CN101759466A - Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste - Google Patents
Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN101759466A CN101759466A CN200810208211A CN200810208211A CN101759466A CN 101759466 A CN101759466 A CN 101759466A CN 200810208211 A CN200810208211 A CN 200810208211A CN 200810208211 A CN200810208211 A CN 200810208211A CN 101759466 A CN101759466 A CN 101759466A
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- rice
- wheat straw
- straw waste
- fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microbiological treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste, belonging to the technical field of resources and environment. On the basis of the study on the composition and properties of the rice/wheat straw waste, the invention provides the method for the rice/wheat straw waste to be stacked in a centralized manner and to be transplanted with a compound microbe for fermentation so as to carry out pollution-free treatment. Under the function of the compound microbe which is composed of bacillus subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus, continuous fermentation and temperature rising are carried out on the rice/wheat straw waste; at the same time as harmful pathogens are killed, the rice/wheat straw waste is decayed after being completely decomposed, so as to obtain excellent organic fertilizer. The treatment method is simple in processing, and the waste is recycled. Therefore, the treatment method in the invention is an ideal one that accords with the national conditions, needs low cost and can effectively treat the rice/wheat straw waste in cities and suburbs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of treatment process of rice/wheat straw waste, be meant the treatment process of harvested paddy rice and wheat stalk waste especially.
Background technology
Above Haiti district is an example, the eighties in last century, the rice wheat straw volume of comprehensive utilization is bigger, reaches 70～80% of stalk quantum of output, be mainly the life in the countryside fuel wood, cross also also field and sideline production braiding processing use of field, stack retting of abdomen as animal feed, remaining stalk is as producing pulpwood.Agrotechnical department has also carried out the also test spread in field of rice wheat straw, and the accumulative total popularizing area reaches 1,800,000 mu times, and every mu of field amount 150～200kg has also played very big effect to the soil organism and nutritive element additional.But to the middle and later periods nineties, with growth in the living standard, the utilization ratio of straw from village reduces, and a large amount of stalks are piled in the field, and the incident of arbitrarily burning often has generation, causes topsoil.The end of the nineties, also field Study on Technology demonstration popularization of stalk mechanize has been carried out in Shanghai City, the beginning of this century, whole city's stalk by mechanical disintegration after also the ratio in field account for whole city's rice wheat seeds and plant about 80% of area, in recent years, because the continuous rise in price of diesel oil, cost heightened, the enthusiasm that the peasant uses is not high, remains government department to strengthen encouraging.
The Shanghai rice wheat straw still has 50～60% also not to be used effectively, and major cause one is a farming season season contradiction, between the regrowth hair timed interval very short, stalk is handled the labor force and is not caught up with.Particularly the back straw-returning is cut in two wheat harvests, causes the paddy field soil reduction potential too strong in a short time behind the rice planting, influences seedling growth.The 2nd, diesel oil is constantly raised the price in recent years, carries out straw chopping and returning and causes cost to promote, and the displeased continuation of peasant is promoted.The 3rd, lack the rice wheat straw field and urge rotten method and technology fast, also lack stalk simultaneously and urge rotten microbiobacterial agent.Therefore, rice wheat straw treatment of wastes produced and utilization will cause enough attention, and this minimizing and resource utilization to rubbish in the new countryside construction can be significant.
Summary of the invention
At the problem in the above-mentioned field, the present invention passes through the composition of rice/wheat straw waste, the research of proterties, a kind of method of rice/wheat straw waste being concentrated inoculating complex microorganism fermentation the carrying out harmless treatment of banking up, the fertilizer of scale generation simultaneously is provided, this method technology is simple, make waste obtain the resource utilization recycle, be a kind of low cost that tallies with the national condition, efficiently handle the Perfected process of city suburbs rice/wheat straw waste.
This method comprises the steps:
1), rice/wheat straw waste is pulverized (particle diameter≤2cm) and after removing impurity (iron wire, stone, plastics, clod etc.) concentrate stacking with stalk crasher;
2), the straw refuse after will pulverizing pours in the steel basin and carries out the adjusting of moisture content and C/N with wet cow dung, moisture is adjusted to 65%-75%, C/N=22: about 1.
3), adding 0.3% complex microorganism ferments; Described complex microorganism is made of for 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1 by weight subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus; Wherein the subtilis viable bacteria is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g; Clostridium is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g; Rhizopus is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g.
4), Primary Fermentation is kept in turning.Complex microorganism utilizes the organism that decomposes easily to carry out nutrition and breeding earlier, produces CO
2And water, produce heat simultaneously compost is heated up rapidly; To 60-75 ℃, kill pathogenic bacteria, worm's ovum, grass-seed etc.; This process is carried out the turning controlled temperature by stack turner and is fallen after rise from low to high and gradually, and in order to improve the harmless treatment degree, this stage will keep 10-15 days at least.Rising in this stage owing to temperature makes the moisture of material be about 45%-50% after Primary Fermentation.；
5), afterripening fermentation.Delivering to the afterripening fermentation field through the compost after the Primary Fermentation, to continue heap rotten, do not divide to take off organism and continue to decompose in the one time fermentation process, and gradate and be more stable matured compost.When the compost internal temperature was stabilized in below 40 ℃, the afterripening fermentation stage finished, and obtains organic fertilizer product after crushing and screening.
