CN109952873A - A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock - Google Patents
A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock Download PDFInfo
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- CN109952873A CN109952873A CN201910235458.8A CN201910235458A CN109952873A CN 109952873 A CN109952873 A CN 109952873A CN 201910235458 A CN201910235458 A CN 201910235458A CN 109952873 A CN109952873 A CN 109952873A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for quickly grafting green shaddock, select the tender stem-segment with node of children as explant, it is seeded on inducing clumping bud culture medium and cultivates after disinfection, callus is transferred to squamous subculture again and obtains subculture adventitious bud, it finally goes on root media and cultivates again, stock tissue-cultured seedling is obtained after taking root, then by tissue-cultured seedling field planting to seedling medium culture, obtains stock;It selects the green shaddock branch for the semi-lignified that grows fine as scion, disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using cut-grafting method to stock using conventional, then is packed tightly with plastic film;Seedling management is carried out after grafting again.The green shaddock fruit seedling that this method is grafted can not only guarantee that excellent variety characteristic, the survival rate of grafting fruit seedling reach 98% or more, and easy to operate, it is low in cost, grafting time is obviously shortened, and is had a extensive future, to accelerate green shaddock industry fast development to provide strong technical support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling propagation technical field, the method for specifically a kind of quick grafting blueness shaddock.
Background technique
Green shaddock also known as emerald shaddock originate in Bangkok, THA one band of low land nearby, and external form is in short ball shape, and pulp is pink, and core is small,
The whiter shaddock soft and succulency of meat, pol is high, tart flavour is low, therefore also known as its ' sweet shaddock '.Green shaddock pulp is sparkling and crystal-clear tender and crisp, and thin skin meat is thick, can
Food rate is up to 80% or more, and for juice mostly without seed, sugariness is moderate, and the faint scent of food is full of mouth.2-3 can be stored at normal temperature after green shaddock fruit harvesting
A month, non-discolouring, not spoiled, without putrefaction is still able to maintain its excellent quality and flavor, and the fruit after maturation hangs on the tree the several months not
Pluck, will not shedding, quality more preferably, therefore has the laudatory title of " natural can ".For single fruit weight generally at 2.5 jin, a traditional unit of weight or so, big is reachable
Every plant of energy 30-50 fruit of result of 5-6 jin, a traditional unit of weight of field planting 2 years raw trees, per mu yield is up to 3000-4000 jin, a traditional unit of weight;It is colonized every plant of triennial tree
50-80 fruit can be tied, per mu yield is up to 7000-9000 jin, a traditional unit of weight;100-200 fruit can be tied by being colonized 5 years raw every plant of trees, and per mu yield is reachable
Ten thousand jin;Every plant of energy result 300 or more after into high term, per mu yield is high relative to other variety yields up to 20,000 jin.
Green shaddock is full of nutrition.Fruit juice soluble solid 12-25%.Containing 7-15 grams of sugar, sour 0.3- in every 100 milliliters of fruit juice
1.5 grams, 40-250 milligrams of vitamin C;Additionally vitamin B1 rich in, vitamin B2, citrin, carrotene,
Calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, zinc, potassium, sodium etc..Contain higher alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, volatilization in the juice born of the same parents of the oil vacuole nacucum of ripening fruits pericarp
Property organic acid and alkene etc., issue tempting fragrance, until delicate fragrance expires room, the faint scent of food is full of mouth.Leaf, flower, fruit, the Pi Douke of green shaddock
To extract essential oil, pulp (juice born of the same parents) can be made into the natural drinks such as shaddock juice, shaddock beer, and shaddock ped can be used as processing preserved fruit fruit jelly and production
The ingredient and raw material of can, therefore application value is high.
