CN103387471A - Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks - Google Patents
Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks Download PDFInfo
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- CN103387471A CN103387471A CN2013103729150A CN201310372915A CN103387471A CN 103387471 A CN103387471 A CN 103387471A CN 2013103729150 A CN2013103729150 A CN 2013103729150A CN 201310372915 A CN201310372915 A CN 201310372915A CN 103387471 A CN103387471 A CN 103387471A
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- corn stalk
- fermentation
- mushroom
- corn
- mushroom compost
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 101000925662 Enterobacteria phage PRD1 Endolysin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001232787 Epiphragma Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020880 Hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks. The method can be used for mashing fresh or withered and yellow corn stalks to produce the mushroom compost, so that a lot of corn stalks can be treated; the method for producing the mushroom compost from the corn stalks utilizes a common composting fermentation method to ferment corn stalk chippings into the compost which is easily absorbed by mushrooms; the method for producing the mushroom compost by the corn stalks also utilizes a method for carrying out ultimate fermentation by composting the corn stalk chippings to generate a highest fermentation temperature to carry out final sterilization and parasite killing so as to successfully produce the mushroom compost with abundant nutriments.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the method for mushroom compost that corn stalk is made into, and belongs to the agricultural machining technology.
Background technology
China is Maize Production big country, and the plantation amount of corn is only second to paddy rice and wheat, and the big area corn planting has produced the processing problem of corn stalk.The processing of corn stalk, most peasants are as pasture, but pasture only consumes a small amount of corn stalk, then peasants be all in corn field one burning, they think that can produce like this fire ash works as fertilizer.To process the fertilizer that corn stalk produces be very micro-to burning method in fact, and corn stalk a large amount of material in the process of burning can mix smog with black and white and fly away, and only produces a small amount of grey vehement.Burning method is processed corn stalk and produced more serious air pollution effect: it is full of smoke that large-area corn stalk burning produces, and causes zonal atmospheric pollution, harm people's health.People should encourage some production technology industries of utilizing corn stalk, reduce or prevention burning corn stalk.
Corn stalk contains a large amount of nutritive substances: a large amount of robust fibre, VITAMIN, trace element, a small amount of protein, amino acid, carbohydrate.Corn stalk is the highest and straw weight/power ratio maximum of nutrient composition content in all food crop straws, and wherein sugar degree is the highest, produces the dense heavy sugared smell of burning during burning corn stalk.The culture material that the plantation of mushroom need to use plant residue to ferment, the mushroom compost nutriment that the abundant plant residue of nutritive substance is fermented into is abundanter.People generally use bagasse or forage to mix few muck and make mushroom compost, but bagasse is measured very rare in a large number for the production of alcohol; The nutrient composition content of other forage is not as corn stalk, and the sugar degree of corn stalk and the content of other nutritive ingredient are all higher than bagasse.
Summary of the invention
Process in order to solve combustion method the air pollution problems inherent that a large amount of corn stalks causes, I have invented the method that corn stalk is made into mushroom compost, this method is made simply, not to be needed to consume energy, do not pollute, the mushroom compost nutriment of making is abundant, can produce the mushroom of hypertrophy, deliciousness, industrialization production in a large number.
The method that corn stalk the is made into mushroom compost technical scheme of taking of dealing with problems is to be undertaken by following step: one, gather or the purchase corn stalk; Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces the corn stalk chip with the straw stamp mill; Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean composting, fermentation place; Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable fermentation compound of humidity; Five, compound is carried out composting 3 week of general fermentation, temperature control, turning, adjusting potential of hydrogen are wanted in fermentation therebetween; Six, it is sterilizing that the compound overlay film after generality is fermented carries out the limit fermentation generation highest temperature; Seven, divide the little bag film of threading to move into the mushroom mushroom cultivation house compound after limit fermentation and sterilization and carry out the mushroom bacterial classification inoculation cultivation.
The growth of mushroom not only needs the culture material that produces after plant fermentation, and needs one not have similar miscellaneous bacteria to compete with it the environment of with parasite, growing, and therefore, the culture material of mushroom must ferment and high-temperature sterilization.Fermentation and sterilizing can carrying out respectively, also can carry out simultaneously, because the process of fermentation produces high temperature, organic abundant straw fermentation more can produce high temperature, institute's can corn stalk be fit to ferment kind of generation high-temperature sterilization.Produce high temperature in corn stalk chip and water, air combining with fermentation process, high temperature can be eliminated a large amount of miscellaneous bacterias and sporophyte, also eliminate parasite and closed section's worm's ovum, fermentation also makes some thermophilic microorganisms multiply in a large number, a large amount of thermophilic microorganisms produces a kind of lytic enzyme, and this lytic enzyme can be decomposed into the nutriment that mushroom is easy to absorb to corn stalk.The method that below corn stalk is made into mushroom compost is carried out the substep explanation.
