CN108911809A - A method of preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process - Google Patents
A method of preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108911809A CN108911809A CN201810857555.6A CN201810857555A CN108911809A CN 108911809 A CN108911809 A CN 108911809A CN 201810857555 A CN201810857555 A CN 201810857555A CN 108911809 A CN108911809 A CN 108911809A
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- heap body
- acid solution
- sulfuric acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process.Pass through monitoring heap body pH value in composting process, spray acid solution, heap body pH is set to be down to 5.0-6.0, throwing is turned over by 4-5 days interruptions to stir evenly, heap body pH value can gradually rise up to 7 or more, carry out second of adjustment heap body pH value further according to the pH value surveyed, then acid adding, it so repeats 2-3 times, until final heap body pH stable is between 6.0-7.5.According to the method for the present invention, the control of compost whole process heap body pH value can be realized 7.5 hereinafter, to effectively inhibit compost ammonia volatilization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizer production, are related to a kind of method for preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process.
Background technique
During High-Temperature Composting is the unique technical approach that agricultural organic waste manure resources utilize, however, either slot type
During High-Temperature Composting fermentation or the fermentation of strip style During High-Temperature Composting, all there is the problem of a large amount of ammonia volatilizations, this is not only in composting process
It causes a large amount of nitrogens loss and pollutes atmospheric environment, more make dung yard ammonia fumigating day, seriously affect organic fertilizer production environment.It leads
Cause the reason that ammonia volatilization is serious in composting process first is that the pH value of heap body material is excessively high in composting process, second is that composting material and mistake
Urease activity is too strong in journey, and organic nitrogen is made to be converted to inorganic nitrogen speed quickly.The early period of composting process be it is mineralization, the middle and later periods is
The mineralization and humification and process deposited, mineralization process increase heap body pH significantly, this raised degree is with composting material
Difference and it is different, using chicken manure as the compost of raw material, pH highest, compost pH can reach 9.0-9.5 when decomposed, pig manure
It, in 8.5-9.0, cow dung and sheep dung compost are also in 8.0-8.5, and straw compost is in 7.5-8.5, this high pH and high urease activity
Composting process directly result in ammonia volatilization.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of side for preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process is provided
Method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A method of ammonia volatilization in composting process is prevented, heap body pH value is monitored in composting process, acid solution is sprayed, makes
Heap body pH is down to 5.0-6.0, turns over throwing by 4-5 days interruptions and stirs evenly, and heap body pH value can gradually rise up to 7 or more, further according to reality
The pH value measured, then acid adding carry out second of adjustment heap body pH value, so repeat 2-3 times, until final heap body pH stable exists
Between 6.0-7.5.
The method is preferably in composting process every 8 hours periodic monitor heap body pH value.
The method of the monitoring pH value of compost is preferred, and 1 kilogram of material of random acquisition heap body, by heap body material dry weight：It steams
Distilled water weight=1:10 are added distilled water, shake 15 minutes, static 15 minutes after taking-up, measure supernatant with pH test paper or pH meter
pH。
The acid solution that the preferably industrial concentrated sulfuric acid of the acid solution is prepared, concentration are 1-2mol L-1。
The method preferably when pH value is 7.5-8.0, sprays 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution be 0.5% (V/W,
I.e. every 1 ton of composting material sprays 5 liters of 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid solution), when pH value be 8.0-8.5 when, spray 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid is molten
The dosage of liquid is 1% (V/W, i.e. 10 liters of 2mol L of every 1 ton of composting material sprinkling-1Sulfuric acid solution), when pH value be 8.5-9.0
When, spray 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is 2% (V/W, i.e. 20 liters of 2mol L of every 1 ton of composting material sprinkling-1Sulfuric acid it is molten
Liquid), when pH value is 9.0-9.5, spray 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is 3% (V/W, i.e., every 1 ton of composting material sprinkling
30 liters of 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid solution), when pH value is more than 9.5, spray 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution be 4% (V/W, i.e.,
Every 1 ton of composting material sprays 40 liters of 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid solution).Wherein, " % " indicates L/100Kg.
