CN102511295A - Cultivation method for improving ground temperature at early spring seedling raising period of sweet potato - Google Patents
Cultivation method for improving ground temperature at early spring seedling raising period of sweet potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN102511295A CN102511295A CN 201110450783 CN201110450783A CN102511295A CN 102511295 A CN102511295 A CN 102511295A CN 201110450783 CN201110450783 CN 201110450783 CN 201110450783 A CN201110450783 A CN 201110450783A CN 102511295 A CN102511295 A CN 102511295A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for improving ground temperature at an early spring seedling raising period of sweet potatoes. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of: excavating ditches according to the row spacing requirement of sweet potato seedling raising in a plastic small arch shed, selecting straw raw materials such as barley bran, rice chaff, wheat straw, corn leaves and the like which are not decomposed, and adding water for wetting, adding compound microbial inoculums and nutrient, replenishing water and agitating; and flatly spreading the evenly agitated straw raw materials at the bottoms of the ditches, stacking to height of 10-20cm and then covering a layer of soil for seedling raising. The cultivation method can greatly improve the ground temperature in the seedling raising shed, the ground temperature can be increased by 3.5 to 6 DEG C at maximum, the temperature is continuously increased for 40-55 days and the accumulated increased temperature is 160-200 DEG C. The early spring seedling raising time of the sweet potatoes can be brought forward by 15-20 days, the yield of the sweet potatoes is improved by 20-30 percent and the economic benefit of the early spring seedling raising of the sweet potatoes is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the arviculture technical field, particularly a kind of cultivation method that improves sweet potato nursery stage in early spring ground temperature.
Background technology
Growing seedlings is the important step that sweet potato produces.Sweet potato is grown seedlings and can in not long period, with less potato kind, cultivate a large amount of potato seedlings and supply production application early spring, in China sweet potato produces, has main meaning.But, cause between nursery stage growth of seedling slower because early spring, ground temperature was low.The past people generally adopt draught animal mule and horse excrement to make heat object crop seedling is improved ground temperature.But, falling sharply of the draught animal number of animals raised in recent years, the mule and horse excrement is the thing be difficult to find less of the amount of becoming, can not satisfy large tracts of land and produce needs.Though favourable method of growing seedlings with heating wire heating in the agricultural production, this method one is to want consumes energy, production cost is higher, the 2nd, and specification requirement is high, and peasant household is not easy to grasp, and has limited its extensive use in sweet potato is grown seedlings early spring.
On the other hand; At present China has become one of maximum country of agricultural organic waste generation in the world, it is reported that the gross annual output of all kinds of agricultural crop straws of China amount of giving birth to reaches more than 700,000,000 tons; Wherein straw is 2.3 hundred million tons; 2.7 hundred million tons of maize straws, 100,000,000 tons of beans and autumn coarse cereals stalks, 100,000,000 tons of peanut and potato class tendril, beet topss etc.The easiest way of handling stalk at present is directly to burn down on the farm.Burning season, once repeatedly taking place to land and the compelled close event of highway, both wasting a large amount of precious resources, bringing severe contamination to environment again because of smog all over the sky causes flight.Therefore the stalk outlet has become a great problem that solution is badly in need of in government department.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is raw material with the agricultural crop straw, through the fermentation that rationally is mixed of stalk, nutritional agents, composite bacteria agent capable and water, increases substantially the cultivation method of ground temperature between sweet potato nursery stage in early spring.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention comprises that the following step plays:
(1), the line-spacing requirement ditching of growing seedlings by the little shed of sweet potato plastics, ditch depth 30-50cm, wide 90-120cm.
(2), the straw raw material that will not become thoroughly decomposed such as wheat bran, rice chaff, wheat straw, straw, maize leaves etc. are short or broken with manual work or mechanical means hand hay cutter, length is at 6-10 centimetre.
(3), that the crushed straws raw material is added water is moistening, adds water-wet at least 18 hours, amount of water is 90～120% of a straw raw material weight.
