CN107771601A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean Download PDFInfo
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- CN107771601A CN107771601A CN201710884413.4A CN201710884413A CN107771601A CN 107771601 A CN107771601 A CN 107771601A CN 201710884413 A CN201710884413 A CN 201710884413A CN 107771601 A CN107771601 A CN 107771601A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean, is related to cherry seedling-raising technique field, comprises the following steps：(1) cuttings, is selected；(2) root of hair matrix, is configured；(3) root of hair bag, is made；(4), parent is taken root；(5), preparing nursery bed；(6), cuttage；(7), daily management.The present invention effectively increases rooting rate and survival rate, while also shortens seedling raise period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cherry seedling-raising technique field, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean.
Background technology
Gean light, warm, hygrophilous, manurial-philous fruit tree is liked, fruit type is big, and flavor is graceful, eats raw or can processed, cherry
Juice can refine sugar slurry, carbohydrate gum and fruit wine；Kernel can extract oil, like apricot kernel oil.
The common propagation method of european large cherry has the method for growing directly from seeds, the planting of layer, cuttage, grafting, wherein cuttage and seedling culture side
Method is the simplest, but rooting rate is relatively low and required time of taking root is longer.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean, rooting rate and survival rate are effectively increased,
Also shorten seedling raise period simultaneously.
The invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean, comprises the following steps：
(1) cuttings, is selected
The first tenday period of a month in May to mid-June, select to give birth to then on the gean elite stand of robust growth and no disease and pests harm, send out
Substantial semi-lignified branch is educated as cuttings, and diameter is 0.5~0.8cm, length is 12~20cm and with 1~2
Full bud, cut off cuttings middle and lower part blade；
(2) root of hair matrix, is configured
Root of hair matrix includes the raw material of following part meter：24~26 parts of rural area soil, 24~26 parts of cornstarch, expanded perlite
14~16 parts, 9~11 parts of lycopene, 9~11 parts of taurine, 4~6 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, the 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution 4~6
Part, sea green plain 1~3 part, 1~3 part of pine needle meal, 1~3 part of mushroom slag, 0.6~0.8 part of quick lime, 0.6~0.8 part of carbendazim and water
25~30 parts；
Cornstarch is soluble in water, after being dispersed with stirring uniformly, rural area soil and expanded perlite are added according to proportioning, again
It is dispersed with stirring uniformly, obtains base-material, base-material is put into mixer, and sequentially adds surplus stock, under the conditions of 60~80 DEG C,
1~2h is dispersed with stirring with 50~200r/min rotating speed, takes out cooling, regulation water content obtains to less than 5% after sterilization treatment
Root of hair matrix；
(3) root of hair bag, is made
Position girding in cuttings bottom close to section, depth are sprayed untill xylem after girding to wound
Inorganic agent；
From non-woven fabrics, one layer of liver moss is laid on non-woven fabrics, the root of hair base that step (2) obtains then is laid on liver moss
Matter, by non-woven wraps outside foregoing wound, obtain root of hair bag；
(4), parent is taken root
After making root of hair bag, watered in good time to elite stand, keep elite stand base portion surrounding soil moistening；Every 1~2 day, pass through
Syringe injects nutrient solution in the root of hair matrix into root of hair bag, when spike length to be inserted goes out 2~3 root systems, cuttings bottom is cut into section, torn open
Except root of hair bag, prepare cuttage；
(5), preparing nursery bed
Preparing nursery bed, the cobblestone that a layer thickness is 3~5cm is laid in bottom surface, layer of non-woven fabric is then placed, in nonwoven
A layer thickness is placed on cloth as 8~15cm expanded perlite and the mixture of river sand, finally lays a thickness on the mixture
Spend the seedling medium for 5~10cm；
(6), cuttage
Before cuttage, uniformly watered to seedbed, the moisture content of seedling medium is reached 55~58%, cuttings tilts insertion seedbed
In, the angle of cuttings and bed surface is 40~45 °, and depth is 3~5cm, and the seedling medium around cuttings is compacted, and controls cuttage row
Away from being 11~13cm for 26~27cm, spacing in the rows；
(7), daily management
Sunshade is built after cuttage is complete above seedbed, light transmittance is the 40~45% of full exposure；Using sprinkling irrigation mode, skewer
After inserting in 16~19 days, blade face is kept not do；Start to control moisture after 20 days, ensure that blade is not wilted；After cuttage 30 days, canopy is taken off
Hardening；Hereafter, every 10~15 days, once-combined fertilizer is imposed, cuttings well developed root system is treated, obtains seedling, you can plays transplantation of seedlings.