Described compound biological bacterium add-on is 0.3% of a waste gross weight, and the fermentative processing time is 15-25 days.
Described complex microorganism is 1: 1: 1 by the weight ratio of subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus.
Described Primary Fermentation condition is for to ferment more than 10 days under 60 ℃～75 ℃ temperature.
The present invention is directed to the composition of rice/wheat straw waste, make straw refuse obtain harmless treatment in composite microbial effect bottom fermentation intensification by subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus, and become thoroughly decomposed after rice/wheat straw waste is fully decomposed, obtain the high-quality fertilizer material.
The additional proportion of subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus can adjust preferred 1: 1: 1 slightly according to the waste composition.
The present invention adopts the fermentation technique of complex microorganism, makes a kind rice/wheat straw waste obtain harmless treatment and generates fertilizer simultaneously, and waste obtains utilization ratio and the added value that the resource utilization recycle has improved agricultural resource greatly, reduces environmental pollution simultaneously; Total nutrient content 〉=6% of the fertilizer that obtains, organic content 〉=45% is higher than domestic similar level.Technology of the present invention is simple to operation, is a kind of very practical technological method, has tangible economic benefit and great social significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 process flow sheet of the present invention
Embodiment
The used biological bacteria of the present invention is commercially available.
Subtilis: viable count is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g;
Clostridium: viable count is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g;
Rhizopus: viable count is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g.
Embodiment 1
Compound biological bacterium proportioning (subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus are 0.9: 1: 1.1 by weight)
The 1000Kg rice/wheat straw waste is poured in the steel basin, added wet cow dung 300Kg, stir, regulate water content to 68%, C/N=22: 1; Add again and be transferred to fermentation plant after the 30Kg compound biological bacterium stirs and carry out Primary Fermentation; Begin turning when temperature rises to more than 60 ℃, controlled temperature is 60 ℃～70 ℃ scopes, and fermenting changed afterripening fermentation over to after 10 days, and the compost internal temperature is lower than 40 ℃ after 8 days, fermentation ends; Crush and screen with the chain type pulverizer, obtaining total nutrient is 6.7%, and organic matter is 48% finished product fertilizer 620Kg.
Embodiment 2
Compound biological bacterium proportioning (subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus are 1: 1: 1 by weight)
The 2000Kg rice/wheat straw waste is poured in the steel basin, added wet cow dung 500Kg, stir, it is about 70% to regulate water content, C/N=23: 1; Add again and be transferred to fermentation plant after the 60Kg compound biological bacterium stirs and carry out Primary Fermentation; Begin turning when temperature rises to more than 60 ℃, controlled temperature is 60 ℃～70 ℃ scopes, and fermenting changed afterripening fermentation over to after 12 days, and the compost internal temperature is lower than 40 ℃ after 10 days, fermentation ends; Crush and screen with the chain type pulverizer, obtaining total nutrient is 6.5%, and organic matter is 47% finished product fertilizer 1100Kg.
Embodiment 3
Compound biological bacterium proportioning (subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus are 1: 1.1: 0.9 by weight)
The 3000Kg rice/wheat straw waste is poured in the steel basin, added wet cow dung 920Kg, stir, regulate water content to 72%, C/N=21: 1; Add again and be transferred to fermentation plant after the 45Kg compound biological bacterium stirs and carry out Primary Fermentation; Begin turning when temperature rises to more than 60 ℃, controlled temperature is 60 ℃～70 ℃ scopes, and fermenting changed afterripening fermentation over to after 20 days, and the compost internal temperature is lower than 40 ℃ after 4 days, fermentation ends; Crush and screen with the chain type pulverizer, obtaining total nutrient is 7.0%, and organic matter is 48% finished product fertilizer 1800Kg.
Claims (6)
1. the rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing generates the method for fertilizer, comprises the steps:
1), rice/wheat straw waste is pulverized (particle diameter≤2cm) and after removing impurity (iron wire, stone, plastics, clod etc.) concentrate stacking with stalk crasher;
2), the straw refuse after will pulverizing pours in the steel basin and carries out the adjusting of moisture and C/N with wet cow dung, moisture is adjusted to 65%-75%, C/N=22: about 1.
3), adding 0.3% complex microorganism ferments; Described complex microorganism is made of for 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1 by weight subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus; Wherein the subtilis viable bacteria is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g; Clostridium is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g; Rhizopus is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than the g.
4), Primary Fermentation is kept in turning.Complex microorganism utilizes the organism that decomposes easily to carry out nutrition and breeding earlier, produces C0
2And water, produce heat simultaneously and make compost be warming up to 60-75 ℃ rapidly, kill pathogenic bacteria, worm's ovum, grass-seed etc.; This process is carried out the turning controlled temperature by stack turner and is fallen after rise from low to high and gradually, and in order to improve the harmless treatment degree, this stage need keep 10-15 days.Rising in this stage owing to temperature makes the moisture of material be about 45%-50% after Primary Fermentation.
