CN105255777B - Utilize the method for pig manure and mushroom residue production biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a microorganism Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 used for high-efficiency and rapid fermentation of pig manure and mushroom dregs and a process method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation; the preservation number of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 is CGMCC No.11333, and the used Fermented pig manure and mushroom slag of the above-mentioned strains can be quickly decomposed in 18-22 days, and the physical and chemical indicators meet the new standards of organic fertilizers; The bio-organic fertilizer with the function of prevention and control fundamentally solves the problems of the current production of agricultural and animal husbandry manure and straw waste residues, as well as the long fermentation time and high cost of composting, and promotes the sustainable development of agricultural production.

Description

Method for producing bio-organic fertilizer by utilizing pig manure and mushroom slag

technical field

The invention relates to a production method for obtaining bio-organic fertilizer by using agricultural and animal husbandry waste to turn waste into treasure, and belongs to the field of organic fertilizer biotechnology.

Background technique

Pig farming is the largest pillar industry of animal husbandry in my country, and pork is the most consumed meat in my country. In 2014, 735.1 million pigs were slaughtered in my country, and the output of pork was 56.71 million tons. However, large-scale pig raising brings a lot of pig manure, and every 100 kg pigs discharge up to 10 kg of feces and urine per day. The smell of pig manure is disgusting, and the parasite eggs exceed the standard. It is not suitable to be directly used as fertilizer, let alone be discharged at will. At present, the processing methods of pig manure include biogas fermentation method, composting fermentation method, direct returning method and so on. For example, Qin Yinglin used Japanese EM bacteria to disclose a "method for producing organic fertilizer by using pig manure", publication number: CN103964942A; Huang Jianguo invented "a method for processing pig manure to produce organic fertilizer" by using solar energy to isolate the wet room , Publication No.: CN101279861B. The biogas fermentation method requires a large investment, and it also faces the harmless treatment of biogas slurry and biogas residue. Natural fermentation and composting takes too long, and often takes more than 3-6 months to complete; the direct returning method is limited in strength and slow in action, which will have adverse effects on the mentality and body of the fertilizer, and will burn the seedlings if used improperly. It can be seen that the efficient, rapid resourceful and harmless treatment of pig manure and the transformation of pig manure into treasure have become increasingly prominent environmental problems.

In addition, China's mushroom production has reached 70.6% of the world's total mushroom production in 2002, becoming the world's largest mushroom producer, consumer and exporter. In 2014, the output of mushrooms in China was close to 9 million tons, and the amount of waste residue after mushroom production was huge, reaching more than 15 million tons. It is an organic resource that can turn waste into treasure. Mushroom residue is mainly composed of corncobs, sawdust, bran, etc. , High cellulose and hemicellulose content, loose texture, used to adjust the structure of the soil after fermentation, prevent soil compaction, has a good conditioning effect.

Recycling and marketization of agricultural waste has become a hot spot in the field of agricultural applications. There are many related research reports. The country is gradually accumulating and forming relatively scientific, practical and operable processes, technologies and methods. For example, the Institute of Plant Protection Soil and Fertilizer of the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences applied for an invention patent (Application No. CN201210307075) of "a dual-effect bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases of crops and its production method". There are more than 10 kinds of species, and because there are many bacterial strains, it is difficult to control the ebb and flow in the microbial fermentation process, which is not convenient for the actual operation of agricultural production.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a process for producing bio-organic fertilizer by quickly and efficiently fermenting pig manure and mushroom dregs. Pig manure and mushroom dregs are quickly decomposed and deodorized by Bacillus subtilis Lys-979; Probiotics that antagonize or inhibit crop harmful fungi (such as rice sheath blight, Fusarium, Aspergillus flavus, tobacco black shank, etc.), such as Bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.2495, or Bacillus subtilis Lys-67, or insect Inhibitory strain Bacillus thuringiensis AS1.433. Obtain bio-organic fertilizers that not only have fertilizer efficiency but also prevent and control crop diseases and insect pests, and turn waste from agricultural and animal husbandry polluted resources into treasure, and realize it through the following steps.

Therefore, the first invention object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 (Bacillus subtilis), wherein said Lys-979 bacterial strain has been deposited in the General Microorganism Center of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms on September 08, 2015 , deposit number: CGMCC No.11333, depositor address: No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

(1) The present invention provides a high-temperature rapid fermentation bacterial agent.

