CN101759466B - Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste - Google Patents
Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN101759466B CN101759466B CN2008102082119A CN200810208211A CN101759466B CN 101759466 B CN101759466 B CN 101759466B CN 2008102082119 A CN2008102082119 A CN 2008102082119A CN 200810208211 A CN200810208211 A CN 200810208211A CN 101759466 B CN101759466 B CN 101759466B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microbiological treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste, belonging to the technical field of resources and environment. On the basis of the study on the composition and properties of the rice/wheat straw waste, the invention provides the method for the rice/wheat straw waste to be stacked in a centralized manner and to be transplanted with a compound microbe for fermentation so as to carry out pollution-free treatment. Under the function of the compound microbe which is composed of bacillus subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus, continuous fermentation and temperature rising are carried out on the rice/wheat straw waste; at the same time as harmful pathogens are killed, the rice/wheat straw waste is decayed after being completely decomposed, so as to obtain excellent organic fertilizer. The treatment method is simple in processing, and the waste is recycled. Therefore, the treatment method in the invention is an ideal one that accords with the national conditions, needs low cost and can effectively treat the rice/wheat straw waste in cities and suburbs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of process of rice/wheat straw waste, refer to especially the treatment process of harvested paddy rice and wheat stalk waste.
Background technology
Take District of Shanghai as example, the eighties in last century, the rice wheat straw volume of comprehensive utilization is larger, reaches 70～80% of stalk quantum of output, be mainly the life in the countryside fuel wood, as animal feed, cross also also field and sideline production braiding processing use of field, stack retting of abdomen, remaining stalk is as producing pulpwood.Agrotechnical department has also carried out the also test spread in field of rice wheat straw, and the accumulative total popularizing area reaches 1,800,000 mu times, goes back field amount 150～200kg, the supplementary of the soil organism and nutritive element played a significant role for every mu.But to the middle and later periods nineties, with growth in the living standard, the utilization ratio of straw from village reduces, and a large amount of stalks are piled in field, and the event of arbitrarily burning often has generation, causes topsoil.The end of the nineties, the research Demonstration And Extension of Straw Crushed for Reclaiming technology has been carried out in Shanghai City, the beginning of this century, whole city's stalk by mechanical disintegration after also the ratio in field account for 80% left and right that whole city's rice wheat seeds are planted area, in recent years, because the continuous rise in price of diesel oil, cost increased, the enthusiasm that the peasant uses is not high, remains government department to strengthen encouraging.
The Shanghai rice wheat straw still has 50～60% also not to be used effectively, and major cause one is farming season season contradiction, between regrowth hair the timed interval very short, stalk is processed the labor force and is not caught up with.Particularly straw-returning after two wheat harvestings, cause the paddy field soil reduction potential too strong in a short time after rice planting, affects seedling growth.The 2nd, diesel oil is constantly raised the price in recent years, carries out straw chopping and returning and causes cost to promote, and the displeased continuation of peasant is promoted.The 3rd, lack the rice wheat straw field and urge fast rotten method and technology, also lack stalk and urge rotten microbiobacterial agent simultaneously.Therefore, rice wheat straw treatment of wastes produced and utilization will cause enough attention, and this minimizing to rubbish in new countryside construction and resource utilization can be significant.
Summary of the invention
For the problem in above-mentioned field, the present invention passes through the composition of rice/wheat straw waste, the research of proterties, providing a kind of concentrates the inoculating complex microorganism fermentation of banking up to carry out the method for harmless treatment, the fertilizer of scale generation simultaneously rice/wheat straw waste, the method technique is simple, make waste obtain the resource recycling utilization, be a kind of low cost tallied with the national condition, efficiently process the Perfected process of city suburbs rice/wheat straw waste.
The method comprises the steps:
1), with stalk crasher, rice/wheat straw waste pulverized to (particle diameter≤2cm) and removed rear the concentrating of impurity (iron wire, stone, plastics, clod etc.) and stack;
2), the straw refuse after pulverizing is poured in steel basin and carried out the adjusting of moisture content and C/N with wet cow dung, moisture is adjusted to 65%-75%, C/N=22: 1 left and right.
3), add 0.3% complex microorganism to be fermented; Described complex microorganism consists of for 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1 by weight subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus; Wherein the subtilis viable bacteria is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g; Clostridium is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g; Rhizopus is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g.
