CN104303943A - Pollution-free grape cultivating method - Google Patents
Pollution-free grape cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303943A CN104303943A CN201410525820.2A CN201410525820A CN104303943A CN 104303943 A CN104303943 A CN 104303943A CN 201410525820 A CN201410525820 A CN 201410525820A CN 104303943 A CN104303943 A CN 104303943A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pollution-free grape cultivating method. The pollution-free grape cultivating method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1) variety selection; 2) fertilization management; 3) disease and insect pest prevention and control; 4) kernel-free treatment: trimming and fixing branches and reserving 1-2 branches per plant at a dormancy stage, combing off weak buds, dual buds and abnormal buds at a germination stage, determining fruiting branches and nutrient branches according to tree vigor at a branch determination stage, reserving two leaves above clusters and removing other leaves, i.e., conducting heavy decapitation when inflorescence reaches 60%, conducting secondary decapitation after 9 days, conducting repetitive decapitation treatment before decapitation is finished, and trimming and thinning fruits at a clustering stage; 5) cultivating by adopting a special heat-preserving grape planting greenhouse. Compared with the prior art, the pollution-free grape cultivating method has the advantage that the comprehensive management reaches the requirement on pollution-free food through variety selection, fertilization management, disease and insect pest prevention and control and nonchemical kernel-free treatment in combination with the special planting greenhouse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of grape.
Background technology
Yin is red is find in Xia Ying street, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province for 1993, within 2000, formally produced by kind mirror, name as " excellent No. 1 of river in Zhejiang Province ", this kind harvests grape bud mutation from rattan, belong to American-European to plant, feature in cultivation: ripe in the maturing stage, slightly more Zao than kyoto grape, not only can facility cultivation (booth) but also can outdoorly cultivate, and percentage of fertile fruit is high, colouring straight uniform, on tree, fruit-growing time is longer, the feature in quality: fruit grain is circular, is atropurpureus time ripe, pulp is relatively hard, sugary more than 16 degree, acidity is low, and taste is better
" excellent No. 1 of river in Zhejiang Province " botanical character: leaf morphology is palmate, thing splits, sawtooth is sharp, the dim light of night is dark green glossy, spire canescence, surface band fine hair, and Ye Jian is slightly red, is bronzing after shoot maturation, the long 5 ~ 10cm branch of internode is upright.In the phenophase: in Ningbo of Zhejiang area, this kind budding period, the florescence was early and middle ten days in May in mid-March, general 5 ~ 7 days of florescence, ripe by the end of July, mid-December falls leaves.
At present, although Yin is red at Zhejiang implant mass, but the scheme of complete set is not also formed with regard to the red denuclearization process of Yin, fertilizing management and facility cultivation aspect, how in conjunction with above-mentioned several respects, make to reduce in fertilising and medication, so that the requirement of pollution-free food can be reached, be need to drop into a large amount of time to carry out innovating and summing up.
In addition, current grape trellis mostly is mao bamboon booth or simple plastic greenhouse, causes the availability of booth low, is subject to the impact such as typhoon, heavy snow and caves in; Meanwhile, in planting process, need spraying pesticide frequently because southern rainy weather easily produces damage by disease and insect, this just causes fruit seriously polluted, causes the waste of a large amount of manpower and material resources.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the cultivation method providing a kind of green grape for the above-mentioned state of the art.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of cultivation method of green grape, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. Fruit variety: red in varieties of plant with Yin;
2. fertilizing management: 1 ~ 3 year organic fertilizer once, December carries out after fallen leaves, fertilizing amount is 190 ~ 210 kilograms every mu, sealing fertilizer is carried out before rudiment in 5 ~ June, fertilizing amount 15 ~ 20 kilograms every mu, point secondary fertilising, fertilizing amount is composite fertilizer 8 ~ 10 kilograms every mu for the first time, interval, after 8 ~ 10 days, refertilizes once; Maturing stage applies fertilizer, 10 ~ 15 kilograms, the potash fertilizer of applying fertilizer, and execute a potash fertilizer before harvesting again, potash fertilizer amount is 10 ~ 15 kilograms every mu;