The method further preferably works as heap body sprinkling 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid solution after, need to carry out turning over throwing immediately, turn over throwing
Frequency depends on the quantity of sprinkling sulfuric acid solution：All sprinkling 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is more than 2%, need to turn over throwing daily
Twice；Spray 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is lower than 2%, only needs turning and throwing once daily.
All sprinkling 2mol L in the method-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is more than 2%, morning and afternoon each turning and throwing once,
Every 7-8 hours.
Beneficial effect：
The research of the invention finds that：With the raising of heap body pH value, ammonia volatilization enhancing in composting process；As long as by substrate pH control
System is 7.5 hereinafter, ammonia volatilization can be just suppressed substantially.According to the method for the present invention, compost whole process heap body pH value control can be realized
System is 7.5 hereinafter, to effectively inhibit compost ammonia volatilization.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, aerobic compost pile prepares
Chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung, stalk etc. are regulated into moisture content (60-65%), carbon-nitrogen ratio (25-40 respectively：1), add
Enter dedicated compost decomposing agent, mix well, pile 2.8 meters of lower bottom width respectively, 1.2 meters of upper bottom width, heap body is 1.8 meters high, heap long 10
The pile of rice, is inserted into thermometer in the middle part of heap body, prepares compost.
2, composting management
Observation heap body middle portion temperature meter temperature daily, after the heating of heap body middle portion temperature, from maximum temperature, (highest can be to
68 DEG C) when dropping to 45 DEG C or so, aerobic turning is carried out with connection industry board turner, soaking condition is at, maintains high temperature
Stage.Every the pH value of 8 hours detection heap body materials, while monitoring heap body ammonia volatilization quantity.
3, when the pH value that the pH value that chicken manure is main stockpile body material is 9.1, pig manure is main stockpile body material is
8.8, cow dung is the pH value that the pH value of main stockpile body material is 8.6, stalk is main stockpile body material when being 8.4, point
Not a pile top fluting (length × wide × depth is 9 meters × 0.9 meter × 0.5 meter deeply), it is uniformly added into dilute sulfuric acid respectively, after 1 hour,
It with connection industry board turner turning, mixes well, it is allowed to occur neutralization reaction 4-5 days, reduce heap body pH value.Later, timing daily
The pH value of heap body material is detected, while monitoring heap body ammonia volatilization quantity.
It (is shown in Table in 1 and is sprayed with third time for second of different material heap body when the pH value of heap body material rises to certain value again
Heap body pH value before sulfuric acid), the operating procedure that dilute sulfuric acid is added for the first time is just repeated, later, the heap body material of timing detection daily
PH value, while monitoring heap body ammonia volatilization quantity.Until heap body pH stablizes 6.5 hereinafter, just stopping that dilution heat of sulfuric acid is added.
4, continuous to stack 4 months after heap body is decomposed, continue the pH value and heap body ammonia volatilization quantity that monitor heap body material.
5, the ammonia volatilization of heap body uses in-site detecting-venting method (imperial court's brightness etc., plant nutrient and the fertilizer of field soil ammonia volatilization
Expect journal, 2002,8 (2):205-209) measure.
6, in different material composting process and composting production storage March after pH variation and ammonia volatilization rate main result
As shown in table 1.It is during main stockpile is fertile with chicken manure, pH value alreadys exceed 9 in the compost megathermal period, the speed of ammonia volatilization at this time
Rate reaches 7.9mgNH3- N/kgh, pH value is down to 5.5 after acid adding, can't detect ammonia volatilization at this time；But heap body pH value is again after 5 days
8.3 are risen to, ammonia volatilization rate reaches 3.1mg NH at this time3-N/kg·h；Second of acid adding is carried out, pH value is down to 5.7 again,
It can't detect ammonia volatilization at this time；7.8 are risen to again using heap body pH value after 5 days, and ammonia volatilization rate at this time only has
2.0mgNH3-N/kg·h；Third time acid adding is carried out again, pH value is down to 5.8 again, it still can't detect ammonia volatilization at this time, 5 days
Heap body pH value only rises to 6.8 afterwards, and heap body pH value also only rises to 7.1 after three months, and ammonia volatilization only has 0.4mg at this time
NH3- N/kgh has arrived detection line or less substantially.
