CN103387471B - Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks - Google Patents
Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks Download PDFInfo
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- CN103387471B CN103387471B CN201310372915.0A CN201310372915A CN103387471B CN 103387471 B CN103387471 B CN 103387471B CN 201310372915 A CN201310372915 A CN 201310372915A CN 103387471 B CN103387471 B CN 103387471B
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- corn stalk
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- corn
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- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 101000925662 Enterobacteria phage PRD1 Endolysin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001232787 Epiphragma Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020880 Hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks. The method can be used for mashing fresh or withered and yellow corn stalks to produce the mushroom compost, so that a lot of corn stalks can be treated; the method for producing the mushroom compost from the corn stalks utilizes a common composting fermentation method to ferment corn stalk chippings into the compost which is easily absorbed by mushrooms; the method for producing the mushroom compost by the corn stalks also utilizes a method for carrying out ultimate fermentation by composting the corn stalk chippings to generate a highest fermentation temperature to carry out final sterilization and parasite killing so as to successfully produce the mushroom compost with abundant nutriments.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is method corn stalk being made into mushroom compost, belongs to agricultural machining technology.
Background technology
china is Maize Production big country, and the plantation amount of corn is only second to paddy rice and wheat, and big area corn planting creates the process problem of corn stalk.The process of corn stalk, most peasants is used as pasture, but pasture only consumes a small amount of corn stalk, so peasants one to fall baked wheaten cake in corn field, they think that can produce fire ash like this works as fertilizer.The fertilizer that burning method process corn stalk produces in fact is very micro-, and corn stalk a large amount of material in the process of burning can mix smog with black and white and fly away, and only produces a small amount of ash vehement.Burning method process corn stalk produces more serious air pollution effect: it is full of smoke that large-area corn stalk burning produces, and causes zonal atmospheric pollution, the health of harm people.People should encourage some to utilize the production technology industry of corn stalk, reduce or stop burning corn stalk.
corn stalk contains a large amount of nutritive substances: a large amount of robust fibre, VITAMIN, trace element, a small amount of protein, amino acid, carbohydrate.Corn stalk is that all food crop straw Middle nutrition component contents are the highest and straw weight/power ratio is maximum, and wherein sugar degree is the highest, produces the dense heavy sugared smell of burning during burning corn stalk.The plantation of mushroom needs the culture material using plant residue to ferment, and the mushroom compost nutriment that the plant residue that nutritive substance enriches is fermented into is abundanter.People generally use bagasse or the few muck of forage mixing to make mushroom compost, but bagasse is a large amount of for the production of alcohol, measures very rare; The nutrient composition content of other forage is not as corn stalk, and the sugar degree of corn stalk and the content of other nutritive ingredient are all higher than bagasse.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the air pollution problems inherent that a large amount of corn stalk of combustion method process causes, corn stalk to be made into the method for mushroom compost by my invention, this method makes simply, not to be needed to consume energy, do not pollute, the mushroom compost nutriment made enriches, hypertrophy, delicious mushroom can be produced, can industrialization produce in a large number.
The method that corn stalk is made into mushroom compost taked technical scheme of dealing with problems is undertaken by step below: one, gathers or purchase corn stalk; Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces corn stalk chip with straw stamp mill; Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean composting, fermentation place; Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable fermentation compound of humidity; Five, compound is carried out composting generality 3 week of fermentation, temperature control, turning, adjustment potential of hydrogen are wanted in fermentation therebetween; Six, the compound overlay film after generality being fermented carries out limit fermentation and produces highest temperature sterilizing; Seven, divided by the compound after limit fermentation and sterilization the little bag film of threading to move into mushroom mushroom cultivation house and carry out mushroom bacterial classification inoculation cultivation.
The culture material produced after the growth of mushroom not only needs plant fermentation, and need one not have similar miscellaneous bacteria to compete with it the environment with parasite growth, therefore, the culture material of mushroom must carry out fermenting and high-temperature sterilization.Fermentation and sterilizing can be carried out respectively, also can carry out simultaneously, because the process of fermentation produces high temperature, organic abundant straw fermentation more can produce high temperature, and institute can be applicable to the kind of fermentation generation high-temperature sterilization by corn stalk.High temperature is produced in corn stalk chip and water, air combining with fermentation process, high temperature can eliminate a large amount of miscellaneous bacterias and sporophyte, also parasite and conjunction portion worm's ovum has been eliminated, fermentation also makes some thermophilic microorganisms multiply in a large number, a large amount of thermophilic microorganisms produces a kind of lytic enzyme, and this lytic enzyme can be decomposed into corn stalk the nutriment that mushroom is easy to absorption.Substep explanation is carried out to the method that corn stalk is made into mushroom compost below.