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest: in idle field, garden, canopy, operation ridge stays grass, and expand beneficial organism population, shake covers the thin-film body in booth, increase ventilation and lighting, bloom and find damage by disease and insect early stage, adopt fumicants to carry out preventing and treating gray mold, powdery mildew and downy mildew, hang gyplure trapping clearwing moth;
4. denuclearization process: in resting stage, strain bar is pruned, setting, and 1 ~ 2 branch is stayed in every strain, budding period, comb was except weak bud, two bud, lopsided bud, determine the branch phase by tree vigo(u)r determination result branch, vegetative shoot, when inflorescence reaches 60%, more than fruit ear stay two panels leaf, all the other are extractd, and namely heavily pluck core process, after 9 days, secondary plucks core, and repeatedly plucks core process before harvesting terminates; The fruit ear phase carries out repairing and thin grain;
5. insulation wine-growing booth is adopted to cultivate, this insulation wine-growing booth comprises many root posts, crossbeam and radian pipe, described column divides two rows to be arranged in parallel, and described crossbeam comprises first crossbeam and second cross beam, and described first crossbeam is arranged at the top of column along the width of booth, described radian pipe is shaped to the semicircle shape that upwards arches upward and is arranged at booth top, the two ends of described radian pipe are connected with the two ends of first crossbeam respectively, described second cross beam is arranged along the length direction of booth and is connected with the end of radian pipe and first crossbeam, it is characterized in that: the inside and outside both sides of described column are respectively to being above provided with the oblique pull part be connected with the first crossbeam above it, oblique pull part two ends inside described column are respectively arranged with first wire drawing for fixing main tendril of arranging along booth length direction, on this oblique pull part, interval is furnished with at least two the second wire drawings for fixed knot fruit branch of arranging along booth length direction, the peripheral closure of described radian pipe is provided with thin-film body, the both sides of described booth be respectively arranged with thin-film body upwards can be opened shake film bar, described booth inside is provided with the water pipe arranged along booth length direction and the water source carrier pipe be connected with this water pipe, described water pipe offers several spray drop holes, the middle part of described water pipe has water inlet and is provided with valve, and this water inlet is connected with water source carrier pipe by a mozzle.
Further, also comprise the management of following facility cultivation: treelet First Year plant distance is 1.5 meters, line-spacing 3.6 meters, stays two main climing, often mainly climingly stays 3 ~ 4 bearing basal shoots, 1 ~ 2 annual production is stablized and laggardly in the ranks to be cut down, remove unnecessary plant, during later winter pruning, general spacing in the rows be 1.5 meters stay 5 ~ 6 bearing basal shoots, during the horizontal bondage in same direction, under front annual bearing carpopodium, 3 ~ 4 buds are not within the scope of horizontal bondage; When young sprout determines the tip, young sprout spacing is 18 ~ 20 centimetres, grows to after 7 ~ 8 leaves until young sprout, removes the blade of below fruit ear; Prune after fallen leaves, 6 ~ 7 standard results mothers that often select good strains in the field for seed are climing, each mother climing reservation 8 ~ 10 bud, when the coming year determines branch, every root branch stays 3 ~ 4 shoots, stay in principle and do not stay, control load amount after entering the full bearing period, weak branch does not stay fruit ear, and golden mean of the Confucian school branch stays a fringe, sturdy branch stays two fringes, suitably carries out whole fringe.
Further, the management of described facility cultivation also comprises: to should repeatedly pluck core process after having plucked before just blooming, branch upper end blade reaches the reservation of more than 2 centimetres, be less than the excision of 2 centimetres, in weak branch is slow plucks core, remove secondary fringe, tendril in inflorescence, sublateral shoot is erased three buds above inflorescence, all the other sublateral shoots retain and two leaves pluck core, spend front sublateral shoot, tendril and secondary fringe to retain; Bear fruit to fruit and interim repeatedly pluck core, after blade needed for guarantee fruits nutrition, all the other sublateral shoots pluck core repeatedly, bloom repeatedly to pluck core process during setting.
For improving the stability of booth, do following decision design: the point of intersection of described column and first crossbeam is respectively to being above provided with the first slash be connected with radian pipe, and two first slash intersect at a point on described radian pipe; First crossbeam inside described column is upwards provided with to be connected with radian pipe and with the second slash of the first slash arranged crosswise.