At present blueness shaddock breeding predominantly can be divided into grow directly from seeds, two kinds of propagation by grafiting.Seedling propagation takes big and aging fruit
Seed using drilling or broadcasts sowing, and broadcasts rear abundant water drenching, keeps ground moistening, long to 10cm to seedling
Point bed is carried out when high or moves into nutrient bag plantation, can be colonized after cultivating 1 year, and not only reproduction speed is not slowly and for this kind of method
Easily keep merit.Propagation by grafiting can ensure that offspring keeps the merit of elite stand, at present the main reality obtained using sowing
Raw seedling is as stock, and again with scion grafting after seedling growth to certain altitude, such method reproduction speed is slower, cost compared with
It is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, provides a kind of method for quickly grafting green shaddock.This method is with green shaddock tissue-cultured seedling
As stock, the branch acquired on green shaddock maternal plant grafts stock and scion as scion, then carries out conventional grafting pipe
Reason, can obtain green shaddock fruit seedling.This method has easy to operate, low in cost, high survival rate, the advantages that reproduction speed is fast, for blueness
Shaddock large-scale promotion is laid a good foundation.
In order to achieve the goal above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock, including the culture of tissue-cultured seedling stock, scion acquisition, seedling grafting, managing after grafting, tool
Body process is as follows:
(1) it stock culture: selects the tender stem-segment with node of the green shaddock for growing fine disease-free children as explant, is inoculated with after disinfection
Culture obtains callus on to inducing clumping bud culture medium, then callus is transferred to cultivate in subculture medium culture and is obtained
Subculture adventitious bud is finally transferred on root media again and cultivates by subculture adventitious bud, obtains stock tissue culture after raw 3-5 item root
Seedling, then tissue-cultured seedling is colonized to the seedling-raising cup culture to 10-15cm equipped with seedling medium, obtain stock;
(2) scion acquires: selecting the green shaddock branch for the disease-free semi-lignified that grows fine, selects diameter for 0.5- on top
The branch of 0.8cm clips the apical dominance of scion branch as scion, and the budling of sprouting after truncation grows into 8-12cm
When, it is spare to can be used as scion;
(3) seedling grafting: disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using conventional using cut-grafting method
It is packed tightly to stock, then with plastic film;
(4) managing after grafting: taking arched shed and cover overlay moisturizing after grafting, and cover sunshade net and give nursery stock shading, keeps
Humidity 75-85% in canopy open plastic film after young sprout is extracted in scion out, remove the rudiment grown on stock in time;To young sprout
Sunshade net is gradually opened after aging, cultivates grafting under full light.
Preferably, disinfection described in step (1), which is placed in the thimerosal containing alcohol and chitosan oligosaccharide, impregnates 10-20min.
Preferably, the concentration of alcohol is 5-10% in the thimerosal, and the usage amount of chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-10g/L.
Preferably, the formula of the inducing clumping bud culture medium are as follows: 0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L+ of MS+6-BA is anti-bad
Hematic acid 0.5mg/L+ seawood meal 2g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+ valine 0.5mg/L+ folic acid 0.2mg/L.
Preferably, the formula of the subculture medium are as follows: 0 .5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose of the MS+ basic element of cell division
15g/L+ peptone 10mg/L+ chitosan oligosaccharide 0.5mg/L+ humic acid 0.5g/L.
Preferably, the root media is 0 .8mg/L+IAA1 .5mg/L+ honey 10mg/L+ of 1/4MS+IBA dimension life
Plain B12 0 .5mg/L+ humic acid 5mg/L+ amino acid 5mg/L.
Preferably, the seedling medium is made of pond sludge, brewex's grains, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder.
Preferably, each group distribution ratio=100:10-20:30-50:0.5-1 in the seedling medium.
Preferably, the root-inducing powder is made of indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and humic acid.
Preferably, in the root-inducing powder indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and humic acid weight ratio=2-3:1-2:3-5.
