CN103416203B - The method of a kind of head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery - Google Patents
The method of a kind of head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103416203B CN103416203B CN201310348058.0A CN201310348058A CN103416203B CN 103416203 B CN103416203 B CN 103416203B CN 201310348058 A CN201310348058 A CN 201310348058A CN 103416203 B CN103416203 B CN 103416203B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of cuttage and seedling culture, related to the method for a kind of head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery specifically, belonged to technical field of plant cultivation.The present invention selects the plant strain growth later stage, the axillalry bud sprouting out a large amount of semi-lignified from plant axil after seed harvest does examination material, beneficial effect ensure that higher cuttage survival rate, adopt the method for booth cover hut to build cuttage and seedling culture bed simultaneously, add a cover polyethylene dripless film and sunshade net, and directly utilize soil and seedling medium compound to do axil bud cutting matrix, gather materials on the spot, simple, easy to operate.On general production, axillalry bud is not as material use, and the present invention adopts the method for axil bud cutting nursery, axillalry bud is converted to the plant producing upper application, turns waste into wealth, improve utilization ratio, and seedling cost can be made to reduce by more than 30%, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of cuttage and seedling culture, related to the method for a kind of head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery specifically, belonged to technical field of plant cultivation.
Background technology
Head cabbage (BrassicaoleraceaL.var.Capitata) is Cruciferae brassica plant, there is the features such as cold-resistant, disease-resistant, strong adaptability, the easily resistance to fortune of storage, output are high, quality better, in China's vegetable growing and year-round supply, occupy critical role.At present, in head cabbage breeding practice, utilize the trend of male sterile line replacement self incompatible line production crossbreed day by day obvious.Especially wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line preparing hybrid kind is utilized, the decline of self incompatible line artificial bud pollination reproductive-cost high, long-term selfing vitality continuously can be overcome, hybrid rate is difficult to reach the defect such as 100% by environmental constraints, breed parent than dominant genic male sterility system again simple.Simultaneously this male sterile line has that transformation is simple, sterility thorough, and with the crossbreed of its preparation, land for growing field crops hybrid purity can ensure to reach 100%.In recent years, my unit is in the breeding process of field, obtain some cytoplasm male sterility line materials, but due to unclear to its genetic background, not yet find good maintainer, cause breeding difficulty, and by the method for in-vitro propagate, can realize preserving it and expanding numerous, to meet the needs on breed and production.Head cabbage has very strong axillalry bud generating ability.Blooming to seed collection period, plant axil place pumping can go out a large amount of axillalry bud, utilizes these axillalry buds to do cuttings and carries out cuttage and seedling culture, can meet need of production.The method that epicormic branch cuttage breeds seedling is one of vegetative important technical of plant, its have variability little, take root be easier to, the advantage such as survival rate is high, fringe bar abundance.The successful key of epicormic branch cutting is two aspects: one is permeability, the water content control of cuttage and seedling culture matrix; Two is that air humidity in the microenvironment of cuttage seedbed and temperature control.In existing achievement in research and documents and materials, the water content of cutting medium and permeability mainly by adopting sand, perlite, stone, boiler ash sediment etc. to build well-drained seedbed, also have directly adopt light, in, rich clay does seedbed.And seedbed microenvironment air relative moisture and temperature are also controlled by water smoke control system.These methods are multiplex fruit tree and ornamental trees and shrubs.Existing cottage method gets spray at growing point (newel) place of the ripe leaf-head of wild cabbage to carry out cuttage, but tissue children is tender herein, and add extensive management, plant strain growth is poor, larger on later stage field growing impact.。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect existed for prior art, a kind of method of axil bud cutting nursery is provided, adopt soil to add seedling medium mixture and do axil bud cutting matrix, seedling cost can not only be reduced, and can economize on resources and the energy, reduce the destruction to environment, significant.
The present invention is technical solution problem by the following technical programs, and the method for a kind of head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery, comprises the following steps:
Step one, construction cuttage booth, on booth, first lay polyethylene dripless film, rear covered with sunshade net, builds Small plastic shed in booth, outer cover polyethylene dripless film and sunshade net;
Step 2, in Small plastic shed, dig the seedbed of dark 15 ~ 20cm, wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m, the soil dug out and special seedling substrate are mixed, and seedling medium and soil volume ratio are 3:1 ~ 5:1, and composite soil backfill seedbed, makes furrow, water permeable for subsequent use;
When step 3, selected seed are ripe, the axillalry bud of semi-lignified does cuttings, and the long 4 ~ 7cm of cuttings, after disinfection and hestening rooting mass treatment, inserts on ready-made seedbed, insertion depth 1 ~ 3cm;
After step 4, cuttage, uniform sprinkling irrigates seedbed, and Small plastic shed is put up polyethylene dripless film and black sunshade net, and temperature of shed controls at 18 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 80%;
Manage the phase after step 5, cuttage, carry out sterilizing, fertilising to seedbed, temperature of shed controls at 18 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 80%; The cuttage rooting phase, temperature of shed controls at 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 85%;
After step 6, cuttage rooting 2 ~ 5 days, reduce shed humidity to 60 ~ 80% gradually, when intensity of illumination is greater than 4000lx, outside booth and shed, add a cover sunshade net, under intensity of illumination is less than 800lx situation, raises the polyethylene dripless film of shed, makes plant progressively reform of nature environment;
After step 7, plant are taken root, natural temperature lower refining seedling carries out transplanting for 3-5 days and heels in, and when plant to be planted branches and leaves are luxuriant, root system is healthy and strong, field planting is to land for growing field crops.