Obtaining of the fermentation strain Lys-979: It was isolated from corn stalks, rice straw, and tobacco piles at high temperature in the Yunyuan Garden of Hunan Agricultural University. After morphological identification and 16S RNA evolution tree molecular identification, the strain Lys-979 was Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 (Bacillus subtilis) was deposited in the General Microorganism Center of China Committee for the Collection of Microorganisms on September 8, 2015, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.11333. It is characterized in that: the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 strain is high, the inoculated solid fermentation agent is greater than 20 billion/g, or the liquid fermentation agent is greater than 10 billion/mL; Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 fermented compost The temperature rises quickly. In summer, after 2 days of composting, the temperature in the heap can reach above 60°C, and in 3-5 days, the temperature of composting can reach above 78°C, which is conducive to the rapid decomposition of the base material. In winter, after composting for 3 days, the composting temperature can reach above 55°C, and in 4-5 days, the composting temperature can reach above 65°C, which is conducive to the rapid maturity of the base material; Hours, the viability remained at 80%.

Preparation of the fermented strain Lys-979 liquid production species: In a preferred preparation example of the fermented bacterial agent of the present invention, the bacterial agent can be completed by three-stage seed liquid fermentation.

For the preparation of shake flask seeds, inoculate one loop of strain Lys-979 test tube slant into four 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks, the medium formula is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 7.0, water 250mL, sterilized at 121°C for 25min; 40 ℃, 200rpm fermentation for 12-18 hours, the number of bacteria can reach 5-10 billion/mL.

The preparation of the first-class seeds, the total 1000mL of bacterial strain Lys-979 shake flask seed solution is inoculated into a 15L fermenter by 1:10 (v/v) aseptically, and the medium formula is 0.5% of yeast extract, 2.0% of glucose, GP330 defoamer 0.03%, pH 7.0, tap water 10L, filling volume about 75%, sterilized at 121°C for 25 minutes, air flow (1:1, v/v), fermented at 40°C, 200rpm for 12-15 hours, The number of bacteria reached 5 to 10 billion/mL.

The preparation of the secondary seeds, strain Lys-979 primary seeds 10L, transplanted in the 150L fermenter by 1:10 (v/v) aseptic operation pipeline; Its culture medium formula is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0% , GP330 defoamer 0.03%, pH 7.0, tap water 100L, liquid volume about 75%, sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes; air flow (1:1, v/v), fermented at 40°C, 100rpm for 12-15 hours , the number of bacteria reached 8 to 10 billion/mL.

The preparation of the three-level seed, 100L of the secondary seed of the bacterial strain Lys-979, is transplanted in the 2000L fermenter by 1:10 (v/v) aseptic operation pipeline, and the medium formula is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamer 0.03%, pH 7.0, tap water 1000L, sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes; air flow (1:1, v/v), 40°C, 50rpm fermentation for 12-15 hours, the number of bacteria is more than 10 billion/ mL, it can be used as a pig manure composting fermentation liquid bacterial agent.

In another preferred preparation example of the solid fermentation bacterial agent of the present invention, the bacterial agent can be fermented by using shake flask liquid seeds and two-stage solid seeds.

For the preparation of shake flask seeds, inoculate one loop of strain Lys-979 test tube slant into four bottles of 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks, several, the medium formula is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 7.0, water 250mL, sterilized at 121°C for 25min ; Ferment at 40°C, 200rpm for 12-18 hours, and the number of bacteria can reach 5-10 billion/mL.

For the preparation of first-grade solid seeds, 1000mL of the strain Lys-979 shake flask seed liquid was inoculated into 200 bottles of 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks aseptically at 1:40 (w/w), with 100g of culture medium in each bottle; the formula of the culture medium was bran 25% skin, 25% mushroom dregs, 50% water, natural pH, sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes; fermented at 37°C for 24-36 hours, the number of bacteria can reach 10-20 billion/g.

