CN103026940A - Ice grape culture overwintering technology - Google Patents
Ice grape culture overwintering technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103026940A CN103026940A CN2011102906500A CN201110290650A CN103026940A CN 103026940 A CN103026940 A CN 103026940A CN 2011102906500 A CN2011102906500 A CN 2011102906500A CN 201110290650 A CN201110290650 A CN 201110290650A CN 103026940 A CN103026940 A CN 103026940A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a grape planting method, in particular to ice grape culture overwintering technology. Methods of the ice grape culture overwintering technology include: covering between lines and soil covering cold-proof method after harvest; and multiple vane replacing and soil covering cold-proof method. By adopting management technology to guarantee that a fruiting main vane, a preparing main vane and a cultivating main vane are maintained on a frame surface all the time, namely multiple vane circulation replacement. Thus, stable ice grape output can be guaranteed no matter how winter climate changes, the problem between ice grape production and tree overwintering is solved, persistence of the ice grape production is guaranteed, ice grapes with high quality can be produced, and production capacity of large-scale ice grape planting can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grape planting process, more precisely a kind of ice viticulture overwintering technology.
Background technology
The ice grape is the rare famous and precious grape variety of a class, different cultivars fragrance, different, the ice grape requires harsh to growth conditions, the control that is subjected to the factors such as region, the hydrology, weather, soil environment with affect, only be suitable in north latitude 38-42 degree region growth, the ice grape can be under subzero 7-15 ℃ environmental temperature, freezes and not dead, still can keep active, be unique raw material of brewageing famous and precious ice-wine, output is few, and is therefore rare famous and precious.Definition to ice-wine in " GB " is: grape is postponed gather, make grape keep certain hour at branch when temperature is lower than-7 ℃, freeze, gather, squeezing under the state of freezing, fermentation, the wine that brew forms.The definition of Canada's VQA standard is: below the temperature-8 ℃, and the wine of naturally freezing brewing grape on vine.Because ice-wine is to the requirement of grape harvest time receiving temperature, so determined not to be that any area, any kind, any time can both produce ice-wine.Here topmost decisive factor is exactly the winter issue of vine body.The ice viny region of the domestic overwhelming majority is that employing " GB " is that the method that split is frozen is produced, namely grape is postponed and being gathered, when grape enters the winter winter protection, the bearing basal shoot of grape is cut off, grape is retained on the bearing basal shoot, bearing basal shoot continues to hang over and carries out freezingly on the frame, and normally carries out winter protection with the grape master is climing.The mode of production of this ice grape is not approved by the world that now the grape of being cut off is except the dehydration of nature, and grape inside is so that any variation no longer to occur.In the VQA standard, grape is UNICOM with tree, grape except the dehydration of nature, concentrated, grape is inner also to carry out constantly mass exchange with the vine body, grape carries out saccharification constantly, and the dry matter of grape is also constantly changing, and gathers until temperature reaches-8 ℃ of grapes.This one of them critical problem; namely ice the winter issue of vine body; the grape that meets international standard should be provided for the production of ice-wine; guarantee that again the normal winter protection of vine body survives the winter; the tree body is not freezed to death, and guarantees the sustainable development in vineyard, at present; can scale process ice viticulture overwintering technology, there is no normalized implantation methods can follow.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the object of the invention is to, a kind of scale ice viticulture overwintering technology is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of ice viticulture overwintering technology, and its method is:
(1), covers the rear soil burial winter protection method of gathering in the ranks.