In the described step one of said method, Small plastic shed is bamboo-wood structure or steel frame construction, high 0.8 ~ 1.0m, wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m.
In described step 2, soil is clay, and soil particle diameter is less than 2cm, and matrix is cabbage stalk seedling culturing dedicated substrate.
In described step 3, the axillalry bud of plant semi-lignified when axillalry bud is head cabbage male sterile line seed maturation.
In described step 3, the axillalry bud of plant semi-lignified when axillalry bud is head cabbage self incompatible line seed maturity.
In described step 3, the axillalry bud of plant semi-lignified when axillalry bud is head cabbage inbred line seed maturity.
Sterilization and the step of taking root of above-mentioned axillalry bud are: be first tpn 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid sterilizings 5 minutes of 75% ~ 80% by mass percentage concentration, to pull in rear immersion indolebutyric acid-3-butyric acid 200mg/kg solution 10 minutes out.
In the present invention, the axillalry bud of semi-lignified refers to and is in the axillalry bud of spray to the hypertrophy stage of lignification branch.Branches and leaves are luxuriant refers to that plant lobus cardiacus is healthy and strong, has 5-6 sheet true leaf, the thick 5mm ± 0.5mm of stem; Root system stalwartness refers to that plant has more than 3 root systems and fibrous root.
The present invention selects the plant strain growth later stage, sprout out the axillalry bud of a large amount of semi-lignified as test material from plant axil during seed maturity, beneficial effect ensure that higher cuttage survival rate, adopt the method for booth cover hut to build cuttage and seedling culture bed simultaneously, add a cover polyethylene dripless film and sunshade net, and directly utilize soil and seedling medium compound to do axil bud cutting matrix, gather materials on the spot, simple, easy to operate.On general production, axillalry bud is not as material use, and the present invention adopts the method for axil bud cutting nursery, axillalry bud is converted to the plant producing upper application, turns waste into wealth, improve utilization ratio, and seedling cost can be made to reduce by more than 30%, remarkable in economical benefits.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment adopts the nursery of head cabbage inbred line plant axil bud cutting, carries out according to the following steps:
Step one, steel-framed plastic greenhouse are existing, booth height 2m, wide 4m, long 15m, and booth top successively covers monoblock polyethylene dripless film and sunshade net, and bottom is liftoff, and position, 0.9 ~ 1m place adopts polyethylene dripless film enclosing; Inside plastic tunnel, build Small plastic shed, the high 0.8 ~ 1.0m of the Small plastic shed built, wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m, adopt stainless steel bow member built, connect, with polyethylene dripless film and Shading net covering Small plastic shed with bamboo wood between bow member.
Step 2, in Small plastic shed, dig the seedbed of dark 15 ~ 20cm, wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m, the soil dug out and special seedling substrate are mixed, and seedling medium and soil volume ratio are 3:1 ~ 5:1, composite soil backfill seedbed, make the furrow ridge of high 20cm, wide 1.1m, water permeable for subsequent use;
Step 3, at the beginning of 6 months, during seed maturity, get first lignified axillalry bud of plant and do cuttings, the long 4 ~ 7cm of cuttings; Be first tpn (the tpn wetting powder as commercially available) 800 ~ 1000 times of (multiple of dilution) liquid sterilizings 5 minutes of 75% ~ 80% by mass percentage concentration, to pull in rear immersion indolebutyric acid-3-butyric acid 200mg/kg solution 10 minutes out, afterwards the cuttings handled well is inserted on ready-made seedbed, insertion depth 1 ~ 3cm, density 5cm × 5cm.