For the preparation of secondary solid seeds, inoculate the first-grade solid seeds of strain Lys-979 into 200 plates of 40cm×60cm×5cm stainless steel shallow dishes according to 1:40 (w/w) aseptically, with 4kg of culture medium in each dish; The base formula is 25% bran, 25% mushroom dregs, 50% water, natural pH, sterilized at 124°C for 40 minutes; fermented at 37°C for 36-48 hours, air-dried to a water content of 6%-8%, and the number of bacteria More than 20 billion/g (dry weight), it can be used as a solid fermentation agent for pig manure composting.

(2) The present invention provides a kind of technological method of fermenting decomposed pig manure-mushroom dregs rapidly and efficiently.

Selection of fermentation yard: choose an open large-scale fermentation rain shelter for the fermentation yard. The fermentation shed has a clear height of more than 4 meters, unlimited length and width, and is open and ventilated around; For stacking, there is a 40-60cm sidewalk for each ridge; or it is stacked in the fermentation shed with a trough, and tracks are laid on both sides of the trough, which is convenient for the compost turner to turn and mix back and forth. The fermented base material is 3-6 meters wide, 1.2-1.8 meters high and more than 20 meters long.

Preparation of organic fertilizer fermentation base material and inoculation of fermentation bacteria: mix fresh pig manure with a water content of 65% to 80% with mushroom dregs with a water content of less than 20% in a ratio of 6:1 to 8:1, and adjust the water content To 50% ~ 60%, at the same time spray and inoculate Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 three-level liquid seeds, the inoculation amount is 1 ton of mixed material to inoculate 2000mL of Lys-979 liquid starter; or mix and inoculate Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 two-level solid seeds , the inoculation amount is 1 ton of mixed material to inoculate 1 kg of Lys-979 liquid starter, mix the bacterial agent Lys-979 with the material evenly to make organic fertilizer fermentation base material, and pile the base material into a ridge shape, or pile it on the fermentation In the tank, the organic fertilizer is mainly fermented by heat-resistant Bacillus Lys-979 and a small amount of original microbial raw material in the base material.

Turn over the compost to increase oxygen and quickly decompose: 2 to 3 days before the composting fermentation, cover the fermentation base material with plastic film, keep warm and moisturize, and accelerate the temperature rise. Use a forklift (ridge-type fermentation pile) or track-type turning machine (trough-type fermentation pile) to turn the pile, turn the pile once every 2 to 3 days, and keep the pile temperature above 60 for more than 5 days. In summer, it only takes 12 to 15 days to complete the rapid decomposition of the fermentation base material; in winter, it only takes 18 to 22 days to complete the rapid decomposition of the fermentation base material, and the fermentation cycle is greatly shortened compared with natural fermentation and other production methods.

Compost quality control: control the compost fermentation temperature, fermentation time, and turning times, so that the water content of the compost is less than 30%, the color is black, and it is odorless; other physical and chemical indicators meet the new standard NY525-2011 for organic fertilizers. Compounding process of antibacterial fertilizer.

(3) The present invention also provides a preparation method of biological control bacterial fertilizer.

At the end of composting fermentation, when the water content is lower than 30%, the color is black, odorless, the compost temperature is lower than 40°C, and other physical and chemical indicators meet the national organic fertilizer industry standards, add biological control functional bacteria to the decomposed base material , use a compost turner or forklift to mix evenly, and then sieve and mix through a 10-mesh vibrating screen to make different types of biological control organic fertilizers.

Preferably, the biological control functional bacterial agent can be commercially available Bacillus thuringiensis AS1.433 bacterial agent, add 5 kg of spore-containing 40 billion/g bacterial agent per ton of organic fertilizer, and mix it to prevent lepidoptera Biological organic fertilizer for insects of order and Coleoptera, which contains 200 million Bacillus thuringiensis/g.

Preferably, the biological control functional bacterial agent can be the patent strain CGMCC No.2495 of Changsha Shuidisha Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the bacterial agent of 100 billion spores/g is purchased under the authorized item, and the organic fertilizer per ton Add 2 kg of spore-containing 100 billion/g bacterial agent, and mix it to make a special organic fertilizer that can prevent Aspergillus flavus from harming peanuts, which contains 200 million Bacillus subtilis that antagonizes Aspergillus flavus.