Before soil begins to freeze in the winter time, the place that grape need be got anti-dry frozen ground in the ranks covers with coverings such as corn stalk or straw screen or mat, when temperature reach-8 ℃ of grapes gather finish after, prune immediately, undercarriage, covering that will be in the ranks behind the undercarriage covers on the grape branches and tendrils behind the undercarriage, then soil burial winter protection;
(2), how climing replacement, the soil burial winter protection method:
The ice grape seedlings of new field planting after the slow seedling of grape seedlings survives, stays the pinching of 4-5 sheet leaf, after young sprout was sprouted, the young sprout of 3 stalwartnesses of selecting and remain was cultivated climing, the unnecessary young sprout of deciding and is erased, guarantee that 3 masters overgrow long healthy and strong, cut when the winter cuts to main climing abundant ripe position, the normal mature height is generally at 120-150cm, behind the press strip undercarriage, at coverings such as main climing covering corn stalks, mantle thickness generally about 20cm, the thick 15cm of earthing on the covering, the earthing width is at 120cm.Without the directly real native winter protection of covering, upper soil thickness should be at 35-40cm;
(3), Second Year, grape seedlings is unearthed, added after, the grape of this moment can be yielded positive results, the inflorescence of grape is extractd, guarantee main climing growth, cultivate strong tree, treat that the climing maturity of 3 masters of grape when the winter cuts can reach the calibrated altitude-180cm of hedge frame substantially.Normal undercarriage winter protection in winter;
(4), the 3rd year, the ice grape enters to be contained the fruit initial stage, after entering the grape maturity in autumn, the master that the result quantities of selecting and remain is larger is climing not to gather, stay and do the ice grape, all the other two main climingly normally gather the main climing normal pruning of two after gathering, undercarriage winter protection, stay the climing and grape of master of doing the ice grape still to be retained on the frame face, assurance stay ice grape the climing base portion of master 35cm must be arranged length in insulating layer, stay on the frame face grape through the dehydration, concentrated, a series of processes such as saccharification are when temperature reaches-8 ℃, pluck, the grape master of ice grape after gathering is climing, and freeze injury might occur, can not guarantee the normal growth in next year, will lead climingly pressing close to prevent that the dry frozen ground face cuts off;
(5) the 4th years, grape is except behind the soil, the master of two winter protection is climing normally added, the climing normal result of these two masters then, the climing base portion of master that stayed upper one year the ice grape to cut off is sprouted sprouting, the stalwartness of in these sproutings, selecting and remain, near cultivation is done newly climing apart from ground, remaining sprouting is erased, and removes the summer bud sublateral shoot, carries out pinching on time, guarantee new climing maturity, when gathering with two as a result in climing one of master gather, another main climing staying is done the ice grape, the winter is when cutting, the climing normal pruning of the master who gathers, newly stay main climingly cut off at fully ripe place, during winter protection, the master is climing and newly stay the climing normal winter protection of master as a result, stay the master who does the ice grape climing at ice after grape gathers, will lead and climingly press close to prevent that dry frozen ground face place cuts off.
(6), the 5th year, only has a climing normally result of master this year, it will be climing as the master who stays the ice grape this year, master climing this year of cultivating upper one year also can the result, it stays the master of ice grape climing as next year, this is climing not to stay fruit, guarantees maturity and the frame face height in this climing this year, stays the ice grape to cut off main climing base portion in the 4th year and selects and remain still that to cultivate into the new master in this year climing for a healthy and strong sprouting.
(7), the 6th year, the master is climing as a result to be still one on the frame face, stays the ice grape production of doing this year, the main climing ice grape production master as the coming year of preparation is climing, one new cultivates main climingly, it will be that the master that produces of the 8th year ice grape is climing;
(8), implement tagging management, red-ticket be as a result climing, the yellow label of master for preparation main climing, white label is main climing for cultivating, be hung on climing the doing.
The present invention adopts administrative skill to remain to have one on the frame face that the master is climing as a result; a preparation is main climing; cultivate main climing for one; many climing circulations substitute, and have guaranteed no matter how winter climate changes, and can both guarantee to ice the stable output of grape; overcome ice grape production and set the difficult problem of body between surviving the winter; guarantee the sustainability that the ice grape is produced, produced high-quality ice grape, realized the production capacity of large-scale planting ice grape.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of ice viticulture overwintering technology, its method is:
(1), covers the rear soil burial winter protection method of gathering in the ranks.