Compared with existing, advantages of the present invention and have the beneficial effect that
1, the present invention using green shaddock tissue-cultured seedling as graft stock, due to tissue-cultured seedling well developed root system, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, stem is sturdy,
Nutrient growth is vigorous, height needed for stock and rugosity requirement when can reach grafting in shorter seedling raise period, and lignifying
Degree is moderate, it is active it is strong, metabolism is vigorous, be conducive to grafting wound healing, greatly improve graft survival rate, and after grafting survival,
Since stock root system is high-quality, grafting restores fast, and growth rapidly, effectively shortens the seedling time, reduces input cost, passes through
Ji remarkable benefit.
2, it can be obtained within the method for the present invention 2 months or so after tissue culture stock seedling, however conventional method is using kind
The stock that son breeding obtains at least takes 6 months or more, and the time is obviously shortened, and has laid good base for green shaddock large-scale breeding
Plinth.
3, the present invention combines the growth characteristics of green shaddock, and the tissue culture stage culture medium of configuration can promote the fast fast-growing of seedling
Long, nursery stage is obviously shortened, and root system is more flourishing, and the seedling of culture is more healthy and strong, and survival rate is higher after transplanting, and growth is faster.
4, this method by seedling replanting to being equipped in the seedling medium of pond sludge, brewex's grains, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder, it is used
Seedling culture matrix nutrition is abundant, good water permeability, provides sufficient nutrition for seedling and promotes tissue-cultured seedling fast-growth.
5, the green shaddock fruit seedling that this method is grafted can not only guarantee that excellent variety characteristic, the survival rate of grafting fruit seedling reach
To 98% or more, and it is easy to operate, low in cost, grafting time is obviously shortened, and is had a extensive future, to accelerate green shaddock industry fast
Speed development provides strong technical support.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment.It is emphasized that following the description is only
It is merely exemplary, the range and its application being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The grafting time selection of the present embodiment blueness shaddock grafts place selection on Guangxi Mr. Lin farm, specific process is such as in March
Under:
Stock culture:
Select the tender stem-segment with node of the green shaddock for growing fine disease-free children as explant, the concentration for being put into alcohol is 5-10%, and shell is few
After the usage amount of sugar is the disinfection liquid disinfectant 20min of 5-10g/L, it is seeded to culture on inducing clumping bud culture medium and obtains callus group
It knits, then callus is transferred to culture in subculture medium culture and obtains subculture adventitious bud, finally again shift subculture adventitious bud
It is cultivated on to root media, stock tissue-cultured seedling is obtained after raw 3-5 item root, then tissue-cultured seedling is colonized to educating equipped with seedling medium
Seedling cup is cultivated to 10-15cm, and stock is obtained.The formula of the inducing clumping bud culture medium are as follows: 0.5 mg/L+ of MS+6-BA
NAA 1.0mg/L+ ascorbic acid 0.5mg/L+ seawood meal 2g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+ valine 0.5mg/L+ folic acid 0.2mg/L.Institute
State the formula of subculture medium are as follows: 0 .5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose 15g/L+ peptone 10mg/L+ of the MS+ basic element of cell division
Chitosan oligosaccharide 0.5mg/L+ humic acid 0.5g/L.The root media is 0 .8mg/L+IAA1 .5mg/L+ honey of 1/4MS+IBA
Sugared 10mg/L+ vitamin B12 0 .5mg/L+ humic acid 5mg/L+ amino acid 5mg/L.Preferably, the seedling medium is by weight
Measure ratio are as follows: 100:15:40:0.8 pond sludge, brewex's grains, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder composition.Indolebutyric acid, naphthalene second in the root-inducing powder
Weight ratio=2:1:4 of acid and humic acid.
Scion acquisition:
The green shaddock branch for selecting the disease-free semi-lignified that grows fine selects diameter to make for the branch of 0.5-0.8cm on top
For scion, the apical dominance of scion branch is clipped, when the budling of the sprouting after truncation grows into 8-12cm, can be used as scion
It is spare;
Seedling grafting:
Disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using cut-grafting method to stock using conventional, then
It is packed tightly with plastic film;
Managing after grafting:
Arched shed is taken after grafting and covers overlay moisturizing, and covers sunshade net and gives nursery stock shading, keeps humidity 75-in canopy
85%, plastic film is opened after young sprout is extracted in scion out, removes the rudiment grown on stock in time;It is gradually taken off after young sprout is aging
Sunshade net is opened, cultivates grafting under full light.
