CN110583267A - Bread fruit bud grafting seedling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a bud grafting seedling method for bread fruits. The method comprises the following steps: preparing jackfruit seedling stocks and bread fruit scions; grafting the stock and the scion by a patch budding method; and culturing the grafted seedlings, and shearing the rootstock for 2 times after the scions grow new buds to obtain the grafted seedlings of the bread fruits. The method requires 12-15 months from stock cultivation to outplanting of the bread fruit seedlings, can improve the survival rate and the number of the seedlings in a short period, is suitable for large-scale seedling cultivation, and provides guarantee for the popularization of a large number of seedlings in the bread fruit industry.

Description

Bread fruit bud grafting seedling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a bud grafting seedling method for bread fruits.

Background

The Artocarpus altis (Parkinson) Fosberg, also known as bread tree, has the name of British brand Brandfruit, is a perennial tropical and rare fruit tree or woody food crop of Artocarpus in Moraceae, and has the name of a long-bread tree. The borrinia and the west indian archipelago native to the south pacific are major food crops in the locality. The bread fruit is rich in nutrition, is not only a main food crop in tropical regions, but also an important source of total sugar, reducing sugar, protein, ascorbic acid, dietary fiber and mineral substances, can be used as a food crop in south China, and can also be developed as a special tropical fruit. In addition, the ripe fruit has various purposes, can be boiled in soup, sliced and roasted or fried by fire, the pulp is soft, and the flavor is similar to bread; in the Xinglong area of the south China introduction, the annual average plant yield of the bread fruit plants in the full producing period can reach more than 100kg, the yield is considerable, the Xinglong local family is often cut into blocks and boiled with curry, the taste is excellent, and the bread fruit Artocarpus altiis required to be distinguished from the bread tree Artocarpus sincis, namely British name brand. The leaves of Artocarpus incisa of the bread tree are similar to Artocarpus inctilis of the bread fruit, and are usually green and ornamental in some places of Fujian, Hainan and Guangxi, the fruit has seeds and is not rich in starch, and the two are different, and the Artocarpus incisa is shown in figure 1 and figure 2. Along with the development of market economy, the demand of people on various high-quality and thin-characteristic coarse cereals is increased day by day, healthy and rich-nutrition natural bread is also a project which is most thought to be known and tasted, and therefore, the bread and fruit industry has good development potential and market prospect.

At present, the bread and fruits are only in a seed testing stage in a hot area of China, the seedless type of the bread and fruits screened in the Xinglong area of Hainan can normally bloom and bear fruits and is better suitable for local climatic conditions, regional seed testing research is carried out at present, a small number of plants bloom and bear fruits sporadically, but the popularization area of crops, the yield and the marketing quantity of fruits are still limited and are unknown to most people. The reason is that the lack of excellent seedlings is an important factor restricting the industrial development of the bread, and the known seedless type good seedling breeding of bread fruits depends on the natural propagation of root tillers or stabbing the root system of the ground surface to generate the propagation of the root tillers, so that the bread fruits grow slowly, have long period and small quantity and have uncertainty. Therefore, a set of suitable and feasible bread fruit seedling breeding technology is established, and the technical support is provided for further development and utilization.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a bud grafting and seedling raising method for bread fruits. The method has high efficiency and simple operation, and the obtained grafted seedling grows fast and can maintain the excellent characters of the stock plant.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a bud grafting seedling method for bread fruits, which comprises the following steps:

preparing jackfruit seedling stocks and bread fruit scions;

grafting the stock and the scion by a patch budding method;

and culturing the grafted seedlings, and shearing the rootstock for 2 times after the scions grow new buds to obtain the grafted seedlings of the bread fruits.

Aiming at the defects of the traditional breadfruit seedling breeding method, the invention grafts the breadfruit seedlings by a patch bud grafting mode, the obtained breadfruit seedlings have higher grafting survival rate and simple operation, the obtained grafted seedlings grow fast, the excellent characters of the stock plants can be maintained, and the fruiting plants can be obtained.