Further, the distance between described first wire drawing and adjacent second wire drawing is 40 ~ 45cm, and the distance between two adjacent second wire drawings is 45 ~ 50cm.
As preferably, described booth has many and is interconnected, and the distances in described booth between two row's columns are 3.5 ~ 3.7m; In interconnective two booths, the spacing of the column of adjacent layout is 3.0 ~ 3.2m; Described booth is high is 4.0 ~ 4.2m; The height on distance ground, described oblique pull part lower end is 80 ~ 100cm; The degree of depth that described column inserts underground is 70 ~ 80cm; The height on described first crossbeam distance ground is 1.7 ~ 1.8m.
As preferably, the ground between the column of any two adjacent layouts has the passage supplying water and flow through; The two ends of described booth length direction are arranged towards east-west direction respectively, and the oblique pull part inside described column and the angle between column are 40 ° ~ 45 °.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: in kind, fertilizer management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and denuclearization process non-chemically and in conjunction with special planting greenhouse, integrated management reaches the requirement of pollution-free food.In addition, because fertilizer amount reduces 20% than conventional, pesticide dosage reduces 30% than conventional, therefore cultivates cost and is reduced, and can place 3 ~ 6 days under products obtained therefrom normal temperature simultaneously, resistance to accumulating, soluble solid content is 17 ~ 19%, titratable acid 0.30%, Water-soluble Total Sugar 13.97%, reducing sugar 12.31%, Catergen 7.lug/g.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation being incubated wine-growing booth in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the part-structure schematic diagram of insulation wine-growing booth;
Fig. 3 is the end view that many booths of insulation wine-growing booth are connected.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The cultivation method of the green grape in the present embodiment, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. Fruit variety: red in varieties of plant with Yin, comparatively anthracnose disease resistant, anthracnose and downy mildew; Base is selected: Site environment will reach pollution-free food NY/391-2013 requirement.
2. fertilizing management: adopt and subtract the principle that nitrogen increases the solid phosphorus of potassium, 1 ~ 3 year organic fertilizer once, is specially: fertility fertilising in strong 2 ~ 3 years once, once, December carries out after fallen leaves, and fertilizing amount is 190 ~ 210 kilograms every mu in fertility fertilising in weak 1 ~ 2 year, sealing fertilizer is carried out before rudiment in 5 ~ June, fertilizing amount 15 ~ 20 kilograms every mu, point secondary fertilising, in order to avoid hinder root, extend fertilizer efficiency period simultaneously, first time, fertilizing amount was composite fertilizer 8 ~ 10 kilograms every mu, and interval, after 8 ~ 10 days, refertilizes once; Maturing stage applies fertilizer, 10 ~ 15 kilograms, the potash fertilizer of apply fertilizer, can improve that grape is painted, pol and flesh texture hardness, and execute a potash fertilizer before harvesting again, potash fertilizer amount is 10 ~ 15 kilograms every mu, can the extending fruit picking period.Composite fertilizer adopts the composite fertilizer of (N:P:K=15:15:15), and fertilizer can adopt chicken manure fertilizer, pig manure, sheep manure etc., and potash fertilizer can adopt potassium sulfate.Composite green food NY/391-2013 requirement wanted by fertilizer.
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest: in idle field, garden, canopy, operation ridge stays grass, expand beneficial organism population, shake covers the thin-film body in booth, increases ventilation and lighting, and early stage of blooming finds damage by disease and insect, fumicants is adopted to carry out preventing and treating gray mold, specifically can adopt procymidone, adopt fumicants to prevent, based on following consideration: first, meet overcast and rainy as with aqua with increasing the weight of humidity, reduce preventing effectiveness; Secondly, adopt aqua, time-consuming, 20 mu of booth aquas prevent needs one people one day, adopt fumicants one people one hour; Hang gyplure trapping clearwing moth.Composite green food NY/391-2013 requirement wanted by agricultural chemicals.
