CN102668832B - Pot culture method for persimmons - Google Patents
Pot culture method for persimmons Download PDFInfo
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- CN102668832B CN102668832B CN201210010888.8A CN201210010888A CN102668832B CN 102668832 B CN102668832 B CN 102668832B CN 201210010888 A CN201210010888 A CN 201210010888A CN 102668832 B CN102668832 B CN 102668832B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pot culture method for persimmons. The pot culture method comprises the following steps of: (1) pot culture substrate adoption; (2) variety selection: selecting complete persimmon varieties with high grafting affinity with diospyros lotus; (3) seedling selection: selecting strong growing seedlings according to the concrete requirements that the seedling height is greater than or equal to 120cm, the seedling base part thickness is greater than or equal to 1.2 cm, and the number of lateral roots is not less than 5; (4) fixed planting: heeling bought tree seedlings in the field with loose soil quantity before the persimmon tree germination in early spring, and transplanting the tree seedlings into a pot when white new roots grow on the tree seedlings; (5) stem height determination: carrying out stem height determination after the pot transplanting at the stem height determination height being 35 to 45cm; and (6) planting management. When the method provided by the invention is adopted, 2 to 3 branches can be germinated in the fixed planting year of the persimmon tree seedlings, the branches are strong, in addition, flower buds are formed at the upper part, the trees can bear fruits in a second year, in addition, the quality of the fruit is better than that of persimmon fruit planted in the field, and more stable tree shapes and higher yields can be realized in the third year.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of sweet persimmon, relate in particular to a kind of method for potted of sweet persimmon.
Background technology
Persimmon originates in China, and it is as fruit growing at existing more than 2000 cultivation history of China, and for a long time all because its tree height is large, and quilt is planted by residence, the edge of a field.Sweet persimmon skin is thin, meat is tender.Sweet crisp, kernel is few, and fruit juice is many, contains grey glucoside, citrulling, sucrose, glucose, fructose, vitamin and abundant niacin, vitamin B1, B2, E, C and bata-carotene, and trace elements iron, zinc, selenium are all higher than general persimmon.In order to improve the ornamental value of persimmon, in recent years, also have potted plant persimmon, but current pot culture technology is applied mechanically field cultivation technology mostly, cause potted plant persimmon be shaped slowly, easily weak, fruit is little, ornamental value can not fully demonstrate out.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for potted of sweet persimmon.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention has adopted a kind of method for potted of sweet persimmon, comprises the following steps:
(1) select potting media;
(2) kind is selected: select the complete sweet persimmon kind high with dateplum grafting affinity;
(3) selection of seedling: select the nursery stock of robust growth, specific requirement is height of seedling >=120cm, seedling base portion rugosity >=1.2cm, lateral root is no less than 5;
(4) field planting: early spring, persimmon heeled in by the sapling of buying back the large Tanaka that the soil is porous before germinateing, and tripped out upper basin in the time that the new root of sapling adularescent sends;
(5) fixed dry: surely dry immediately after upper basin, 35～45 centimetres of heading heights, notice that one fixes on full bud band and cuts below and cut, and all cut off by full bud;
(6) Cultivate administration.
The described matrix of step (1) is that particle size is the slag of 5～10mm, garden mould, and expanded chicken manure, three's ratio is slag: garden mould: expanded chicken manure=2.5: 6.5: 1.
The described complete sweet persimmon kind of step (2) is that No. 1, Hubei Province persimmon or sunset are red.
The described basin of step (4) is selected pottery basin or the earthen basin of 30～35 centimetres of diameters; After upper basin, water permeablely, then cover with the mulch film of wide 60cm～80cm, thick 0.008mm.
The Cultivate administration of step (6) is divided into management in spring, summer management and flower and fruit management.