Wherein, the kind of step (1) the gean elite stand is topaz or big purple, in step (2) and step (5)
Expanded perlite be perlite high-temperature calcination under the conditions of 200~300 DEG C, 400~500 DEG C and 500~600 DEG C mixing
Thing.
Wherein, step (2) sterilization treatment is to be irradiated using 45~60W ultraviolet sterilizing lamp lamps at 1.1~1.2m
Root of hair matrix, irradiation time are 2~4h.
Wherein, step (3) inorganic agent includes the raw material of following part meter：55mg/L 24~26 parts of gibberellin, amino
24~26 parts of acid, 19~21 parts of potassium permanganate, 14~16 parts of quick lime, 14~16 parts of chitosan, 4~6 parts of lycopene, ox sulphur
4~6 parts of acid, 1~3 part of ABT root-inducing powders, 1~3 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, sea green plain 1~3 part and 100~102 parts of water, by foregoing each raw material
It is well mixed, obtain the inorganic agent.
Wherein, step (4) parent is taken root and also included：In root of hair bag external spray expelling parasite medicament, snout moth's larva is killed from 50%
Sulphur Emulphors oil 2500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid or 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil are sprayed at outside root of hair bag every 12~15h.
Wherein, after step (4) parent cuts cuttings in taking root, to elite stand wound on smear consolidant, consolidant bag
Include the raw material of following part meter：14~16 parts of polyvinyl acetate, 14~16 parts of gibberellin, 9~11 parts of copper 8-quinolinolate, 6-
It is 9~11 parts of benzyl aminoadenine, 4~6 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 4~6 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, amino acid/11~3 part, sea green plain 1~3 part
With 49~51 parts of water, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the consolidant.
Wherein, step (4) nutrient solution includes the raw material of following part meter：0.006~0.008g/L of boric acid, zinc sulfate
0.004~0.006g/L, 0.0008~0.001g/L of copper sulphate, 0.0006~0.0008g/L of manganese sulfate, ferric sulfate 0.0006~
0.0008g/L, 0.0004~0.0006g/L of calcium superphosphate, 0.0004~0.0006g/L of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate 0.0004~
0.0006g/L and excess water.
Wherein, the step (4) also includes：Black light lamp is installed around elite stand, a basin or water vat are placed under lamp,
Sugar-vinegar liquid is instilled wherein, makes to lure the insect come to drop in water.
Wherein, step (5) seedling medium includes the raw material of following part meter：24~26 parts of rural area soil, mushroom slag 24~26
Part, 14~16 parts of maize straw, 14~16 parts of urea, 9~11 parts of sawdust, 9~11 parts of plant ash.1~2 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate,
30~35 parts of 1~2 part of calcium sulfate, 0.6~0.8 part of chitosan and water.
