CN109952873A - A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock - Google Patents

A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109952873A
CN109952873A CN201910235458.8A CN201910235458A CN109952873A CN 109952873 A CN109952873 A CN 109952873A CN 201910235458 A CN201910235458 A CN 201910235458A CN 109952873 A CN109952873 A CN 109952873A
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grafting
seedling
scion
stock
green shaddock
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郑兴华
何春丽
林妮
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Guangxi Fu Tong Forestry Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Guangxi Fu Tong Forestry Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/001Culture apparatus for tissue culture
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/008Methods for regeneration to complete plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods for quickly grafting green shaddock, select the tender stem-segment with node of children as explant, it is seeded on inducing clumping bud culture medium and cultivates after disinfection, callus is transferred to squamous subculture again and obtains subculture adventitious bud, it finally goes on root media and cultivates again, stock tissue-cultured seedling is obtained after taking root, then by tissue-cultured seedling field planting to seedling medium culture, obtains stock;It selects the green shaddock branch for the semi-lignified that grows fine as scion, disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using cut-grafting method to stock using conventional, then is packed tightly with plastic film;Seedling management is carried out after grafting again.The green shaddock fruit seedling that this method is grafted can not only guarantee that excellent variety characteristic, the survival rate of grafting fruit seedling reach 98% or more, and easy to operate, it is low in cost, grafting time is obviously shortened, and is had a extensive future, to accelerate green shaddock industry fast development to provide strong technical support.

Description

A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling propagation technical field, the method for specifically a kind of quick grafting blueness shaddock.
Background technique
Green shaddock also known as emerald shaddock originate in Bangkok, THA one band of low land nearby, and external form is in short ball shape, and pulp is pink, and core is small, The whiter shaddock soft and succulency of meat, pol is high, tart flavour is low, therefore also known as its ' sweet shaddock '.Green shaddock pulp is sparkling and crystal-clear tender and crisp, and thin skin meat is thick, can Food rate is up to 80% or more, and for juice mostly without seed, sugariness is moderate, and the faint scent of food is full of mouth.2-3 can be stored at normal temperature after green shaddock fruit harvesting A month, non-discolouring, not spoiled, without putrefaction is still able to maintain its excellent quality and flavor, and the fruit after maturation hangs on the tree the several months not Pluck, will not shedding, quality more preferably, therefore has the laudatory title of " natural can ".For single fruit weight generally at 2.5 jin, a traditional unit of weight or so, big is reachable Every plant of energy 30-50 fruit of result of 5-6 jin, a traditional unit of weight of field planting 2 years raw trees, per mu yield is up to 3000-4000 jin, a traditional unit of weight;It is colonized every plant of triennial tree 50-80 fruit can be tied, per mu yield is up to 7000-9000 jin, a traditional unit of weight;100-200 fruit can be tied by being colonized 5 years raw every plant of trees, and per mu yield is reachable Ten thousand jin;Every plant of energy result 300 or more after into high term, per mu yield is high relative to other variety yields up to 20,000 jin.
Green shaddock is full of nutrition.Fruit juice soluble solid 12-25%.Containing 7-15 grams of sugar, sour 0.3- in every 100 milliliters of fruit juice 1.5 grams, 40-250 milligrams of vitamin C;Additionally vitamin B1 rich in, vitamin B2, citrin, carrotene, Calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, zinc, potassium, sodium etc..Contain higher alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, volatilization in the juice born of the same parents of the oil vacuole nacucum of ripening fruits pericarp Property organic acid and alkene etc., issue tempting fragrance, until delicate fragrance expires room, the faint scent of food is full of mouth.Leaf, flower, fruit, the Pi Douke of green shaddock To extract essential oil, pulp (juice born of the same parents) can be made into the natural drinks such as shaddock juice, shaddock beer, and shaddock ped can be used as processing preserved fruit fruit jelly and production The ingredient and raw material of can, therefore application value is high.