5), afterripening fermentation.Delivering to the afterripening fermentation field through the compost after the Primary Fermentation, to continue heap rotten, do not divide to take off organism and continue to decompose in the one time fermentation process, and gradate and be more stable matured compost.When the compost internal temperature was stabilized in below 40 ℃, the afterripening fermentation stage finished, and obtains organic fertilizer product after crushing and screening.
2. the method with rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing generation fertilizer according to claim 1, described moisture content is adjusted to 65%-75%, and described C/N is adjusted to 22: 1.
3. the method with rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing generation fertilizer according to claim 1, described complex microorganism add-on is 0.3% of a waste weight.
4. according to claim 1 the rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing is generated the method for fertilizer, described complex microorganism is to form at 1: 1: 1 by subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus by weight.
5. the method with rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing generation fertilizer according to claim 1, described main condition is 60 ℃～75 ℃, the Primary Fermentation time is 10-15 days.
6. according to claim 1 the rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing is generated the method for fertilizer, described afterripening fermentation condition is an internal temperature when being stabilized in below 40 ℃, and the afterripening fermentation stage finishes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102082119A CN101759466B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste |
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| CN2008102082119A CN101759466B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste |
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| CN101759466A true CN101759466A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| CN101759466B CN101759466B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102167631A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-08-31 | 中国农业大学 | Plug seedling matrix and application thereof |
| CN102173912A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-09-07 | 山东鲁虹农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cave-applied fertilizer |
| CN102321677A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-01-18 | 雷震 | Method for manufacturing biogas and organic fertilizer by straw |
| CN102432357A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 江苏春晖乳业有限公司 | Fermentation method for wheat straw and cow dung mixed composite |
| CN102453676A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-05-16 | 嘉兴学院 | Straw starter and use of the straw starter in straw fermentation |
| CN102875230A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2013-01-16 | 杨天奇 | Organic carbon dioxide (CO2) plant nutrition agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN102939878A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-27 | 延边高丽有机大米开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating rice |
| CN103922824A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 安徽省淮北市农药厂 | Method for preparing foliar fertilizer with coproduct feed or organic fertilizer through wheat straws |
| CN104630320A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-20 | 梁亨 | Crop straw recycling method |
| CN110249965A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-20 | 新疆农业大学 | Eggplant cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, eggplant implantation methods |
| CN112411234A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-26 | 黑龙江进化树生物科技有限公司 | Biological pollution-free pulping method of corn straws |
| CN112726266A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for treating straw and paper pulp obtained by method |
| CN113080120A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Method for breeding crayfish after composting, fermenting and returning rice straw to field |
| CN113215202A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 深高蓝德环保科技集团股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste and straw powder combined anaerobic fermentation method and device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569757A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Amino acid biological organic fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN1702059A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-11-30 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for manufacturing fertilizer by utilizing organic waster materials from cattle farm |
-
2008
- 2008-12-25 CN CN2008102082119A patent/CN101759466B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569757A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Amino acid biological organic fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN1702059A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-11-30 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for manufacturing fertilizer by utilizing organic waster materials from cattle farm |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102453676A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-05-16 | 嘉兴学院 | Straw starter and use of the straw starter in straw fermentation |
| CN102453676B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-09-04 | 嘉兴学院 | Straw starter and use of the straw starter in straw fermentation |
| CN102173912B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-05-09 | 山东鲁虹农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cave-applied fertilizer |
| CN102173912A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-09-07 | 山东鲁虹农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cave-applied fertilizer |
| CN102167631A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-08-31 | 中国农业大学 | Plug seedling matrix and application thereof |
| CN102167631B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2014-04-23 | 中国农业大学 | Plug seedling matrix and application thereof |
| CN102432357A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 江苏春晖乳业有限公司 | Fermentation method for wheat straw and cow dung mixed composite |
| CN102321677A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-01-18 | 雷震 | Method for manufacturing biogas and organic fertilizer by straw |
| CN102875230A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2013-01-16 | 杨天奇 | Organic carbon dioxide (CO2) plant nutrition agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN102939878A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-27 | 延边高丽有机大米开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating rice |
| CN103922824A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 安徽省淮北市农药厂 | Method for preparing foliar fertilizer with coproduct feed or organic fertilizer through wheat straws |
| CN104630320A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-20 | 梁亨 | Crop straw recycling method |
| CN110249965A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-20 | 新疆农业大学 | Eggplant cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, eggplant implantation methods |
| CN112411234A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-26 | 黑龙江进化树生物科技有限公司 | Biological pollution-free pulping method of corn straws |
| CN112726266A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for treating straw and paper pulp obtained by method |
| CN113080120A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Method for breeding crayfish after composting, fermenting and returning rice straw to field |
| CN113215202A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 深高蓝德环保科技集团股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste and straw powder combined anaerobic fermentation method and device |
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| CN101759466B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190801 Address after: No. 9 Huiqing Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120 Patentee after: Shanghai Heqing pitaya Technology Development Co. Ltd. Address before: 201210 Shanghai City, Pudong New Area Sunqiao road 558 Lane 20 Patentee before: Shanghai BaiSen Biological Technology Co,.Ltd. |
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