Wherein, first cuttings is put into water after 40~50min of immersion before step (6) cuttage, then cuttings lower end is put
Enter in the heteroauxin solution that concentration is 1600~1700mg/L and soak cuttage after 5s.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Rooting rate and survival rate are effectively increased, while also shortens seedling raise period, specifically such as
Under：
(1), the present invention combines traditional cottage method, is in place of main difference, after cuttings is transplanted again after parent root of hair
Continue to take root in seedling medium, adopt in such a way, the rooting rate of cuttings can be improved and shorten seedling raise period；Specifically,
Root of hair bag is loaded using root of hair matrix, root of hair bag is wrapped in the wound after cuttings girding, treat its in root of hair matrix and
In the presence of parent, grow and cut again from elite stand after primary root, be put into seedling medium and carry out nursery, obtained cuttings not only root
System is flourishing, transplanting survival rate is high, and can carry the good characteristic of female parent；
(2), the present invention uses non-woven wraps liver moss and root of hair matrix, and liver moss is located between non-woven fabrics and root of hair matrix,
Non-woven fabrics plays permeation functions, and liver moss then makes root of hair bag can be with retain water and nutrients while possessing permeation functions；
(3), root of hair matrix of the invention has the function that to adjust cuttings metabolism intensity, promotes cuttage rooting, wherein,
The sea green element of addition, there is plant regulation and extra-nutrition double action, promote root system development, improve absorption rate；Addition
Lycopene be a kind of very strong antioxidant, the ability with extremely strong removing free radical；The ABT root-inducing powders of addition can be with
By strengthening and regulating and controlling content, the activity of important enzyme of cuttings internal hormone, so as to promote biomolecule to synthesize, promote cuttings indefinite
The generation of root or adventitious bud；
(4), the present invention is in root of hair bag external spray expelling parasite medicament, and black light lamp is installed around elite stand, is placed under lamp
It sugar-vinegar liquid, can prevent from that insect pest occurs when forming primary root, improve survival rate；
(5), root of hair matrix of the invention passes through sterilization treatment, can play a part of improving cuttings disease and insect resistance；Ring
Inorganic agent is sprayed to wound after shape peeling, on the one hand for sterilizing, kills virus remaining in root of hair matrix and worm's ovum etc.,
On the other hand, for promoting the formation of primary root；
(6), the present invention prepares root of hair bag using non-woven fabrics, and raw material are easy to get, and reduces seedling cost, while manufactured root of hair
Bag easy installation and removal, saves the operating time.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and not had to
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Elite stand kind：Topaz
Seedling raise period；On May 2nd, 2016
Nursery place：The Anhui Province Huaibei
Nursery material requested：
Inorganic agent, include the raw material of following part meter：55mg/L 19 parts of 24 parts of 24 parts of gibberellin, amino acid, potassium permanganate,
It is 14 parts of quick lime, 14 parts of chitosan, 4 parts of lycopene, 4 parts of taurine, 1 part of ABT root-inducing powders, 1 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, sea green plain 1 part
With 100 parts of water, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the inorganic agent；
Root of hair matrix includes the raw material of following part meter：24 parts of rural area soil, 24 parts of cornstarch, expanded perlite 14 part, kind
9 parts of Lycopene, 9 parts of taurine, 4 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 4 parts of the 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution, sea green plain 1 part, 1 part of pine needle meal, mushroom
25 parts of 1 part of slag, 0.6 part of quick lime, 0.6 part of carbendazim and water；
Consolidant, include the raw material of following part meter：14 parts of polyvinyl acetate, 14 parts of gibberellin, copper 8-quinolinolate 9
Part, 9 parts of 6- benzyls aminoadenine, 4 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 4 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, amino acid/11 part, sea green plain 1 part and 49 parts of water, will
Foregoing each raw material is well mixed, and obtains the consolidant；
Nutrient solution, include the raw material of following part meter：Boric acid 0.006g/L, zinc sulfate 0.004g/L, copper sulphate 0.0008g/
L, manganese sulfate 0.0006g/L, ferric sulfate 0.0006g/L, calcium superphosphate 0.0004g/L, calcium nitrate 0.0004g/L, potassium nitrate
0.0004g/L and excess water；
Seedling medium, include the raw material of following part meter：24 parts of rural area soil, 24 parts of mushroom slag, 14 parts of maize straw, urea 14
Part, 9 parts of sawdust, 9 parts of plant ash.30 parts of 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of calcium sulfate, 0.6 part of chitosan and water.