One. gather or purchase corn stalk.The culture material of mushroom needs certain humidity, so the corn stalk gathering or purchase is with the fresh corn bar of moisture or the corn stalk of withered and yellow drying, some disorderly grass and a small amount of attach silt, Niu Gong can also be entrained with, as long as see it being that corn stalk is just passable from afar, all can purchase.
Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces corn stalk chip with straw stamp mill.The fineness degree of chip with the sheet of length three cm, should be beneficial to heap and makes fermentation.
Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean composting, fermentation place.Smooth concrete floor has just been applicable to, and does not have the place of concrete floor, can also replace at smooth ground paving plastic film.
Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable mixed fermentation material of humidity.The humidity that fresh corn stalk is original is applicable to, but owing to being mingled with the corn stalk of some withered and yellow dryings, so will spray certain moisture in right amount, urea, phosphate fertilizer are dissolved in the water and spray together, can also admix a small amount of ox Gong in chip.Fertilizer can only be a small amount of, and too high concentration of fertilizer can kill the decomposition microorganism in fermentation material.
five, compound composting is carried out generality 3 week of fermentation, want temperature control, turning therebetween, regulate potential of hydrogen with lime.The object of general fermentation is the nutritive substance being easy to absorb to corn stalk fermentation be produced into mushroom.Willthe compound modulated is piled at the itemize on place that ferments and is done, and often pile long strip shape, windrow is naturally loose, need not compress, because fermentation needs air, bottom width about 1.5 meters is advisable, and piles high to more than 1 meter highly as far as possible, get out the rainy covering of rainproof film.Composting started the heating that heats up in inside after four days, and epiphragma heating is faster, excavated surface temperature measurement internal temperature more than 50
.c will harrow reactor startup surface or turning cooling, no matter the time, because the nutritive substance of temperature rise time long meeting loss corn stalk, and too high temperature also can kill the microorganism sending out and produce lytic enzyme, and turning is also ferment in order to the corn stalk compound on surface is turned over to centre.Turning regulates potential of hydrogen to neutral with lime therebetween.Turning can be carried out repeatedly, and general fermentation time is about 3 week.
Six, the corn stalk compound after generality being fermented carries out limiting fermentation and produces highest temperature sterilizing.Fermenting unlike: limiting fermentation purposes with the generality of previous step is produce higher temperature eliminating bacteria and sporophyte, comprise and eliminate all parasites and worm's ovum, microorganism.Limiting fermentation energy produces and reaches 70
.the high temperature of C, decomposition microorganism at this moment oneself is decomposed the temperature produced and is killed, and completes the mission of their fermentations, can not continue to heat up again, but this temperature can have been utilized by us kills miscellaneous bacteria and parasite.Limit fermentation time is very short, detects internal temperature and reaches 70
,within 2 hours, with regard to turning, the nutritive substance of overlong time meeting loss corn stalk, will ferment after turning and reach internal temperature 70 about C too
.about C just climbs reactor startup cooling for 2 hours.The object that (comprising turning once) just completes sterilizing is only carried out once in limit fermentation, repeatedly can the nutritive substance of loss corn stalk if carried out.
Seven, the corn stalk compound after the limit being fermented divides to put into and enters mushroom house as film pouch and carry out mushroom bacterial classification inoculation cultivation.
Embodiment
The method that corn stalk is made into mushroom compost implements to carry out by step below.
One, gather or purchase corn stalk.
Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces corn stalk chip with straw stamp mill.Chip with length be the microscler chip of 3 cm as well.
Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean composting, fermentation place.Preferably concrete floor.
Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable mixed fermentation material of humidity.With good conditionsily can add a small amount of ox Gong, account for 0.5%, also can not graze cattle Gong and replacing with fertilizer; Moisture applies by humidity, firmly pinches can produce water droplet and be advisable with hand; Add the sprinkling that is dissolved in the water of a small amount of urea and phosphate fertilizer and enter compound, the ratio that fertilizer accounts for compound is about 0.2%.