Preferably, the biological control functional bacterial agent can be purchased from the biological science laboratory of Hunan Agricultural University Lys-67, an antagonistic strain of rice sheath blight, is fermented and produced by itself to produce 20 billion/g bacterial agent, Add 10kg of bacterial agent containing 20 billion spores/g to each ton of organic fertilizer, and mix it to make a special organic fertilizer that can prevent rice sheath blight from harming rice.

The biological control bacterial fertilizer, its basic characteristics include organic fertilizer sensory and physical and chemical indicators are in line with the new standard of organic fertilizer NY525-2011, that is, organic matter content ≥ 45%, total nutrient ≥ 5%, water content ≤ 30%, pH5 .5 to 8.5, egg mortality ≥ 98%, fecal coliform number ≤ 50/g; per kilogram of dry matter, arsenic As ≤ 30, mercury Hg ≤ 30, lead Pb ≤ 100, cadmium Cd ≤ 3, Chromium Cr ≤ 300; also specifically increase the bio-control Bacillus, the number of viable bacteria ≥ 200 million / g.

Technical advantages:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages and technical progress in the aspects of rapidly decomposing agricultural and animal husbandry waste pig manure and mushroom slag, biological control of crop diseases and insect pests, and improvement of soil structure.

First, the starter has simple components, fast and efficient fermentation effect, simplified process and site, friendly environment and convenient practical operation. Example 7 From the experimental results in Table 1, it can be seen that the Lys-979 single starter of the present invention, combined with the fiber-degrading fungus inherent in mushroom dregs, can achieve the effect of multi-bacteria fermentation. It is obviously better than the commercially available EM mixed bacteria starter, the fermentation temperature is higher by more than 6°C, the fermentation cycle is shortened by 5 days, and the time cost is reduced. The investment in the fermentation site is relatively flexible. If there are economic conditions, track-turning tank fermentation can be used. The fermentation workshop site can use a steel frame structure without sealing; the fermentation site can also use a forklift to turn the pile for fermentation. The simple greenhouse with galvanized pipes and color steel tiles is small in investment and fixed costs are reduced. Therefore, it is especially suitable for in-situ fermentation production in large-scale pig farms, which can not only reduce the cost of pig manure transportation, but also avoid the impact of pig manure transportation on the lives of surrounding residents and environmental pollution; through rapid fermentation, pig manure and mushroom dregs can be turned into treasures, There is no discharge of waste water and waste residue, achieving the effect of killing two birds with one stone.

The second is that the product has multiple functions. In addition to the fertilizer effect, which can increase crop production and income, it can also reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. At the same time, it can improve the soil structure, prevent soil agglomeration and degradation, and ensure sustainable production of cultivated land. Examples 11, 12, and 13 of the present invention, Tables 2, 3, and 4 results show that the application of the bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention generally has the function of increasing production, and the rice yield increase rate is greater than 4%, and the peanut yield increase rate is greater than 10%. At the same time, due to the compounding of functional strains, such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis, which are internationally recognized probiotic strains, they are harmless to humans, livestock and crops, so they have the function of preventing and controlling crop diseases and insect pests; especially beneficial to the prevention and control of diseases Among them, the control rate of rice sheath blight is 69.7%, and the control rate of peanut fungal infection is 73.1%. The results in Table 5 of Example 15 of the present invention show that due to the loose combing of pig manure-mushroom dregs, the application of the bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention significantly reduces the soil bulk density to 1.03g/cm ³ , and the degree of agglomeration of soil particles of <0.01mm increases to as high as 94.1 %. The use of the product has remarkable effects in improving soil structure, preventing soil caking and degradation, enhancing soil water retention and aeration, and promoting soil microbial activities.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with examples, but it is not limited to any one of these examples or similar examples.

Embodiment 1, Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 obtains

The high-temperature-resistant Bacillus Lys-979 was isolated from corn stalks, rice straw, and tobacco piles in Yunyuan, Hunan Agricultural University. After morphological identification and 16S RNA evolution tree molecular identification, the strain Lys-979 was Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis). Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 was deposited in the General Microorganism Center of China Committee for the Collection of Microorganisms on September 8, 2015, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.11333.