4), turning maintains Primary Fermentation.Complex microorganism first utilizes the labile organism of appearance to carry out nutrition and breeding, produces CO
2and water, produce heat simultaneously compost is heated up rapidly; To 60-75 ℃, kill pathogenic bacteria, worm's ovum, grass-seed etc.; This process is carried out turning control temperature by stack turner and is fallen after rise from low to high and gradually, and in order to improve the harmless treatment degree, this stage at least will keep 10-15 days.Rising in this stage due to temperature, make the moisture of material be about 45%-50% after Primary Fermentation.；
5), afterripening fermentation.Compost after Primary Fermentation is delivered to the continuation of afterripening fermentation field and is piled corruption, does not divide in the one time fermentation process and takes off organism continuation decomposition, and gradate as more stable matured compost.When the compost internal temperature is stabilized in below 40 ℃, the afterripening fermentation stage finishes, and after crushing and screening, obtains organic fertilizer product.
Described compound biological bacterium add-on is 0.3% of waste gross weight, and the fermentative processing time is 15-25 days.
Described complex microorganism is 1: 1: 1 by the weight ratio of subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus.
Described Primary Fermentation condition for to be fermented more than 10 days at 60 ℃～75 ℃ temperature.
The present invention is directed to the composition of rice/wheat straw waste, heat up and make straw refuse obtain harmless treatment at the composite microbial effect bottom fermentation by subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus, and become thoroughly decomposed after rice/wheat straw waste is fully decomposed, obtain the organic fertilizer of high-quality.
The additional proportion of subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus can form and slightly adjust according to waste, preferably 1: 1: 1.
The present invention adopts the fermentation technique of complex microorganism, makes a kind rice/wheat straw waste obtain harmless treatment and generates fertilizer simultaneously, and waste obtains utilization ratio and the added value that the resource recycling utilization has improved agricultural resource greatly, simultaneously environmental contamination reduction; The total nutrient content of the fertilizer obtained >=6%, organic content >=45%, higher than domestic similar level.Technique of the present invention is simple to operation, is a kind of very practical technological method, has obvious economic benefit and important social effect.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process flow sheet of the present invention
Embodiment
The present invention's biological bacteria used is commercially available.
Subtilis: viable count is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g;
Clostridium: viable count is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g;
Rhizopus: viable count is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g.
Embodiment 1
Compound biological bacterium proportioning (subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus are 0.9: 1: 1.1 by weight)
The 1000Kg rice/wheat straw waste is poured in steel basin, added wet cow dung 300Kg, stir, regulate water content to 68%, C/N=22: 1; Be transferred to fermentation plant after adding again the 30Kg compound biological bacterium to stir and carry out Primary Fermentation; Start turning when temperature rises to more than 60 ℃, control temperature 60 ℃～70 ℃ scopes, after fermenting 10 days, proceed to afterripening fermentation, after 8 days the compost internal temperature lower than 40 ℃, fermentation ends; With the chain type pulverizer, crush and screen, obtaining total nutrient is 6.7%, the finished product fertilizer 620Kg that organic matter is 48%.
Embodiment 2
Compound biological bacterium proportioning (subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus are 1: 1: 1 by weight)
The 2000Kg rice/wheat straw waste is poured in steel basin, added wet cow dung 500Kg, stir, regulate water content approximately 70%, C/N=23: 1; Be transferred to fermentation plant after adding again the 60Kg compound biological bacterium to stir and carry out Primary Fermentation; Start turning when temperature rises to more than 60 ℃, control temperature 60 ℃～70 ℃ scopes, after fermenting 12 days, proceed to afterripening fermentation, after 10 days the compost internal temperature lower than 40 ℃, fermentation ends; With the chain type pulverizer, crush and screen, obtaining total nutrient is 6.5%, the finished product fertilizer 1100Kg that organic matter is 47%.
Embodiment 3
Compound biological bacterium proportioning (subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus are 1: 1.1: 0.9 by weight)
The 3000Kg rice/wheat straw waste is poured in steel basin, added wet cow dung 920Kg, stir, regulate water content to 72%, C/N=21: 1; Be transferred to fermentation plant after adding again the 45Kg compound biological bacterium to stir and carry out Primary Fermentation; Start turning when temperature rises to more than 60 ℃, control temperature 60 ℃～70 ℃ scopes, after fermenting 20 days, proceed to afterripening fermentation, after 4 days the compost internal temperature lower than 40 ℃, fermentation ends; With the chain type pulverizer, crush and screen, obtaining total nutrient is 7.0%, the finished product fertilizer 1800Kg that organic matter is 48%.