Described management in spring comprises the following steps:
(1) lime sulfur that before rudiment, 1 Baume 5 of spray is spent;
(2) rudiment on stock is erased in bud picking at any time;
(3) this phase insect pest of pest control is mainly the cotton a red-spotted lizard of persimmon, ceroplastes floridensis, chafer and aphid.The cotton a red-spotted lizard of persimmon, ceroplastes floridensis kill special missible oil or 10% gram of a red-spotted lizard missible oil spraying branches and leaves with 1000 times of 35% a red-spotted lizard, 750 times of first dimension salt (Da Jia, Dou Jia) spraying blades for chafer, 800 times of aphid despot spraying blades for aphid;
(4) this phase of disease control is mainly the generation of pre-disease prevention, can in pest control, spray medicine prevention, and medicament can be used thiophanate methyl, gram bacterium health, raw greatly M45;
(4) spray leaf fertilizer is used 300 times+plant nucleic acid of urea (120 jin of water/bags) for the first time, and blade face tow sides all should be sprayed onto, and makes blade face wet and not drip.After 10 days, spray once, this sprays 0.2% diammonium phosphate and plant nucleic acid (concentration is with for the first time) again;
(5) water and keep cultivation matrix moistening, when arid, water.
Described summer management comprises the following steps:
(1) mid-May is then removed mulch film in matrix covering field planting, and with the stalk shredding or weeds covering, thickness is 3-5cn, and maintenance covers throughout the year later;
(2) matrix is topdressed and is carried out by the end of May, and 10 grams of three element compound fertilizers are executed in every strain, within later every 2 weeks, executes once, executes altogether 6 times; After Second Year, three element compound fertilizer and multi-component composite fertilizer are alternately used;
(3) matrix is poured water and is watered in time according to weather and rainfall situation, generally within every 1～3 day, waters water one time, prevent matrix ponding;
(4) draw branch, sparse branching to draw branch in the time of the long 50～60cm of young sprout, make branch keep flat growth obliquely; Second Year is noted dredging going overstocked later.
Described flower and fruit management comprises the following steps:
(1) flower thinning not;
(2) florescence pollination, by pollination, makes it form a quantity of seeds, both can improve fruit-setting rate, can prevent again physiological fallen fruit; Pollen gathers and pollinating method: the flower under adopting is dried, sift out pollen, be stored in freezer compartment of refrigerator, after blooming in 3～4 days, award 1～2 time with writing brush point;
(3) spend after vegetables and fruits immediately, fruit bearing shoot not staying fruit at 5 below leaf, 6～10 leaves stay 1 fruit, 11 more than leaf are stayed 2 fruits, making leaf-fruit ratio is 15～20: 1.
Adopt method of the present invention to have the following advantages:
(1) method of the present invention adopts and first nursery stock is heeled in, and carries out field planting (upper basin) when nursery stock sends the new root of white by the time, and now planting survival rates is high, and seedling-slowing stage is short;
(2) the present invention is fixed dry below full bud band, all cuts off by full bud, can weaken apical dominance, improves germination rate, weakens shoot growth gesture, promotes bud to form;
(3) to adopt facile raw material to carry out composite for matrix of the present invention, obtains being suitable for the matrix of persimmon growth;
(4) control leaf-fruit ratio, clearly specify that leaf-fruit ratio is (15～20): 1.
Adopt method of the present invention, the field planting of sweet persimmon seedling can be sent 2-3 branch then, and branch is healthy and strong and form bud on top, and Second Year gets final product result, and fruit quality is better than the persimmon fruit of field planting; Within the 3rd year, can be made into more stable tree-like and higher output.The sweet persimmon that the present invention cultivates out not only mouthfeel is good, and output is high, has good edibility; Meanwhile, the leaf look stalwartness of its persimmon leaf, shinny, full of life, gradually become red by green autumn, has very much ornamental value.
Embodiment
The sweet persimmon method for potted of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps: (1) selects potting media, and matrix is that particle size is the slag of 5～10mm, garden mould, and expanded chicken manure, three's ratio is slag: garden mould: expanded chicken manure=2.5: 6.5: 1;
(2) kind is selected: select the complete sweet persimmon kind high with dateplum grafting affinity, kind can be that No. 1, Hubei Province persimmon or sunset are red;
(3) selection of seedling: select the nursery stock of robust growth, specific requirement is height of seedling >=120cm, seedling base portion rugosity >=1.2cm, lateral root is no less than 5;
(4) field planting: early spring, persimmon heeled in by the sapling of buying back the large Tanaka that the soil is porous before germinateing, and tripped out upper basin in the time that the new root of sapling adularescent sends; Basin is selected pottery basin or the earthen basin of diameter 30-35 centimetre; After upper basin, water permeablely, then cover with the mulch film of wide 60cm～80cm, thick 0.008mm;
(5) fixed dry: surely dry immediately after upper basin, 35～45 centimetres of heading heights, notice that one fixes on full bud band and cuts below and cut, and all cut off by full bud;
(6) Cultivate administration, is divided into management in spring, summer management and flower and fruit management.
