CN105532272A - Grafting cultivation method of camellia chrysantha - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a grafting cultivation method of camellia chrysantha. The method includes the following steps that firstly, stock is selected, wherein a strong and disease-pest-damage-free Yunnan big-leaf tea tree with many second-level and third-level branches is selected as stock; secondly, grafting is performed, wherein grafting is commonly performed from November to February of the next year, a cleft grafting bagging technology is adopted, and half of a leaf is reversed for each scion; thirdly, a tree crown is shaped, wherein according to the overall effect of a tree body, camellia chrysantha is grafted in a body of the Yunnan big-leaf tea tree, water and nutrient substances are provided for survival and growth of the scions, and meanwhile building of field cultivation shed frame facilities is omitted; fourthly, cultivation and management are performed, wherein stock buds are removed regularly, fertilizer is released month by month, people should pay attention to aphid prevention, shade house branches need to be picked and subjected to topping regularly so that growth of tea tree buds and leaves can be promoted, and it is guaranteed that the percentage of shaded area is 70% or above; fifthly, harvesting is performed, stock buds and leaves are harvested, and tea leaves are made; fresh leaves and flowers of camellia chrysantha are harvested. The grafting cultivation method of camellia chrysantha is simple in production technology and easy to implement.

Description

The grafting cultivation method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, relate to the grafting cultivation method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima.

Background technology

Camellia nitidissima (C.nitidissimaChi), in Theaceae, Camellia, is not of the same race with tea, camellia.Be grown on height above sea level less than 700 meters, more common with the scope between height above sea level 200 ~ 500 meters.The nontoxic level of golden flower Camellia, containing 400 multiple nutrients materials, to have no side effect.Camellia nitidissima has significantly hypoglycemic and glucose in urine effect, effectively can improve diabetes " three is high " symptom.Product deep processing development has a high potential, and market value is high, and supply falls short of demand.Camellia nitidissima poor growth, mating system is based on sowing, asexual cuttage and grafting.General asexual cuttage, survival rate is about 37.6%; Employing camellia, oil tea seedling carry out graft survival rate about 60%.But there is following defect: the first, asexual cuttage, sapling grafting and nursery stock field production all need supporting nursery, shelter from heat or light facility, and cost is high; The second, Camellia nitidissima poor growth, production time is long.Object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of Camellia nitidissima grafting cultivation method, uses the method graft survival rate to reach 74.3%; Adopt stock branch bar as the ceiling that shelters from heat or light, reduce the facility that shelters from heat or light and drop into, reduce costs; Shorten bud-leaf and pluck the time limit and flowering time more than 1 year.The method overcome conventional method survival rate low, the problem that production cost is high, and method is simple to operation, reduces investment, improve the economic benefit of plantation Camellia nitidissima.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide the grafting cultivation method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima, solve the problem of Camellia nitidissima poor growth and the production time length existed in prior art.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, the grafting cultivation method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, stock is chosen: choose stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, and the many Yunnan large-leaf seed tea tree of limb two, three grades of branches is as stock;

Step 2, grafting: grafting time is generally selected in February November to next year, adopt cleft grafting bagging technique, half leaf is reserved in each scion; Every tree does not look tree management and branch situation grafting 40-100 sheet not etc.;

Step 3, tree crown moulding: the whole structure of tree body is, cloud giant tea tree body cella grafting Camellia nitidissima, reserved tea tree branch is growth as usual, play the effect that transpiration is drawn water and covered, surviving and growing moisture and nutriment are provided for scion, exempt the construction of field production pergola facility simultaneously;

Step 4, cultivation management: stock bud of regularly erasing, discharges fertilizer month by month, note the control of aphid, cool canopy branch needs regularly to carry out plucking the growth pinching to promote tea tree bud-leaf, ensures to shelter from heat or light rate more than 70%;