At present blueness shaddock breeding predominantly can be divided into grow directly from seeds, two kinds of propagation by grafiting.Seedling propagation takes big and aging fruit Seed using drilling or broadcasts sowing, and broadcasts rear abundant water drenching, keeps ground moistening, long to 10cm to seedling
Point bed is carried out when high or moves into nutrient bag plantation, can be colonized after cultivating 1 year, and not only reproduction speed is not slowly and for this kind of method Easily keep merit.Propagation by grafiting can ensure that offspring keeps the merit of elite stand, at present the main reality obtained using sowing Raw seedling is as stock, and again with scion grafting after seedling growth to certain altitude, such method reproduction speed is slower, cost compared with It is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, provides a kind of method for quickly grafting green shaddock.This method is with green shaddock tissue-cultured seedling As stock, the branch acquired on green shaddock maternal plant grafts stock and scion as scion, then carries out conventional grafting pipe Reason, can obtain green shaddock fruit seedling.This method has easy to operate, low in cost, high survival rate, the advantages that reproduction speed is fast, for blueness Shaddock large-scale promotion is laid a good foundation.
In order to achieve the goal above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock, including the culture of tissue-cultured seedling stock, scion acquisition, seedling grafting, managing after grafting, tool Body process is as follows:
(1) it stock culture: selects the tender stem-segment with node of the green shaddock for growing fine disease-free children as explant, is inoculated with after disinfection Culture obtains callus on to inducing clumping bud culture medium, then callus is transferred to cultivate in subculture medium culture and is obtained Subculture adventitious bud is finally transferred on root media again and cultivates by subculture adventitious bud, obtains stock tissue culture after raw 3-5 item root Seedling, then tissue-cultured seedling is colonized to the seedling-raising cup culture to 10-15cm equipped with seedling medium, obtain stock;
(2) scion acquires: selecting the green shaddock branch for the disease-free semi-lignified that grows fine, selects diameter for 0.5- on top The branch of 0.8cm clips the apical dominance of scion branch as scion, and the budling of sprouting after truncation grows into 8-12cm When, it is spare to can be used as scion;
(3) seedling grafting: disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using conventional using cut-grafting method It is packed tightly to stock, then with plastic film;
(4) managing after grafting: taking arched shed and cover overlay moisturizing after grafting, and cover sunshade net and give nursery stock shading, keeps Humidity 75-85% in canopy open plastic film after young sprout is extracted in scion out, remove the rudiment grown on stock in time;To young sprout Sunshade net is gradually opened after aging, cultivates grafting under full light.
Preferably, disinfection described in step (1), which is placed in the thimerosal containing alcohol and chitosan oligosaccharide, impregnates 10-20min.
Preferably, the concentration of alcohol is 5-10% in the thimerosal, and the usage amount of chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-10g/L.
Preferably, the formula of the inducing clumping bud culture medium are as follows: 0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L+ of MS+6-BA is anti-bad Hematic acid 0.5mg/L+ seawood meal 2g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+ valine 0.5mg/L+ folic acid 0.2mg/L.
Preferably, the formula of the subculture medium are as follows: 0 .5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose of the MS+ basic element of cell division 15g/L+ peptone 10mg/L+ chitosan oligosaccharide 0.5mg/L+ humic acid 0.5g/L.
Preferably, the root media is 0 .8mg/L+IAA1 .5mg/L+ honey 10mg/L+ of 1/4MS+IBA dimension life Plain B12 0 .5mg/L+ humic acid 5mg/L+ amino acid 5mg/L.
Preferably, the seedling medium is made of pond sludge, brewex's grains, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder.
Preferably, each group distribution ratio=100:10-20:30-50:0.5-1 in the seedling medium.
Preferably, the root-inducing powder is made of indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and humic acid.
Preferably, in the root-inducing powder indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and humic acid weight ratio=2-3:1-2:3-5.