Wherein spring, management comprised the following steps:
(1) lime sulfur that before rudiment, 1 Baume 5 of spray is spent;
(2) rudiment on stock is erased in bud picking at any time;
(3) this phase insect pest of pest control is mainly the cotton a red-spotted lizard of persimmon, ceroplastes floridensis, chafer and aphid.The cotton a red-spotted lizard of persimmon, ceroplastes floridensis kill special missible oil or 10% gram of a red-spotted lizard missible oil spraying branches and leaves with 1000 times of 35% a red-spotted lizard, 750 times of first dimension salt (Da Jia, Dou Jia) spraying blades for chafer, 800 times of aphid despot spraying blades for aphid;
(4) this phase of disease control is mainly the generation of pre-disease prevention, can in pest control, spray medicine prevention, and medicament can be used thiophanate methyl, gram bacterium health, raw greatly M45;
(4) spray leaf fertilizer is used 300 times+plant nucleic acid of urea (120 jin of water/bags) for the first time, and blade face tow sides all should be sprayed onto, and makes blade face wet and not drip.After 10 days, spray once, this sprays 0.2% diammonium phosphate and plant nucleic acid (concentration is with for the first time) again;
(5) water and keep cultivation matrix moistening, when arid, water.
Summer management comprises the following steps:
(1) mid-May is then removed mulch film in matrix covering field planting, and with the stalk shredding or weeds covering, thickness is 3～5cn, and maintenance covers throughout the year later;
(2) matrix is topdressed and is carried out by the end of May, and 10 grams of three element compound fertilizers are executed in every strain, within later every 2 weeks, executes once, executes altogether 6 times; After Second Year, three element compound fertilizer and multi-component composite fertilizer are alternately used;
(3) matrix is poured water and is watered in time according to weather and rainfall situation, generally within every 1～3 day, waters water one time, prevent matrix ponding;
(4) draw branch, sparse branching to draw branch in the time of the long 50～60cm of young sprout, make branch keep flat growth obliquely; Second Year is noted dredging going overstocked later.
Flower and fruit management comprises the following steps:
(1) flower thinning not;
(2) florescence pollination, by pollination, makes it form a quantity of seeds, both can improve fruit-setting rate, can prevent again physiological fallen fruit; Pollen gathers and pollinating method: the flower under adopting is dried, sift out pollen, be stored in freezer compartment of refrigerator, after blooming in 3～4 days, award 1～2 time with writing brush point;
(3) spend after vegetables and fruits immediately, fruit bearing shoot not staying fruit at 5 below leaf, 6～10 leaves stay 1 fruit, 11 more than leaf are stayed 2 fruits, making leaf-fruit ratio is 15～20: 1.
Claims (6)
1. a method for potted for sweet persimmon, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) select potting media;
(2) kind is selected: select sweet persimmon kind;
(3) selection of seedling: select the nursery stock of robust growth, specific requirement is height of seedling >=120cm, seedling base portion rugosity >=1.2cm, lateral root is no less than 5;
(4) field planting: early spring, persimmon heeled in by the sapling of buying back the large Tanaka that the soil is porous before germinateing, and tripped out upper basin in the time that the new root of sapling adularescent sends;
(5) fixed dry: surely dry immediately after upper basin, 35～45 centimetres of heading heights; Below full bud band, cut and cut, all cut off by full bud;
(6) Cultivate administration, Cultivate administration is divided into management in spring, summer management and flower and fruit management;
Described flower and fruit management comprises the following steps:
(1) flower thinning not;
(2) florescence pollination, by pollination, makes it form a quantity of seeds, both can improve fruit-setting rate, can prevent again physiological fallen fruit; Pollen gathers and pollinating method: the flower under adopting is dried, sift out pollen, be stored in freezer compartment of refrigerator, after blooming in 3～4 days, award 1～2 time with writing brush point;
(3) spend after fruit thinning immediately, fruit bearing shoot not staying fruit at 5 below leaf, 6～10 leaves stay 1 fruit, 11 more than leaf are stayed 2 fruits, making leaf-fruit ratio is 15～20: 1.
