a cover sunshade net shading.After grafting, 1 ~ 3 day temperature keeps daytime 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, night 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, promotes the healing of root of hair and grafting wound, stuffy, keeps air humidity more than 95%, and illumination management, based on shading, suitably can be shown in light sooner or later when scion is not wilted; Within after grafting 4 ~ 6 days, can induce the root that makes new advances, wound starts healing, suitably can reduce temperature, control daytime at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, night 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, air humidity can be reduced to 90%, when scion is not wilted, suitable ventilation and penetrating light, and extend the ventilation and penetrating light time gradually; Grafting after 7 days grafting substantially survive, temperature still controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C daytime, then be reduced to 16 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C night, air humidity is reduced to about 85%, further stronger ventilation printing opacity, slight wilting can not shading or only sunlight is strong at noon time hide l ~ 2 hour, make grafting accept natural lighting gradually by the hardening process of " seeing that light-shade-see light ".After general 10 days, grafting can survive completely, can enter grafting survive after management.(9) grafting survive after management: after grafting survives, the nutrient solution prepared is put into seedbed, Depth Nutrient Solution is made to reach 8 ~ 10 centimetres, allow grafting swim in nutrient solution, nutrient solution is risen from bottom to up by its content and supplies seedling moisture and nutrient under the capillarity of matrix.Temperature keeps daytime 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C, progressively can throw off covering completely, only in overlay film insulation at night, when muskmelon seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, night, temperature can be reduced to 15 DEG C ~ 16 DEG C, was beneficial to Female flower differentiation, within before field planting 1 week, carry out cold acclimation, night, temperature can drop to 13 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C.Note at any time the axillalry bud grown between stock cotyledon being erased in time, in order to avoid affect scion growth.After grafting 15 ~ 22 days, garden field planting can be gone out when grafting 2 leaf 1 heart to 3 leaf 1 heart.Adopt above-mentioned muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, the seedling neat and consistent of cultivating, robust growth, well developed root system, planting percent reaches 90.6%, higher by 5% ~ 10% than the nursery of traditional double root pruning and grafting, 11.2% is improved than directly swimming in nutrient solution the planting percent carrying out healing and period management of taking root after the cuttage of double break root graft seedling, the strong stress resistance of seedling, low temperature resistant and disease resistance significantly strengthens, effectively can prevent and treat the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as Muskmelon Fusarium wilt and alleviation soil continuous cropping obstacle, take root rapidly after transplanting, slow seedling is fast, transplanting survival rate reaches 97.5%, stock excessive growth can be prevented, effectively can prevent the aging of grafting muskmelon shoot root system, not easily there is early ageing in the later stage, number of bearing fruit is more than traditional grafting, output significantly improves, be particularly suitable for muskmelon facility Long term cultivation.Matrix makes whole seedling raising process depart from soil, can break away from the harm of soilborne disease, worm, weeds.And it is simple to operate, grafting speed is fast, and save seedbed, dart transfer is with the obvious advantage, gets seedling, fortune seedling is convenient, and applicable batch production, scale, industrialization are produced, and are also adapted to the nursery voluntarily of dispersion peasant household.The muskmelon grafting growing way adopting said method to cultivate is shown in accompanying drawing.
Claims (10)
1. a muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) applicable stock variety and scion melon variety is selected;
(2) adopt double break root graft method to carry out grafting, then cuttage is in the floating seedling tray filling matrix;
(3) cuttage there is is the floating seedling tray of grafting to swim in the seedbed that clear water is housed to carry out the management of healing with the phase of taking root;
(4) nutrient solution is injected seedbed after surviving by grafting, makes cuttage have the floating seedling tray of grafting to swim in the management after surviving in nutrient solution.
2. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, stock variety described in step (1) comprises: No. 3, the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital, No. 2, river in Zhejiang Province anvil, No. 1, holy anvil, Xin Tuzuo, hero, all-round armor, No. 1, southern anvil, No. 3, southern anvil, or special stock melon variety century star muskmelon, section letter No. 1, anvil, moral height iron prop; Melon variety described in step (1) comprises: Elizabethan, 'Zhongtian 1', golden beauty, clear monarch No. 1, gold honey No. 6, west fight Luo Tuo, silver honey, the Cui Xianghuomi world.
3. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) occurs firm expansion when rootstock seedling the 1st true leaf, scion young plant leaf start to turn green open and flat to cotyledon time employing double break root graft method carry out grafting.
4. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Step (4) described nutrient solution prescription is: nitrogen content 95 ~ 300 mg/litre, phosphorus pentoxide content 18 ~ 300 mg/litre, potassium oxide content 20 ~ 300 mg/litre, iron content 0 ~ 20 mg/litre, Boron contents 0 ~ 2 mg/litre, Fe content 0 ~ 4 mg/litre, Zn content 0 ~ 2 mg/litre, copper content 0 ~ 0.5 mg/litre, pH6 ~ 7.
5. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the healing of step (3) is swum in the seedbed that 3 ~ 4 centimetres of dark clear water are housed by the floating seedling tray of good for cuttage grafting with the management of phase of taking root.
6. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
The healing of step (3) is on seedbed, build moisture-heat preservation and shading facility with the management of phase of taking root, by the scientific management of temperature, humidity and illumination, promote taking root of the healing of grafting wound and stock, after 10 days, grafting survives completely, namely enter grafting survive after management.
7. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
Seedbed is built moisture-heat preservation and shading facility, within after grafting 1 ~ 3 day, keep temperature daytime 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, night 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, stuffy, keep air humidity more than 95%, illumination management, based on shading, is respectively shown in light 0.5 ~ 1 hour sooner or later when scion is not wilted; After grafting 4 ~ 6 days, temperature controlled at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C daytime, night 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, air humidity is reduced to 90%, when scion is not wilted every day ventilation and penetrating light 2 ~ 3 hours, and extend the ventilation and penetrating light time gradually, namely, every day extends 1 ~ 3 hour ventilation and penetrating light time; Grafting after 7 days day temperature still control at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, then be reduced to 16 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C night, air humidity is reduced to 85%, slightly wilt not shading or only sunlight is strong at noon time hide l ~ 2 hour, after 10 days, grafting survives completely, namely enter grafting survive after management.
8. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the management after step (4) survives is the nutrient solution that injection 8 ~ 10 centimetres is dark in seedbed.
9. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 8, is characterized in that,
Cuttage is allowed to have the floating seedling tray of grafting to swim in nutrient solution, temperature keeps daytime 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C, progressively throw off the covering for moisture-heat preservation and shading, only in overlay film insulation at night, when muskmelon seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, night, temperature was reduced to 15 DEG C ~ 16 DEG C, within before field planting 1 week, carried out cold acclimation, and night, temperature drop was to 13 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C; At any time the axillalry bud grown between stock cotyledon is erased in time, after grafting 15 ~ 22 days, when grafting 2 leaf 1 heart goes out garden field planting to during 3 leaf 1 heart.
