CN104054550A - Viticulture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a viticulture method, belongs to the technical field of viticulture, and aims to provide a viticulture method which can reduce labor intensity, and improve fruit quality, and is high in saccharinity. The adopted technical scheme is that spring is appropriate for planting grapes; planting pits are dug before permanent planting; surface soil and deep soil are placed respectively; the surface soil mixed with an organic fertilizer is filled in the lower layers of the pits; grape seedlings are planted on the lower layers; the deep soil mixed with the fertilizer is filled in the upper layers of the pits; the soil is conducted by irrigation and settled; temperature is controlled at any time after permanent planting; summer pruning is conducted when the plants pullulate; topdressing is conducted to each flower thinning and fruit thinning plant before pullulating, before blooming, during the young fruit expanding period, during the berry mature period, and after picking. The viticulture method is widely used for planting grapes.

Description

A kind of grape cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of grape cultivation method, belong to viticulture technical field.

Background technology

Grape is long at China's cultivation history, its well developed root system, and more waterlogging, drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant and saline and alkaline, to soil

Adaptability is very strong, has stronger healing and regeneration capacity, plants and easily survives.Along with socioeconomic development, fruit culture cultivation has been not only traditional culture technique, people to the demand of fruit be wide in variety, product are of fine quality, mouthfeel good, non-harmful fruit, cultivation to fruit culture simultaneously, harvesting have also proposed requirements at the higher level, as the particularly place of child's amusement and recreation festivals or holidays of people, traditional fruit tree planting technique cannot meet the demand in market.

Summary of the invention

The present invention overcomes the deficiency that prior art exists, and technical problem to be solved has been to provide one and can have reduced labor intensity, and improves the quality of fruit, the grape cultivation method that sugar content is high.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of grape cultivation method, carries out according to following steps:

A, grape are planted period to be advisable spring, generally can in the time that ground temperature reaches 7-10 DEG C, carry out, and dig planting pit before field planting, table soil and deep soil are placed respectively, footpath, cave 80-130m, the dark 60-100cm in cave, the crops straw such as corn stalk, wheat straw of paving 15-20cm at the bottom of cave;

B, then the table soil of sneaking into fertilizer is inserted to the lower floor in cave, grape seedling seed is implanted in lower floor, and inserts the upper strata in cave with the deep soil of sneaking into fertilizer, pours water heavy real;

After c, field planting, first 5 days temperature are controlled at 10 DEG C, and after field planting, 6-10 days temperature are controlled at 15 DEG C, and after field planting, 11-15 days temperature are controlled at 20 DEG C, within 15 days, wait sprout all to turn green later, and temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and humidity is controlled at 70%;

D, in the time of plant rudiment, carry out the summer and cut, every strain flower thinning vegetables and fruits, 4-6 fringe fruit is stayed in control, and it is coniform that fruit ear becomes, after plucking upper one year, adopt single pole single armed " Y " font to carry out winter pruning, the climing upper result of level master is climing, stays 2-4 buds to prune when the winter cuts, then fruit bearing shoot, prepare climing few individual plant stay 4-6 bud prune, prepare climing thick 0.7 centimetre and stay 3-5 bud to prune, 0.5 centimetre of following 2 full bud that stay is pruned;

E, before rudiment, bloom before, young fruit expanding stage, berry maturing stage and pluck after topdress, also can adopt in vegetative period the mode of foliage spray, fertilizer is dissolved in water, directly spray application on blade, growth sprays the urea of 0.2%-0.3% early stage, supplements nitrogen, promotes growth; The boric acid that sprays 0.05%-0.1% before blooming can improve fruit-setting rate; The nitrate of lime that the phase of bearing fruit sprays 2%-3% can increase the hardness of fruit and storage property.

The inventive method is simple, step is clear, cultivation effect is good, the fruit grain length ellipse of cultivating, is bright-coloured aubergine, painted easy, the heavy 10-12g of average particle after fruit thinning, the heavy 20g of maximum grain, in shattering, not dehiscent fruit, and fruit grain, soluble solid content is not high, pulp is crisp, have strong rose scent, fundamental sensation is less than tart flavour, and quality is first-class.

