CN103283457B - Drought-resisting batata seedling culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drought-resisting batata seedling culture method, and belongs to the technical field of seedling culture. The method includes the steps of seedling bed selection, seed batata selection and treatment, seeding, film mulching and soil covering, and seedling bed management. After batata seeding, seed batatas are covered with soil of 2-3cm, preferably not exposed, thoroughly watered and mulched with a film, and then the mulching film is covered with a layer of 3-5cm thick soil completely. The drought-resisting batata seedling culture method has the advantages of simplicity, fast batata seedling emergence, seedling emergence orderliness, strong seedlings and good drought-resisting effect.

Description

A kind of method of Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of method of Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field, belong to seedling growing process field.

Background technology:

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.), also known as Ipomoea batatas, sweet potato, sweet potato, pachyrhizus etc., is the annual herb plant of Convolvulaceae sweet potato genus.China is the country that world's sweet potato cultivation area is maximum, output is maximum, and sweet potato is one of China and southwest staple food crop, and nutrient sweet potato is worth high, and potato block is rich in starch, soluble sugar, protein and multivitamin.Sweet Potato For High. yield Production stable yields, wide adaptability, drought-enduring resistance to lean, strong stress resistance, of many uses, being edible, medicinal and forage crop, is again manufacture the industrial crops such as starch, alcohol and sugar.Temperature and moisture are one of the germination of potato block and the essential condition required for the growth of potato seedling, and potato block temperature in the scope of 16-35 DEG C is higher, and germination and emergence is just many soon, and optimal temperature is 28-30 DEG C.If during constant temperature more than 35 DEG C, then potato block is large because of respiratory intensity, consumes nutrient many, easily " the chaff heart " occurs.The relation of the moisture of seedbed soil and potato block root of hair, rudiment, long seedling is very close, moisture number affect temperature and the soil aeration in seedbed simultaneously.Visible, water is one of essential condition of sweet potato nursery.Arid is the very severe problem of current grain-production one of facing, and adopts conventional mulch film covered rearing seedling, effectively can keep bed soil moisture, reduce evaporation, improve bed temperature.But sweet potato nursery is carried out in the xeothermic area little at rainfall, noon, temperature was very high, and it is rotten that temperature in the shed Tai Gaoyi causes the breathing of potato block to strengthen that chaff centre rot occurs, and has a strong impact on and emerge.

For real the problems referred to above, inventor, through repeatedly studying, provides a kind of sweet potatoes earthing drought resisting seedling method.Through literature search, have no the open report identical with the present invention.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is to overcome feature of drought during Feb short of rain, affect the deficiency of sweet potato nursery, and a kind of Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field method that method is simple, Water-saving effect good, emerge fast, the even seedling of seedling is strong is provided.

Sweet potatoes earthing drought resisting seedling method of the present invention, it is the improvement on conventional mulch film covered rearing seedling basis, namely on film, lid layer soil is added again after sweet potato nursery plastic mulching, both the object heating moisturizing had been reached, avoid again the too high impact on potato block and young shoot of temperature in the shed at noon, reach the effect of cooling; When sweet potato emerges simultaneously, seedling meeting bursting film, does not need rupture of membranes to draw seedling, saving of work and time.This overlay film earthing of sweet potato drought resisting seedling method both heated moisturizing, the too high impact that the rudiment of potato block is caused of seedling bed temperature at noon can be avoided again, be beneficial to germination and the growth of seedling of potato block, be that one of conventional mulch film covered rearing seedling is innovated greatly, on studying, the impact of Drought Stress on sweet potato nursery be on the rise is significant.

The step of Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field method of the present invention is as follows:

A. ground, seedbed is selected

Select leeward on the sunny side, loosing soil is fertile, physical features is high and dry, irrigation and drainage plot easily, the wide 120cm of furrow, furrow height 20cm, furrow width 30cm, furrow surrounding ditch is unobstructed;

B. potato seed is selected and process

The heavy 150-200g of menu, epidermis be smooth, be potato seed without damage by disease and insect, the potato block that has no mechanical damage, by potato seed 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid or the disinfection in 20 minutes of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of immersion kinds, pick up and dry rear sowing;

C. seeding

When daily mean temperature after the spring is stabilized in more than 12 DEG C, seeding in 50-60 days before planting, first opens seed furrow by line-spacing 60cm, executes decomposed manure and mix with soil in seed furrow by 1500kg/ mu on seedbed; Then potato seed be tiltedly put in seed furrow by 30 °, upward, down, size potato separately for afterbody for potato seed head; Yampi arranges the shallow row of little potato deeply, accomplishes " upper neat lower uneven ", to ensure that thickness of earth covering is consistent, emerges neat;

D. overlay film earthing

Blinding 2-3cm after seeding, makes potato seed not expose, and waters permeable, covering with plastic film, and then on mulch film, add a cover the thick one deck soil of 3-5cm, is covered tightly by film;

E. seedbed management

Not needing after seeding waters can emerge, and when sweet potato emerges, seedling meeting bursting film, does not need rupture of membranes to draw seedling; Topdress 2-3 time when seedling is neat, spray with weight ratio 0.5% urea liquid or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then rinse cauline leaf 1-2 time with clear water; Until seedling grow to 50-60cm long time can get seedling and plant.

