CN103975739A - Propagation method of lithocarpus polysachyus rehd young stock grafting container-grown seedling - Google Patents
Propagation method of lithocarpus polysachyus rehd young stock grafting container-grown seedling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a propagation method of a lithocarpus polysachyus rehd young stock grafting container-grown seedling. The propagation method comprises the operation steps of young stock cultivation and grafting propagation, and is characterized in that a common lithocarpus polysachyus rehd seed is selected, is immersed for one day before being sowed, is dressed by a dipterex solution and then is stored in wet sand, the germinant seed is taken out from the wet sand and is used for culturing a stock in a container for seedling growth, after the nursery stock comes out of the ground, water and fertilizer management and plant diseases and insect pests prevention and control are reinforced, when the ground diameter of the young seedling reaches up to more than 0.3cm, the young seedling can be used for grafting, a half lignified branch is collected from an excellent lithocarpus polysachyus rehd seed tree and serves as a cutting for grafting, a cut-grafting method is adopted for grafting, when young sprouts come out from the cutting, a plastic film is uncovered, sprouts growing on the stock are timely removed, and fertilization application is stopped when winter comes, so that the grafted seedling is enabled to be fully lignified, and the grafted seedling can be taken out of a garden for forest planting in the spring next year. The method is capable of keeping the excellent characteristics of the seed tree, is high in survival rate, is simple and convenient, is easy to popularize, and is suitable for large-scale production and operation for a leaf forest of dwarfing and intensively cultivated lithocarpus polysachyus rehd.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant asexual multiplication technology field, relate to a kind of propagation method of Pasania cuspidata, the propagation method of especially a kind of Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling.
Background technology
Pasania cuspidata (
lithocarpus polystachyus), have another name called many fringes C.-glauca, sweet tea, aiphyllium or dungarunga, high 7 ~ 15m, for the torrid zone, tropical trees, is distributed in each province on the south the Changjiang river, and India, Thailand also have.Pasania cuspidata is valuable ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine seeds, and the effective component of Pasania cuspidata is mainly flavonoids, and its content is greater than 30 %, and wherein phloridzin, the trifloroside with dihydrochalcone glycoside is the emphasis that people pay close attention to.Pasania cuspidata flavonoids has very strong anti-oxidant and plurality of health care functions, Recent study is found, Pasania cuspidata and extract thereof have the effect of significantly hypoglycemic and reducing blood lipid, the sugar refining with tender leaf can supply diabetes patients, to control and the treatment of the diabetes of common concern have important facilitation in the world.
From the tender leaf of Pasania cuspidata, can extract pigment, Pasania cuspidata pigment productive rate can reach 10% left and right that cured leaf is heavy, is brown granular shape highly finished product, nonhygroscopic rotten, can long term storage, free from extraneous odour, good water solubility, strong coloring force, stablizes light, thermocolour pool, and this pigment is tested through toxicity toxin, acute toxicity experience, the nontoxic level in true border, edible safety is high, and the sugar-coat that can be used for candy, cola drink, ice cream, assembled alcoholic drinks and medicine is painted.Pasania cuspidata tender leaf and bud are used for being made into Pasania cuspidata " sweet tea " and drink, and color and luster, mouthfeel are good, existing history of more than one thousand years.The exploitation of Pasania cuspidata leaf have become the focus of current exploratory development.
At present, Pasania cuspidata is main mainly with seminal propagation, but seminal propagation need to be experienced 4～5 months above storing and germination accelerating processes, and seed sprouting is irregular, large with the filial generation differentiation of seminal propagation, is difficult to the merit that keeps maternal.And Pasania cuspidata adopts normal cutting propagation propagation method to cultivate, breeding cycle is long, and rooting rate is unstable, and survival rate is not high, is unfavorable for large-scale production and the Application and Development of Pasania cuspidata breeding.Current Pasania cuspidata " sweet tea " raw material is mostly from the Pasania cuspidata plant of spontaneous growth, but because resource is disperseed, tree-like tall and big, picking blade is time-consuming takes a lot of work, and has seriously restricted the large-scale development of the sweet tea of Pasania cuspidata.The breeding of Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling has feature easy to operation, that reproduction speed is fast, survival rate is high; also good economic characters simultaneously that kept Pasania cuspidata female parent; tree-like dwarfing, is conducive to gathering of intensive cultivation and blade, can scale be applied to actual production.