Five, corn stalk compound is carried out composting generality three week of fermentation, want temperature control, turning therebetween, regulate potential of hydrogen with lime.Fermentation reactor system detects internal temperature therebetween and arrives 50
.c will climb reactor startup cooling or turning, no matter time number of times.Be 7.5 to 8 values by the potential of hydrogen of pH value test paper test mixing material, not enough add on a small quantity lime repeatedly turning mixing adjust foot.
Six, the corn stalk compound after generality being fermented carries out the fermentation of the film covering type limit and produces high-temperature sterilization.Every two heaps of corn stalk mixing stockpile after generality being fermented also make a pile, and surface coverage plastics film ferments, and allow fermentation to limit top temperature (no longer to raise as the limit), may arrive 70
.the temperature of about C, allows top temperature continue turning after two hours, and the corn stalk mixing of replacing surface expects that carrying out limit fermentation to top temperature in the middle of heap climbs reactor startup cooling after 2 hours, and limit fermentation and sterilization task completes.
Seven, divide threading film pouch to move into mushroom house the corn stalk compound after limit fermentation and carry out mushroom bacterial classification inoculation cultivation.
Claims (1)
1. corn stalk is made into the method for mushroom compost, it is characterized in that step is carried out in the following way: one, gathers or purchase corn stalk; Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces corn stalk chip with straw stamp mill; Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean fermentation place; Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable compound of humidity; Five, compound is carried out composting generality three week of fermentation, want temperature control, turning therebetween, regulate potential of hydrogen with lime; Six, the corn stalk compound after generality being fermented carries out the limiting fermentation of film covering type and produces top temperature sterilizing; Seven, move into mushroom house after the corn stalk compound after limiting fermentation being divided threading film pouch and carry out mushroom bacterial classification inoculation cultivation; The limiting fermentation of film covering type be exactly by generality ferment after every two heaps of corn stalk compound and make a pile, and surface coverage plastics film ferments, allow fermentation continue turning after two hours to top temperature 70 DEG C, the corn stalk mixing of replacing surface is expected to carry out in the middle of heap fermenting to the highest temperature 70 DEG C again and is pushed heap cooling aside after two hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310372915.0A CN103387471B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310372915.0A CN103387471B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103387471A CN103387471A (en) | 2013-11-13 |
| CN103387471B true CN103387471B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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| CN201310372915.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103387471B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103922821A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-07-16 | 张文艳 | Method for making mushroom culture material by straw fermentation |
| CN103650922B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-06-03 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Method for cultivating dictyophora rubrovolvata from mushroom sticks in bag-removing and soil-covering mode through maize straw fermented materials and decomposed materials |
| CN106416750A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 刘纯利 | Quick bag cultivation method for white mushroom on sterilized substrates |
| WO2024110019A1 (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2024-05-30 | Cormo Ag | Fermented material comprising stalk particles of monocotyledonous flowering plants, and its production method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0559681B1 (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1996-09-25 | BARTON, Michael | Improvements relating to the cultivation of mushrooms |
| CN1329502C (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2007-08-01 | 朱华高 | Special fertilizer for agaricus bisporus nutrient base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN1239692C (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2006-02-01 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological method for factorial cultivation of portabella king using animal-plant waste material |
| CN101397224A (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2009-04-01 | 孟桂娟 | Straw-cultivated agaricus bisporus formula and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093106B (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2014-02-12 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Culture substrate for industrial cultivation of agaricus bisporus |
| CN102860215A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 | Cultivation method of agaricus bisporus |
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Address after: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Beihai Hangzhou road low rent housing area 4 2-302 rooms Applicant after: Li Xianqiang Address before: 535000, C2bB402, two district, Bailey, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Qinzhou Applicant before: Li Xianqiang |
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Address after: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region stars Fangcheng District of Fangchenggang City Road 5 lane 13 Patentee after: Li Xianqiang Address before: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Beihai Hangzhou road low rent housing area 4 2-302 rooms Patentee before: Li Xianqiang |
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Inventor after: Liang Hao Inventor before: Li Xianqiang |
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Effective date of registration: 20170204 Address after: 130000 room, building 1, building No. 222, East democracy Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 6-1 Patentee after: Jilin Zhiyue Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region stars Fangcheng District of Fangchenggang City Road 5 lane 13 Patentee before: Li Xianqiang |
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