4. non-chemically denuclearization process: in resting stage, strain bar is pruned, setting, 1 ~ 2 branch is stayed in every strain, budding period, comb was except weak bud, two bud, lopsided bud, determine the branch phase by tree vigo(u)r determination result branch, vegetative shoot, when inflorescence reaches 60%, more than fruit ear stay two panels leaf, all the other extract (namely heavily plucking core process), and after 9 days, secondary plucks core, and core process is repeatedly plucked before harvesting terminates, the gibberellin that grape branch is produced is concentrated toward fruit place, and naturally induce grape parthenocarpy, the fruit ear phase carries out repairing and thin grain;
5. cultivation management is executed: treelet First Year plant distance is 1.5 meters, line-spacing 3.6 meters, stay two masters climing, often mainly climingly stay 3 ~ 4 bearing basal shoots, 1 ~ 2 annual production is stablized and laggardly in the ranks to be cut down, and removes unnecessary plant, during later winter pruning, general spacing in the rows be 1.5 meters stay 5 ~ 6 bearing basal shoots, during the horizontal bondage in same direction, under front annual bearing carpopodium, 3 ~ 4 buds are not within the scope of horizontal bondage; When young sprout determines the tip, young sprout spacing is 18 ~ 20 centimetres, grows to after 7 ~ 8 leaves until young sprout, removes the blade of below fruit ear; Prune after fallen leaves, 6 ~ 7 standard results mothers that often select good strains in the field for seed are climing, each mother climing reservation 8 ~ 10 bud, when the coming year determines branch, every root branch stays 3 ~ 4 shoots, stay in principle and do not stay, control load amount after entering the full bearing period, weak branch does not stay fruit ear, and golden mean of the Confucian school branch stays a fringe, sturdy branch stays two fringes, suitably carries out whole fringe; To should repeatedly pluck core process after having plucked before just blooming, branch upper end blade reaches the reservation of more than 2 centimetres, be less than the excision of 2 centimetres, in weak branch is slow plucks core, remove secondary fringe, the tendril in inflorescence, sublateral shoot is erased three buds above inflorescence, and all the other sublateral shoots retain and two leaves pluck core, spend front sublateral shoot, tendril and secondary fringe to retain; Bear fruit to fruit and interim repeatedly pluck core, after blade needed for guarantee fruits nutrition, all the other sublateral shoots pluck core repeatedly, bloom repeatedly to pluck core process during setting, are converted into reproductive growth nourishing and growing; Before blooming, if continuous many days fine days, full irrigation water is carried out to vineyard, in case of many days overcast and rainy time, without water flowing in canopy, allow antecedent soil moisture, reduce humidity, be conducive to the generation preventing damage by disease and insect.
6. special insulation wine-growing booth is adopted to cultivate.
For providing quality and commodity, per mu yield controls at 1500 ~ 1750 kilograms, fruit properties: fruit ear is conical, secondary fringe is few, and average fringe weighs 400 ~ 600 grams, and fruit is subsphaeroidal, simple grain on average weighs 13 ~ 15 grams, vertical footpath 2.8 ~ 3.0cm, transverse diameter 2.6 ~ 2.8cm, pericarp aubergine, skin is thicker, painted good, fruit powder is many, not de-example, and fruit can be cut into slices, 3 ~ 6 days can be placed, resistance to accumulating under normal temperature.Quality: time ripe, soluble solid content is 17 ~ 19%, titratable acid 0.30%, Water-soluble Total Sugar 13.97%, reducing sugar 12.31%, Catergen 7.lug/g.Fertilizer amount reduces 20% than conventional, and pesticide dosage reduces 30%, product composite green food requirement than conventional.