Therefore, Pasania cuspidata extremely social concerns under the new situation, innovate a kind of vegetative method of Pasania cuspidata, promote Pasania cuspidata high-quality, efficient, scale is fast-developing significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the good economic characters that a kind of cultivation period is short, reproduction speed fast, maintenance is maternal, tree-like dwarfing, the method for utilizing Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting breeding nursery stock easy and simple to handle.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
A propagation method for Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling, is characterized in that: comprise young anvil cultivation and propagation by grafiting step, obtain high-quality Pasania cuspidata nursery stock, its operating procedure is as follows:
1. young anvil is cultivated
(1) seedbed and container are prepared: select leeward on the sunny side, place that drainage is good builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled to Nutrition Soil, neatly be placed on seedbed, the formula of Nutrition Soil is yellow mud by volume feed: coconut palm chaff=4～5: 5～6, mix thoroughly formulated, container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10 cm * 12 cm, sows first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.1 %, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.
(2) seed treatment: select common Pasania cuspidata seed, before sowing with Seed soaking 1 day, then the chlorophos solution that is 0.2% with weight concentration seed dressing, and cover plastic film and carry out desinsection, then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio husky and seed is 1:1.
(3) sowing: seed, through germinateing to February next year to March after storing and germination accelerating after a while, takes out sowing by the seed of germination and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth of filling Nutrition Soil from wet sand, 1 of each container bag sowing, 1 cm is thick for blinding.
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock is unearthed and after 20 days, starts fertilising, take the aqueous solution of commercially available composite fertilizer as main, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration that sprays composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0. 5%, and the weight concentration of applying fertilizer is subsequently increased to 1.5% gradually; It is moistening that often trickle keeps Nutrition Soil, monthly with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90 %, adds 800 times of sprinkling pest controls of water, when young anvil leading thread reaches 0.3 cm, carries out grafting when above.
2. propagation by grafiting
(1) fringe bar is prepared: on good Pasania cuspidata elite stand, gather semi-lignified branch as fringe bar, every blade on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping is carried out moisturizing with wet towel etc.
(2) grafting: the Pasania cuspidata seedling that the leading thread of take reaches more than 0.3 cm is stock, adopt the grafting of cut-grafting method, first with secateurs, from stock base portion 10～12 cm places, stock is being cut off, with grafting knife, in the cross section of stock, vertically cut, the degree of depth reaches 1.5 cm, then fringe bar is cut into the long scion that remains with 1 ~ 2 bud of 3～4 cm, angle at 45 ° is all cut at scion two ends, the top tip is only cut angle at 45 ° by lower end, at the long face of scion lower end, cut the long wound face of a 1.5cm, cut the degree of depth and reach xylem, insert rapidly in the otch of stock, scion is alignd mutually with the formation layer of stock, with plastic film tape, bind.
(3) managing after grafting: take shed after grafting and cover transparent plastic film moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep humidity 85 ~ 90 % in canopy; After young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, remove in time the rudiment growing on stock; After young sprout is aging, open gradually sunshade net, under full light, cultivate grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, method is managed with stock, but enter after the winter, stops fertilising, makes the abundant lignification of grafting, to the spring next year grafting can go out garden afforestation.
the outstanding beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention is the once breakthrough of Pasania cuspidata vegetative propagation technique, utilize Pasania cuspidata children anvil to carry out propagation by grafiting, a large amount of Fast-propagations maintain the Pasania cuspidata nursery stock of maternal good economic characters, seedling root is flourishing, survival rate is high, and be applicable to downgrading intensive cultivation, promote Pasania cuspidata high-quality, efficient, fast-developing.
Embodiment
By concrete case study on implementation, technical scheme of the present invention is described further below.
embodiment 1:
1. young anvil is cultivated
(1) seedbed and container are prepared: select leeward on the sunny side, place that drainage is good builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled to Nutrition Soil to be neatly placed on seedbed, the formula of Nutrition Soil is that 4 parts of yellow muds and 6 parts of coconut palm chaffs are mixed thoroughly formulated by volume feed, container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10 cm * 12 cm, and sowing first 1 day is that the potassium permanganate of 0.1 % carries out sterilizing to Nutrition Soil by concentration.
(2) seed treatment: select the common Pasania cuspidata seed of gathering then in October, 2012, before sowing, use Seed soaking 1 day, the chlorophos solution that is 0.2% by concentration is again dressed seed and is covered plastic film and carries out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio husky and seed is 1: 1.
(3) sowing: seed is through starting to germinate to February next year after storing and germination accelerating after a while, and February 15 took out sowing by the seed of germination and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth of filling Nutrition Soil from wet sand, 1 of each container bag sowing, 1 cm is thick for blinding.