Before soil begins to freeze in the winter time, the place that grape need be got anti-dry frozen ground in the ranks covers with coverings such as corn stalk or straw screen or mat, when temperature reach-8 ℃ of grapes gather finish after, prune immediately, undercarriage, covering that will be in the ranks behind the undercarriage covers on the grape branches and tendrils behind the undercarriage, then soil burial winter protection;
(2), how climing replacement, the soil burial winter protection method:
The ice grape seedlings of new field planting after the slow seedling of grape seedlings survives, stays 4 leaf pinching, after young sprout was sprouted, the young sprout of 3 stalwartnesses of selecting and remain was cultivated climing, the unnecessary young sprout of deciding and is erased, guarantee that 3 masters overgrow long healthy and strong, cut when the winter cuts to main climing abundant ripe position, the normal mature height is generally at 150cm, behind the press strip undercarriage, at coverings such as main climing covering corn stalks, mantle thickness is generally at 20cm, the thick 15cm of earthing on the covering, and the earthing width is at 120cm;
(3), Second Year, grape seedlings is unearthed, added after, the grape of this moment can be yielded positive results, the inflorescence of grape is extractd, guarantee main climing growth, cultivate strong tree, treat that the climing maturity of 3 masters of grape when the winter cuts can reach the calibrated altitude-180cm of hedge frame substantially.Normal undercarriage winter protection in winter.
(4), the 3rd year, the ice grape has just entered to be contained the fruit initial stage, after entering the grape maturity in autumn, the master that the result quantities of selecting and remain is larger is climing not to gather, stay and do the ice grape, all the other two main climingly normally gather, the main climing normal pruning of after gathering two, the undercarriage winter protection, stay the climing and grape of master of doing the ice grape still to be retained on the frame face, assurance stay ice grape the climing base portion of master 35cm must be arranged length in insulating layer, stay on the frame face grape through the dehydration, concentrated, a series of processes such as saccharification are when temperature reaches-8 ℃, pluck, the grape master of ice grape after gathering is climing, and freeze injury might occur, can not guarantee the normal growth in next year, will lead climingly to be attached to nearly anti-dry frozen ground face and to cut off.
(5) the 4th years, grape is except behind the soil, the master of two winter protection is climing normally added, the climing normal result of these two masters then, the climing base portion of cultivation master that stayed upper one year the ice grape to cut off is sprouted sprouting, the stalwartness of in these sproutings, selecting and remain, near cultivation is done newly climing apart from ground, remaining sprouting is erased, and removes the summer bud sublateral shoot, carries out pinching on time, guarantee new climing maturity, when gathering with two as a result in climing one of master gather, another main climing staying is done the ice grape, the winter is when cutting, the climing normal pruning of the master who gathers, newly stay main climingly cut off at fully ripe place, during winter protection, the master is climing and newly stay the climing normal winter protection of master as a result, stay the master who does the ice grape climing at ice after grape gathers, will lead and climingly press close to prevent that dry frozen ground face place cuts off.
(6), the 5th year, only has a climing normally result of master this year, it will be climing as the master who stays the ice grape this year, master climing this year of cultivating upper one year also can the result, it stays the master of ice grape climing as next year, this is climing not to stay fruit, guarantees maturity and the frame face height in this climing this year, stays the ice grape to cut off main climing base portion in the 4th year and selects and remain still that to cultivate into the new master in this year climing for a healthy and strong sprouting.
(7), the 6th year, the master is climing as a result to be still one on the frame face, stays the ice grape production of doing this year, the main climing ice grape production master as the coming year of preparation is climing, one new cultivates main climingly, it will be that the master that produces of the 8th year ice grape is climing;
(8), implement tagging management, with red-ticket hang over as a result the master climing upper, with the yellow label hang over preparation main climing upper, with the white label hang over cultivate main climing on.
