CN107586226A - Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107586226A CN107586226A CN201710878506.6A CN201710878506A CN107586226A CN 107586226 A CN107586226 A CN 107586226A CN 201710878506 A CN201710878506 A CN 201710878506A CN 107586226 A CN107586226 A CN 107586226A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- straw
- stalk
- ratio
- excrement
- organic fertilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 39
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256113 Culicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001655322 Streptomycetales Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009363 floriculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009661 flower growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer, methods described, comprise the following steps：Ratio-dependent step, according to carbon-nitrogen ratio, determine the ratio of stalk and human or animal's excrement；Step is humidified, according to identified ratio, stalk and the excrement of human or animal is added into fermentor and humidified；Preheating step, the temperature of the material of stalk and the excrement of human or animal composition is set to reach preheating temperature；Strain adds step, adds strain；Fermentation step, fermented；Secondary fermentation step, material is taken out from fermentor, carry out after-ripening.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Green Development organic fertilizer technical field, and in particular to a kind of straw organic fertilizer and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
Agricultural organic waste lacks effective processing means at present, and environmental pollution has a great influence, such as crop straw burning is led
Air pollution is caused, the problems such as stalk bundling reprocessing rate deficiency.With national correlation department, local government actively promote and
Support energetically and the development of domestic baler, crop straw burning phenomenon are alleviated.But straw utilization rate is very low, only less than
20% stalk is used for generating, bio-fuel, stock keeping etc..Remaining 80% agricultural crop straw, which burns, causes air pollution,
In field, accumulation is rotted, otherwise the polluted source in river course.
Meanwhile there is serious contamination phenomenon for agricultural organic waste.Currently, Chinese agriculture resource environment suffer from outer
The dual-pressure of source contact scar and contaminating endogenous, agricultural sustainable development meet with bottleneck.Agricultural wastes, which are handled, at present is all
The methods of using burial, burning, discarding, direct returning to farmland, the edge of a field stack retting, industrial composting, fermentation is slow, and temperature is low, it is difficult to kill
Pest and disease damage, do not matched reasonably, fertilizer efficiency is low, and processing time length, place takes big, outdoor processing, sewage four after raining
Stream, second of pollution is big, easily triggers environment event, causes the wasting of resources.
Meanwhile farmland also there is largely being polluted using inorganic fertilizer the problem of.Containing a large amount of in a large amount of inorganic fertilizers
Heavy metal, mainly have Zn, Cu, Co and Cr etc..Long-term use causes heavy metals in soil to be enriched with, and harmful to human is good for
Health.Edaphon has conversion organic matter, decomposes the effect of mineral and noxious material.With nitrogenous fertilizer in the inorganic fertilizer that the country applies
Based on, and the amount of application of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and organic fertilizer is low, this can reduce the quantity and activity of edaphon.Apply for a long time in addition
It can accelerate soil acidification with inorganic fertilizer, accelerate Ca, Mg element from arable layer leaching, so as to reduce degree of base saturation and soil fertilizer
Power.
As the world commerce process of integration is accelerated, Chinese agriculture product is largely gone abroad, and people are also more closed
Note the safety of food, health, green.The China that develops into of bio-feritlizer provides the market opportunity, disclosure satisfy that Chinese organic agriculture
On the one hand product provides job, another aspect agricultural cultivation cost is low, sells to the demand of organic fertilizer for friend peasant
Price height is sold, is the increased income of peasant.
Current settling mode is to utilize technology and equipment by agricultural wastes harmless treatment and Fertilizer Transformed, such as raw
Thing fertilizer machine, first, solving pollution problem, second, creating certain economic benefit to peasant.The preparation method of organic fertilizer be by
Caused crops thing stalk, animal wastes etc. carry out fast and harmless processing in agricultural production, reach and kill agriculture give up completely
Disease pest and weed in gurry, functional form organic fertilizer is made, after being manured into soil, various nutrients and beneficial microbe are in active shape
State, environment is not only cleaning of, can also supplement substantial amounts of organic nutrition element and organic matter, improved soil, effectively control crops
Soil-borne disease.Realize four changes.First, change thick fertile returning to the field as the fertile returning to the field of essence, throw out that disorderly to burn be clean manufacturing without care second, changing, three
It is that to change Traditional compost be biology with fertilizer, poorly efficient is utilized as efficiently utilizing fourth, changing.