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock is unearthed and after 20 days, starts fertilising, take composite fertilizer as main, weeding in every 15 days and fertilising 1 time, it is moistening that often trickle keeps Nutrition Soil, monthly with 800 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos, spray pest controls, when young anvil leading thread reaches 0.3cm, carry out grafting when above.
2. propagation by grafiting
(1) fringe bar gathers: on September 10th, 2013 gathers semi-lignified branch as fringe bar on good Pasania cuspidata elite stand, and every blade on fringe bar cuts off half, reduces water consumption, and every 50 a bundles wrapping is carried out moisturizing with wet towel etc.
(2) grafting: the Pasania cuspidata seedling that the leading thread of take on September 10th, 2013 reaches more than 0.3 cm is stock, adopt the grafting of cut-grafting method, first with secateurs, from stock base portion 10～12 cm places, stock is being cut off, with grafting knife, in the cross section of stock, vertically cut, the degree of depth reaches 1.5cm, then fringe bar is repaiied and is cut into the long scion that remains with 1～2 bud of 3～4 cm, angle at 45 ° is all cut at scion two ends, the top tip is only cut angle at 45 ° by lower end, at the long face of scion lower end, repair the long wound face of a 1.5cm, the degree of depth reaches xylem, insert rapidly in the otch of stock, scion is alignd mutually with the phloem of stock, with plastic film tape, pack tightly from bottom to top.
(3) managing after grafting: take shed after grafting and cover transparent plastic film moisturizing, and cover sunshade net and shelter from heat or light to nursery stock, keep humidity 85～90% in canopy; After young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, remove in time the rudiment growing on stock, nutrition centralizedly supply is grown to scion; Young sprout is opened sunshade net after aging gradually for the first time, under full light, is cultivating grafting; Check that graft survival rate reaches 92.6% in November, 2013; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, method is managed with stock, but enter after the winter, stops fertilising, makes the abundant lignification of nursery stock, to the spring next year grafting can go out garden afforestation.
embodiment 2:
Gather semi-lignified branch as fringe bar in mid-March, 2014 on good Pasania cuspidata elite stand, and the blade on fringe bar is cut off to half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping is carried out moisturizing with wet towel etc.
The Pasania cuspidata seedling that the leading thread of take on March 11st～13,2014 reaches more than 0.3 cm is stock, adopt the grafting of cut-grafting method, first with secateurs, from stock base portion 10～12 cm places, stock is being cut off, with grafting knife, in the cross section of stock, vertically cut, the degree of depth reaches 1.5cm, then fringe bar is repaiied and is cut into the long scion that remains with 1～2 bud of 3～4 cm, angle at 45 ° is all cut at scion two ends, the top tip is only cut angle at 45 ° by lower end, at the long face of scion lower end, repair the long wound face of a 1.5cm, the degree of depth reaches xylem, insert rapidly in the otch of stock, scion is alignd mutually with the phloem of stock, with plastic film tape, pack tightly from bottom to top.
After grafting, take shed and cover transparent plastic film and sunshade net moisturizing and shelter from heat or light, keep humidity 85～90% in canopy; After young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, remove in time the rudiment growing on stock, nutrition centralizedly supply is grown to scion; Young sprout is opened sunshade net after aging gradually for the first time, under full light, is cultivating grafting; April 29 in 2014, daily inspection graft survival rate reached 93.7%.
embodiment 3:
Select common Pasania cuspidata seed in December, 2012, before sowing with Seed soaking 1 day, then the chlorophos solution that is 0.2% with weight concentration seed dressing, and cover plastic film and carry out desinsection, then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio husky and seed is 1:1.Seed, through germinateing in March, 2013 after storing and germination accelerating after a while, takes out sowing by the seed of germination and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth of filling Nutrition Soil from wet sand, 1 of each container bag sowing, and 1 cm is thick for blinding.Seedbed is built in the place that before sowing, selection is leeward on the sunny side, drainage is good, container for plant growth is filled to Nutrition Soil, neatly be placed on seedbed, the formula of Nutrition Soil is that 4 parts of yellow muds and 5 parts of coconut palm chaffs are mixed thoroughly formulated by volume feed, container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10 cm * 12 cm, sows first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.1 %, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.
After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock is unearthed and after 20 days, starts fertilising, the aqueous solution with commercially available nursery stock with composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration that sprays composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, the weight concentration of applying fertilizer is subsequently increased to 1.5% gradually; It is moistening that often trickle keeps Nutrition Soil, monthly with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90 %, adds 800 times of sprinkling pest controls of water, when young anvil leading thread reaches 0.3 cm, carries out grafting when above.