(4), the stalk after wetting is added composite bacteria agent capable and as the nutritional agents of straw fermentation nitrogen source and add water and carry out spice.Adding compound bacteria dosage is 0.25～0.4% of straw raw material weight, and adding nutritional agents is 0.5～2% of straw raw material weight, and rate of water make-up is 85～100% of a straw raw material weight.
(5), will mix equal stalk and divide bottom of trench, pile high 10～20cm, covering one deck soil then above that can grow seedlings, thickness of earth covering is advisable with 20-25Cm.
Said composite bacteria agent capable is to be mixed by high temperature monad, bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and bacillus licheniformis to form, and the weight ratio of said each component is a high temperature monad 9～13: bacillus subtilis 2～4: Trichoderma 3～4: bacillus licheniformis 2～3.
Said nutritional agents is to be mixed by ammonium bicarbonate for agricultural use and urea to process, and its weight ratio is an ammonium bicarbonate for agricultural use 4～5: urea 1.
Adopt technique scheme, can reach following remarkable result:
1, incites somebody to action the present straw refuse that ecotope is caused severe contamination through rational carbon cycle; Thoroughly solve between sweet potato nursery stage in early spring that ground temperature is lower, a growth of seedling difficult problem slowly; Can increase substantially ground temperature in the seedling growth greenhouse; The highlyest can rise 3.5-6 ℃, persistently overheating 40-55 days, accumulate temperature 160-200 ℃.Adopt the present technique scheme can make sweet potato seedling raise period in early spring shift to an earlier date 15-20 days, potato seedling output improves 20-30%, has significantly improved the economic benefit that sweet potato is grown seedlings early spring.
2, become organic manure after the straw refuse heating is rotted, increase soil fertility, the structure of improving the soil makes pollution source become valuable resource, thereby is expected to explore the new model of a green, organic farm products production.
3, technology of the present invention is simple, and raw material is extensive, and operation is implemented convenient, is accepted by peasant household more easily, help sweet potato grow seedlings early spring produce in wide popularization and application.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is made further specific descriptions:
Be the consumption of every square metre of ditch floor space among the embodiment.
Embodiment 1: get 10 kilograms of the straw raw material that do not become thoroughly decomposed such as wheat bran, rice chaff, wheat straw, straw, maize leaves etc., 0.04 kilogram of composite bacteria agent capable, 0.1 kilogram of nutritional agents.The line-spacing requirement ditching of growing seedlings by the little shed of sweet potato plastics earlier, ditch depth 50cm, wide 90cm.Again stalk is cut up with a hay cutter weak point or is broken for length 6-10 centimetre with manual work or mechanical means, add 10kg water-wet 18 hours.Stalk after moistening is added composite bacteria agent capable and nutritional agents, and then add water 9kg, composite bacteria agent capable and nutritional agents and stalk material are mixed be mixed even.For make composite bacteria agent capable, nutritional agents evenly with contact, also can composite bacteria agent capable and nutritional agents be dissolved in water in advance, be sprinkled upon on the stalk with this solution.Divide bottom of trench with mixing equal stalk, pile high 10～20cm, covering one deck soil then above that can grow seedlings, and thickness of earth covering is advisable with 20-25Cm.
In stalk pile fermentation process, composite bacteria agent capable is big to the fermentation calefaction influence, and nutritional agents is big to the duration influence.Through improving the composite bacteria agent capable adding proportion, ground temperature can significantly raise on 1st in the present embodiment, the highlyest can promote 4-6 ℃, persistently overheating 35-45 days, accumulated temperature 160-180 ℃.
Embodiment 2: get 10 kilograms of the straw raw material that do not become thoroughly decomposed such as wheat bran, rice chaff, wheat straw, straw, maize leaves etc., 0.025 kilogram of composite bacteria agent capable, 0.2 kilogram of nutritional agents.The line-spacing requirement ditching of growing seedlings by the little shed of sweet potato plastics earlier, ditch depth 40cm, wide 120cm.Again stalk is cut up with a hay cutter weak point or is broken for length 6-10 centimetre with manual work or mechanical means, add 10kg water-wet 18 hours.Stalk after moistening is added composite bacteria agent capable and nutritional agents, and then add water 9kg, composite bacteria agent capable and nutritional agents and stalk material are mixed be mixed even.For make composite bacteria agent capable, nutritional agents evenly with contact, can composite bacteria agent capable and nutritional agents be dissolved in water in advance, be sprinkled upon on the stalk with this solution.Divide bottom of trench with mixing equal stalk, pile high 10～20cm, covering one deck soil then above that can grow seedlings, and thickness of earth covering is advisable with 20-25Cm.