Claims (1)
1. ice the viticulture overwintering technology for one kind, it is characterized in that:
(1), covers the rear soil burial winter protection method of gathering in the ranks.
Before winter, soil began to freeze, the place that grape need be got anti-dry frozen ground in the ranks covers with coverings such as corn stalk or straw screen or mat, when temperature reach-8 ℃ of grapes gather finish after, prune immediately, undercarriage, covering that will be in the ranks behind the undercarriage covers on the grape branches and tendrils behind the undercarriage, then soil burial winter protection;
(2), how climing replacement, the soil burial winter protection method:
[1], the ice grape seedlings of new field planting, after the slow seedling of grape seedlings survives, stay the pinching of 4-5 sheet leaf, after young sprout was sprouted, the young sprout of 3 stalwartnesses of selecting and remain was cultivated climing, the unnecessary young sprout of deciding and is erased, guarantee that 3 masters overgrow long healthy and strong, cut when the winter cuts to main climing abundant ripe position, the normal mature height is generally at 120-150cm, behind the press strip undercarriage, at coverings such as main climing covering corn stalks, mantle thickness generally about 20cm, the thick 15cm of earthing on the covering, the earthing width is at 120cm.Without the directly real native winter protection of covering, upper soil thickness should be at 35-40cm;
[2], Second Year, grape seedlings is unearthed, added after, the grape of this moment can be yielded positive results, and the inflorescence of grape is extractd, and guarantees main climing growth, cultivates strong tree, treats that the climing maturity of 3 masters of grape when the winter cuts can reach the calibrated altitude-180cm of hedge frame substantially.Normal undercarriage winter protection in winter;
[3], the 3rd year, the ice grape enters to be contained the fruit initial stage, after entering the grape maturity in autumn, the master that the result quantities of selecting and remain is larger is climing not to gather, stay and do the ice grape, all the other two main climingly normally gather the main climing normal pruning of two after gathering, undercarriage winter protection, stay the climing and grape of master of doing the ice grape still to be retained on the frame face, assurance stay ice grape the climing base portion of master 35cm must be arranged length in insulating layer, stay on the frame face grape through the dehydration, concentrated, a series of processes such as saccharification are when temperature reaches-8 ℃, pluck, the grape master of ice grape after gathering is climing, and freeze injury might occur, can not guarantee the normal growth in next year, will lead climingly pressing close to prevent that the dry frozen ground face cuts off;
[4], the 4th year, grape is except behind the soil, the master of two winter protection is climing normally added, the climing normal result of these two masters then, the climing base portion of master that stayed upper one year the ice grape to cut off is sprouted sprouting, the stalwartness of in these sproutings, selecting and remain, near cultivation is done newly climing apart from ground, remaining sprouting is erased, and removes the summer bud sublateral shoot, carries out pinching on time, guarantee new climing maturity, when gathering with two as a result in climing one of master gather, another main climing staying is done the ice grape, the winter is when cutting, the climing normal pruning of the master who gathers, newly stay main climingly cut off at fully ripe place, during winter protection, the master is climing and newly stay the climing normal winter protection of master as a result, stay the master who does the ice grape climing at ice after grape gathers, will lead and climingly press close to prevent that dry frozen ground face place cuts off.
[5], the 5th year, only has a climing normally result of master this year, it will be climing as the master who stays the ice grape this year, master climing this year of cultivating upper one year also can the result, it stays the master of ice grape climing as next year, this is climing not to stay fruit, guarantees maturity and the frame face height in this climing this year, stays the ice grape to cut off main climing base portion in the 4th year and selects and remain still that to cultivate into the new master in this year climing for a healthy and strong sprouting.