Preferably, the preparation method of the jackfruit seedling rootstock comprises the following steps: seeding jack fruit seeds into seedling bags filled with nutrient soil, wherein the specification of the seedling bags is 12cm multiplied by 30cm or more than 12cm multiplied by 30 cm; and (4) placing the seedling raising bag under a shade shed for culturing for 10-12 months, wherein the stem thickness reaches 1.5-2.5 cm, and obtaining the jackfruit stock.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the step of preparing the jackfruit seedling rootstock further comprises the step of fertilizing: fertilizing after the seedlings bud and leave, and fertilizing for 1 time every 15-20 days.

Preferably, the formula of the nutrient soil is as follows: 1-2 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 6-7 parts of surface soil and 1-2 parts of decomposed coconut coir.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the formula of the nutrient soil is as follows: 2 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 7 parts of surface soil and 1 part of decomposed coconut coir.

Preferably, the preparation method of the bread fruit scion comprises the following steps: selecting 1-2 years old lignified or semi-lignified branches with the branch diameter of 1.5-2.5 cm, yellow brown surface and full eyes on the mother tree of the bread fruit bearing more than 3 years.

Preferably, the suitable period of grafting is 3-6 months or 9-11 months, and the grafting temperature is 24-30 ℃.

Preferably, the grafting of the rootstock and the scion by the patch budding method comprises the following specific steps:

selecting a smooth part from a stem section of the stock which is 10-20 cm away from the ground as a budding position, transversely cutting a knife above the budding position to reach the xylem deeply, allowing milk to flow out, cutting two parallel cuts under a glue removing line to reach the xylem deeply, peeling the bark from the top to expose the budding port, wherein the two parallel cuts are 1.0-1.5 cm wide and 2.5-3 cm long;

respectively transversely cutting the upper and lower 1.2-1.4 cm of a bud eye of the scion once, then vertically cutting the left and right of the bud eye once again, wherein the depth of each bud reaches xylem to obtain bud slices, and the length and width of each bud slice are smaller than those of a bud interface;

and (3) placing bud sheets at the bud junctions, cutting off 2/3-3/4 of the stock sheets, clamping the bud sheets by the stock sheets, and binding.

Preferably, the length and width of the bud slices are respectively 0.1-0.2 cm smaller than that of the bud interface.

In the examples provided by the present invention, the bud pieces were each 0.1cm smaller than the length and width of the bud interface.

Preferably, the culture shading degree of the seedling after grafting is 40 to 60 percent.

Preferably, the culture shading degree of the seedling after grafting is 50%.

Preferably, the scissoring stock after the grafted spike grows a new bud point is specifically as follows:

and (3) after the bud grafting lasts for 25-30 days, unbinding the plant with green bud slices and good joint healing, cutting off the branches with the length of 20-30 cm at the top end of the stock, cutting off the first-level branches with vigorous growth at the position of 5-10 cm at the top end of the branches, and after 7-10 days, cutting off the stock again at the position of 10-15 cm above the bud grafting.

The invention provides a bud grafting seedling method for bread fruits, which comprises the following steps: preparing jackfruit seedling stocks and bread fruit scions; grafting the stock and the scion by a patch budding method; and culturing the grafted seedlings, and shearing the rootstock for 2 times after the scions grow new buds to obtain the grafted seedlings of the bread fruits. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention adopts the jackfruit as the stock, the scion is the bread fruit, and the healing ability is strong, the grafting survival rate is as high as 70%, and the hereditary character of the scion can be kept; compared with the traditional method for stabbing the root strips on the ground surface, the method for breeding the root tillers is improved by 40 percent.

(2) According to the method, the period from stock cultivation to breadfruit seedling outplanting needs 12-15 months, the conventional propagation method for stabbing ground surface roots and generating root tillers has uncertainty, the roots close to the ground surface are limited, continuous mass production cannot be realized, the number of propagated seedlings is limited, and the method is shown in figure 3. The root shoot seedlings are obtained by stabbing the root strips on the ground surface, and 12-15 months are needed for transplanting and outplanting. However, the jackfruit is adopted as the rootstock to breed the bread fruit seedlings, so that the survival rate can be improved, the number of seedlings can be increased in a short period, the method is suitable for large-scale seedling culture, and a guarantee is provided for the popularization of a large number of seedlings in the bread fruit industry.