Embodiment 2, the preparation of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 liquid fermentation bacterial agent

Inoculate one loop of strain Lys-979 test tube slant into four 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks. The medium formula is 0.5% yeast extract, 2.0% glucose, pH 7.0, 250mL water, sterilized at 121°C for 25min; fermented at 40°C at 200rpm for 12～ It takes 18 hours, and the number of bacteria reaches 5-10 billion/mL, and it is prepared into shake flask seeds; then 1000mL of strain Lys-979 shake flask seed solution is inoculated to 15L for fermentation according to 1:10 (v/v) aseptic operation In the tank, the formula of the medium is 0.5% of yeast extract, 2.0% of glucose, 0.03% of GP330 defoamer, pH 7.0, 10L of tap water, about 75% of liquid content, sterilized at 121°C for 25 minutes, ventilation (1:1, v /v), 40°C, 200rpm fermentation for 12-15 hours, the number of bacteria reached 5-10 billion/mL, prepared into first-class seeds; further 10L of strain Lys-979 first-class seeds, according to 1:10 (v/ v) Transplant into a 150L fermenter through aseptic operation; the medium formula is 0.5% of yeast extract, 2.0% of glucose, 0.03% of GP330 defoamer, pH 7.0, 100L of tap water, about 70% of liquid content, 121°C Sterilize for 30 minutes; ventilation rate (1:1, v/v), 40°C, 100rpm fermentation for 12-15 hours, the number of bacteria can reach 8-10 billion/mL, and prepare secondary seeds; finally strain Lys- 979 secondary seeds 100L, transplanted into a 2000L fermenter according to 1:10 (v/v) aseptic operation, the medium formula is 0.5% yeast extract, 2.0% glucose, 0.03% GP330 defoamer, pH 7.0, 1000L of tap water, sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes; ventilation (1:1, v/v), 40°C, 50rpm, fermented for 12-15 hours, the number of bacteria is more than 10 billion/mL, and prepared into third-grade seeds. As a liquid fermentation agent for pig manure composting.

Embodiment 3, the preparation of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation bacterial agent

Inoculate one loop of strain Lys-979 test tube slant into four 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks, several, the medium formula is 0.5% yeast extract, 2.0% glucose, pH 7.0, 250mL water, sterilized at 121°C for 25min; fermented at 40°C, 200rpm It takes 12-18 hours, and the number of bacteria reaches 5-10 billion/mL, and prepared into shake flask seeds; then inoculate 1000mL of strain Lys-979 shake flask seed solution according to 1:40 (w/w) aseptic operation to In 200 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, each bottle contains 100g of culture medium; the medium formula is 25% bran, 25% mushroom dregs, 50% water, natural pH, sterilized at 121°C for 30min; fermented for 24-36 hours at 37°C , the number of bacteria reached 10-20 billion/g, and prepared into first-class solid seeds; finally, the strain Lys-979 first-class solid seeds were aseptically inoculated to 200 plates of 40cm×60cm×5cm according to 1:40 (w/w) In a shallow stainless steel plate, 4kg of culture medium per plate; the medium formula is 25% bran, 25% mushroom dregs, 50% water, natural pH, sterilized at 124°C for 40min; 37°C, fermented for 36-48 hours, airflow Dried to a water content of 6% to 8%, the number of live bacteria is greater than 20 billion/g (dry weight), and prepared into secondary solid seeds, which can be used as a solid fermented bacterial agent for pig manure composting.

Embodiment 4, the heat resistance test of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation bacterial agent

Treat 100 g of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation agent with a viable count of 20 billion/g in an incubator at 80° C. for 24 hours, and measure the viable count before and after treatment. The results show that after Lys-979 solid fermentation agent is treated in an incubator at 80°C for 24 hours, the number of viable bacteria still reaches 16.2 billion/g, and the survival rate reaches 81%, which shows that the fermentation agent is resistant to high temperature and is conducive to high-temperature composting fermentation.