[6], the 6th year, the master is climing as a result to be still one on the frame face, stays the ice grape production of doing this year, the main climing ice grape production master as the coming year of preparation is climing, one new cultivates main climingly, it will be that the master that produces of the 8th year ice grape is climing;
[7], implement tagging management, red-ticket be as a result climing, the yellow label of master for preparation main climing, white label is main climing for cultivating, be hung on climing the doing.
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| CN2011102906500A CN103026940A (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Ice grape culture overwintering technology |
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| CN2011102906500A CN103026940A (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Ice grape culture overwintering technology |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733950A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-04-23 | 刘冠义 | Branch and tendril fixing method and device for wintering and cold resistance of grapes |
| CN103947503A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 张治国 | Grape wintering management method |
| CN104041375A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-17 | 陈年康 | Grape seedling cultivating method |
| CN104082061A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-08 | 辽宁大学 | Treatment method applicable to delayed harvesting of ice grapes in northeast China |
| CN104541904A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-04-29 | 陕西省西安植物园 | Field human assistance overwintering method for barbadoslily |
| CN104982299A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for treating branch lacking and few fruits of grape main vines |
| CN105594550A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-05-25 | 叶鸿钊 | Cultivation method of traminer grapes |
| CN105706845A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-29 | 全椒井府富硒生态牧业有限公司 | Method for covering red-global grapes with soil for overwintering |
| CN105746276A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-13 | 全椒井府富硒生态牧业有限公司 | Low tree-age blueberry soil-covering overwintering method |
| CN107006280A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-04 | 广西现代园林绿化工程种苗有限公司 | The method of the quick restocking of Kiwi berry |
| CN107232021A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-10 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | A kind of cultural method of the red grape of northern ice |
| CN109566255A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-05 | 刘冠义 | A kind of facility grape fall two batches of delays with facilitate two ripe cultural methods |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1568659A (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2005-01-26 | 辽宁亚洲红企业集团 | Growing method of ice grape |
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- 2011-09-29 CN CN2011102906500A patent/CN103026940A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1568659A (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2005-01-26 | 辽宁亚洲红企业集团 | Growing method of ice grape |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733950A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-04-23 | 刘冠义 | Branch and tendril fixing method and device for wintering and cold resistance of grapes |
| CN103947503A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 张治国 | Grape wintering management method |
| CN104041375A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-17 | 陈年康 | Grape seedling cultivating method |
| CN104041375B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-09 | 陈年康 | Grape seedling-cultivating method |
| CN104082061A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-08 | 辽宁大学 | Treatment method applicable to delayed harvesting of ice grapes in northeast China |
| CN104082061B (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2015-12-30 | 辽宁大学 | The processing method of a kind of applicable the Northeast ice grape Delayed harvest |
| CN104541904A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-04-29 | 陕西省西安植物园 | Field human assistance overwintering method for barbadoslily |
| CN104982299B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-02-16 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of method for handling grape main stem and lacking the few fruit of branch |
| CN104982299A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for treating branch lacking and few fruits of grape main vines |
| CN105594550A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-05-25 | 叶鸿钊 | Cultivation method of traminer grapes |
| CN105594550B (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2018-02-06 | 叶鸿钊 | The cultural method of Traminer grape |
| CN105746276A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-13 | 全椒井府富硒生态牧业有限公司 | Low tree-age blueberry soil-covering overwintering method |
| CN105706845A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-29 | 全椒井府富硒生态牧业有限公司 | Method for covering red-global grapes with soil for overwintering |
| CN107006280A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-04 | 广西现代园林绿化工程种苗有限公司 | The method of the quick restocking of Kiwi berry |
| CN107232021A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-10 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | A kind of cultural method of the red grape of northern ice |
| CN107232021B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2020-06-09 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Cultivation method of Beibinghong grapes |
| CN109566255A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-05 | 刘冠义 | A kind of facility grape fall two batches of delays with facilitate two ripe cultural methods |
| CN109566255B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2021-03-16 | 刘冠义 | Facility grape cultivation method for delaying and promoting double cropping |
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Application publication date: 20130410 |