Compared with existing, advantages of the present invention and have the beneficial effect that
1, the present invention using green shaddock tissue-cultured seedling as graft stock, due to tissue-cultured seedling well developed root system, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, stem is sturdy, Nutrient growth is vigorous, height needed for stock and rugosity requirement when can reach grafting in shorter seedling raise period, and lignifying Degree is moderate, it is active it is strong, metabolism is vigorous, be conducive to grafting wound healing, greatly improve graft survival rate, and after grafting survival, Since stock root system is high-quality, grafting restores fast, and growth rapidly, effectively shortens the seedling time, reduces input cost, passes through Ji remarkable benefit.
2, it can be obtained within the method for the present invention 2 months or so after tissue culture stock seedling, however conventional method is using kind The stock that son breeding obtains at least takes 6 months or more, and the time is obviously shortened, and has laid good base for green shaddock large-scale breeding Plinth.
3, the present invention combines the growth characteristics of green shaddock, and the tissue culture stage culture medium of configuration can promote the fast fast-growing of seedling Long, nursery stage is obviously shortened, and root system is more flourishing, and the seedling of culture is more healthy and strong, and survival rate is higher after transplanting, and growth is faster.
4, this method by seedling replanting to being equipped in the seedling medium of pond sludge, brewex's grains, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder, it is used Seedling culture matrix nutrition is abundant, good water permeability, provides sufficient nutrition for seedling and promotes tissue-cultured seedling fast-growth.
5, the green shaddock fruit seedling that this method is grafted can not only guarantee that excellent variety characteristic, the survival rate of grafting fruit seedling reach To 98% or more, and it is easy to operate, low in cost, grafting time is obviously shortened, and is had a extensive future, to accelerate green shaddock industry fast Speed development provides strong technical support.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment.It is emphasized that following the description is only It is merely exemplary, the range and its application being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The grafting time selection of the present embodiment blueness shaddock grafts place selection on Guangxi Mr. Lin farm, specific process is such as in March Under:
Stock culture:
Select the tender stem-segment with node of the green shaddock for growing fine disease-free children as explant, the concentration for being put into alcohol is 5-10%, and shell is few After the usage amount of sugar is the disinfection liquid disinfectant 20min of 5-10g/L, it is seeded to culture on inducing clumping bud culture medium and obtains callus group It knits, then callus is transferred to culture in subculture medium culture and obtains subculture adventitious bud, finally again shift subculture adventitious bud It is cultivated on to root media, stock tissue-cultured seedling is obtained after raw 3-5 item root, then tissue-cultured seedling is colonized to educating equipped with seedling medium Seedling cup is cultivated to 10-15cm, and stock is obtained.The formula of the inducing clumping bud culture medium are as follows: 0.5 mg/L+ of MS+6-BA NAA 1.0mg/L+ ascorbic acid 0.5mg/L+ seawood meal 2g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+ valine 0.5mg/L+ folic acid 0.2mg/L.Institute State the formula of subculture medium are as follows: 0 .5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose 15g/L+ peptone 10mg/L+ of the MS+ basic element of cell division Chitosan oligosaccharide 0.5mg/L+ humic acid 0.5g/L.The root media is 0 .8mg/L+IAA1 .5mg/L+ honey of 1/4MS+IBA Sugared 10mg/L+ vitamin B12 0 .5mg/L+ humic acid 5mg/L+ amino acid 5mg/L.Preferably, the seedling medium is by weight Measure ratio are as follows: 100:15:40:0.8 pond sludge, brewex's grains, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder composition.Indolebutyric acid, naphthalene second in the root-inducing powder Weight ratio=2:1:4 of acid and humic acid.
Scion acquisition:
The green shaddock branch for selecting the disease-free semi-lignified that grows fine selects diameter to make for the branch of 0.5-0.8cm on top For scion, the apical dominance of scion branch is clipped, when the budling of the sprouting after truncation grows into 8-12cm, can be used as scion It is spare;
Seedling grafting:
Disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using cut-grafting method to stock using conventional, then It is packed tightly with plastic film;
Managing after grafting:
Arched shed is taken after grafting and covers overlay moisturizing, and covers sunshade net and gives nursery stock shading, keeps humidity 75-in canopy 85%, plastic film is opened after young sprout is extracted in scion out, removes the rudiment grown on stock in time;It is gradually taken off after young sprout is aging Sunshade net is opened, cultivates grafting under full light.