Gather on good Pasania cuspidata elite stand and gather semi-lignified branch as fringe bar, every blade on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping is carried out moisturizing with wet towel etc.The Pasania cuspidata seedling that leading thread is reached more than 0.3 cm is stock, adopt the grafting of cut-grafting method, first with secateurs, from stock base portion 10～11 cm places, stock is being cut off, with grafting knife, in the cross section of stock, vertically cut, the degree of depth reaches 1.5 cm, then fringe bar is cut into the long scion that remains with 1～2 bud of 3～4 cm, angle at 45 ° is all cut at scion two ends, the top tip is only cut angle at 45 ° by lower end, at the long face of scion lower end, cut the long wound face of a 1.5cm, cut the degree of depth and reach xylem, insert rapidly in the otch of stock, scion is alignd mutually with the formation layer of stock, with plastic film tape, bind.After grafting, take shed and cover transparent plastic film moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep humidity 85～90 % in canopy; After young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, remove in time the rudiment growing on stock; After young sprout is aging, open gradually sunshade net, under full light, cultivate grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, method is managed with stock, but stops fertilising after entering the winter, makes the abundant lignification of grafting, and April 26 in 2014, daily inspection graft survival rate reached 94.48 %, and grafting goes out garden afforestation.
Claims (4)
1. a propagation method for Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling, is characterized in that: comprise that young anvil cultivates and propagation by grafiting step, and acquisition high-quality Pasania cuspidata nursery stock, its operating procedure is as follows:
(1) young anvil is cultivated
1. seedbed and container are prepared: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, and container for plant growth is filled to Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.1 %, Nutrition Soil carried out disinfection routinely;
2. seed treatment: select common Pasania cuspidata seed, before sowing with Seed soaking 1 day, then the chlorophos solution that is 0.2% with weight concentration seed dressing, and cover plastic film and carry out desinsection, then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio husky and seed is 1:1;
3. sowing: after seed storage vernalization, February next year to March, germinate, the seed of germination is taken out to sowing from wet sand and in the container for plant growth of filling Nutrition Soil, cultivate stock, 1 of each container bag sowing, 1 cm is thick for blinding;
4. young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock is strengthened water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and seedling leading thread reaches 0.3cm and can be used for above grafting;
(2) propagation by grafiting
1. fringe bar is prepared: on good Pasania cuspidata elite stand, gather the fringe bar that semi-lignified branch is used as grafting, every blade on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping is carried out moisturizing with wet towel etc.;
2. grafting: the Pasania cuspidata seedling that the leading thread of take reaches more than 0.3cm is stock, adopts the grafting of cut-grafting method;
3. managing after grafting: take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep humidity 85 ~ 90% in canopy, open plastic film after young sprout is extracted in scion out, remove in time the rudiment growing on stock; After young sprout is aging, open gradually sunshade net, under full light, cultivate grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, method is managed with stock, but enter after the winter, stops fertilising, makes the abundant lignification of grafting, to the spring next year grafting can go out garden afforestation.
2. the propagation method of a kind of Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the formula of described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: yellow mud: coconut palm chaff=4～5: 5～6; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10 cm * 12 cm.
3. the propagation method of a kind of Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, after being unearthed 20 days, nursery stock starts fertilising, take the aqueous solution of commercially available composite fertilizer as main, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration that sprays composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0. 5%, and the weight concentration of applying fertilizer is subsequently increased to 1.5% gradually; It is moistening that often trickle keeps Nutrition Soil, monthly with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90 %, adds 800 times of sprinkling pest controls of water.
4. the propagation method of a kind of Pasania cuspidata young anvil grafting container seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: first described cut-grafting method grafting is cutting off stock from stock base portion 10～12 cm places with secateurs, with grafting knife, in the cross section of stock, vertically cut, the degree of depth reaches 1.5 cm, then fringe bar is cut into the long scion that remains with 1～2 bud of 3～4 cm, angle at 45 ° is all cut at scion two ends, the top tip is only cut angle at 45 ° by lower end, at the long face of scion lower end, cut the long wound face of a 1.5cm, cut the degree of depth and reach xylem, insert rapidly in the otch of stock, scion is alignd mutually with the formation layer of stock, with plastic film tape, bind.
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Application publication date: 20140813 Assignee: Guangxi Shengjin Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ZHUANG AUTONOMOUS REGION FORESTRY Research Institute Contract record no.: X2023980045763 Denomination of invention: A Method for Propagation of Container Seedlings Grafted with Young Rootstocks of Multi panicle Cocoa Granted publication date: 20150923 License type: Common License Record date: 20231106 |