The inventive method has the advantage that method is simple, drought-resistant water-preserving is effective, emerge fast, the even seedling of seedling is strong.

Embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

(1) test period place

Test and carry out in Chuxiong Prefecture Yuanmou County cucumber garden town in March, 2011 to June, soil is red soil, middle fertility.

(2) step of Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field method is with described in summary of the invention part.

(3) nursery of overlay film earthing is emerged on sweet potato and the impact of growth of seedling

After planting, carry out ground temperature, soil water meauring March, after seedling is neat, carry out plant height, measurement that stem is thick.As seen from Table 1: overlay film earthing has heating effect, compared with common method with plastic film, noon temperature in the shed can be avoided too high, have certain cooling effect.As seen from Table 2: the nursery of overlay film earthing and common method with plastic film all have good Water-saving effect.From sowing to number of days of emerging, overlay film earthing is emerged the fastest, and within 14 days, emerge in advance than open country nursery (contrast), common method with plastic film takes second place, and shifting to an earlier date 11 days than open country nursery emerges; The plant of overlay film earthing nursery is higher, stem is comparatively thick, and common overlay film seedling method takes second place, in table 3.

Table 1 5-20cm soil layer ground temperature

Table 2 5-20cm soil moisture content

Emerge number of days, plant height, stem of table 3 slightly compares

(4) conclusion

Result of the test shows: the nursery of overlay film earthing to drought-resistant water-preserving, emerge ahead of time, the even seedling of seedling is strong positive effect, the too high adverse effect to the rudiment of potato block of temperature in the shed at noon can be avoided simultaneously, there is certain cooling effect.

Embodiment 2:

(1) test period place

In March, 2012 to June carries out at Chuxiong Prefecture Yuanmou County unit Ma Zhen, is experimental field red soil, middle fertility.

(2) step of Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field method is with described in summary of the invention part.

(3) nursery of overlay film earthing is emerged on sweet potato and the impact of growth of seedling

After planting, carry out ground temperature, soil water meauring respectively at March, June, after seedling is neat, carry out plant height, measurement that stem is thick.As seen from Table 4: overlay film earthing has heating effect, compared with common method with plastic film, during temperature height at noon, there is certain cooling effect.As seen from Table 5: overlay film earthing and common method with plastic film all have good Water-saving effect.From sowing to number of days of emerging, overlay film earthing is emerged the fastest, and within 19 days, emerge in advance than open country nursery (contrast), common method with plastic film takes second place, and shifting to an earlier date 14 days than open country nursery emerges; The plant of overlay film earthing nursery is higher, stem is comparatively thick, and common overlay film seedling method takes second place, in table 6.

Table 4 5-20cm soil layer ground temperature

Table 5 5-20cm soil moisture content

Emerge number of days, plant height, stem of table 6 slightly compares

(4) conclusion

The nursery of overlay film earthing has good drought-resistant water-preserving effect, can avoid the too high adverse effect to the rudiment of potato block of temperature in the shed at noon simultaneously, have certain cooling effect; Potato block is emerged early; The even seedling of seedling is strengthened.

Claims (1)

1. a method for Sweet Potato Against rice seedling on upland field, is characterized in that the step of the method is as follows:

A. ground, seedbed is selected

Select leeward on the sunny side, loosing soil is fertile, physical features is high and dry, irrigation and drainage plot easily, the wide 120cm of furrow, furrow height 20cm, furrow width 30cm, furrow surrounding ditch is unobstructed;

B. potato seed is selected and process

The heavy 150-200g of menu, epidermis be smooth, be potato seed without damage by disease and insect, the potato block that has no mechanical damage, by potato seed 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid or the disinfection in 20 minutes of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of immersion kinds, pick up and dry rear sowing;

C. seeding

When daily mean temperature after the spring is stabilized in more than 12 DEG C, seeding in 50-60 days before planting, first opens seed furrow by line-spacing 60cm, executes decomposed manure and mix with soil in seed furrow by 1500kg/ mu on seedbed; Then potato seed be tiltedly put in seed furrow by 30 °, upward, down, size potato separately for afterbody for potato seed head; Yampi arranges the shallow row of little potato deeply, accomplishes " upper neat lower uneven ", to ensure that thickness of earth covering is consistent, emerges neat;

D. overlay film earthing

Blinding 2-3cm after seeding, makes potato seed not expose, and waters permeable, covering with plastic film, and then on mulch film, add a cover the thick one deck soil of 3-5cm, is covered tightly by film;

E. seedbed management

Not needing after seeding waters can emerge, and when sweet potato emerges, seedling meeting bursting film, does not need rupture of membranes to draw seedling; Topdress 2-3 time when seedling is neat, spray with weight ratio 0.5% urea liquid or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then rinse cauline leaf 1-2 time with clear water; Until seedling grow to 50-60cm long time can get seedling and plant.