The present embodiment 1 provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean, comprises the following steps：
(1) cuttings, is selected
Select to give birth to then on the topaz cherry elite stand of robust growth and no disease and pests harm, develop substantial semi-lignified branch
As cuttings, diameter 0.5cm, length are 12cm and carry 1 full bud, cut off cuttings middle and lower part blade；
(2) root of hair matrix, is configured
Cornstarch is soluble in water, after being dispersed with stirring uniformly, rural area soil and expanded perlite are added according to proportioning, again
It is dispersed with stirring uniformly, obtains base-material, base-material is put into mixer, and sequentially adds surplus stock, under the conditions of 60 DEG C, with
50r/min rotating speed is dispersed with stirring 1h, takes out cooling, and regulation water content obtains root of hair matrix to less than 5% after sterilization treatment；
(3) root of hair bag, is made
Position girding in cuttings bottom close to section, depth are sprayed untill xylem after girding to wound
Inorganic agent；
From non-woven fabrics, one layer of liver moss is laid on non-woven fabrics, the root of hair base that step (2) obtains then is laid on liver moss
Matter, by non-woven wraps outside foregoing wound, obtain root of hair bag；
(4), parent is taken root
After making root of hair bag, watered in good time to elite stand, keep elite stand base portion surrounding soil moistening；Every 1 day, pass through syringe
Nutrient solution is injected in root of hair matrix into root of hair bag, when spike length to be inserted goes out 2 root systems, section is cut into cuttings bottom, removes root of hair
Bag, prepare cuttage；
(5), preparing nursery bed
Preparing nursery bed, the cobblestone that a layer thickness is 3cm is laid in bottom surface, layer of non-woven fabric is then placed, in non-woven fabrics
For upper a layer thickness of placing for 8cm expanded perlite and the mixture of river sand, it is 5cm finally to lay a layer thickness on the mixture
Seedling medium；
(6), cuttage
Before cuttage, uniformly to be watered to seedbed, the moisture content of seedling medium is reached 55%, cuttings is tilted in insertion seedbed,
The angle of cuttings and bed surface is 40 °, depth 3cm, and the seedling medium around cuttings is compacted, and it is 26cm to control cuttage line-spacing,
Spacing in the rows is 11cm；
(7), daily management
Sunshade is built after cuttage is complete above seedbed, light transmittance is the 40% of full exposure；Using sprinkling irrigation mode, after cuttage
In 16 days, blade face is kept not do；Start to control moisture after 20 days, ensure that blade is not wilted；After cuttage 30 days, canopy hardening is taken off；This
Afterwards, every 10 days, once-combined fertilizer is imposed, cuttings well developed root system is treated, obtains seedling, you can plays transplantation of seedlings.
Wherein,
Expanded perlite in the step (2) and step (5) is perlite in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C and 500 DEG C conditions
The mixture of lower high-temperature calcination；
Step (2) sterilization treatment is to irradiate root of hair matrix at 1.1m using 45W ultraviolet sterilizing lamp lamps, during irradiation
Between be 2h；
Step (4) parent is taken root and also included：It is newborn from 50% fenifrothion in root of hair bag external spray expelling parasite medicament
Oily 1000 times of liquid are sprayed at outside root of hair bag every 12h；
After step (4) parent cuts cuttings in taking root, to elite stand wound on smear consolidant；
The step (4) also includes：Black light lamp is installed around elite stand, a basin is placed under lamp, is instilled wherein
Sugar-vinegar liquid, make to lure the insect come to drop in water；
First cuttings is put into water after immersion 40min before step (6) cuttage, then cuttings lower end is put into concentration and is
Cuttage after immersion 5s in 1600mg/L heteroauxin solution.
Embodiment 2
Elite stand kind：It is big purple
Seedling raise period；On May 15th, 2016
Nursery place：The Anhui Province Huaibei
Nursery material requested：
Inorganic agent, include the raw material of following part meter：55mg/L 21 parts of 26 parts of 26 parts of gibberellin, amino acid, potassium permanganate,
It is 16 parts of quick lime, 16 parts of chitosan, 6 parts of lycopene, 6 parts of taurine, 3 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 3 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, sea green plain 3 parts
With 102 parts of water, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the inorganic agent.
Root of hair matrix, include the raw material of following part meter：26 parts of rural area soil, 26 parts of cornstarch, expanded perlite 16 part, kind
11 parts of Lycopene, 11 parts of taurine, 6 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 6 parts of the 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution, sea green plain 3 parts, 3 parts of pine needle meal,
30 parts of 3 parts of mushroom slag, 0.8 part of quick lime, 0.8 part of carbendazim and water；
Consolidant, include the raw material of following part meter：16 parts of polyvinyl acetate, 16 parts of gibberellin, copper 8-quinolinolate
11 parts, 11 parts of 6- benzyls aminoadenine, 6 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 6 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of amino acid, sea green plain 3 parts and water 51
Part, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the consolidant；
Nutrient solution, include the raw material of following part meter：Boric acid 0.008g/L, zinc sulfate 0.006g/L, copper sulphate 0.001g/L,
Manganese sulfate 0.0008g/L, ferric sulfate 0.0008g/L, calcium superphosphate 0.0006g/L, calcium nitrate 0.0006g/L, potassium nitrate
0.0006g/L and excess water.