Insulation wine-growing booth in the present embodiment as shown in Figures 1 to 3, comprise many root posts 1, crossbeam 2, radian pipe 3, thin-film body 4, shake film bar (not shown) and water pipe 5,1 point two, column row is arranged in parallel and often arranges equi-spaced apart between each column 1 in column 1 and arranges, crossbeam 2 comprises first crossbeam 21 and second cross beam 22, first crossbeam 21 is arranged at the top of column 1 along the width of booth, and the two ends of first crossbeam 21 extend to outside first crossbeam 21 and the intersection point of column 1; Radian pipe 3 is shaped to the semicircle shape that upwards arches upward and is arranged at booth top, to expand the inner space of booth, the two ends of radian pipe 3 are connected with the two ends of first crossbeam 21 respectively, and second cross beam 22 is arranged along the length direction of booth and is connected with the end of radian pipe 3 and first crossbeam 21.The inside and outside both sides of column 1 are respectively to being above provided with the oblique pull part 6 be connected with the first crossbeam 21 above it, and in the present embodiment, the oblique pull part 6 be positioned at outside column 1 adopts steel pipe or the higher metal tube of other intensity, to increase the steadiness of booth.The oblique pull part 6 be positioned at inside column 1 adopts metal wire-drawing, the two ends of this oblique pull part 6 are respectively arranged with first wire drawing 61a, the 61b for fixing main tendril arranged along booth length direction, on this oblique pull part 6, interval is furnished with at least two second wire drawing 62a, 62b for fixed knot fruit branch arranged along booth length direction, distance L3 between first wire drawing 61a and the second wire drawing 62a is 45cm, distance L4 between first wire drawing 61b and the second wire drawing 62b is 40cm, and the distance L5 between the second wire drawing 62a and the second wire drawing 62b is 50cm.In the present embodiment, the two ends of booth length direction are arranged towards east-west direction respectively, oblique pull part 6 inside column 1 and the angle α between column 1 are 40 ° ~ 45 °, adopt above-mentioned stereo planting pattern, meet irradiating angle and the time of sunlight, be conducive to the time increasing leaf photosynthesis, increase the yield per unit area.
The thin-film body 4 adopted in the present embodiment is white Nylon film, cover at the periphery of radian pipe 3, shake film bar be arranged at the both sides of booth respectively and thin-film body 4 upwards can be opened, when rainwater is more, can operate and shake film bar and make thin-film body 4 by plastic house, thus prevent rain drop erosion grape, prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect, reduce access times and the quantity of agricultural chemicals, save a large amount of manpowers and material resources; When sunlight is better, film bar is shaken in operation makes thin-film body 4 upwards open, in the present invention, the thin-film body 4 of side can open to the height of 0.8m in a northerly direction, the height of 1.2m can be opened to towards south to the thin-film body 4 of side, to be irradiated into greatest extent in booth to make illumination and to be fully used.Water pipe 5 is arranged on the bottom inside booth along the length direction of booth, booth inside is provided with the water source carrier pipe 50 arranged along booth length direction, water pipe 5 offers several spray drop holes, employing drip irrigation technique supplies water, reduce the pollution to soil and environment, the middle part of water pipe 5 has water inlet 52 and is provided with valve 53, water inlet 52 is connected with water source carrier pipe 50 by mozzle 51, why water inlet 52 is arranged in the middle part of water pipe 5, because the delivery port 51 of water inlet 52 both sides can be made to have identical hydraulic pressure like this, avoid occurring that one end hydraulic pressure is larger, and the too little situation that cannot use of other end hydraulic pressure.
As shown in Figure 3, the booth of the present embodiment has many and is interconnected, and the distance L1 in booth between two row's columns 1 is 3.5 ~ 3.7m; In interconnective two booths, the spacing L2 of the column 1 of adjacent layout is 3.0 ~ 3.2m; The high H of booth is 4.0 ~ 4.2m; The height H 1 on distance ground, oblique pull part 6 lower end is 80 ~ 100cm; The depth H 2 that column 1 inserts underground is 70 ~ 80cm; First crossbeam 21 is 1.7 ~ 1.8m apart from the height H 3 on ground.Ground between the column 1 of any two adjacent layouts has the passage 9 supplying water and flow through, affect the quality of grape to prevent water stream from gathering too much.In order to increase the fastness of the present embodiment booth, the point of intersection of column 1 and first crossbeam 21 is respectively to being above provided with the first slash 7 be connected with radian pipe 3, and two first slash 7 intersect at a point on radian pipe 3, first crossbeam 21 inside column 1 is upwards provided with to be connected with radian pipe 3 and with the second slash 8 of the first slash 7 arranged crosswise, said structure is set, the fastness of booth can be strengthened, the typhoon can resisted the coastal south to make booth and often occur, and bear the accumulated snow of more than 10cm thickness.