For example, Chinese patent application CN201410160028.1 discloses a kind of straw prepared using straw bulking thing as raw material
Stalk fertilizer, it adds wheat cake powder in straw bulking thing or rapeseed cake powder, phosphorus, nitrogen, potash fertilizer can prepare stalk for flower growth
Fertilizer；It can prepare within 10~30 days in 18~26 DEG C of fermentations after addition duck excrement, cow dung or human excrement in straw bulking thing and be made for tree planting
The stalk fertilizer of woods greening.The application for a patent for invention has the characteristics of fertilizer efficiency is good, water retention property is strong, during floriculture, by stalk
Puff, wheat cake powder or rapeseed cake powder, phosphorus, potassium, the fertilizer soil of nitrogen fertilizer production load flowerpot, and flowers take root, and fast, robust seedling is real, the florescence
It is long；During afforestation urban afforestation, the fertilizer of straw bulking thing and duck excrement, cow dung or human excrement production is inserted in tree well, poured
After water, moisture and nutrient required for arboreal growth can be kept for a long time.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is the stalk fertilizer using straw bulking thing as raw material, and substantial amounts of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium are added in stalk
Stalk fertilizer prepared by chemical fertilizer；One is fermented at a certain temperature regularly after duck excrement, cow dung or human excrement are added in straw bulking thing
Between prepare for afforestation greening stalk fertilizer.A large amount of mineral matter fertilizer, production cycle length are added in production technology.
The content of the invention
Overcome above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art to alleviate or eliminate, provide at a kind of beneficial choosing
Select, made the present invention.
In order to realize the above object one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of straw organic fertilizer, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：Ratio-dependent step, according to carbon-nitrogen ratio, determine the ratio of stalk and human or animal's excrement；Add
Wet step, according to identified ratio, stalk and the excrement of human or animal are added into fermentor and humidified；Preheating step,
The temperature of the material of stalk and the excrement of human or animal composition is set to reach preheating temperature；Strain adds step, adds strain；Fermentation
Step, fermented；Secondary fermentation step, material is taken out from fermentor, carry out after-ripening.Such as in windproof and rain proof environment
Stack more than 5 days.
It is described in the ratio for the nitrogenous fertilizer that the ratio-dependent step also determines to add according to according to a kind of embodiment
The ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer is no more than the 0.3% of the weight of stalk；
According to a kind of embodiment, the stalk is one kind or more in straw, millet straw, maize straw, wheat thing straw
Kind, when stalk is straw or millet straw, a diameter of 0.5~0.8mm of stalk, stalk length is 3~6mm, when stalk is corn stalk
When stalk, wheat thing straw, 0.8~1.2mm of diameter, length is 3~10mm.
According to a kind of embodiment, in the ratio-dependent step, the stalk, human or animal's excrement or people are adjusted
Or the ratio of animal wastes and nitrogen fertilizer composition so that carbon-nitrogen ratio is in 20-25：1.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of straw organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that described stalk is organic
Fertilizer material includes the primary raw material of following mass fraction：120~140 parts of stalk, 60~80 parts of human or animal's excrement, nitrogenous fertilizer
1.0~1.4 parts and 0.1~0.3 part of composite bacteria.
According to certain embodiments of the present invention, can solve to add a large amount of mineral matter fertilizer in existing production technology, it is raw
The technical problem of cycle length is produced, overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.The present invention can fully meet agriculture cycle Green Development
Needs, the fertilizer efficiency of the green organic fungi-manure of preparation is good, in the plantation of fruits and vegetables can complete replacing fertilizer, ensure that fruits and vegetables
Quality, improve soil texture.The usage amount of chemical fertilizer can be substantially reduced in the plantation of organic grain, ensure that organic grain
Quality, soil texture is improved, be the important power-assisted of cycle agricultural green production.