In stalk pile fermentation process, composite bacteria agent capable is big to the fermentation calefaction influence, and nutritional agents is big to the duration influence.Through improving the nutritional agents adding proportion, ground temperature can slowly raise on 3 in the present embodiment, the highlyest can rise 3.5-5 ℃, persistently overheating 40-55 days, accumulated temperature 180-200 ℃.
Claims (3)
1. a cultivation method that improves sweet potato nursery stage in early spring ground temperature is characterized in that, comprises that the following step plays:
(1), the line-spacing requirement ditching of growing seedlings by the little shed of sweet potato plastics, ditch depth 30-50cm, wide 90-120cm;
(2), the straw raw material that will not become thoroughly decomposed such as wheat bran, rice chaff, wheat straw, straw, maize leaves etc. are short or broken with manual work or mechanical means hand hay cutter, length is at 6-10 centimetre;
(3), that the crushed straws raw material is added water is moistening, adds water-wet at least 18 hours, amount of water is 90～120% of a straw raw material weight;
(4), the stalk after wetting is added composite bacteria agent capable and as the nutritional agents of straw fermentation nitrogen source and add water and carry out spice; Adding compound bacteria dosage is 0.25～0.4% of straw raw material weight; Adding nutritional agents is 0.5～2% of straw raw material weight, and rate of water make-up is 85～100% of a straw raw material weight;
(5), will mix equal stalk and divide bottom of trench, pile high 10～20cm, covering one deck soil then above that can grow seedlings, thickness of earth covering is advisable with 20-25Cm.
2. a kind of cultivation method that improves sweet potato nursery stage in early spring ground temperature according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said composite bacteria agent capable is to be mixed by high temperature monad, bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and bacillus licheniformis to form, and the weight ratio of said each component is a high temperature monad 9～13: bacillus subtilis 2～4: Trichoderma 3～4: bacillus licheniformis 2～3.
3. a kind of cultivation method that improves sweet potato nursery stage in early spring ground temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said nutritional agents is to have ammonium bicarbonate for agricultural use and urea to be mixed to process, and its weight ratio is an ammonium bicarbonate for agricultural use 4～5: urea 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110450783 CN102511295A (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Cultivation method for improving ground temperature at early spring seedling raising period of sweet potato |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110450783 CN102511295A (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Cultivation method for improving ground temperature at early spring seedling raising period of sweet potato |
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| CN102511295A true CN102511295A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102845213A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-02 | 山西省农业科学院玉米研究所 | Sweet potato seedling raising method |
| CN103283457A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 云南农业大学 | Drought-resisting batata seedling culture method |
| CN105594421A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | Tillage method for covering sweet potato ridges and ditches with oilseed rape straw |
| CN106717722A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 张恩荣 | A kind of chromium-rich sweet potato interplants the cultural method of Chinese mesona herb |
| CN108668817A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-10-19 | 常宁百茂佳果农业开发有限公司 | The big cave cultural method of sweet potato |
-
2011
- 2011-12-29 CN CN 201110450783 patent/CN102511295A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102845213A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-02 | 山西省农业科学院玉米研究所 | Sweet potato seedling raising method |
| CN103283457A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 云南农业大学 | Drought-resisting batata seedling culture method |
| CN106717722A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 张恩荣 | A kind of chromium-rich sweet potato interplants the cultural method of Chinese mesona herb |
| CN105594421A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | Tillage method for covering sweet potato ridges and ditches with oilseed rape straw |
| CN108668817A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-10-19 | 常宁百茂佳果农业开发有限公司 | The big cave cultural method of sweet potato |
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Application publication date: 20120627 |