Seedling medium, include the raw material of following part meter：26 parts of rural area soil, 26 parts of mushroom slag, 16 parts of maize straw, urea 16
Part, 11 parts of sawdust, 11 parts of plant ash.35 parts of 2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of calcium sulfate, 0.8 part of chitosan and water.
The present embodiment 2 provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean, comprises the following steps：
(1) cuttings, is selected
Select to give birth to then on the big purple cherry elite stand of robust growth and no disease and pests harm, develop substantial semi-lignified branch
As cuttings, diameter 0.8cm, length are 20cm and carry 2 full buds, cut off cuttings middle and lower part blade；
(2) root of hair matrix, is configured
Cornstarch is soluble in water, after being dispersed with stirring uniformly, rural area soil and expanded perlite are added according to proportioning, again
It is dispersed with stirring uniformly, obtains base-material, base-material is put into mixer, and sequentially adds surplus stock, under the conditions of 80 DEG C, with
200r/min rotating speed is dispersed with stirring 2h, takes out cooling, and regulation water content obtains root of hair matrix to less than 5% after sterilization treatment；
(3) root of hair bag, is made
Position girding in cuttings bottom close to section, depth are sprayed untill xylem after girding to wound
Inorganic agent；
From non-woven fabrics, one layer of liver moss is laid on non-woven fabrics, the root of hair base that step (2) obtains then is laid on liver moss
Matter, by non-woven wraps outside foregoing wound, obtain root of hair bag；
(4), parent is taken root
After making root of hair bag, watered in good time to elite stand, keep elite stand base portion surrounding soil moistening；Every 2 days, pass through syringe
Nutrient solution is injected in root of hair matrix into root of hair bag, when spike length to be inserted goes out 3 root systems, section is cut into cuttings bottom, removes root of hair
Bag, prepare cuttage；
(5), preparing nursery bed
Preparing nursery bed, the cobblestone that a layer thickness is 5cm is laid in bottom surface, layer of non-woven fabric is then placed, in non-woven fabrics
Upper a layer thickness of placing is 15cm expanded perlite and the mixture of river sand, and finally laying a layer thickness is on the mixture
10cm seedling medium；
(6), cuttage
Before cuttage, uniformly to be watered to seedbed, the moisture content of seedling medium is reached 58%, cuttings is tilted in insertion seedbed,
The angle of cuttings and bed surface is 45 °, depth 5cm, and the seedling medium around cuttings is compacted, and it is 27cm to control cuttage line-spacing,
Spacing in the rows is 13cm；
(7), daily management
Sunshade is built after cuttage is complete above seedbed, light transmittance is the 45% of full exposure；Using sprinkling irrigation mode, after cuttage
In 19 days, blade face is kept not do；Start to control moisture after 20 days, ensure that blade is not wilted；After cuttage 30 days, canopy hardening is taken off；This
Afterwards, every 15 days, once-combined fertilizer is imposed, cuttings well developed root system is treated, obtains seedling, you can plays transplantation of seedlings.
Wherein,
Expanded perlite in the step (2) and step (5) is perlite in 300 DEG C, 500 DEG C and 600 DEG C conditions
The mixture of lower high-temperature calcination；
Step (2) sterilization treatment is to irradiate root of hair matrix at 1.2m using 60W ultraviolet sterilizing lamp lamps, during irradiation
Between be 2~4h；
Step (4) parent is taken root and also included：In root of hair bag external spray expelling parasite medicament, from 2.5% decis
2500 times of liquid of missible oil are sprayed at outside root of hair bag every 12~15h；
After step (4) parent cuts cuttings in taking root, to elite stand wound on smear consolidant；
The step (4) also includes：Black light lamp is installed around elite stand, a water vat is placed under lamp, is instilled wherein
Sugar-vinegar liquid, make to lure the insect come to drop in water；
First cuttings is put into water after immersion 50min before step (6) cuttage, then cuttings lower end is put into concentration and is
Cuttage after immersion 5s in 1700mg/L heteroauxin solution.