The usage amount of chemical fertilizer can be substantially reduced in the plantation of organic grain, the quality of organic grain is ensure that, improves
Soil texture, it is the important power-assisted of cycle agricultural green production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the indicative flowchart according to the preparation method of the straw organic fertilizer of one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to embodiment and Figure of description in the present invention is furture elucidated
Hold, but present disclosure is not limited solely to the following examples.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow of the preparation method of the straw organic fertilizer according to one embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in figure 1, the ratio of stalk and human or animal's excrement is determined in step S 1 first.
The ratio of stalk and human or animal's excrement can be determined according to carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N.Carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N refers to contain in material
The ratio between C total amount and total amount containing N.Different material carbon-nitrogen ratios is different.The lower material of carbon-nitrogen ratio, nitrogen nutrition composition is higher,
Easier decomposition.Conversely, then nitrogen nutrition composition is few, fibrous matter is more, and is difficult to decompose.In system fertilizer production, selection is suitable
Carbon-nitrogen ratio is to select the rational proportion of different material.It is 20-25 to be typically chosen carbon-nitrogen ratio：1 is more suitable.Ratio is too high, then increases
Adding the content of nitrogen, this can be realized by increasing mass ratio of human or animal's excrement in whole formula, if ratio is too low,
Then increase C content, this is for example realized by increasing mass ratio of the stalk in whole formula.The original that different places uses
Material is different, before production, it is necessary to by calculating, just can determine that suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio.
According to a kind of embodiment, the nitrogenous fertilizer of increase certain mass ratio in formula.The shared formula gross mass of nitrogenous fertilizer
Proportion is usually no more than 1%, it is preferable that no more than 0.7%.
Then, in step S2, according to ratio determined by step S1, by the excrement or nitrogenous fertilizer of stalk and human or animal (such as
If fruit needs) add fermentor and humidified.
According to another embodiment, the acid-base value of the mixture of stalk and human or animal's excrement always according to the ratio
(pH value) determines whether to add the dosage of the acid-base accommodation material of acid-base accommodation material and required addition.In organic fertilizer standard
PH value 5.5~8.5, during dispensing, the pH value of material should be determined, controlled between 6~7 preferably, pH value meeting in fermentation process
The change of alkali after first sour.PH value is determined with pH paper, if the pH value of material is less than 5.0, during the fermentation, micro- life
Thing can decompose some harmful and noxious materials, and such as nitrite is unfavorable to plant growth, need to add quick lime；If pH value is too high,
Then nitrogen can be volatilized with the ammonia of free state from material, so as to reduce the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer, need to add humic acid.Quick lime and humic acid
Added in the feeding stage.
Stalk is the stalk after crushing, and the granular size of stalk, fineness influence the gas porosity of material.Raw meal particle size is straight
Footpath 0.5mm to 1.2mm, 3~10mm of length are advisable.The too thin gas porosity of material is not enough unfavorable for the exchange of oxygen.Material is too
It is thick to be unfavorable for antimicrobial surface absorption, the decomposed time length of fertilizer.In general, material processing is that the three of material is accounted for less than 20 purposes
/ mono-.Being difficult to decomposed material (more containing wood fibre) should handle more carefully, such as straw, husk equigranular diameter 0.5
~0.8mm, 3~6mm of length are advisable.Corn, wheat thing stalk etc. can more slightly, 0.8~1.2mm of particle size diameter, and length 3~
10mm is advisable.