Embodiment 5, the fast decomposing of pig manure, mushroom dregs

104 tons of fresh pig manure (with a water content of about 65%) and 18 tons of Pleurotus eryngii slag (with a water content of about 15%) were placed in a fermented canopy that is open, ventilated and unsealed, 32 meters long, 24 meters wide, and 4.5 meters high. %) mixed with a forklift, mixed evenly to make fermentation base material, while mixing, 1 kg of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid starter was inoculated per ton of pig manure-mushroom slag mixture, and the number of viable bacteria in the starter was greater than 200 100 million pieces/g; then stack the base materials in ridges, each ridge of fermented base materials is 3 meters wide, 1.2 meters high, and 25 meters long, with 40 cm sidewalks left on each ridge, and the base materials are covered with plastic film to start composting and fermentation. During this period, the temperature of the pile core was measured with a plunger-type thermometer with a length of more than 1 meter. The temperature was measured once a day. After 2 days of fermentation, the pile temperature reached 49°C. Fermentation reached 68°C for 5 days, and then continued to heat up, reaching a maximum of 78°C. The water evaporated continuously during the fermentation and composting process; during summer composting, high-temperature water vapor was also clearly visible. After 11 days of fermentation, the temperature began to drop. After several times of compost turning, the water content was lower than 30% in 14 days, the fermentation base material turned black, the odor was significantly reduced, and the fermentation was basically completed.

Embodiment 6, the fast decomposing of pig manure, mushroom dregs

In another open, ventilated and unsealed frame-type fermentation canopy with a length of 40 meters, a width of 28 meters and a height of 6 meters, 218 tons of fresh pig manure (about 60% water content) and 42 tons of Pleurotus eryngii slag ( Water content is about 15%), evenly poured into a tank-type fermentation tank with a width of 4 meters, a height of 2 meters, and a length of 30 meters, mixed back and forth with an orbital turning machine, and mixed to make a fermentation base material, which is 1.5 meters high. While mixing, inoculate 2 kg of Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 liquid starter per ton of pig manure-mushroom dregs mixture, and the number of live bacteria in the starter is greater than 10 billion/mL; the base material pile is covered with plastic film, and composting fermentation begins. During the period, use a plunger-type thermometer with a rod length longer than 1 meter to measure the core temperature of the pile, and measure it once a day. After 2 days of fermentation, the pile temperature reaches 45°C. Remove the plastic film and turn the pile. After 5 days of fermentation, the pile temperature reaches 60°C; The temperature reaches 68°C in the sky, and the highest reaches 73°C. After that, the temperature continues to rise, and the water is continuously volatilized during the fermentation and turning of the pile; during the turning of the pile in winter, the high-temperature water vapor is also clearly visible. After 13 days of fermentation, the temperature began to drop. After several times of compost turning, the water content was lower than 30% in 18 days, the fermentation base material turned black, the odor was significantly reduced, and the fermentation was basically completed.

Embodiment 7, the impact of different leavening agents on the fast decomposing of pig manure and mushroom dregs

In another open, ventilated and unsealed fermentation canopy, 10 tons of pig manure-mushroom slag (6:1, w/w) fermentation base material was prepared in each ridge for 3 ridges, each ridge was 1 meter high and 3 meters wide. About 6 meters long. In summer, do not inoculate inoculum as control (ck), inoculate commercially available EM fermentation inoculum and inoculate Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 liquid starter contrast test respectively, and its fermentation and decomposing results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Comparison of the time and temperature of rapid decomposition of pig manure and mushroom dregs by different starters

compost number Inoculant compost maximum temperature full maturity time 1 No inoculation (natural fermentation) 47°C more than 40 days 2 Inoculation of EM bacteria 67°C 24 days 3 Inoculation of Lys-979 starter 73°C 19 days

It can be seen from Table 1 that the effect of inoculated starter is better than that of natural fermentation, and the fermentation time is greatly shortened; the maximum temperature difference of the stack temperature of Lys-979 liquid starter is 6°C higher than that of commercially available EM starter, and the fermentation cycle is shortened by 5 days , 19 days to complete the organic fertilizer decomposing.

Embodiment 8, the preparation of biological control functional biological organic fertilizer

At the end of composting fermentation, when the water content is lower than 30%, the color is black, there is no obvious odor, and the compost temperature is lower than 40°C, the commercially available 40 billion/g Bacillus thuringiensis AS1.433 bacterial agent, organic per ton Add 5kg of bacterial agent to the fertilizer, mix it, pass through a 10-mesh vibrating sieve, and pack it into the warehouse after passing the test to obtain 100 tons of bio-organic fertilizer that can prevent and control Lepidoptera and Coleoptera insects, which contains 200 million Bacillus thuringiensis/g .