Embodiment 3
Elite stand kind：Topaz
Seedling raise period；On June 13rd, 2016
Nursery place：The Anhui Province Huaibei
Nursery material requested：
Root of hair matrix, include the raw material of following part meter：25 parts of rural area soil, 25 parts of cornstarch, expanded perlite 15 part, kind
10 parts of Lycopene, 10 parts of taurine, 5 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 5 parts of the 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution, sea green plain 2 parts, 2 parts of pine needle meal,
27 parts of 2 parts of mushroom slag, 0.7 part of quick lime, 0.7 part of carbendazim and water；
Inorganic agent, include the raw material of following part meter：55mg/L 20 parts of 25 parts of 25 parts of gibberellin, amino acid, potassium permanganate,
It is 15 parts of quick lime, 15 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of lycopene, 5 parts of taurine, 2 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 2 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, sea green plain 2 parts
With 101 parts of water, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the inorganic agent；
Nutrient solution, include the raw material of following part meter：Boric acid 0.007g/L, zinc sulfate 0.005g/L, copper sulphate 0.0009g/
L, manganese sulfate 0.0007g/L, ferric sulfate 0.0007g/L, calcium superphosphate 0.0005g/L, calcium nitrate 0.0005g/L, potassium nitrate
0.0005g/L and excess water；
Consolidant, include the raw material of following part meter：15 parts of polyvinyl acetate, 15 parts of gibberellin, copper 8-quinolinolate
10 parts, 10 parts of 6- benzyls aminoadenine, 5 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts of amino acid, sea green plain 2 parts and water 50
Part, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the consolidant；
Seedling medium, include the raw material of following part meter：25 parts of rural area soil, 25 parts of mushroom slag, 15 parts of maize straw, urea 15
Part, 10 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of plant ash.32 parts of 1.5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5 parts of calcium sulfate, 0.7 part of chitosan and water.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of 3 gean of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) cuttings, is selected
Select to give birth to then on the topaz cherry elite stand of robust growth and no disease and pests harm, develop substantial semi-lignified branch
As cuttings, diameter 0.6cm, length are 18cm and carry 2 full buds, cut off cuttings middle and lower part blade；
(2) root of hair matrix, is configured
Cornstarch is soluble in water, after being dispersed with stirring uniformly, rural area soil and expanded perlite are added according to proportioning, again
It is dispersed with stirring uniformly, obtains base-material, base-material is put into mixer, and sequentially adds surplus stock, under the conditions of 70 DEG C, with
100r/min rotating speed is dispersed with stirring 1.5h, takes out cooling, and regulation water content obtains root of hair base to less than 5% after sterilization treatment
Matter；
(3) root of hair bag, is made
Position girding in cuttings bottom close to section, depth are sprayed untill xylem after girding to wound
Inorganic agent；
From non-woven fabrics, one layer of liver moss is laid on non-woven fabrics, the root of hair base that step (2) obtains then is laid on liver moss
Matter, by non-woven wraps outside foregoing wound, obtain root of hair bag；
(4), parent is taken root
After making root of hair bag, watered in good time to elite stand, keep elite stand base portion surrounding soil moistening；Every 1 day, pass through syringe
Nutrient solution is injected in root of hair matrix into root of hair bag, when spike length to be inserted goes out 3 root systems, section is cut into cuttings bottom, removes root of hair
Bag, prepare cuttage；
(5), preparing nursery bed
Preparing nursery bed, the cobblestone that a layer thickness is 4cm is laid in bottom surface, layer of non-woven fabric is then placed, in non-woven fabrics
Upper a layer thickness of placing is 12cm expanded perlite and the mixture of river sand, and finally laying a layer thickness is on the mixture
7cm seedling medium；
(6), cuttage
Before cuttage, uniformly to be watered to seedbed, the moisture content of seedling medium is reached 56%, cuttings is tilted in insertion seedbed,
The angle of cuttings and bed surface is 43 °, depth 4cm, and the seedling medium around cuttings is compacted, and it is 26m to control cuttage line-spacing, strain
Away from for 12cm；
(7), daily management
Sunshade is built after cuttage is complete above seedbed, light transmittance is the 43% of full exposure；Using sprinkling irrigation mode, after cuttage
In 18 days, blade face is kept not do；Start to control moisture after 20 days, ensure that blade is not wilted；After cuttage 30 days, canopy hardening is taken off；This
Afterwards, every 12 days, once-combined fertilizer is imposed, cuttings well developed root system is treated, obtains seedling, you can plays transplantation of seedlings.