2. the described matrix of step (1) is that particle size is the slag of 5～10mm, garden mould, and expanded chicken manure, three's ratio is slag: garden mould: expanded chicken manure=2.5: 6.5: 1.
3. the method for potted of sweet persimmon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described sweet persimmon kind of step (2) for time youth be that kind or No. 1, Hubei Province persimmon or sunset are red.
4. the method for potted of sweet persimmon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described basin of step (4) is selected pottery basin or the earthen basin of 30～35 centimetres of diameters; After upper basin, water permeablely, then cover with the mulch film of wide 60cm～80cm, thick 0.008mm.
5. the method for potted of sweet persimmon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described management in spring comprises the following steps:
(1) lime sulfur that before rudiment, 1 Baume 5 of spray is spent;
(2) rudiment on stock is erased in bud picking at any time;
(3) this phase insect pest of pest control is mainly the cotton a red-spotted lizard of persimmon, ceroplastes floridensis, chafer and aphid; The cotton a red-spotted lizard of persimmon, ceroplastes floridensis kill special missible oil or 10% gram of a red-spotted lizard missible oil spraying branches and leaves with 1000 times of 35% a red-spotted lizard, 750 times of first dimension salt spraying blades for chafer, 800 times of aphid despot spraying blades for aphid;
(4) this phase of disease control is mainly the generation of pre-disease prevention, sprays medicine prevention in pest control, thiophanate methyl, gram bacterium health, raw greatly M45 for medicament;
(5) spray leaf fertilizer is used 120 jin of water/bags of 300 times+plant nucleic acid of urea for the first time, and blade face tow sides all should be sprayed onto, and makes blade face wet and not drip; After 10 days, spray once, this sprays 0.2% diammonium phosphate and plant nucleic acid again, and concentration is with for the first time;
(6) water and keep cultivation matrix moistening, when arid, water.
6. the method for potted of sweet persimmon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described summer management comprises the following steps:
(1) mid-May is then removed mulch film in matrix covering field planting, and with the stalk shredding or weeds covering, thickness is 3～5cm, and maintenance covers throughout the year later;
(2) matrix is topdressed and is carried out by the end of May, and 10 grams of three element compound fertilizers are executed in every strain, within later every 2 weeks, executes once, executes altogether 6 times; After Second Year, three element compound fertilizer and multi-component composite fertilizer are alternately used;
(3) matrix is poured water and is watered in time according to weather and rainfall situation, generally within every 1～3 day, waters water one time, prevent matrix ponding;
(4) draw branch, sparse branching to draw branch in the time of the long 50～60cm of young sprout, make branch keep flat growth obliquely; Second Year is noted dredging going overstocked later.
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| CN201210010888.8A CN102668832B (en) | 2012-01-15 | 2012-01-15 | Pot culture method for persimmons |
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| CN201210010888.8A CN102668832B (en) | 2012-01-15 | 2012-01-15 | Pot culture method for persimmons |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102939847A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-27 | 保山市映山红甜柿开发有限公司 | High yield cultivation technical method for multi-head top grafting of jiro persimmon on syzygium aromaticum |
| CN103120091A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-29 | 濮阳市林业科学院 | Persimmon tree quick seedling culture method |
| CN105309143A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-02-10 | 魏达钦 | Planting method of Wanrong sweet persimmons |
| CN105900767A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 郑勇 | Persimmon tree grafting plantation method |
| CN105993451A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 合肥公盈园艺科技有限公司 | Potting method for seedlings |
| CN108207548A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-29 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A kind of light cultivation matrix of potting persimmon and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101986817A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101986817A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
| CN101986816A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating potted cover persimmon tree |
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