Embodiment 9, the preparation of biological control functional biological organic fertilizer

At the end of composting fermentation, when the water content is lower than 30%, the color is black, there is no obvious odor, and the compost temperature is lower than 40°C, buy 1000 spores from the patented strain CGMCC No.2495 of Changsha Shuidisha Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 100 million/g of bacteria agent, add 2kg of bacteria agent per ton of organic fertilizer under the authorized item, mix through a 10-mesh vibrating sieve, pack and put it in the warehouse after passing the pass, and make 60 tons of special organic fertilizer that can prevent Aspergillus flavus from harming peanuts. It contains 200 million/g of Bacillus subtilis antagonizing Aspergillus flavus.

Embodiment 10, the preparation of biological control functional biological organic fertilizer

At the end of compost fermentation, when the water content is lower than 30%, the color is black, there is no obvious odor, and the compost temperature is lower than 40°C, the rice sheath blight antagonist strain Lys-67 was purchased from the Bioscience Laboratory of Hunan Agricultural University. Self-fermented and produced 20 billion pieces/g of solid bacterial agents under this item, adding 10kg of bacterial agents per ton of organic fertilizer, mixed through a 10-mesh vibrating sieve, packaged and put into storage after passing the test, and prepared rice that can prevent rice sheath blight damage 120 tons of special organic fertilizer, which contains 200 million Bacillus subtilis/g that can resist rice sheath blight.

Embodiment 11, the application effect of the special organic fertilizer of embodiment 8 control Lepidoptera, Coleoptera insect

Select two rice test fields a and b with a high incidence of insect pests in the past, each with 10 mu; among them, test field a applies 150 kg of biocontrol bacterial fertilizer containing 200 million Bacillus thuringiensis/g per mu before the tillering stage, and test field b in Before the tillering stage, 150 kg of organic fertilizer without Bacillus thuringiensis was applied per mu as a control, and 5 points were taken according to the diagonal method, and 200 plants were taken at each point, and the rice yield and rice plant insect damage rate of the same number of plants and the same area were measured. See Table 2.

Table 2. Effects of bio-control bio-organic fertilizers on rice yield and pest control

It can be seen from Table 2 that the application of organic fertilizer containing Bacillus thuringiensis has a certain effect on increasing rice yield, and the control rate of insect pests is 47.9%.

Embodiment 12, the application effect of the special organic fertilizer of embodiment 9 preventing and treating Aspergillus flavus harming peanut

In addition, select dry land peanut test field c, two each of d, 1 mu each; wherein test field c uses 200 kg of biocontrol bacterial fertilizer containing the bacterial strain CGMCC No.2495 (200 million/g) of antagonistic aflatoxin per mu in the early stage of sowing, In the experimental field d, in the early stage of sowing, 200 kg of organic fertilizer without strains of antagonistic Aspergillus flavus was applied per mu as a control, and 5 points were taken according to the diagonal method, and 50 plants were taken at each point, and the peanut yield and fungal effect of the same number of plants and the same area were measured. See Table 3 for the infection rate of peanut pods.

Table 3. Effect of bio-control bio-organic fertilizer on peanut yield and control of fungal infection

It can be seen from Table 3 that the application of organic fertilizer containing Bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.2495 has a significant effect on the yield of peanuts, and the control rate of fungi is as high as 73.1%.

Embodiment 13, the application effect of the special organic fertilizer of embodiment 10 preventing and treating sheath blight

Select paddy test field e in addition, each two of f, each 2 mu; Wherein test field e applies the biocontrol bacterial fertilizer 150kg containing Bacillus subtilis Lys-67 (200 million/g) per acre before the tillering stage, test field f is in Before the tillering stage, apply 150 kg of organic fertilizer without Bacillus subtilis Lys-67 per mu as a control, take 5 points according to the diagonal method, and take 100 plants at each point, and measure the yield and sheath blight of rice with the same number of plants and the same area Incidence rate, the results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Effects of bio-control bio-organic fertilizers on rice yield and control of sheath blight

It can be seen from Table 4 that the application of organic fertilizer containing Bacillus subtilis Lys-67 has a greater effect on increasing rice yield, and the control rate of sheath blight is 69.7%.