After step 4, cuttage, uniform sprinkling, rear spray tpn solution (the same), to seedbed sterilizing, Small plastic shed is put up polyethylene dripless film and black sunshade net, and to keep temperature of shed to control at 18 ~ 28 DEG C, relative moisture controls more than 80%;
Manage the phase after step 5, cuttage, use weekly tpn solution (the same) carry out sterilizing to seedbed and apply fertilizer, temperature of shed controls at 18 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 80%; The cuttage rooting phase, temperature of shed controls at 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 85%;
After step 6, cuttage rooting 2 ~ 5 days, reduce shed humidity to 60 ~ 80% gradually, when intensity of illumination is greater than 4000lx, outside booth and shed, add a cover sunshade net, under intensity of illumination is less than 800lx situation, raises the polyethylene dripless film of shed, makes plant progressively reform of nature environment;
Step 7, after 40 days, statistics cuttings survives and growing state on seedbed, finds cuttings survival rate 97.5%;
Seedling of taking root continues to grow on seedbed, enters Routine Management;
Field planting in 8 ~ September to land for growing field crops first 20 days, plant natural conditions lower refining seedling is carried out transplanting heel in after 3-5 days, plant to be planted lobus cardiacus is healthy and strong, and have 5-6 sheet true leaf, the thick 5mm ± 0.5mm of stem, when more than 3 root systems and fibrous root, field planting is to land for growing field crops.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment adopts the nursery of head cabbage self incompatible line plant axil bud cutting
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is: the axillalry bud of head cabbage self incompatible line semi-lignified when selecting seed maturity does cuttings, through sterilizing 5 minutes, indolebutyric acid-3-butyric acid 200mg/kg solution-treated 10 minutes, for subsequent use,
After cuttage 35 days, investigation found, cuttings survival rate 98.3%.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment adopts the nursery of head cabbage selfing male sterile line plant axil bud cutting
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is: the axillalry bud of head cabbage self incompatible line semi-lignified when selecting seed maturity does cuttings, through sterilizing 5 minutes, ABT root-inducing powder No. 6 200mg/kg solution-treated 10 minutes, for subsequent use,
After cuttage 45 days, investigation found, cuttings survival rate 98.0%.
Comparative example
The test material that this comparative example adopts is the axillalry bud on the ripe leaf-head growing point of wild cabbage, and cutting medium is garden mould, and other condition is with embodiment one.Its growth comparing result is in table 1:
Table 1
Except above-mentioned enforcement, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (8)
1. a method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery, comprises the following steps:
Step one, construction cuttage booth, successively cover polyethylene dripless film and sunshade net, build Small plastic shed, described Small plastic shed outer cover polyethylene dripless film and sunshade net in booth on booth;
Step 2, in Small plastic shed, dig the seedbed of dark 15 ~ 20cm, wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m, the soil dug out and special seedling substrate are mixed, and seedling medium and soil volume ratio are 3:1 ~ 5:1, and composite soil backfill seedbed, makes furrow, water permeable for subsequent use;
When step 3, selected seed are ripe, the axillalry bud of plant semi-lignified does cuttings, and the long 4 ~ 7cm of cuttings, after disinfection and hestening rooting process, inserts on ready-made seedbed, insertion depth 1 ~ 3cm;
After step 4, cuttage, uniform sprinkling irrigates seedbed, and Small plastic shed is put up polyethylene dripless film and black sunshade net, and temperature of shed controls at 18 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 80%;
Manage the phase after step 5, cuttage, carry out sterilizing, fertilising to seedbed, temperature of shed controls at 18 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 80%; The cuttage rooting phase, temperature of shed controls at 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls more than 85%;
After step 6, cuttage rooting 2 ~ 5 days, reduce Small plastic shed humidity to 60 ~ 80% gradually, when intensity of illumination is greater than 4000lx, sunshade net is added a cover outside booth and Small plastic shed, raise the polyethylene dripless film of Small plastic shed when intensity of illumination is less than 800lx, make plant progressively reform of nature environment;
After step 7, plant are taken root, carry out transplanting after natural temperature hardening 3-5 days and heel in, plant to be planted branches and leaves are luxuriant, and when root system is healthy and strong, field planting is to land for growing field crops.
2. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step one, and Small plastic shed is bamboo-wood structure or steel frame construction, high 0.8 ~ 1.0m, wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m.
3. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 2, and soil is clay, and soil particle diameter is less than 2cm, and matrix is cabbage stalk seedling culturing dedicated substrate.
4. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, the axillalry bud of head cabbage male sterile line plant semi-lignified when axillalry bud is seed maturity.
5. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, the axillalry bud of head cabbage self incompatible line plant semi-lignified when axillalry bud is seed maturity.
6. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, the axillalry bud of head cabbage inbred line plant semi-lignified when axillalry bud is seed maturity.
7. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for described disinfection and hestening rooting is first with tpn 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid sterilizings 5 minutes that mass percentage concentration is 75% ~ 80%, to pull in rear immersion indolebutyric acid-3-butyric acid 200mg/kg solution 10 minutes out.
8. the method for head cabbage axil bud cutting nursery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 7, and plant branches and leaves are luxuriant is that plant lobus cardiacus is healthy and strong, has 5-6 sheet true leaf, the thick 5mm ± 0.5mm of stem; Root system is healthy and strong has more than 3 root systems for plant.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106069765B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-06-26 | 李友星 | A kind of tissue method for culturing seedlings of cauliflower |
| CN108703074B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-10-01 | 东北农业大学 | Temporary preservation and asexual propagation method of cabbage male sterile plant |
| CN109349016B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for rapidly propagating chicory seeds in Nanjing area |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101371635A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-25 | 何光浚 | Method of cottage and breeding for caxillary bud of pineapple in-vitro |
| CN102498925A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-20 | 上海博琛生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of common head cabbage |
| CN102870585A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for floating breeding of cabbage seedling |
| CN103155783A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-06-19 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method of cultivating early-maturing common head cabbage strong seedlings |
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