In 1 different material composting process of table and composting production stores the pH variation and ammonia volatilization rate after March
Note：Ammonia volatilization unit is：mg NH3-N/kg·h
The pH value of other several raw material compost changes and regulates and controls trend and ammonia volatilization rate and chicken manure raw material compost very
Unanimously, only more smaller than chicken manure in intensity.By acid adding regulates and controls three times in composting process, make the heap of four kinds of different materials
Fertilizer its pH after storage three months can control within the scope of 6.4-7.1 (column of table 1 the 6th), and under the conditions of this pH, compost is just
Substantially the not volatilization of ammonia can't smell ammonia taste in product packaging bags, both keep the ammonium nitrogen in product in this way, more make organic fertilizer
In compost beneficial microbe or biological organic fertilizer in the external source functional microorganism that adds during product stores and transports not by
It is inactivated to the stifling of ammonia, it is ensured that beneficial microbe enters soil and plays a role in organic fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer.
In conclusion the art of this patent solves in composting process by regulation pH value of compost and composting production storage and transport process
In ammonia volatilization problem, organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer product quality and effect can be significantly improved.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process, it is characterised in that monitor heap body pH value, sprinkling in composting process
Acid solution makes heap body pH be down to 5.0-6.0, turns over throwing by 4-5 days interruptions and stir evenly, and heap body pH value can gradually rise up to 7 or more,
Second of adjustment heap body pH value is carried out further according to the pH value surveyed, then acid adding, is so repeated 2-3 times, until final heap body pH
Value is stablized between 6.0-7.5.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that every 8 hours periodic monitor heap body pH in composting process
Value.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the method for the monitoring pH value of compost is random acquisition heap
1 kilogram of body material, by heap body material dry weight：Distilled water weight=1:10 are added distilled water, shake 15 minutes, static 15 after taking-up
Minute, supernatant pH is measured with pH test paper or pH meter.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the acid solution is the acid that the industrial concentrated sulfuric acid is prepared
Solution, concentration are 1-2mol L-1。
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that start when heap body pH value is more than 7.5 spray acid solution, when
When pH value is 7.5-8.0,2mol L is sprayed-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is 0.5%, when pH value is 8.0-8.5, sprays 2mol
L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is 1%, when pH value is 8.5-9.0, sprays 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is 2%, works as pH
When value is 9.0-9.5,2mol L is sprayed-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is 3%, when pH value is more than 9.5, sprays 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid
The dosage of solution is 4%, wherein " % " indicates L/100Kg.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that when heap body sprays 2mol L-1Sulfuric acid solution after, need immediately
It carries out turning over throwing, turns over and throw the quantity that frequency depends on sprinkling sulfuric acid solution：All sprinkling 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is more than 2%
, throwing need to be turned over daily twice；Spray 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is lower than 2%, only needs turning and throwing once daily.
7. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that all sprinkling 2mol L-1The dosage of sulfuric acid solution is more than 2%,
Morning and afternoon each turning and throwing once is spaced 7-8 hours.
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| CN201810857555.6A CN108911809A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | A method of preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process |
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| CN201810857555.6A CN108911809A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | A method of preventing ammonia volatilization in composting process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113716991A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-11-30 | 北京市农林科学院 | Rapid composting method for organic wastes and membrane type fermentation system thereof |
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| JP2001089272A (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-04-03 | Mitsui Touatsu Hiryo Kk | Poultry manure-containing fertilizer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113716991A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-11-30 | 北京市农林科学院 | Rapid composting method for organic wastes and membrane type fermentation system thereof |
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