This method can be obtained stock by culture in 78 days, conventional engrafting method using seed sowing obtain stock when
Between need half a year or more, the incubation time of stock is obviously shortened.Using this method to 1000 plants of fruit seedlings, survived by statistics
989 plants, survival rate reaches 98.9%.It is learnt from test result, the green shaddock fruit seedling that this method is grafted can not only guarantee excellent
Breediness, and it is easy to operate, low in cost, grafting time is obviously shortened, and is had a extensive future, to accelerate green shaddock industry quick
Development provides strong technical support.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot
Assert that specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.General technical staff of the technical field of the invention is come
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described,
And these substitutions or variant are regarded as belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for quickly grafting green shaddock, it is characterised in that: including the culture of tissue-cultured seedling stock, scion acquisition, seedling grafting,
Managing after grafting, specific process are as follows:
(1) it stock culture: selects the tender stem-segment with node of the green shaddock for growing fine disease-free children as explant, is inoculated with after disinfection
Culture obtains callus on to inducing clumping bud culture medium, then callus is transferred to cultivate in subculture medium culture and is obtained
Subculture adventitious bud is finally transferred on root media again and cultivates by subculture adventitious bud, obtains stock tissue culture after raw 3-5 item root
Seedling, then tissue-cultured seedling is colonized to the seedling-raising cup culture to 10-15cm equipped with seedling medium, obtain stock;
(2) scion acquires: selecting the green shaddock branch for the disease-free semi-lignified that grows fine, selects diameter for 0.5- on top
The branch of 0.8cm clips the apical dominance of scion branch as scion, and the budling of sprouting after truncation grows into 8-12cm
When, it is spare to can be used as scion;
(3) seedling grafting: disinfection liquid disinfectant is first put the scion in front of grafting, then scion is grafted using conventional using cut-grafting method
It is packed tightly to stock, then with plastic film;
(4) managing after grafting: taking arched shed and cover overlay moisturizing after grafting, and cover sunshade net and give nursery stock shading, keeps
Humidity 75-85% in canopy open plastic film after young sprout is extracted in scion out, remove the rudiment grown on stock in time;To young sprout
Sunshade net is gradually opened after aging, cultivates grafting under full light.
2. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: disinfection described in step (1) is placed on
10-20min is impregnated in thimerosal containing alcohol and chitosan oligosaccharide.
3. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the concentration of alcohol is in the thimerosal
5-10%, the usage amount of chitosan oligosaccharide are 5-10g/L.
4. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inducing clumping bud culture medium is matched
Side are as follows: 0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L+ ascorbic acid 0.5mg/L+ seawood meal 2g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+ valine of MS+6-BA
0.5mg/L+ folic acid 0.2mg/L.
5. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the formula of the subculture medium are as follows:
0 .5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose 15g/L+ peptone 10mg/L+ chitosan oligosaccharide 0.5mg/L+ humic acid of the MS+ basic element of cell division
0.5g/L。
6. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the root media is 1/4MS+
0 .8mg/L+IAA1 .5mg/L+ honey 10mg/L+ vitamin B of IBA12 0 .5mg/L+ humic acid 5mg/L+ amino acid 5mg/
L。
7. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedling medium is by pond sludge, beer
Vinasse, ramulus mori powder and root-inducing powder composition.
8. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: each group distribution ratio in the seedling medium
=100:10-20:30-50:0.5-1。
9. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the root-inducing powder is by indolebutyric acid, naphthalene
Acetic acid and humic acid composition.
10. quickly grafting the method for green shaddock according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: indolebutyric acid, naphthalene in the root-inducing powder
Weight ratio=2-3:1-2:3-5 of acetic acid and humic acid.
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Cited By (1)
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CN111386877A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Grafting method of Hongbaoshiqing pomelos |
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