Example 14, the effect of pig manure-mushroom dregs biocontrol organic fertilizer on improving soil aggregates

In addition, three rice test fields g, h, and i were selected, each with 20 square meters, and peanuts were sown; the test field g used pig manure-mushroom dregs biocontrol organic fertilizer (containing Aspergillus flavus antagonistic strain CGMCC No.2495) in the early stage of sowing. , 200,000,000/g) 5kg, experimental field h applied commercially available common organic fertilizer 5kg in the early stage of sowing, experimental field i applied 2.5kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 2.5kg of urea in the flowering and pod stage respectively, after harvesting, press the diagonal Take 5 points by the line method, take 500g soil samples at each point, and measure the natural bulk density of the soil and the agglomeration degree of ﹤0.01mm soil particles. The percentage of soil particles, the results are shown in Table 5. It can be seen from Table 5 that the bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention has the lowest soil bulk density of 1.03g/cm ³ , and the agglomeration degree of <0.01mm soil particles is as high as 94.1%, followed by commercially available organic fertilizers, and chemical fertilizers are the worst. It shows that the bio-control bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention has remarkable effects in improving soil structure, preventing and controlling soil caking degradation, enhancing soil water retention and aeration, and promoting soil microbial activities.

Table 5, the effect of pig manure-mushroom dregs biocontrol organic fertilizer on soil structure improvement

Claims (2)

1. adopt bacillus subtilis Lys-979 to produce the method for anti-type bio-organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that realize by following technique: ⑴ Raw material preparation and inoculation: Fresh pig manure with a water content of 65% to 80% is mixed with mushroom dregs with a water content of less than 20% at a ratio of 6:1 to 8:1, and the water content is adjusted to 50% to 60%. While stirring, inoculate the Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 bacterial classification, the inoculation amount is 1 kg of the Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid bacterial classification inoculated with 1 ton of mixed material, and the number of live bacteria in the solid bacterial classification is greater than 20 billion/g, making organic fertilizer fermentation base material; (2) Composting fermentation: The organic fertilizer fermentation base material is stacked in the fermentation shed according to the ridge or trough type. The fermentation shed has a clearance height of more than 4 meters, the length and width are not limited, and the surroundings are open and ventilated; the fermentation base material is 4-8 meters wide and 1.0- 1.5 meters, length greater than 20 meters; 2 to 3 days before composting fermentation, cover the fermentation base material with plastic film, keep warm and moisturize, accelerate the temperature rise, and remove the plastic film when the core temperature reaches above 45°C; ⑶ Turn over the pile to increase oxygen and quickly decompose: when the pile core temperature reaches 55°C or higher, use a forklift or track-type pile turner to turn the pile, turn once every 2 to 3 days, and keep the pile temperature above 60°C for more than 5 days; ⑷ Compost quality control: control the compost fermentation temperature, fermentation time, and turning times, so that the water content of the compost is less than 30%, the color is black, and the physical and chemical indicators meet the organic fertilizer standards; ⑸ Compounding of bio-control bacterial fertilizers. After the compost quality reaches the organic fertilizer standard, compound with corresponding functional bio-control strains as needed. The number of live bacteria of the bio-control strains can reach more than 200 million/g, and the quality can be packaged and put into storage; The Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 was deposited on September 8, 2015 in the General Microorganism Center of China Committee for the Collection of Microorganisms, and the preservation number is CGMCCNo. 11333. 2. the method adopting bacillus subtilis Lys-979 to produce anti-type bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the product of the bio-organic fertilizer that described method produces except reaching organic fertilizer standard NY525-2011, i.e. : Organic matter content ≥ 45%, total nutrient ≥ 5%, water content ≤ 30%, pH 5.5-8.5, egg mortality ≥ 98%, fecal coliform ≤ 50/g; per kg of dry matter, Arsenic As≤30, mercury Hg≤30, lead Pb≤100, cadmium Cd≤3, chromium Cr≤300; corresponding functional biocontrol strains have also been added, and the functional biocontrol strains are resistant to rice sheath blight, Fusarium, Aspergillus flavus, Bacillus subtilis CGMCCNo.2495 which can inhibit tobacco black shank, or Bacillus thuringiensis AS1.433 which inhibits insects, the number of viable bacteria is more than 200 million/g.