The initial water sub-control system of fermentation materials is between 55%-65%, and general winter control moisture is lower, and (material is placed on
Firmly pinched in hand, no water oozes out, but palm has obvious water mark), summer can with it is higher (material, which is placed in hand, firmly to be pinched,
There is minor amount of water to ooze out).Starting material moisture is too low, and with the passage of fermentation time, moisture can be lower, and microbial reproduction can be by
Influence, the decomposed slack-off or even stopping of material.Material moisture is too high, can directly affect the porosity of material, and the infiltration of oxygen subtracts
Few, aerobic microbiological breeding is slack-off, and anaerobe breeding is accelerated, and causes fertilizer smelly, grows mosquitos and flies.Later stage precipitation is also stranded
Difficulty, extend the cycle of fertilizer production.
Stalk and the excrement of human or animal (and nitrogenous fertilizer under some embodiments) can be proportionally added into fermentation
In device, then humidify.Stalk can also be first added, and is humidified, is then adding excrement (and some realities of human or animal
Apply the nitrogenous fertilizer under mode), humidified again.
Then, sterilized in step S3.Sterilization can be continued by the way that the temperature in fermentor is brought up to 80 degrees Celsius
15 minutes complete.Other temperature can also be used, continue the slightly shorter or longer time.The step of sterilization, is not essential,
Excrement for the human or animal of certain areas or the requirement according to confidence level, can be without sterilization.
Then in step S4, temperature of charge is made to reach preheating temperature.Preheating temperature is between 40-65 degree.If adopt before
The step of with sterilization, then temperature drop to the preheating temperature from sterilization temperature (such as 80 degree), if not done by sterilization walk
Suddenly, then need to be heated to preheating temperature.Preheating temperature can be adjusted according to circumstances.
Then strain is added in step S5, strain is usually composite bacteria.Composite bacteria can be according to stalk weight
0.1% to 0.3% ratio addition.For composite bacteria, the microbe species in organic fertilizer production are a lot, and it is one multiple
Zoarium system.Mainly there is Mycophyta, include mould and yeast；Bacterium class such as bacillus；Actinomycetes such as streptomycete, rhizobium
Deng.Wherein there are pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, various microorganisms play each different works in different environments
With.The selection of composite bacteria can be carried out according to the quality of required fermentation maturity speed and organic fertilizer.
Then fermented in step S6.Fermentation temperature is preferably Celsius 60 between 40 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees Celsius
Spend to 70 degrees Celsius.Conventional fermentation technology for organic fertilizer, temperature becomes high temperature by low temperature needs long time, and is killed by high temperature
After bacterium, the temperature of material is very high, and microorganism fungus kind can be with fast breeding so as to accelerating course of fermentation.It the experiment proved that
The preference temperature of material fermentation is 60~70 DEG C, and maximum temperature must not exceed 75 DEG C.Within the specific limits, the low fermentation of temperature is slow,
The high fermentation of temperature is fast.
The method of the present invention also includes watering step, during the fermentation, the humidity of material is monitored, if being less than predetermined threshold
It is worth (such as less than 50%), then carries out moisturizing humidification, humidity of materials is maintained at 50~70%.
Organic fertilizer is produced using equipment, is aerobic fermentation process, it is enough that supplement can be all needed in whole production process
Oxygen, promote material quick composting in favor of the fast-growth breeding of aerobic microbiological, be typically advisable with 10~15% oxygen-supply quantities.
Oxygen-supply quantity is the pure oxygen volume per minute into fermentation tank, 10~15% percents by volume, i.e., is counted using fermenter volume as 100%
Calculate oxygen-supply quantity；It can be drawn according to the Wind Coverage Calculation of logical oxygen blower fan.
Finally, secondary fermentation (after-ripening) is carried out in step S7：After fertilizer main fermentation (one time fermentation) being completed in equipment, material
The middle labile material of appearance has largely decomposed, but many polymer substance such as wood fibres etc. are difficult to decompose, it is necessary to carry out
Secondary fermentation, also referred to as after-ripening, this process are to make to be difficult to decomposition of cellulose, lignin to be able in the presence of microorganism slowly
Decompose, the organic nutrient absorbed so as to become crops to be easy to.
Some embodiment examples according to the method for the present invention are as follows.