(3) The length of the jack fruit leaves is 7-15 cm, the width of the jack fruit leaves is 3-7 cm, and the length of the petioles is 1-3 cm; the bread fruit has large leaves, thick leather, egg shape, normally pinnate splitting of mature leaves, the length of the mature leaves is 20-50 cm, and the length of leaf stalks is 8-12 cm; therefore, the bread fruit is large in leaves, thick in bud pieces and large in bud points compared with the jackfruit, and bud grafting is not easy to perform. In the prior art, a 12cm multiplied by 15cm seedling raising bag is generally used for grafting jack fruit, the jack fruit generally grows to 5-6 months old, the bag is worn by roots, the roots are easy to damage when the jack fruit is grafted, survived and lifted, and the survival rate is reduced. In the invention, after a plurality of tests, the rootstock is cultured by adopting the seedling-raising bag of 12cm multiplied by 30cm, so that stronger rootstock seedlings can be cultured, the rootstock (jackfruit) is matched with the bud slices (bread fruits), and the survival rate is improved.

(4) In the prior art, the grafting of the jackfruit is generally realized by one-time stock shearing. According to the invention, bread fruits are grafted on the jackfruit stocks, and scion bud point germination is enhanced by adopting a stock shearing technology for 2 times.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a scion, a bread fruit Artocarpus altiis, British name Breadfruit, used in the present invention; 1-1 is fruit, 1-2 is fruit longitudinal section;

FIG. 2 shows the bread tree Artocarpus incisa; the english name breaknut; 2-1 is fruit, 2-2 is fruit longitudinal section;

FIG. 3 shows a method of propagating a root shoot seedling of bread fruit;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a jackfruit rootstock and a bread fruit scion;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating grafting according to the present invention;

fig. 6 shows the budded tree result of the bread fruit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a bud grafting seedling raising method for bread fruits, which can be realized by appropriately improving process parameters by referring to the contents in the field. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

The invention provides a bread fruit bud grafting seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparing a jackfruit seedling stock and a scion of a bread fruit to be grafted, specifically shown in figure 4;

step 2, grafting the rootstock and the scion in a patch bud grafting manner;

and 3, managing grafted seedlings after grafting, and shearing stocks after the scions grow new buds to obtain the grafted seedlings of the bread fruits.

Aiming at the defects of the traditional breadfruit seedling breeding method, the invention grafts the breadfruit seedlings by a patch bud grafting mode, the obtained breadfruit seedlings have higher grafting survival rate and simple operation, the obtained grafted seedlings grow fast, the excellent characters of the stock plants can be maintained, and the fruiting plants can be obtained.

Preferably, the step 1 is as follows:

cleaning jackfruit seeds for cultivating rootstocks, directly sowing the jackfruit seeds into a seedling growing bag of 12cm multiplied by 30cm, and uniformly mixing 1-2 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 6-7 parts of surface soil and 1-2 parts of decomposed coconut coir with nutrient soil. Fertilizing after the seedlings bud and leave, and fertilizing for 1 time every 15-20 days. Applying fertilizer in a spraying manner according to the growth condition of seedlings, applying 0.5% compound fertilizer (15-15-15) aqueous solution and 300-500 times of decomposed human and animal excreta each time, and applying cake fertilizer or other organic fertilizers into water fertilizers for normal management. When the stock seedlings grow for 10-12 months, the stem thickness reaches 1.5-2.5 cm, and seedlings with upright trunks, normal leaves, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as the stocks; the scion is taken from a high-yield high-quality excellent bread fruit mother tree which has a fruit for more than 3 years, 1-2 years of lignified or semi-lignified branches are selected, and the scion of the bread fruit to be grafted is obtained by using the seeds with the branch thickness of 1.5-2.5 cm, the skin of yellow brown and full bud eyes.