Claims (2)
1. the rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing generates the method for fertilizer, comprises the steps:
1), with stalk crasher, rice/wheat straw waste is pulverized and removed after impurity and concentrate and stack;
2), the straw refuse after pulverizing is poured in steel basin and carried out the adjusting of moisture and C/N with wet cow dung, moisture is adjusted to 65%-75%, C/N=22: 1 left and right;
3), add complex microorganism to be fermented, described complex microorganism add-on is 0.3% of waste weight; Described complex microorganism consists of for 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1 by weight subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus; Wherein the subtilis viable bacteria is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g; The clostridium viable bacteria is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g; The rhizopus viable bacteria is 1.0 * 10
10(cfu)/more than g;
4), turning maintains Primary Fermentation: complex microorganism first utilizes the labile organism of appearance to carry out nutrition and breeding, produces CO
2and water, produce heat simultaneously and make compost be warming up to rapidly 60-75 ℃, kill pathogenic bacteria, worm's ovum, grass-seed; This process is carried out turning control temperature by stack turner and is fallen after rise from low to high and gradually, and this stage need keep 10-15 days, and the moisture that makes material is 45%-50% after Primary Fermentation;
5), afterripening fermentation: the compost after Primary Fermentation is delivered to the afterripening fermentation field, and to continue heap rotten, there is no the organism continuation decomposition of minute taking off in the one time fermentation process, and gradate as more stable matured compost; When the compost internal temperature is stabilized in below 40 ℃, the afterripening fermentation stage finishes, and after crushing and screening, obtains organic fertilizer product.
2. rice/wheat straw waste fermentative processing according to claim 1 generates the method for fertilizer, and described complex microorganism is to form at 1: 1: 1 by subtilis, clostridium and rhizopus by weight.
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| CN2008102082119A CN101759466B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste |
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| CN2008102082119A CN101759466B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Treatment method for rice/wheat straw waste |
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| CN101759466A CN101759466A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| CN101759466B true CN101759466B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102453676B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-09-04 | 嘉兴学院 | Straw starter and use of the straw starter in straw fermentation |
| CN102173912B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-05-09 | 山东鲁虹农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cave-applied fertilizer |
| CN102167631B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2014-04-23 | 中国农业大学 | Plug seedling matrix and application thereof |
| CN102432357A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 江苏春晖乳业有限公司 | Fermentation method for wheat straw and cow dung mixed composite |
| CN102321677A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-01-18 | 雷震 | Method for manufacturing biogas and organic fertilizer by straw |
| CN102875230A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2013-01-16 | 杨天奇 | Organic carbon dioxide (CO2) plant nutrition agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN102939878B (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-10-08 | 延边高丽有机大米开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating rice |
| CN103922824A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 安徽省淮北市农药厂 | Method for preparing foliar fertilizer with coproduct feed or organic fertilizer through wheat straws |
| CN104630320A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-20 | 梁亨 | Crop straw recycling method |
| CN110249965A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-20 | 新疆农业大学 | Eggplant cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, eggplant implantation methods |
| CN112411234A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-26 | 黑龙江进化树生物科技有限公司 | Biological pollution-free pulping method of corn straws |
| CN112726266A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for treating straw and paper pulp obtained by method |
| CN113080120A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Method for breeding crayfish after composting, fermenting and returning rice straw to field |
| CN113215202A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 深高蓝德环保科技集团股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste and straw powder combined anaerobic fermentation method and device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569757A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Amino acid biological organic fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN1702059A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-11-30 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for manufacturing fertilizer by utilizing organic waster materials from cattle farm |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569757A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Amino acid biological organic fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN1702059A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-11-30 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for manufacturing fertilizer by utilizing organic waster materials from cattle farm |
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Effective date of registration: 20190801 Address after: No. 9 Huiqing Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120 Patentee after: Shanghai Heqing pitaya Technology Development Co. Ltd. Address before: 201210 Shanghai City, Pudong New Area Sunqiao road 558 Lane 20 Patentee before: Shanghai BaiSen Biological Technology Co,.Ltd. |