One. gather or the purchase corn stalk.The culture material of mushroom needs certain humidity, so gather or the corn stalk of purchase with the fresh corn bar of moisture or the corn stalk of withered and yellow drying, can also be entrained with some disorderly grass and a small amount of attach silt, ox Gong,, as long as see from afar it being that corn stalk is just passable, all can purchase.
Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces the corn stalk chip with the straw stamp mill.The fineness degree of chip should, with the sheet of three centimetres of left and right of length, be beneficial to composting and ferment.
Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean composting, fermentation place.Smooth concrete floor just has been fit to, and there is no the place of concrete floor, can also replace at smooth ground paving plastic film.
Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable mixed fermentation material of humidity.The original humidity of fresh corn stalk is fit to, but due to the corn stalk that is mingled with some withered and yellow dryings, so will spray in right amount certain moisture, urea, phosphate fertilizer are dissolved in the water and spray together, can also admix a small amount of ox Gong in chip.Fertilizer can only be a small amount of, and too high concentration of fertilizer can be killed the decomposition microorganism in fermentation material.
Five, the compound composting is carried out generality 3 week of fermentation, want temperature control, turning therebetween, with lime, regulate potential of hydrogen.The purpose of general fermentation is for the corn stalk fermentation is produced into the nutritive substance that mushroom is easy to absorb.WillThe compound that modulates itemize heap on the fermentation place is done, and every heap long strip shape, windrow are naturally loose, needn't compress, because fermentation needs air, be advisable in 1.5 meters left and right of bottom width, piles highly to more than 1 meter highly as far as possible, be ready to the covering of raining of rainproof film.Composting started the heating that heats up in inside after four days, and the epiphragma heating is faster, excavated surface and surpassed 50 with temperature instrumentation internal temperature
.C will harrow reactor startup surface or turning cooling, no matter the time, because temperature rising overlong time can loss the nutritive substance of corn stalk, and too high temperature also can kill and send out a microorganism that produces lytic enzyme, turning is also to ferment for the corn stalk compound surface turns over centre.Turning is regulated potential of hydrogen to neutral with lime therebetween.Turning can be carried out repeatedly, and general fermentation time is about 3 week.
Six, it is sterilizing that the corn stalk compound after generality is fermented carries out the limit fermentation generation highest temperature.Different from the fermentation of the generality of previous step is: limit fermentation purposes is to produce higher temperature eliminating bacteria and sporophyte, comprise and eliminate all parasites and worm's ovum, microorganism.Limit fermentation energy produces and reaches 70
.The high temperature of C, decomposition microorganism at this moment oneself are decomposed the temperature that produces and are killed, and have completed the mission of they fermentations, can not continue to heat up, but this temperature can be utilized and kill miscellaneous bacteria and parasite by us again.Limit fermentation time is very short, detects internal temperature and reaches 70
,The nutritive substance of overlong time meeting loss corn stalk, will ferment too and reach internal temperature 70 after turning with regard to turning in 2 hours in the C left and right
.C just climbed left and right the reactor startup cooling in 2 hours.Limit fermentation is only carried out once (comprising that turning is once) and has just been completed sterilizing purpose, if carry out repeatedly can the loss corn stalk nutritive substance.
Seven, the corn stalk compound after limit fermentation is divided and puts into as the film pouch mushroom house and carry out mushroom bacterial classification inoculation and cultivate.
Embodiment
The method that corn stalk is made into mushroom compost is to implement to carry out by following step.
One, gather or the purchase corn stalk.
Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces the corn stalk chip with the straw stamp mill.The microscler bits sheet of chip take length as 3 centimetres of left and right is for well.
Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean composting, fermentation place.Concrete floor preferably.
Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable mixed fermentation material of humidity.With good conditionsily can add a small amount of ox Gong, account for 0.5%, also can not graze cattle Gong and with fertilizer, replace; Moisture applies by humidity, with hand, firmly pinches and can produce water droplet and be advisable; Add a small amount of urea and phosphate fertilizer to be dissolved in the water to spray to enter compound, the ratio that fertilizer accounts for compound is about 0.2%.
Five, the corn stalk compound is carried out composting three week of general fermentation, want temperature control, turning therebetween, with lime, regulate potential of hydrogen.Fermentation reactor system is surveyed internal temperature therebetween and is arrived 50
.C will climb reactor startup cooling or turning, no matter the time number of times.Be 7.5 to 8 values with the potential of hydrogen of pH value test paper test mixing material, repeatedly turning mixing accent is sufficient for the not enough lime that adds on a small quantity.
