CN1806490A - Cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato - Google Patents
Cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato Download PDFInfo
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- CN1806490A CN1806490A CNA2006100239145A CN200610023914A CN1806490A CN 1806490 A CN1806490 A CN 1806490A CN A2006100239145 A CNA2006100239145 A CN A2006100239145A CN 200610023914 A CN200610023914 A CN 200610023914A CN 1806490 A CN1806490 A CN 1806490A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating an ornamental tree tomato, which is characterized in that the product is produced by means of grafting, one or more grafts are grated into main stem or side branch of stock, stock can be cultivated tomato or wild nightshade; graft is tomato strain with different shape, size and mature color. The cultivation type can be base material cultivation or water cultivation. The invention solves problem of single strain and color in current tomato cultivation mode, enriches the size, shape and color of fruit in the same tomato tree, which is more ornamental.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to modern sight-seeing agriculture plant cultivation technology, specifically is a kind of culture technique of ornamental dentritic tomato.
Two, background technology:
The ornamental type tomato generally is the cherry and tomato (small fruit type tomato) of dwarf-type at present, mostly be the potted plant type that binds certainly, and plant height is many about 20cm, can not grow up to grand tree-shaped moulding; And tree type tomato also cries tomato tree, though grow vigorous, plant is huge, the magnificence of tree type, all is single variety solid colors, sight is not strong.Can solve the problem that the tomato cultivation form exists by the grafting means, on the tree type basis of same strain tomato with regard to enriching such as the shape of fruit, size, colors, give tree type tomato stronger sight, also make and view and admire tomato and not only be confined to potted plant microminiaturization, the no longer unification of tree type tamato fruit.
Three, summary of the invention:
The present invention propose a kind of both can be at double or tens of hundred times of performance tomato individual plant yield potentials, the long tamato fruit that different colours, difformity and size are arranged on same plant again, tree type cultivation method of tomatoes with very strong sight.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato, it is characterized in that: described tree type tomato realizes that through grafting method the scion grafting is on the stem of stock or on the side shoot, and the quantity of scion is one or more.Stock can be the cultivation type tomato variety, also can be the wild type plant of Solanaceae; Scion is fruit difformity, different size, a plurality of tomato varieties of different colours when ripe.Used planting form is selected a kind of in substrate culture and water planting.Effectively solved the single variety solid color problem of tomato cultivation form by the grafting means, on the tree type basis of same strain tomato with regard to enriching such as the shape of fruit, size, colors, given tree type tomato stronger sight, also made and view and admire tomato and not only be confined to potted plant microminiaturization.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a strain ornamental dentritic tomato has hundreds and thousands of growing points, and at side shoot base portion rope traction come-up net (cultivating stand), floating online branch will have sequentially evenly distribution by different fruit shape, colors, does not hide pressure mutually.Ornamental dentritic tomato can stay colored setting successively, and promptly (growing point about 500 before) opened before plant is reaching the predetermined hat width of cloth spends whole excisions.Spending all of opening afterwards stays, for guaranteeing fruit-setting rate, available tomato spirit spraying decoration or the pollination of electronics pollenator.Carry out fruit thinning by fruit size and appearance quality behind the setting.Behind the fruit annesl expected effect of the present invention, view and admire from setting down, under the visible dense branches and leaves, tamato fruit is colorful, just as the motley grape of string string.This kind ornamental dentritic tomato individual plant area can reach more than 4 square meters, and maximum can reach more than 100 square meters, can reach vegetative period more than 6 months, and the longest can reach more than 2 years.
Four, embodiment:
1. this ornamental dentritic tomato adopts graft technology to realize.Should take into full account the disease-resistant resistance of stock, good property and the fruit sight and the conditions such as affinity between the two and growth synchronism of scion.
Stock selects with scion higher grafting affinity and good symbiosis affinity are arranged, scion is had no adverse effects, compare with scion variety that root system is more flourishing, the plant growing way is stronger, has stronger anti-sick worm, high temperature resistant high light, low temperature and poor light, moisture-proof, the height of the fertile ability of drought-enduring and stronger suction is anti-, high yield, indeterminate growth type tomato variety or wild Solanaceae plant; Scion selects for use proterties good, produces wide adaptability, large fruit tomato, middle fruit type tomato, the one or more indeterminate growth type tomato varieties such as tomato, cherry and tomato of going here and there of different fruit colors such as long red, yellow, dark brown, blue or green, lathe work of the phase of bearing fruit, the five colours.
2. graft technology:
2.1 stock is grown seedlings: stock generally adopts feeding block seedlings raising in advance, moves into big nutritive cube or changes the nutrient solution water planting into during 2 leaves, 1 heart.When stock length to 6 begins to stay side shoot during to 7 leaves, 1 heart, what of scion quantity to determine the quantity of side shoot and the sowing time of scion according to.
2.2 grafting: grafting is generally adopted cleft grafting or is cut sth. askew and connects (amplexiforming) method.