Wherein,
Expanded perlite in the step (2) and step (5) is perlite in 250 DEG C, 450 DEG C and 550 DEG C conditions
The mixture of lower high-temperature calcination；
Step (2) sterilization treatment is to irradiate root of hair matrix at 1.1m using 50W ultraviolet sterilizing lamp lamps, during irradiation
Between be 3h；
Step (4) parent is taken root and also included：It is newborn from 50% fenifrothion in root of hair bag external spray expelling parasite medicament
Oily 1000 times of liquid are sprayed at outside root of hair bag every 13h；
After step (4) parent cuts cuttings in taking root, to elite stand wound on smear consolidant；
The step (4) also includes：Black light lamp is installed around elite stand, a basin is placed under lamp, is instilled wherein
Sugar-vinegar liquid, make to lure the insect come to drop in water；
First cuttings is put into water after immersion 45min before step (6) cuttage, then cuttings lower end is put into concentration and is
Cuttage after immersion 5s in 1650mg/L heteroauxin solution.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1：Comparative example 1 compared with Example 1, without the operation of step (2), fills using only conventional seedbed system matrix
Enter root of hair bag, method and step all same in addition；
Comparative example 2：Comparative example 2 compared with Example 2, without the operation of step (2), (3) and (4), side in addition
Method step all same；
Comparative example 3：Nursery is carried out using normal cutting propagation method；
Ensure that the cutting for being derived from same elite stand carries out nursery using above-mentioned 3 embodiments, 3 comparative examples respectively, through excessive
Secondary experiment, as a result such as table 1：
The result of the test of table 1
Wherein, rooting rate=number/cuttings of taking root number；Survival rate of seedling=seedling numbers/cuttings number, in seedling numbers table 1
It is not shown；
According to the data of table 1, following result can obtain：
(1) comparative example 1, is above using the method nursery of embodiment 1~3, survival rate of seedling, rooting rate and average root long
~3 method for culturing seedlings, rootage duration shorten；
(2) it is raw compared with loading the comparative example 1 of root of hair bag using only conventional seedbed system matrix, using the method for embodiment 1
Root rate improves 1.5%, and average root long adds 0.2cm, and rootage duration shortens 0.1 day, and survival rate of seedling improves
1.5%, it follows that the root of hair matrix of the present invention, can effectively facilitate cytoactive, accelerate to promote root system generation；
(3), using the method for embodiment 2, compared with the comparative example 2 for operation of being taken root without parent, rooting rate improves
4.5%, average root long adds 0.3cm, and rootage duration shortens 0.5 day, and survival rate of seedling improves 5%, it follows that this
The method that invention parent is taken root, it can significantly accelerate to promote root system generation, improve survival rate of seedling；
(4), using the method for embodiment 3, compared with the comparative example 3 of nursery is carried out using normal cutting propagation method, rooting rate
20.5% is improved, average root long adds 0.4cm, and rootage duration shortens 2.9 days, and survival rate of seedling improves 23%, by
This understands that the present invention is taken root the method being combined with traditional cuttage technique using parent, effectively increases rooting rate and survival rate,
Also shorten seedling raise period simultaneously.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of gean, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) cuttings, is selected
The first tenday period of a month in May to mid-June, select to give birth to then on the gean elite stand of robust growth and no disease and pests harm, develop and fill
For real semi-lignified branch as cuttings, diameter is 0.5~0.8cm, length is 12~20cm and full with 1~2
Bud, cut off cuttings middle and lower part blade；
(2) root of hair matrix, is configured
Root of hair matrix includes the raw material of following part meter：24~26 parts of rural area soil, 24~26 parts of cornstarch, expanded perlite 14~
16 parts, 9~11 parts of lycopene, 9~11 parts of taurine, 4~6 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 4~6 parts of the 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution, sea
Green plain 1~3 part, 1~3 part of pine needle meal, 1~3 part of mushroom slag, 0.6~0.8 part of quick lime, 0.6~0.8 part of carbendazim and water 25~
30 parts；