Preferably, step 2 is:

the average daily temperature during grafting is between 24 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the grafting is carried out at 7:00-9:00 in the morning or 16:00-17:30 in the afternoon. Selecting a smooth part from a stem section of the stock which is 10-20 cm away from the ground to form a budding position, transversely cutting a knife above the budding position to reach the xylem deeply, allowing milk on the tree to flow out, wiping the discharged milk with a wet cloth, opening a rectangle with the width of 1.0-1.5 cm and the length of 2.5-3 cm in a glue removing line to reach the xylem deeply, picking the bark with a knife tip from the top, and pulling 1/3 down; and selecting full axillary buds as scions, transversely cutting the upper and lower parts of the bud eyes by a knife at a distance of 1.2-1.4 cm, vertically cutting the left and right parts of the bud eyes by a knife to reach xylem, and carefully taking out bud pieces which are intact and slightly smaller than bud interfaces. Barks at the interface are stripped, bud pieces (the bud pieces are 0.1cm smaller than the interface) are put in, about 3/4 of stock pieces are cut off, a few stock pieces are left to clamp the bud pieces, a transparent film belt with good toughness is used for winding the bud pieces tightly from bottom to top in a circle, 1/3 parts are overlapped between the circles, and finally the bud pieces are tightly bound.

The management of the grafted seedlings can be carried out according to a conventional method, and the invention provides a better mode in the step 3: after grafting, keeping 50% of the seedlings shaded, after bud grafting for 25-30 d, cutting off a plastic film near axillary buds of the scion, cutting off branches with the length of 20-30 cm at the top end of the stock, cutting off first-level branches with vigorous growth at the position of 5-10 cm at the top end of the branches, removing the top end advantages to promote scion bud point germination, after 7-10 d, seeing that the scion bud point of a survival plant sprouts and grows, at the moment, cutting off the stock again at the position of 10-15 cm above the interface, and erasing the self germination of the stock at any time to obtain the grafted seedlings of bread fruits.

According to the method, the bread fruits are grafted in a patch bud grafting manner, and the result shows that the average survival rate of grafting reaches 70%, and the highest survival rate is 80%.

According to the technical scheme, in the grafting process of the bread fruits, the jackfruit is used as the stock, the patch bud grafting mode is adopted, the grafting survival rate is high, the operation is simple, the obtained grafted seedlings grow fast, and the excellent properties of the stock plants can be maintained. The defects that the existing propagation method for stabbing the root strips on the ground surface and generating the root tillers is uncertain and small in quantity are overcome, and a new technical support is provided for breadfruit seedling propagation.

The materials, tools and fertilizers used in the bread fruit bud grafting seedling method provided by the invention can be purchased from the market.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:

example 1: the breeding method of the invention

1. Stock cultivation

Selecting a mother tree which is strong in growth vigor, has fruiting period of more than 3 years, has high and stable yield and strong stress resistance, and harvesting fruits which are upright in fruit type, full in development and fully mature on a trunk in 6-9 months. And (3) splitting fruits, taking out and cleaning seeds, directly sowing the seeds into a seedling growing bag with the thickness of 12cm multiplied by 30cm, and uniformly mixing 2 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 7 parts of surface soil and 1 part of decomposed coconut coir with nutrient soil. Fertilizing after the seedlings bud and leave, and fertilizing for 1 time every 15-20 days. Applying fertilizer in a spraying manner according to the growth condition of seedlings, applying 0.5% compound fertilizer (15-15-15) aqueous solution and 300-500 times of decomposed human and animal excreta each time, and applying cake fertilizer or other organic fertilizers into water fertilizers for normal management. And when the stock seedlings grow for 10-12 months and the stem thickness reaches 1.5-2.5 cm, selecting the seedlings with upright trunks, normal leaves, vigorous growth and no plant diseases and insect pests as the stocks.

2. Scion collection

And (3) shearing 1-2 years of lignified or semi-lignified branches on the high-yield high-quality excellent bread fruit mother trees with fruit bearing for more than 3 years in 3-6 months, preferably cutting off overlarge leaves to serve as scions, wherein the thickness of the branches is 1.0-1.5 cm, the surfaces of the branches are yellow brown, and the eyes of the branches are full. The scions are wrapped by clean wet towels and then transported to the stock cultivation position, and the scions are picked and used at any time and are not suitable for being stored overnight.