2.2.1 cleft grafting: grafting method one: when stock one-level side shoot length has 6～8 leaves, during stem stalk semi-lignified, carry out cleft grafting, choose side shoot healthy and strong on the stock and keep 2 leaves, remove top, dark 1～1.5 centimetre of stock side shoot stem intermediate vertical incision then, subsequently that the cane thickness is suitable with stock side shoot scion is by downcutting on the plant, and the place removes the lower end at semi-lignified, keeps 2～3 true leaves, be whittled into wedge shape, the wedge shape size is suitable with the stock otch, inserts in the otch of stock, after the alignment with being about to scion, fix with Grafting clip, put into the little shed of the plastics of buckling well in advance immediately.
Grafting method two: becoming strain or partly becoming on the arbitrary healthy and strong side shoot of tree type tomato of strain to adopt the scion of cleft grafting method grafting target.
Connect (amplexiforming) 2.2.2 cut sth. askew: grafting method one: when stock one-level side shoot length to 5～6 leaves, carry out grafting, the same cleft graft of graft position.Cut sth. askew above 2 leaves of stock with blade, long 1～1.5 centimetre of inclined-plane, 30 °～40 ° of angles are removed the top; Scion keeps 2～3 true leaves, is whittled into an inclined-plane opposite with stock (removing the lower end), fits together with stock then, fixes with clip, puts into plastic canopy immediately.
Grafting method two: becoming strain or partly becoming to adopt to cut sth. askew on the arbitrary healthy and strong side shoot of tree type tomato of strain to connect the scion of method grafting target.
Grafting method three:, becoming strain, partly becoming on the trunk of tree type tomato of strain or the arbitrary healthy and strong side shoot from top to bottom helical form to choose otch to adopt the scion of cleft grafting method grafting target at the trunk of selected stock.
2.3 grafting management:
About 9～10 days of tomato interface healing stage, this stage mainly is to create suitable temperature, humidity and illumination condition, promotes the interface quickly-healing.
The tomato grafting mostly is the connection of being completely cured, and temperature in its survival rate and the subenvironment and air humidity relation are very close.The preference temperature of tomato grafting healing, 25～26 ℃ of daytimes, 20～22 ℃ of nights.Temperature is lower than 20 ℃ or be higher than 30 ℃ and all be unfavorable for interface healing.All interior air humiditys will reach more than 95% after the grafting.Summer high temperature grafting in season will be taked way shading cooling, as take cool canopy, uses black sunshade net covering etc.Avoid sunlight direct irradiation rice shoot, cause the scion wilting.Fully water in the little shed after the grafting, and cover little shed completely, wanted whole shadings in 3～4 days,, remove covering and little shed plastics gradually, 10 days later normal management of recovering with later half shading (light is seen in both sides).In case of overcast and rainy can be without shading.Notice that the shading time can not be long, excessive, otherwise can influence the growth of grafting.Will increase ventilation time and ventilation gradually during this period, but must keep higher air humidity, spray first and second noon every day, until surviving fully, just changes normal temperature and humidity management over to.
Owing to excised the growing point of stock and one-level side shoot during grafting, can promote stock secondary sprouting of lateral bud like this, particularly through the management of one section high temperature, high humidity, shading, the very fast change of lateral bud may have grown into young leaves, directly influences growing of scion.So after the interface healing, should extract stock and sprout leaf at once, necessarily extract from the leaf base portion, remove totally thoroughly, avoid sprouting again.
3. plant culture technology:
3.1 ornamental dentritic tomato cultivating pool design
3.1.1 substrate culture pond: according to the distribution area and the scale of construction size of plant strain growth root mass in the cycle, the cultivating pool volume is set to about 1.0～1.5 cubes more, the footpath is wide, height and shape are decided according to the displaying of ornamental dentritic tomato or production purposes, personal like, but will be followed the practical and attractive operating principle of being convenient to.Cultivating pool auxiliary facility: (plant) floating in the air net, top micro-spray device, nutrient solution liquid-supplying system, bottom underground heat heating system, discharging of waste liquid recovery system etc.The cultivation matrix proportioning will follow that nutrition arrangement is reasonable, permeability is strong, water supply and sewage is unobstructed, be beneficial to the root mass expansion, be convenient to the principle of nutrient solution concentration regulation and control.
3.1.2 water-cultivating pond: the same 3.1.1 of cultivating pool volume size.Cultivating pool auxiliary facility: floating in the air net, top micro-spray device, nutrient solution liquid-supplying system, bottom underground heat heating system, nutrient solution aeration system, water gauge, root system (support, fix) kickboard, nutrient solution discharging recovery of circulatory system, cultivating pool lid etc.