This method can be obtained stock by culture in 78 days, conventional engrafting method using seed sowing obtain stock when Between need half a year or more, the incubation time of stock is obviously shortened.Using this method to 1000 plants of fruit seedlings, survived by statistics 989 plants, survival rate reaches 98.9%.It is learnt from test result, the green shaddock fruit seedling that this method is grafted can not only guarantee excellent Breediness, and it is easy to operate, low in cost, grafting time is obviously shortened, and is had a extensive future, to accelerate green shaddock industry quick Development provides strong technical support.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot Assert that specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.General technical staff of the technical field of the invention is come It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described, And these substitutions or variant are regarded as belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for quickly grafting green shaddock, it is characterised in that: including the culture of tissue-cultured seedling stock, scion acquisition, seedling grafting, Managing after grafting, specific process are as follows:
(1) it stock culture: selects the tender stem-segment with node of the green shaddock for growing fine disease-free children as explant, is inoculated with after disinfection Culture obtains callus on to inducing clumping bud culture medium, then callus is transferred to cultivate in subculture medium culture and is obtained Subculture adventitious bud is finally transferred on root media again and cultivates by subculture adventitious bud, obtains stock tissue culture after raw 3-5 item root Seedling, then tissue-cultured seedling is colonized to the seedling-raising cup culture to 10-15cm equipped with seedling medium, obtain stock;
(2) scion acquires: selecting the green shaddock branch for the disease-free semi-lignified that grows fine, selects diameter for 0.5- on top The branch of 0.8cm clips the apical dominance of scion branch as scion, and the budling of sprouting after truncation grows into 8-12cm When, it is spare to can be used as scion;
(3) seedling grafting: disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using conventional using cut-grafting method It is packed tightly to stock, then with plastic film;
(4) managing after grafting: taking arched shed and cover overlay moisturizing after grafting, and cover sunshade net and give nursery stock shading, keeps Humidity 75-85% in canopy open plastic film after young sprout is extracted in scion out, remove the rudiment grown on stock in time;To young sprout Sunshade net is gradually opened after aging, cultivates grafting under full light.
2. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: disinfection described in step (1) is placed on 10-20min is impregnated in thimerosal containing alcohol and chitosan oligosaccharide.
3. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the concentration of alcohol is in the thimerosal 5-10%, the usage amount of chitosan oligosaccharide are 5-10g/L.
4. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inducing clumping bud culture medium is matched Side are as follows: 0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L+ ascorbic acid 0.5mg/L+ seawood meal 2g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+ valine of MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+ folic acid 0.2mg/L.
5. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the formula of the subculture medium are as follows: 0 .5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose 15g/L+ peptone 10mg/L+ chitosan oligosaccharide 0.5mg/L+ humic acid of the MS+ basic element of cell division 0.5g/L。
6. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the root media is 1/4MS+ 0 .8mg/L+IAA1 .5mg/L+ honey 10mg/L+ vitamin B of IBA12 0 .5mg/L+ humic acid 5mg/L+ amino acid 5mg/ L。
7. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedling medium is by pond sludge, beer Vinasse, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder composition.
8. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: each group distribution ratio in the seedling medium =100:10-20:30-50:0.5-1。
9. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the root-inducing powder is by indolebutyric acid, naphthalene Acetic acid and humic acid composition.
10. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: indolebutyric acid, naphthalene in the root-inducing powder Weight ratio=2-3:1-2:3-5 of acetic acid and humic acid.
CN201910235458.8A 2019-03-27 2019-03-27 A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock Pending CN109952873A (en)

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