3. Milk drainage

A smooth part of a stem section of the stock, which is 10-20 cm away from the ground, is selected to form a budding position, and a knife is transversely cut above the budding position to reach the xylem deeply so as to allow milk on the tree to flow out.

4. Bud-opening grafting site

And wiping the discharged milk with wet cloth, opening a rectangle with the width of 1.0-1.5 cm and the length of 2.5-3 cm in the glue discharging line to reach the xylem, and opening the bark with a knife tip from the top to pull 1/3.

5. Bud slice

And selecting full axillary buds, transversely cutting a part 1.2-1.4 cm above and below a bud eye once, vertically cutting the bud eye once again from left to right, wherein the bud piece reaches the xylem deeply, and carefully taking out the bud piece which is intact and slightly smaller than a bud interface.

6. Joining

The bark of the interface is stripped, bud slices (the bud slices are 0.1cm smaller than the interface) are placed, about 3/4 parts of the stock slices are cut off, and a few stock slices are left to clamp the bud slices.

7. Binding up

The flexible transparent film band is wound tightly from bottom to top in a circle, the circles are overlapped 1/3, and finally, the joint is knotted.

8. Unbinding and shearing anvil

After 25-30 days of bud grafting, cutting off a plastic film near axillary buds of the scion, cutting off branches with the length of 20-30 cm at the top end of the stock, cutting off first-level branches with vigorous growth at the position of 5-10 cm at the top end of the branches, removing the top end advantages to promote the germination of scion bud points, and after 7-10 days, seeing the germination and growth of the scion bud points of the survival plant, cutting off the stock again at the position of 10-15 cm above the interface, erasing the self germination of the stock at any time, and enabling the scion buds to grow healthily.

9. Post-grafting management

After grafting, keeping 50% shading culture of seedlings, irrigating water at proper time according to the dry and wet conditions of soil, and keeping the soil wet; fertilizing after 2-3 leaves grow on the scion bud, and fertilizing for 1 time every 10-15 days. According to the growth vigor of the seedlings, 0.5 percent of compound fertilizer (15:15:15) water solution is applied in a spraying way every time. Opening a shading net 10-15 days before outplanting, and growing seedlings under full light to gradually reduce watering amount.

The average survival rate of the grafting is 70% and the highest survival rate is 80%.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating grafting according to the present invention.

In 6 months in 2019, the pineapple honey is used as a rootstock, and the grafted seedlings of the bread fruits bloom and bear fruits for the first time, which is shown in figure 6.

Test example: example 1 comparison of survival rates with root shoot propagation method

In 2015, 3-6 months, the method is compared with a root tillering breeding method. The survival rates of different breeding methods are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 influence of different breeding methods on the survival rate of the seedlings of bread fruits

Different breeding methods have different influences on survival rate. As can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate of the breeding by the method of the invention can reach 70%, which is significantly higher than that of the traditional root tiller breeding method.

Comparative example 1

Except that the specifications of the seedling bags of the stock seedlings are different, the other steps of the grafting method of the comparative example are the same as those of the example 1.

Stock cultivation

Selecting a mother tree which is strong in growth vigor, has fruiting period of more than 3 years, has high and stable yield and strong stress resistance, and harvesting fruits which are upright in fruit type, full in development and fully mature on a trunk in 6-9 months. And (3) splitting fruits, taking out and cleaning seeds, directly sowing the seeds into a seedling growing bag of 12cm multiplied by 18cm, and uniformly mixing 2 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 7 parts of surface soil and 1 part of decomposed coconut coir in nutrient soil. Fertilizing after the seedlings bud and leave, and fertilizing for 1 time every 15-20 days. Applying fertilizer in a spraying manner according to the growth condition of seedlings, applying 0.5% compound fertilizer (15-15-15) aqueous solution and 300-500 times of decomposed human and animal excreta each time, and applying cake fertilizer or other organic fertilizers into water fertilizers for normal management. And when the stem thickness of the stock seedling reaches 1.5-2.5 cm, selecting a seedling with upright trunk, normal leaves, vigorous vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests as the stock.