Six, the corn stalk compound after the generality fermentation is carried out the fermentation of the film covering type limit produce high-temperature sterilization.Every two heaps of corn stalk mixing stockpile after generality fermentation are also made a pile, and the surface coverage plastics film ferments, allow and ferment to limit top temperature (no longer to raise as the limit), may arrive 70
.The temperature of about C, allow top temperature continue turning after two hours, and the corn stalk of replacing surface mixes expects in the middle of heap that carrying out the limit ferments and climb reactor startup to top temperature after 2 hours and lower the temperature, and limit fermentation and sterilization task is completed.
Seven, divide threading film pouch to move into mushroom house the corn stalk compound after limit fermentation and carry out the mushroom bacterial classification inoculation cultivation.
Claims (1)
1. corn stalk is made into the method for mushroom compost, it is characterized in that step is carried out in the following way: one, gather or the purchase corn stalk; Two, smash into corn stalk to pieces the corn stalk chip with the straw stamp mill; Three, prepare smooth, broad, clean fermentation place; Four, corn stalk chip and a small amount of water, fertilizer are mixed into the suitable mixed fermentation material of humidity; Five, compound is carried out composting three week of general fermentation, want temperature control, turning therebetween, with lime, regulate potential of hydrogen; Six, it is sterilizing that the corn stalk compound after generality is fermented carries out film covering type limit fermentation generation top temperature; Seven, the corn stalk compound after limit fermentation is divided to put into after the film pouch move into mushroom house and carry out mushroom bacterial classification inoculation and cultivate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310372915.0A CN103387471B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310372915.0A CN103387471B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103387471A true CN103387471A (en) | 2013-11-13 |
| CN103387471B CN103387471B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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| CN201310372915.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103387471B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Method for producing mushroom compost from corn stalks |
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| CN (1) | CN103387471B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103650922A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-26 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Method for cultivating dictyophora rubrovolvata from mushroom sticks in bag-removing and soil-covering mode through maize straw fermented materials and decomposed materials |
| CN103922821A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-07-16 | 张文艳 | Method for making mushroom culture material by straw fermentation |
| CN106416750A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 刘纯利 | Quick bag cultivation method for white mushroom on sterilized substrates |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2096349A1 (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1992-05-28 | Michael Barton | Cultivation of mushrooms |
| CN1526269A (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-08 | 朱华高 | Production technology for disporous mushroom base fertilizer |
| CN1528115A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-15 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological method for factorial cultivation of portabella king using animal-plant waste material |
| CN101397224A (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2009-04-01 | 孟桂娟 | Formula for cultivation of bisporous mushroom by stalk and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093106A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-06-15 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Culture substrate for industrial cultivation of agaricus bisporus |
| CN102860215A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 | Cultivation method of agaricus bisporus |
-
2013
- 2013-08-26 CN CN201310372915.0A patent/CN103387471B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2096349A1 (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1992-05-28 | Michael Barton | Cultivation of mushrooms |
| CN1526269A (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-08 | 朱华高 | Production technology for disporous mushroom base fertilizer |
| CN1528115A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-15 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological method for factorial cultivation of portabella king using animal-plant waste material |
| CN101397224A (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2009-04-01 | 孟桂娟 | Formula for cultivation of bisporous mushroom by stalk and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093106A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-06-15 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Culture substrate for industrial cultivation of agaricus bisporus |
| CN102860215A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 | Cultivation method of agaricus bisporus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 石文权等: "玉米秆适宜栽培食用菌种类及关键技术", 《中国食用菌》, vol. 31, no. 1, 15 January 2012 (2012-01-15) * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103922821A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-07-16 | 张文艳 | Method for making mushroom culture material by straw fermentation |
| CN103650922A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-26 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Method for cultivating dictyophora rubrovolvata from mushroom sticks in bag-removing and soil-covering mode through maize straw fermented materials and decomposed materials |
| CN103650922B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-06-03 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Method for cultivating dictyophora rubrovolvata from mushroom sticks in bag-removing and soil-covering mode through maize straw fermented materials and decomposed materials |
| CN106416750A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 刘纯利 | Quick bag cultivation method for white mushroom on sterilized substrates |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103387471B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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Address after: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Beihai Hangzhou road low rent housing area 4 2-302 rooms Applicant after: Li Xianqiang Address before: 535000, C2bB402, two district, Bailey, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Qinzhou Applicant before: Li Xianqiang |
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Address after: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region stars Fangcheng District of Fangchenggang City Road 5 lane 13 Patentee after: Li Xianqiang Address before: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Beihai Hangzhou road low rent housing area 4 2-302 rooms Patentee before: Li Xianqiang |
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Inventor after: Liang Hao Inventor before: Li Xianqiang |
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Effective date of registration: 20170204 Address after: 130000 room, building 1, building No. 222, East democracy Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 6-1 Patentee after: Jilin Zhiyue Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 538000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region stars Fangcheng District of Fangchenggang City Road 5 lane 13 Patentee before: Li Xianqiang |
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