Embodiment 1
For the stalk fertilizer of vegetable growth, stalk 1300kg, chicken manure 700kg, urea 12kg, composite bacteria 3kg.First by straw
Stalk is crushed to below 10mm length, is performed by above-listed material preparing technology flow table.
Note：It is brown or auburn bulk organic fertilizer after the completion of after-ripening, the content of organic matter more than 45%.
Embodiment 2
Prepare the stalk fertilizer for vegetable growth；Such as stalk 1300kg, chicken manure 600kg, urea 10kg, composite bacteria 3kg.
Stalk is first crushed to below 10mm length, performed by following material preparing technology flow table.
Note：It is brown or auburn bulk organic fertilizer after the completion of after-ripening, the content of organic matter more than 50%.
Embodiment 3
Prepare the stalk fertilizer for vegetable growth；Such as stalk 1400kg, chicken manure 800kg, urea 14kg, composite bacteria 3kg.
Stalk is first crushed to below 10mm length, performed by following material preparing technology flow table.
Note：It is brown or auburn bulk organic fertilizer after the completion of after-ripening, more than the ﹪ of the content of organic matter 45！
Embodiment 4
Prepare the stalk fertilizer for vegetable growth；Such as stalk 1300kg, chicken manure 700kg, urea 12kg, composite bacteria 2kg
Bag.Stalk is first crushed to below 10mm length, performed by following material preparing technology flow table.
Note：It is brown or auburn bulk organic fertilizer after the completion of after-ripening, more than the ﹪ of the content of organic matter 50.
The performance detection of stalk fertilizer is as shown in the table made from embodiment 1~4：
It is former present invention employs such stalk fertilizer in order to realize the needs of fruits and vegetables growth in embodiment more than
Material formula：Stalk 1300kg, chicken manure 700kg, nitrogenous fertilizer 12kg, composite bacteria 3kg.But this is exemplary, and chicken manure can be by
The excrement of people or other animals replaces, such as the excrement such as ox, sheep, pig, geese and ducks.The stalk can be corn, rice, wheat
Deng agricultural crop straw.The nitrogenous fertilizer is that generally urea, main function is：The carbon-nitrogen ratio of stalk and chicken manure is adjusted, is fitted when insufficient
Amount addition.The composite bacteria includes pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria these complex attribute microorganisms, matches as 3：
3：3：1.Experiment shows that pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria, the proportioning of anaerobic bacteria can be 2~4 parts：2~4 parts：2~4 parts：
0.5~1.5 part (mass parts).
Stalk, chicken manure, the ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer are all adjustable, such as are adjusted according to carbon-nitrogen ratio.Experiment shows, by
The straw organic fertilizer of the raw material composition of following mass fraction all achieves good effect：120~140 parts of stalk, people or dynamic
0.1~0.3 part of 60~80 parts of thing excrement, 1.0~1.4 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer and composite bacteria.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, and provides some instantiations, to skill known to this area
Art personnel say, as long as it is obvious that can do various change or amendment without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of straw organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
Ratio-dependent step, according to carbon-nitrogen ratio, determine the ratio of stalk and human or animal's excrement；
Step is humidified, according to identified ratio, stalk and the excrement of human or animal is added into fermentor and humidified；
Preheating step, the temperature of the material of stalk and the excrement of human or animal composition is set to reach preheating temperature；
Strain adds step, adds strain；
Fermentation step, fermented；
Secondary fermentation step, material is taken out from fermentor, carry out after-ripening.
2. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the ratio-dependent step
The ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer that should be added also is determined, the ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer is no more than the 0.3% of the weight of stalk.
3. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the stalk is straw, paddy
One or more in grass, maize straw, wheat thing straw, when stalk is straw or millet straw, stalk a diameter of 0.5~
0.8mm, stalk length are 3~6mm, when stalk be maize straw, wheat thing straw when, 0.8~1.2mm of diameter, length be 3~
10mm。
4. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the ratio-dependent step
In, adjust the stalk, human or animal's excrement or the ratio of human or animal's excrement and nitrogen fertilizer composition so that carbon-nitrogen ratio is in
20~25：1.
5. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the fermentation step,
For temperature between 40~70 DEG C, oxygen-supply quantity is maintained at 10~15%,
The humidification step includes：
The stalk for being crushed to below 10mm length is fitted into fermentation tank, then plus water adjusts humidity to 50~70%；
Then load human or animal's excrement and nitrogenous fertilizer into fermentation tank, check and adjust humidity to 50~70%,
The after-ripening step is to be stacked more than 5 days in windproof and rain proof environment.
6. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described also includes following
One or both of step：
Sterilisation step, before strain adds step, temperature is heated to 80 degrees Celsius or higher, and maintain more than 15 minutes；
Watering step, in fermentation step, the humidity of material is monitored, if being less than predetermined threshold, carry out moisturizing humidification, make thing
Material humidity is maintained at 50~70%.
7. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the strain is compound bacteria
Kind, described composite bacteria includes pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, the pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria and
2~4 parts of the quality parts ratio of anaerobic bacteria：2~4 parts：2~4 parts：0.5~1.5 part.
8. the preparation method of straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that walked in the ratio-dependent
Suddenly, always according to the acid-base value of the material, determine the amount of acid-base accommodation material, make the material pH value be maintained at 6~7 it
Between.
9. a kind of straw organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that described straw organic fertilizer raw material includes the master of following mass fraction
Want raw material：120~140 parts of stalk, 60~80 parts of human or animal's excrement, 1.0~1.4 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer and composite bacteria 0.1~0.3
Part.
10. straw organic fertilizer according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The stalk, human or animal's excrement, nitrogenous fertilizer
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material formed is 20~25：1；
Described straw organic fertilizer raw material also includes acid-base accommodation material, and the amount of the acid-base accommodation material causes the material
PH value be 6~7.
Described composite bacteria includes pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, the pyschrophile, high temperature bacterium, aerobic bacteria and
The quality parts ratio of anaerobic bacteria is followed successively by：2~4 parts：2~4 parts：2~4 parts：0.5~1.5 part；
Described stalk is the one or more in straw, millet straw, maize straw, wheat thing straw, when stalk is straw or paddy
When careless, a diameter of 0.5~0.8mm of stalk, stalk length is 3~6mm, when stalk is maize straw, wheat thing straw, diameter
0.8~1.2mm, length are 3~10mm；
Described animal wastes be cow dung just, sheep manure just, the one or more of swine excrement, chicken manure, duck excrement just, in goose excrement
Kind.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710878506.6A CN107586226A (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710878506.6A CN107586226A (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107586226A true CN107586226A (en) | 2018-01-16 |
Family
ID=61047173
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710878506.6A Pending CN107586226A (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107586226A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108409448A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-08-17 | 天圣环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of reinforcing organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof made of plantation waste straw tendril |
| CN108424185A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-21 | 湖北向上食品股份有限公司 | A method of utilizing stalk composting Pure organic fertilizer |
| CN108911811A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏松枫农业发展有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of rice organic fertilizer |
| CN108911809A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-30 | 南京农业大学 | A method of preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process |
| CN109362533A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of rice hole plate dry rice seedling multilayer straw substrate and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109627064A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-16 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
| CN109809848A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-28 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | A kind of stalk and livestock and poultry feces fermentation are wrapped up in and pack fertile device and method |
| CN110402636A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-05 | 耀华园林股份有限公司 | A kind of ecological type soil modification method for gardens |
| CN110915576A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-27 | 陈彩姣 | Ecological planting method of tomatoes |
| CN111925254A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 安徽肥地肥业有限责任公司 | Production process for processing organic fertilizer by circulating excrement |
| CN112624869A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-09 | 山东绿宝珠生物肥业有限公司 | Straw-utilized organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103044102A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for developing ecological agriculture through resource utilization of crop straws and application thereof |
| CN104529609A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-22 | 河南金地宝生态肥业有限公司 | Composite organic fertilizer special for vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN106608731A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | 大冶祺峰动力制冷设备有限公司 | Method and system for converting livestock and poultry manure and waste straw materials into organic fertilizer |