Embodiment

The embodiment of the present invention being done below in conjunction with embodiment is described further.

Embodiment 1

A kind of grape cultivation method, carries out according to following steps:

A, grape are planted period to be advisable spring, generally can in the time that ground temperature reaches 7 DEG C, carry out, and dig planting pit before field planting, table soil and deep soil are placed respectively to footpath, cave 80cm, the dark 60cm in cave, the crops straw such as corn stalk, wheat straw of paving 15cm at the bottom of cave;

B, then the table soil of sneaking into fertilizer is inserted to the lower floor in cave, grape seedling seed is implanted in lower floor, and inserts the upper strata in cave with the deep soil of sneaking into fertilizer, pours water heavy real;

After c, field planting, first 5 days temperature are controlled at 10 DEG C, and after field planting, 6-10 days temperature are controlled at 15 DEG C, and after field planting, 11-15 days temperature are controlled at 20 DEG C, within 15 days, wait sprout all to turn green later, and temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and humidity is controlled at 70%;

D, in the time of plant rudiment, carry out the summer and cut, every strain flower thinning vegetables and fruits, 4 fringe fruits are stayed in control, and it is coniform that fruit ear becomes, after plucking upper one year, adopt single pole single armed " Y " font to carry out winter pruning, the climing upper result of level master is climing, stays 2 buds to prune when the winter cuts, then fruit bearing shoot, prepare climing few individual plant stay 4 buds prune, prepare climing thick 0.7 centimetre and stay 3 buds to prune, 0.5 centimetre of following 2 full bud that stay is pruned;

E, before rudiment, bloom before, young fruit expanding stage, berry maturing stage and pluck after topdress, also can adopt in vegetative period the mode of foliage spray, fertilizer is dissolved in water, directly spray application on blade, growth sprays 0.2% urea early stage, supplements nitrogen, promotes growth; Before blooming, spray 0.05% boric acid and can improve fruit-setting rate; The phase of bearing fruit sprays 2% nitrate of lime can increase the hardness of fruit and storage property.

Embodiment 2

1, a grape cultivation method, carries out according to following steps:

A, grape are planted period to be advisable spring, generally can in the time that ground temperature reaches 8 DEG C, carry out, and dig planting pit before field planting, table soil and deep soil are placed respectively to footpath, cave 100cm, the dark 80cm in cave, the crops straw such as corn stalk, wheat straw of paving 15-20cm at the bottom of cave;

B, then the table soil of sneaking into fertilizer is inserted to the lower floor in cave, grape seedling seed is implanted in lower floor, and inserts the upper strata in cave with the deep soil of sneaking into fertilizer, pours water heavy real;

After c, field planting, first 5 days temperature are controlled at 10 DEG C, and after field planting, 6-10 days temperature are controlled at 15 DEG C, and after field planting, 11-15 days temperature are controlled at 20 DEG C, within 15 days, wait sprout all to turn green later, and temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and humidity is controlled at 70%;

D, in the time of plant rudiment, carry out the summer and cut, every strain flower thinning vegetables and fruits, 5 fringe fruits are stayed in control, and it is coniform that fruit ear becomes, after plucking upper one year, adopt single pole single armed " Y " font to carry out winter pruning, the climing upper result of level master is climing, stays 3 buds to prune when the winter cuts, then fruit bearing shoot, prepare climing few individual plant stay 5 buds prune, prepare climing thick 0.7 centimetre and stay 4 buds to prune, 0.5 centimetre of following 2 full bud that stay is pruned;

E, before rudiment, bloom before, young fruit expanding stage, berry maturing stage and pluck after topdress, also can adopt in vegetative period the mode of foliage spray, fertilizer is dissolved in water, directly spray application on blade, growth sprays 0.25% urea early stage, supplements nitrogen, promotes growth; Before blooming, spray 0.07% boric acid and can improve fruit-setting rate; The phase of bearing fruit sprays 2.5% nitrate of lime can increase the hardness of fruit and storage property.