Zhejiang Province's Crop breed audit certificate content that Yin is red is as follows:
Certificate number: Zhejiang (non-) product examine 2010-018; Authorization numbering: Zhejiang (non-) examines fruit 2010001; Variety name: Yin red (original name: excellent No. 1 of river in Zhejiang Province); Crop title: grape; Seed selection unit: grape field, wild horse gulf, Ningbo Dongqian lake area travel resort, forestry technology management service station, Yinzhou District, Ningbo City of Wanli College, Zhejiang; Cultivar origin: ' rattan is harvested ' garden variant systematic breeding; Authorization suggestion: this variety yield is stablized, and product are of fine quality, storage tolerance, suitable our province plantation.This kind is passed through through the 7th the meeting authorization of the non-principal Crop breed audit committee of Zhejiang Province, and the Agriculture of Zhejiang Province Room No. 7 bulletin in 2010 is announced, the authorization date: on December 10th, 2010.
Claims (8)
1. a cultivation method for green grape, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. Fruit variety: red in varieties of plant with Yin;
2. fertilizing management: 1 ~ 3 year organic fertilizer once, December carries out after fallen leaves, fertilizing amount is 190 ~ 210 kilograms every mu, sealing fertilizer is carried out before rudiment in 5 ~ June, fertilizing amount 15 ~ 20 kilograms every mu, point secondary fertilising, fertilizing amount is composite fertilizer 8 ~ 10 kilograms every mu for the first time, interval, after 8 ~ 10 days, refertilizes once; Maturing stage applies fertilizer, 10 ~ 15 kilograms, the potash fertilizer of applying fertilizer, and execute a potash fertilizer before harvesting again, potash fertilizer amount is 10 ~ 15 kilograms every mu;
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest: in idle field, garden, canopy, operation ridge stays grass, and expand beneficial organism population, shake covers the thin-film body in booth, increase ventilation and lighting, bloom and find damage by disease and insect early stage, adopt fumicants to carry out preventing and treating gray mold, powdery mildew and downy mildew, hang gyplure trapping clearwing moth;
4. denuclearization process: in resting stage, strain bar is pruned, setting, 1 ~ 2 branch is stayed in every strain, and the budding period, comb was except weak bud, two bud, lopsided bud, determined the branch phase by tree vigo(u)r determination result branch, vegetative shoot, when inflorescence reaches 60%, more than fruit ear stay two panels leaf, all the other are extractd, after 9 days, secondary plucks core, and repeatedly plucks core process before harvesting terminates; The fruit ear phase carries out repairing and thin grain;
5. insulation wine-growing booth is adopted to cultivate, this insulation wine-growing booth comprises many root posts (1), crossbeam (2) and radian pipe (3), described column (1) point two rows be arranged in parallel, described crossbeam (2) comprises first crossbeam (21) and second cross beam (22), and described first crossbeam (21) is arranged at the top of column (1) along the width of booth, described radian pipe (3) is shaped to the semicircle shape that upwards arches upward and is arranged at booth top, the two ends of described radian pipe (3) are connected with the two ends of first crossbeam (21) respectively, described second cross beam (22) is arranged along the length direction of booth and is connected with the end of radian pipe (3) and first crossbeam (21), it is characterized in that: the inside and outside both sides of described column (1) are respectively to being above provided with the oblique pull part (6) be connected with the first crossbeam (21) above it, oblique pull part (6) two ends of described column (1) inner side are respectively arranged with the first wire drawing (61a for fixing main tendril arranged along booth length direction, 61b), the upper interval of this oblique pull part (6) is furnished with at least two the second wire drawing (62a for fixed knot fruit branch arranged along booth length direction, 62b), the peripheral closure of described radian pipe (3) is provided with thin-film body (4), the both sides of described booth be respectively arranged with thin-film body (4) upwards can be opened shake film bar, described booth inside is provided with the water pipe (5) arranged along booth length direction and the water source carrier pipe (50) be connected with this water pipe (5), described water pipe (5) offers several spray drop holes, the middle part of described water pipe (5) has water inlet (52) and is provided with valve (53), and this water inlet (52) is connected with water source carrier pipe (50) by a mozzle (51).