10. a kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when the neat seedling of stock, cotyledon are open and flat, with the paclobutrazol solution spray 1 time of 12000 times, stock hypocotyl is increased thick; Or 2 ~ 3 days before grafting extract stock growing point, thick to promote plumular axis to increase; When selecting pumpkin rootstock, stock 2 cotyledons respectively being cut off 1/3 ~ 1/2 in first 1 day in grafting, being conducive to improving graft survival rate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410293296.0A CN104012310B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410293296.0A CN104012310B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104012310A CN104012310A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| CN104012310B true CN104012310B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
Family
ID=51429543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410293296.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104012310B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104012310B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104381027A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-04 | 和县朱韩种植家庭农场 | Muskmelon planting method |
| CN104904458B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南省农业信息与工程研究所 | A kind of field management method of muskmelon facility Long term cultivation |
| CN105284434A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Method for cultivating by grafting pumpkin seedlings with melons |
| CN105638255A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 淮南市亚丰酥瓜研究所 | High survival rate grafting method of melons |
| CN107047003A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 王现明 | A kind of implantation methods of watermelon |
| CN108849306A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-23 | 付再上 | A kind of organic western muskmelon ratooning new process |
| CN109197196A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-15 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method of pachydermia netted melon cuttage and seedling culture |
| CN111108933B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-08-10 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of ornamental pumpkin complex |
| CN111631031B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2022-07-29 | 山东省伟丽种苗科学研究院 | Seedling raising method for grafting double-stem seedlings on melons |
| CN114982492A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-02 | 兰考坤禾农业开发有限公司 | Rapid grafting seedling raising method for small honeydew melons |
| CN114847147A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-05 | 兰考坤禾农业开发有限公司 | Standardized grafting seedling raising method for high-sweetness mini-type watermelons |
| CN115005029B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-02-02 | 廊坊市科龙种子有限公司 | Ten-cycle high-yield planting technology for muskmelon greenhouse |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1806490A (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2006-07-26 | 上海孙桥农业技术有限公司 | Cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato |
| CN101147459A (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2008-03-26 | 湖南农业大学 | Dry-land crops dry-wet two-section tray seedling growth method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5836934B2 (en) * | 1980-07-26 | 1983-08-12 | 保志 伊須 | How to graft melons |
-
2014
- 2014-06-25 CN CN201410293296.0A patent/CN104012310B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1806490A (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2006-07-26 | 上海孙桥农业技术有限公司 | Cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato |
| CN101147459A (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2008-03-26 | 湖南农业大学 | Dry-land crops dry-wet two-section tray seedling growth method |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| "厚皮甜瓜断根插接育苗技术";朱进 等;《长江蔬菜》;20061231(第8期);第25、26页 * |
| "无籽西瓜水浮育苗嫁接技术";周泉 等;《湖南农业科学》;20131231(第15期);第53-56页 * |
| "水培扦插繁殖研究进展";何铃 等;《南方农业》;20090331(第3期);第87、88页 * |
| "西瓜、甜瓜水浮育苗技术";陈安兵;《上海蔬菜》;20101231(第1期);第72页 * |
| "西瓜甜瓜嫁接育苗安全生产技术规程";别之龙;《中国瓜菜》;20121231;第25卷(第1期);第50-52页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104012310A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104012310B (en) | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method | |
| CN101637092B (en) | Method for culturing large eucalyptus seedlings | |
| CN102835241B (en) | Method for raising peach tree seedlings in container | |
| CN104012308B (en) | A kind of seedling-cultivating method of watermelon Long term cultivation | |
| CN103385098B (en) | A kind of turnip sprout vegetable soilless culture method | |
| CN105794354B (en) | A kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method | |
| CN103609278B (en) | A kind of watermelon in sunlight greenhouse cultivation method | |
| CN106576476B (en) | The tissue culture implantation methods of selenium-rich sugarcane | |
| CN105660099B (en) | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method | |
| CN105766310B (en) | A kind of sweet photo seed nutritional bag seedling method | |
| CN103404342B (en) | Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbitamoschata grafting and strong seedling cultivation method | |
| CN105766507A (en) | Fertile-seedbed dry-seedling-raising method for rice | |
| CN103535170A (en) | Method for cultivating black waxy corn | |
| CN103329802A (en) | Pollution-free high-yield planting method for strawberries | |
| CN108633639A (en) | Cultivation method for alternately covering balsam pear and cowpea with core mustard in south China for three crops in one year | |
| CN102349430B (en) | Method for breeding seedlings of grapes by using containers | |
| CN105638371B (en) | A kind of green propagation method of Gu tea tree | |
| CN103636373A (en) | Method for vegetative propagation of vaccinium plants through fresh sphagnum | |
| CN106069491A (en) | A kind of method planting tea oil tree in Herba Imperatae ground | |
| CN104969776A (en) | Intensification root-breaking grafting and seedling cultivating method for thin-skinned melons | |
| CN107996169A (en) | A kind of walnut container seedling culture method | |
| CN107996242A (en) | A kind of Moringa container seedling culture method | |
| CN101147459B (en) | Dry-land crops dry-wet two-section tray seedling growth method | |
| CN110326527A (en) | A kind of soilless culture method of color green pepper | |
| CN109757274A (en) | Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160120 |