Step 5, gathers: stock bud-leaf of gathering, and makes tealeaves; To gather Camellia nitidissima young leaves and flower.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: its production technology of propagation by grafiting method of Camellia nitidissima 1, proposed by the invention is simple, easily implements.2, by implementing the present invention; by implementing the present invention, the branch of all size on Camellia nitidissima parent only need be taked arbitrarily as breeding cuttings, and do not need to excavate its maternal plant particularly Wild plant; wild Camellia nitidissima resource is made to be effectively protected and to develop, of far-reaching significance.3, by implementing the present invention, after grafting survival, Camellia nitidissima plant just forms the larger nursery stock of a strain specification, and Good Conduct.4, by implementing the present invention, being more conducive to the batch production of Camellia nitidissima nursery stock, scale, intensive breeding production.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is overall flow figure of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.

Step 1, stock is chosen: choose stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, and the many Yunnan large-leaf seed tea tree of limb two, three grades of branches is as stock.

Step 2, grafting: grafting time is generally selected in February November to next year.By stock tree management, one-level branch is chosen healthy and strong branch as grafting stake, 3-4 branch is reserved as rising and concealment branch in each grafting zonule, and the rate of sheltering from heat or light reaches more than 70%; Adopt cleft grafting bagging technique, half leaf is reserved in each scion; Choosing of grafting stake should at same plane, and between scion, mutual drop is no more than 20cm; Whole tree does not look tree management and branch situation grafting 40-100 sheet not etc.

Step 3, tree crown moulding: in grafting procedures, for making the concealment branch reserved effectively shut out the light, can be nearby principle by the removal apical dominance of branch, promote the growth of side shoot or draw branch to change original growth to move towards, to make up because grafting cuts the cavity that bar causes.Logical tree crown moulding, the whole structure of tree body is: reserved tea tree branch is growth as usual, plays the effect that transpiration is drawn water and covered, cella grafting Camellia nitidissima, what stock was scion survives and grow provides moisture and nutriment, exempts the construction of field production pergola facility.

Step 4, cultivation management: note the following aspects in cultivation: 1. in cultivation, after the Camellia nitidissima in grafting stake survives, should regularly carry out erasing to stock bud; 2. liquid manure uses, and after grafting, after the first round tip is aging, available organic fertilizer fermentation liquid carries out filling and drenches, and should discharge fertilizer month by month; 3. the control of aphid, after removing bagging, tender shoots easily attracts aphid damage, for guaranteeing scion normal growth, need prevent and treat.4. cool canopy branch needs regularly to carry out plucking the growth pinching to promote tea tree bud-leaf, ensures to shelter from heat or light rate more than 70%.

Step 5, gathers: adopt this tree management to produce Camellia nitidissima, the product of cultivation has: 1. the gathering of stock bud-leaf, and makes tealeaves; 2. Camellia nitidissima young leaves and colored gathering.

Claims (1)

1. a grafting cultivation method for Camellia nitidissima, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, stock is chosen: choose stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, and the many Yunnan large-leaf seed tea tree of limb two, three grades of branches is as stock;

Step 2, grafting: grafting time is generally selected in February November to next year, adopt cleft grafting bagging technique, half leaf is reserved in each scion; Every tree does not look tree management and branch situation grafting 40-100 sheet not etc.;

Step 3, tree crown moulding: the whole structure of tree body is, cloud giant tea tree body cella grafting Camellia nitidissima, reserved tea tree branch is growth as usual, play the effect that transpiration is drawn water and covered, surviving and growing moisture and nutriment are provided for scion, exempt the construction of field production pergola facility simultaneously;

Step 4, cultivation management: stock bud of regularly erasing, discharges fertilizer month by month, note the control of aphid, cool canopy branch needs regularly to carry out plucking the growth pinching to promote tea tree bud-leaf, ensures to shelter from heat or light rate more than 70%;

Step 5, gathers: stock bud-leaf of gathering, and makes tealeaves; To gather Camellia nitidissima young leaves and flower.