After grafting of the stock seedlings, the stock seedlings in seedling transplanting seriously wear roots, and the scions which are extracted after seedling transplanting appear withered in a certain proportion, so that the survival rate is reduced.

The average survival rate of grafting of the comparative example is 43.3%.

Comparative example 2

The grafting method of this comparative example was the same as example 1 except that the number of times of stock pruning was varied.

Unbinding and cutting the anvil: and after 25-30 days of bud grafting, cutting off a plastic film near the axillary buds of the scion for plants with greenish green buds and good healing of the interface, cutting off the stock at a position 10-15 cm above the interface, and erasing the buds of the stock at any time to ensure that the scion buds grow healthily.

The average survival rate of grafting of the comparative example is 50%.

TABLE 2 influence of different treatments on the survival rate of the seedlings of bread fruits

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The bread fruit bud grafting and seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

preparing jackfruit seedling stocks and bread fruit scions;

grafting the stock and the scion by a patch budding method;

and culturing the grafted seedlings, and shearing the stocks after the scions grow new buds for 2 times to obtain the grafted seedlings of the bread fruits.

2. The method for bud grafting and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the jackfruit seedling rootstock comprises the following steps: seeding jack fruit seeds into seedling bags filled with nutrient soil, wherein the specification of the seedling bags is 12cm multiplied by 30cm or more than 12cm multiplied by 30 cm; and (4) placing the seedling raising bag under a shade shed for culturing for 10-12 months, wherein the stem thickness reaches 1.5-2.5 cm, and obtaining the jackfruit stock.

3. The bread fruit bud grafting seedling raising method according to claim 2, characterized in that the formula of the nutrient soil is as follows: 1-2 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 6-7 parts of surface soil and 1-2 parts of decomposed coconut coir.

4. The method for bud grafting and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the scion of bread fruits comprises the following steps: selecting 1-2 years old lignified or semi-lignified branches with the branch diameter of 1.5-2.5 cm, yellow brown surface and full eyes on the mother tree of the bread fruit bearing more than 3 years.

5. The method for budding and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 1, wherein the suitable period for grafting is 3-6 months or 9-11 months, and the grafting temperature is 24-30 ℃.

6. The method for bud grafting and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of grafting the rootstock and the scion by using the patch bud grafting method are as follows:

selecting a smooth part from a stem section of the stock which is 10-20 cm away from the ground as a budding position, transversely cutting a knife above the budding position to reach the xylem deeply, allowing milk to flow out, cutting two parallel cuts under a glue removing line to reach the xylem deeply, peeling the bark from the top to expose the budding port, wherein the two parallel cuts are 1.0-1.5 cm wide and 2.5-3 cm long;

respectively transversely cutting the upper and lower 1.2-1.4 cm of a bud eye of the scion once, then vertically cutting the left and right of the bud eye once again, wherein the depth of each bud reaches xylem to obtain bud slices, and the length and width of each bud slice are smaller than those of a bud interface;

and (3) placing bud sheets at the bud junctions, cutting off 2/3-3/4 of the stock sheets, clamping the bud sheets by the stock sheets, and binding.

7. The method for bud grafting and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 6, wherein the length and width of the bud pieces are respectively 0.1-0.2 cm smaller than that of the bud interfaces.

8. The method for bud grafting and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 1, wherein the culture shading degree of the grafted seedlings is 40-60%.

9. The method for bud grafting and seedling raising of bread fruit according to claim 8, wherein the culture shading degree of the seedling after grafting is 50%.

10. The method for budding and seedling raising of bread fruits according to claim 1, wherein the cutting of the stock after the new bud point is grown by the scion to be grafted is specifically as follows:

and (3) after the bud grafting lasts for 25-30 days, unbinding the plant with green bud slices and good joint healing, cutting off the branches with the length of 20-30 cm at the top end of the stock, cutting off the first-level branches with vigorous growth at the position of 5-10 cm at the top end of the branches, and after 7-10 days, cutting off the stock again at the position of 10-15 cm above the bud grafting.