| CN106699353A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-24 | 东兴易新环保科技有限公司 | Formula of bacterial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109627064A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-16 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
-
2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201710878506.6A patent/CN107586226A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103044102A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for developing ecological agriculture through resource utilization of crop straws and application thereof |
| CN104529609A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-22 | 河南金地宝生态肥业有限公司 | Composite organic fertilizer special for vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN106608731A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | 大冶祺峰动力制冷设备有限公司 | Method and system for converting livestock and poultry manure and waste straw materials into organic fertilizer |
| CN106699353A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-24 | 东兴易新环保科技有限公司 | Formula of bacterial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109627064A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-16 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108424185A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-21 | 湖北向上食品股份有限公司 | A method of utilizing stalk composting Pure organic fertilizer |
| CN108409448A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-08-17 | 天圣环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of reinforcing organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof made of plantation waste straw tendril |
| CN108911809A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-30 | 南京农业大学 | A method of preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process |
| CN108911811A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏松枫农业发展有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of rice organic fertilizer |
| CN109362533A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of rice hole plate dry rice seedling multilayer straw substrate and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109362533B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-11-27 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Multilayer straw substrate for rice plug dry seedling raising and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109627064A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-16 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer |
| CN109809848A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-28 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | A kind of stalk and livestock and poultry feces fermentation are wrapped up in and pack fertile device and method |
| CN110402636A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-05 | 耀华园林股份有限公司 | A kind of ecological type soil modification method for gardens |
| CN110915576A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-27 | 陈彩姣 | Ecological planting method of tomatoes |
| CN111925254A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 安徽肥地肥业有限责任公司 | Production process for processing organic fertilizer by circulating excrement |
| CN112624869A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-09 | 山东绿宝珠生物肥业有限公司 | Straw-utilized organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107586226A (en) | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer | |
| CN104387136B (en) | Method for producing organic fertilizer from municipal dry branch/fallen leaf waste and application thereof | |
| CN102219570B (en) | Bio-organic fertilizer produced by using livestock manure | |
| CN106883063A (en) | A kind of biological organic fertilizer and its production technology | |
| CN102633544B (en) | Method for taking farmyard manure as raw material to produce tobacco biofertilizer | |
| CN101875571B (en) | Method for preparing enhanced liquid microbial organic fertilizer | |
| CN105296394A (en) | Microbial decomposition agent for animal wastes and straws and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106083453A (en) | A kind of biomass organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104529573A (en) | Multi-effect ferment fertilizer prepared from agricultural wastes | |
| CN104788244A (en) | Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102491802A (en) | Tea seed cake biological organic fertilizer and production method thereof | |
| CN109265217A (en) | A kind of production method of soil conditioner | |
| CN1398824A (en) | Bioorganic fertilizer and its production process | |
| CN101781153A (en) | Organic fertilizer for killing underground injurious insect and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105272692A (en) | Composite fertilizer for improving quality and output of tea trees, and production method thereof | |
| CN101575226A (en) | Tea-seed cake organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105272421A (en) | Agricultural culturing medium, producing method thereof and application thereof | |
| CN105315080B (en) | A method of utilizing life excreta and stalk fermentation biological organic fertilizer | |
| CN105255777B (en) | Utilize the method for pig manure and mushroom residue production biological organic fertilizer | |
| CN106699353A (en) | Formula of bacterial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103951479B (en) | Fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106190890B (en) | A kind of complex microbial inoculum and biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco black shank | |
| CN103387471B (en) | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks | |
| CN109627064A (en) | Straw manures preparation method for material and straw organic fertilizer | |
| CN107640984A (en) | A kind of processing method of chicken manure |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180116 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |