CN106305256A

CN106305256A - High-yield cultivation technique for satsumas

Info

Publication number: CN106305256A
Application number: CN201510396423.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 申茂军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-07-08
Filing date: 2015-07-08
Publication date: 2017-01-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation technique for satsumas, belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting and particularly relates to a cultivation method of the satsumas. The invention provides the high-yield cultivation technique for the satsuma with the characteristics of high yield, high disease resistance and robust plants. The high-yield cultivation technique for the satsumas comprises the following steps: firstly, selection of a garden plot: a citrus garden plot needs to select a plot without obvious freezing injury; secondly, preparation of stocks and scions: wild nursery stocks are used and healthy plants are selected; thirdly, planting season: citruses are generally planted before spring shoots germinate during the period from the last ten-day of February to the middle ten days of March in spring. The citruses can be planted in the middle ten days of October to the middle ten days of November in autumn in an area without freezing injury in winter; fourthly, grafting can be performed after rootstock seedlings and branches are prepared; before grafting, the top ends of the stocks are sheared off; fifthly, soil management: soil is an unconsolidated layer on the land surface, consists of mineral substances, organic matters, water, air and organisms, has fertility and can beused for growing plants.

Description

The high-yield culture technique of seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, especially relate to the cultural method of a kind of Fructus Citri tangerinae.

Background technology

Fructus Citri tangerinae, is the one of Citrus, and taste is the sweetest, and Fructus Citri tangerinae makes evergreen dungarunga, high about 3m.Sprig is thinner and more delicate, often has short thorn.Elliptic leaf shape is avette, lanceolar, the blunt normal notch of tip, base portion wedge shape, and crenation is inconspicuous, and the wing of petiole is the narrowest the most aptery.Floral white, fragrance, single raw or fascicled leaves axil.Really oblate spheroid, footpath 5 ~ 7cm, orange red and orange-yellow, peel is easily peeled with fruit lobe.Liking light, the most resistance to side is shady, and the longest branch and leaf of illumination deficiency are not bloomed, and likes well-ventilated, warm weather, can not resist cold, it is impossible to less than-9 DEG C but resisting cold than Fructus Citri grandis, Fructus Citri sinensis, South of Jiangsu Province Taihu Lake one band can be passed the winter by open country, but palpus miniclimate is good, has windbreak.Suitable be born in loose fertile, humus abundant, well-drained sandy loam, never hydrops, root system has Mycorrhizal Symbiosis.Resistance to pruning, year can pumping branch.Fructus Citri tangerinae Fructus Citri tangerinae be mainly composed of moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, heat, crude fibre, ash, calcium, phosphorus, ferrum, vitamin, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, ascorbic acid, potassium, sodium, magnesium etc..Belong to treasure in fruit, the money good choosing of visitor.

Though Fructus Citri tangerinae has an above-mentioned multiple benefit, but there is also a lot of deficiency in terms of cultivating seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae, the problems such as yielding poorly easily occurs in seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae, the most ill and plant is the shortest.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is aiming at the problems referred to above, it is provided that a kind of yield is high, resistance against diseases is strong and the high-yield culture technique of the seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae of robust plant.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.

The high-yield culture technique of seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps.

1. field selects, and Citrus field preferably selects without obvious freeze injury location, it is desirable to soil layer is deep, draining is ventilative well, organic matter is abundant, irrigate convenient, traffic convenience.Hills, mountain region height above sea level are below 800 meters, the gradient, below 25 °, has the area of freeze injury should select slope, the southeast winter, and garden can not be built in the valley floor that the low-lying land of impeded drainage and cold air are easily stagnated, when ground, gentle slope, rivers two sides and rice terrace below 5 ° builds garden, it has to be noted that draining.Available natural cover and the big water body regulation effect to temperature, building garden about.There is bigger requirement in garden of building for surrounding, it is desirable to the Citrus stalwartness of production must be fully understood by the air quality of periphery, irrigation water quality, soil environment quality etc. without pest and disease damage.

2. stock and the preparation of scion, the grafting of Citrus is combined by scion and stock equally, and trifoliate orange is also a kind of Citrus, but at present, they are mainly used to do stock, and conventional stock has trifoliate orange, acid Fructus Citri tangerinae, tangerine, Chinese holly head orange, Citrus aurantium L. Var decumana Bonar, fragrant citrus, local morning and acid Fructus Citri grandis etc..For rootstock seedling, everybody can buy from neighbouring nursery base, it is also possible to replaces with wild nursery stocks.Stock to select the plant of health.

3. plant season, Citrus late Febuary in general spring sprout to the spring mid-March tip before plant.Winter can plant in the fall 10 ~ mid-November in the area without freeze injury；Spring and summer spring in the 4 ~ May tip is the highest to planting survival rate before summer shoot pumping after stopping growing；The container nursery four seasons all can plant.

4. after rootstock seedling and branch are ready to, just can be with grafting, the top of stock is cut before grafting, leave and take about 3-5 centimetre, then bottom cutter is whittled into an oblique section the most permissible, next, stock is cut along epidermal area the opening of 2-3 centimetre, epidermis is not scaled off, after cutting, the incision that scion is directed at stock is inserted, then, then interface section is wrapped the most permissible, after grafting completes with plastic sheeting, avoid the need for carrying out any management, allow themselves grow the most permissible.

5. soil management, soil be top by mineral, organic matter, water, air and biotic component, there is fertility, can the non-bonding course of growing plant.Citrus are well-grown in light soil, if but have employed suitable stock and have good drainage condition, Citrus also can grow in heavy loam.The pH value soil more than 8.0 is unfavorable to Ci trus growth.Soil salt and boron are reacted sensitivity by Citrus, and the soil hardened also reacts sensitive.Citrus Root is mainly distributed on 0.90 meter of soil layer, and different according to irrigation situation.Most aerobic activity Root Distribution are in the soil layer on 30 centimetres of top layer.In light soil, it is recommended to use watering period be 2 times a week, every day irrigates more preferably.Clearly as moisture is readily permeable below movable root district in light soil, thus, irrigation often and in a small amount will produce more preferable effect.

As a kind of preferred version, benefit connects: check in time, does not has the plant of grafting survival with rescue, for this kind of grafting failure, thin film to be dismantled by we, carrying out second time grafting, the method for grafting is with being for the first time, and to be noted is, second time otch is carried out on the opposite of a front otch, second time grafting must not be carried out, otherwise, with regard to cold turkey on original otch.After benefit has connect, our the most handy bamboo chip and plastic sheeting are that they build a simple canopy, so can promote to mend the speed of germination of seedlings picking, improve benefit and be connected into motility rate, meanwhile, also can promote to survive the growth promoter of seedling.

Beneficial effect of the present invention.

The breeding method of Citrus of the present invention, under the assurance of reasonably management and plantation pouring waiting time, can make the yield of seedless Citrus substantially increase；And fruit tree is sturdy, the resistivity of pest and disease damage is strengthened.Thus improve the quality of seedless Citrus, increase orchard worker's income.

Detailed description of the invention

Claims

The high-yield culture technique of the most seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps；

One, field selects, and Citrus field preferably selects without obvious freeze injury location, it is desirable to soil layer is deep, draining is ventilative well, organic matter is abundant, irrigate convenient, traffic convenience；Hills, mountain region height above sea level are below 800 meters, the gradient, below 25 °, has the area of freeze injury should select slope, the southeast winter, and garden can not be built in the valley floor that the low-lying land of impeded drainage and cold air are easily stagnated, when ground, gentle slope, rivers two sides and rice terrace below 5 ° builds garden, it has to be noted that draining；Available natural cover and the big water body regulation effect to temperature, building garden about；There is bigger requirement in garden of building for surrounding, it is desirable to the Citrus stalwartness of production must be fully understood by the air quality of periphery, irrigation water quality, soil environment quality etc. without pest and disease damage；

Two, stock and the preparation of scion, the grafting of Citrus is combined by scion and stock equally, and trifoliate orange is also a kind of Citrus, but at present, they are mainly used to do stock, and conventional stock has trifoliate orange, acid Fructus Citri tangerinae, tangerine, Chinese holly head orange, Citrus aurantium L. Var decumana Bonar, fragrant citrus, local morning and acid Fructus Citri grandis etc.；For rootstock seedling, everybody can buy from neighbouring nursery base, it is also possible to replaces with wild nursery stocks；Stock to select the plant of health；

Three, plant season, Citrus late Febuary in general spring sprout to the spring mid-March tip before plant；Winter can plant in the fall 10 ~ mid-November in the area without freeze injury；Spring and summer spring in the 4 ~ May tip is the highest to planting survival rate before summer shoot pumping after stopping growing；The container nursery four seasons all can plant；

Four, after rootstock seedling and branch are ready to, it is possible to grafting, the top of stock is cut before grafting, leave and take about 3-5 centimetre, then bottom cutter is whittled into an oblique section the most permissible, next, stock is cut along epidermal area the opening of 2-3 centimetre, not scaled off by epidermis, after cutting, the incision that scion is directed at stock is inserted, then, interface section is wrapped the most permissible with plastic sheeting again, after grafting completes, avoid the need for carrying out any management；

Five, soil management, soil be top by mineral, organic matter, water, air and biotic component, there is fertility, can the non-bonding course of growing plant；Citrus are well-grown in light soil, if but have employed suitable stock and have good drainage condition, Citrus also can grow in heavy loam；The pH value soil more than 8.0 is unfavorable to Ci trus growth；Soil salt and boron are reacted sensitivity by Citrus, and the soil hardened also reacts sensitive；Citrus Root is mainly distributed on 0.90 meter of soil layer, and different according to irrigation situation；Most aerobic activity Root Distribution are in the soil layer on 30 centimetres of top layer；In light soil, it is recommended to use watering period be 2 times a week, every day irrigates more preferably；Clearly as moisture is readily permeable below movable root district in light soil, thus, irrigation often and in a small amount will produce more preferable effect.
The high-yield culture technique of seedless Fructus Citri tangerinae the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: mend and connect: check in time, there is no the plant of grafting survival with rescue, for this kind of grafting failure, thin film to be dismantled by we, carrying out second time grafting, the method for grafting is with being for the first time, and to be noted is, second time otch is carried out on the opposite of a front otch, second time grafting must not be carried out, otherwise, with regard to cold turkey on original otch；After benefit has connect, our the most handy bamboo chip and plastic sheeting are that they build a simple canopy, so can promote to mend the speed of germination of seedlings picking, improve benefit and be connected into motility rate, meanwhile, also can promote to survive the growth promoter of seedling.