2. the cultivation method of green grape according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the management of following facility cultivation: treelet First Year plant distance is 1.5 meters, line-spacing 3.6 meters, stays two main climing, often mainly climingly stays 3 ~ 4 bearing basal shoots, 1 ~ 2 annual production is stablized and laggardly in the ranks to be cut down, remove unnecessary plant, during later winter pruning, general spacing in the rows be 1.5 meters stay 5 ~ 6 bearing basal shoots, during the horizontal bondage in same direction, under front annual bearing carpopodium, 3 ~ 4 buds are not within the scope of horizontal bondage; When young sprout determines the tip, young sprout spacing is 18 ~ 20 centimetres, grows to after 7 ~ 8 leaves until young sprout, removes the blade of below fruit ear; Prune after fallen leaves, 6 ~ 7 standard results mothers that often select good strains in the field for seed are climing, each mother climing reservation 8 ~ 10 bud, when the coming year determines branch, every root branch stays 3 ~ 4 shoots, stay in principle and do not stay, control load amount after entering the full bearing period, weak branch does not stay fruit ear, and golden mean of the Confucian school branch stays a fringe, sturdy branch stays two fringes, suitably carries out whole fringe.
3. the cultivation method that green according to claim 2 is common, it is characterized in that the management of described facility cultivation also comprises: to should repeatedly pluck core process after having plucked before just blooming, branch upper end blade reaches the reservation of more than 2 centimetres, be less than the excision of 2 centimetres, in weak branch is slow plucks core, remove secondary fringe, tendril in inflorescence, sublateral shoot is erased three buds above inflorescence, all the other sublateral shoots retain and two leaves pluck core, spend front sublateral shoot, tendril and secondary fringe to retain; Bear fruit to fruit and interim repeatedly pluck core, after blade needed for guarantee fruits nutrition, all the other sublateral shoots pluck core repeatedly, bloom repeatedly to pluck core process during setting.
4. the cultivation method that green according to claim 1 is common, it is characterized in that the point of intersection of described column (1) and first crossbeam (21) is respectively to being above provided with the first slash (7) be connected with radian pipe (3), and two first slash (7) intersect at a point on described radian pipe (3); The first crossbeam (21) of described column (1) inner side is upwards provided with to be connected with radian pipe (3) and with second slash (8) of the first slash (7) arranged crosswise.
5. the cultivation method that green according to claim 1 is common, it is characterized in that the distance between described first wire drawing and adjacent second wire drawing is 40 ~ 45cm, the distance between two adjacent second wire drawings is 45 ~ 50cm.
6. the cultivation method that green according to claim 5 is common, is characterized in that described booth has many and is interconnected, and the distance in described booth between two rows' column (1) is 3.5 ~ 3.7m; In interconnective two booths, the spacing of the column (1) of adjacent layout is 3.0 ~ 3.2m; Described booth is high is 4.0 ~ 4.2m; The height on distance ground, described oblique pull part (6) lower end is 80 ~ 100cm; The degree of depth that described column (1) inserts underground is 70 ~ 80cm; The height on described first crossbeam (21) distance ground is 1.7 ~ 1.8m.
7. the cultivation method that green according to claim 5 is common, the ground between the column (1) that it is characterized in that any two adjacent layouts has the passage (9) supplying water and flow through.
8. the cultivation method that green according to claim 5 is common, it is characterized in that the two ends of described booth length direction are arranged towards east-west direction respectively, the angle between the oblique pull part (6) of described column (1) inner side and column (1) is 40 ° ~ 45 °.
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| CN201410525820.2A CN104303943B (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2014-10-08 | The cultivation method of green grape |
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| CN201410525820.2A CN104303943B (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2014-10-08 | The cultivation method of green grape |
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| CN104303943B CN104303943B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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| CN104798654A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-29 | 山东农业大学 | Greenhouse grape dense-planting and high-yield early maturing cultivating method |
| CN105145179A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-16 | 宜章华山红林科技生态有限公司 | Grape cultivating greenhouse |
| CN106305313A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 合肥市田然农业科技园有限公司 | Grape planting and under-trellis chicken raising matching method |
| CN111248023A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-09 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Method for cultivating sunlight rose grape suitable frame shape and tree shape |
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| CN104303943B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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