Embodiment 3

1, a grape cultivation method, carries out according to following steps:

A, grape are planted period to be advisable spring, generally can in the time that ground temperature reaches 10 DEG C, carry out, and dig planting pit before field planting, table soil and deep soil are placed respectively to footpath, cave 130cm, the dark 100cm in cave, the crops straw such as corn stalk, wheat straw of paving 20cm at the bottom of cave;

B, then the table soil of sneaking into fertilizer is inserted to the lower floor in cave, grape seedling seed is implanted in lower floor, and inserts the upper strata in cave with the deep soil of sneaking into fertilizer, pours water heavy real;

After c, field planting, first 5 days temperature are controlled at 10 DEG C, and after field planting, 6-10 days temperature are controlled at 15 DEG C, and after field planting, 11-15 days temperature are controlled at 20 DEG C, within 15 days, wait sprout all to turn green later, and temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and humidity is controlled at 70%;

D, in the time of plant rudiment, carry out the summer and cut, every strain flower thinning vegetables and fruits, 6 fringe fruits are stayed in control, and it is coniform that fruit ear becomes, after plucking upper one year, adopt single pole single armed " Y " font to carry out winter pruning, the climing upper result of level master is climing, stays 4 buds to prune when the winter cuts, then fruit bearing shoot, prepare climing few individual plant stay 6 buds prune, prepare climing thick 0.7 centimetre and stay 5 buds to prune, 0.5 centimetre of following 2 full bud that stay is pruned;

E, before rudiment, bloom before, young fruit expanding stage, berry maturing stage and pluck after topdress, also can adopt in vegetative period the mode of foliage spray, fertilizer is dissolved in water, directly spray application on blade, growth sprays 0.3% urea early stage, supplements nitrogen, promotes growth; Before blooming, spray 0.1% boric acid and can improve fruit-setting rate; The phase of bearing fruit sprays 3% nitrate of lime can increase the hardness of fruit and storage property.

The specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments; but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment; in the ken possessing those of ordinary skill in the art; can also under the prerequisite that does not depart from aim of the present invention, make obtaining various variations, also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a grape cultivation method, is characterized in that: carry out according to following steps:

A, grape are planted period to be advisable spring, generally can in the time that ground temperature reaches 7-10 DEG C, carry out, and dig planting pit before field planting, table soil and deep soil are placed respectively, footpath, cave 80-130m, the dark 60-100cm in cave, the crops straw such as corn stalk, wheat straw of paving 15-20cm at the bottom of cave;

B, then the table soil of sneaking into fertilizer is inserted to the lower floor in cave, grape seedling seed is implanted in lower floor, and inserts the upper strata in cave with the deep soil of sneaking into fertilizer, pours water heavy real;

After c, field planting, first 5 days temperature are controlled at 10 DEG C, and after field planting, 6-10 days temperature are controlled at 15 DEG C, and after field planting, 11-15 days temperature are controlled at 20 DEG C, within 15 days, wait sprout all to turn green later, and temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and humidity is controlled at 70%;

D, in the time of plant rudiment, carry out the summer and cut, every strain flower thinning vegetables and fruits, 4-6 fringe fruit is stayed in control, and it is coniform that fruit ear becomes, after plucking upper one year, adopt single pole single armed " Y " font to carry out winter pruning, the climing upper result of level master is climing, stays 2-4 buds to prune when the winter cuts, then fruit bearing shoot, prepare climing few individual plant stay 4-6 bud prune, prepare climing thick 0.7 centimetre and stay 3-5 bud to prune, 0.5 centimetre of following 2 full bud that stay is pruned;

E, before rudiment, bloom before, young fruit expanding stage, berry maturing stage and pluck after topdress, also can adopt in vegetative period the mode of foliage spray, fertilizer is dissolved in water, directly spray application on blade, growth sprays the urea of 0.2%-0.3% early stage, supplements nitrogen, promotes growth; The boric acid that sprays 0.05%-0.1% before blooming can improve fruit-setting rate; The nitrate of lime that the phase of bearing fruit sprays 2%-3% can increase the hardness of fruit and storage property.