3.2 plant maintenance management
3.2.1 suitable sowing date: sowing mid-July (or March), carry out grafting management, be colonizated at the bottom of August in big nutritive cube or the water planting case, the beginning of October is colonizated in cultivating pool, plant reaches that certain hat breadth is long-pending promptly can be begun to stay Hua Liuguo (fruit is plucked in defloration before this at the end of one month, remove sick and weak branch), April fruit annesl (the view greenhouse can reach landscape effect with ornamental dentritic tomato May Day in next year), ripening fruits (sclerderm kind) can hang the moon on plant surplus.
3.2.2 setting date: the plant trunk is 1～2 during field planting, 3～5 of one-level branches, individual plant area coverage 2～4 square meters.Plantation density: individual plant takes up an area of 7～8m * 7～8m (suitable trunk quantity has 25～30 growing points when arriving floating net with plant, and the open and flat 2m of reaching of plant is advisable).
3.2.3 environment conditioning: this ornamental dentritic tomato is carried out the alternating temperature management vegetative period, in order to nutrient accumulation, strengthens the plant resistance.About 27～28 ℃ of (fine day) mornings are based on photosynthesis; Slowly lower the temperature noon, and room temperature is about 15～18 ℃ during at four or five in afternoon; Ten to ten half past one of evening are 9.5～10 ℃ (winters) or 12～13 ℃ (summer); Early 7 with night temperature be similar to.Humidity remains on daytime about 60～80%.
3.2.4 nutrient management: nutrient solution pH value is controlled at about 6.5, nutrient solution EC value is controlled in 1.6～1.9ms/cm (summer), the 2.0～2.5ms/cm (winter), the temperature control of nutrient solution liquid is in 18～20 ℃, nutrient solution supply, circulation timei (winter) every day 1～2 time, (summer) 4～5 times, the substrate culture liquid supply rate is seen 30% time liquid measure be as the criterion (can monitor matrix EC value this moment) with leakage fluid dram.
3.2.5 daily cultivation management: the ornamental dentritic tomato training is different with common tomato training, common tomato training is for going alone training, all side shoots will all be removed, and the ornamental dentritic tomato training is adopted continuously more than pruning method, except that the one-level branch keeps 1～2 growing point, strong side shoot reaching or above grade two all keeps, and only extracts the sick leaf of some small and weak side shoots, flower and the old and the weak.
Claims (3)
1. the cultivation method of an ornamental dentritic tomato is characterized in that: described tree type tomato realizes that through grafting method the scion grafting is on the stem of stock or on the side shoot, and the quantity of scion is one or more.
2. the cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: stock is the cultivation type tomato variety, or the wild type plant of Solanaceae; Scion is fruit difformity, different size, the tomato variety of different colours when ripe.
3. the cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: used planting form is substrate culture or water planting.
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| CNA2006100239145A CN1806490A (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Cultivation method of ornamental dentritic tomato |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828510A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-15 | 新昌县来益生态农业发展有限公司 | Water culture method of tomato with high nutrient content |
| CN103843589A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-11 | 岑熙 | Wild head-changing grafting technology for solanaceous plants |
| CN104012310A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-03 | 湖南省农业信息与工程研究所 | Method for grafting and raising a seedling of melon |
| CN104686177A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 黄兴学 | Tomato tree cultivating method |
| CN105009920A (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2015-11-04 | 宋涛 | Planting method for potted tomatoes |
| CN105613117A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-06-01 | 天津市月坛农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse capable of monitoring growth of plants intelligently |
| CN105917944A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 句容市天王镇戴庄有机农业专业合作社 | Vegetative propagation method for organic cherry tomatoes |
| CN107094508A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-29 | 宾川县富鑫农产品开发有限责任公司 | A kind of woody Tomato Grafting cultural method |
| CN113424743A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-09-24 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for promoting formation of bouquet-shaped fruit branches of sweet cherry |
-
2006
- 2006-02-16 CN CNA2006100239145A patent/CN1806490A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828510A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-15 | 新昌县来益生态农业发展有限公司 | Water culture method of tomato with high nutrient content |
| CN103843589A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-11 | 岑熙 | Wild head-changing grafting technology for solanaceous plants |
| CN104012310A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-03 | 湖南省农业信息与工程研究所 | Method for grafting and raising a seedling of melon |
| CN104012310B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-20 | 湖南省农业信息与工程研究所 | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method |
| CN105613117A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-06-01 | 天津市月坛农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse capable of monitoring growth of plants intelligently |
| CN104686177A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 黄兴学 | Tomato tree cultivating method |
| CN105009920A (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2015-11-04 | 宋涛 | Planting method for potted tomatoes |
| CN105917944A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 句容市天王镇戴庄有机农业专业合作社 | Vegetative propagation method for organic cherry tomatoes |
| CN107094508A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-29 | 宾川县富鑫农产品开发有限责任公司 | A kind of woody Tomato Grafting cultural method |
| CN113424743A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-09-24 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for promoting formation of bouquet-shaped fruit branches of sweet cherry |
| CN113424743B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-08-04 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for promoting formation of bouquet-shaped branches of sweet cherry |
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