Cornstarch is soluble in water, after being dispersed with stirring uniformly, rural area soil and expanded perlite are added according to proportioning, is again stirring for
It is uniformly dispersed, obtains base-material, base-material is put into mixer, and sequentially add surplus stock, under the conditions of 60~80 DEG C, with 50
~200r/min rotating speed is dispersed with stirring 1~2h, takes out cooling, and regulation water content obtains root of hair to less than 5% after sterilization treatment
Matrix；
(3) root of hair bag, is made
Position girding in cuttings bottom close to section, depth are handled untill xylem after girding to wound sprinkling
Agent；
From non-woven fabrics, one layer of liver moss is laid on non-woven fabrics, the root of hair matrix that step (2) obtains then is laid on liver moss,
By non-woven wraps outside foregoing wound, root of hair bag is obtained；
(4), parent is taken root
After making root of hair bag, watered in good time to elite stand, keep elite stand base portion surrounding soil moistening；Every 1~2 day, pass through syringe
Nutrient solution is injected in root of hair matrix into root of hair bag, when spike length to be inserted goes out 2~3 root systems, section is cut into cuttings bottom, removes hair
Root bag, prepare cuttage；
(5), preparing nursery bed
Preparing nursery bed, the cobblestone that a layer thickness is 3~5cm is laid in bottom surface, layer of non-woven fabric is then placed, on non-woven fabrics
A layer thickness is placed as 8~15cm expanded perlite and the mixture of river sand, it is 5 finally to lay a layer thickness on the mixture
~10cm seedling medium；
(6), cuttage
Before cuttage, uniformly to be watered to seedbed, the moisture content of seedling medium is reached 55~58%, cuttings is tilted in insertion seedbed,
The angle of cuttings and bed surface is 40~45 °, and depth is 3~5cm, and the seedling medium around cuttings is compacted, and controls cuttage line-spacing
For 26~27cm, spacing in the rows is 11~13cm；
(7), daily management
Sunshade is built after cuttage is complete above seedbed, light transmittance is the 40~45% of full exposure；Using sprinkling irrigation mode, after cuttage
In 16~19 days, blade face is kept not do；Start to control moisture after 20 days, ensure that blade is not wilted；After cuttage 30 days, canopy refining is taken off
Seedling；Hereafter, every 10~15 days, once-combined fertilizer is imposed, cuttings well developed root system is treated, obtains seedling, you can plays transplantation of seedlings.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the European sweet tea cherry of step (1)
The kind of peach elite stand is topaz or big purple, and the expanded perlite in step (2) and step (5) is perlite 200~300
DEG C, under the conditions of 400~500 DEG C and 500~600 DEG C high-temperature calcination mixture.
3. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) sterilization treatment
To irradiate root of hair matrix at 1.1~1.2m using 45~60W ultraviolet sterilizing lamp lamps, irradiation time is 2~4h.
4. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) the inorganic agent bag
Include the raw material of following part meter：55mg/L 19~21 parts of 24~26 parts of 24~26 parts of gibberellin, amino acid, potassium permanganate, raw stone
14~16 parts of ash, 14~16 parts of chitosan, 4~6 parts of lycopene, 4~6 parts of taurine, 1~3 part of ABT root-inducing powders, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 1
~3 parts, sea green plain 1~3 part and 100~102 parts of water, foregoing each raw material is well mixed, obtains the inorganic agent.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) parent is taken root
Also include：In root of hair bag external spray expelling parasite medicament, from 50% sumithion cream, 1000 times of liquid or 2.5% decis
2500 times of liquid of missible oil are sprayed at outside root of hair bag every 12~15h.
6. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) parent is taken root
In cut cuttings after, to elite stand wound on smear consolidant, consolidant includes the raw material of following part meter：Polyvinyl acetate 14
~16 parts, 14~16 parts of gibberellin, 9~11 parts of copper 8-quinolinolate, 9~11 parts of 6- benzyls aminoadenine, 4~6 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate,
4~6 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, amino acid/11~3 part, sea green plain 1~3 part and 49~51 parts of water, foregoing each raw material is mixed equal
It is even, obtain the consolidant.
7. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) the nutrient solution bag
Include the raw material of following part meter：0.006~0.008g/L of boric acid, 0.004~0.006g/L of zinc sulfate, copper sulphate 0.0008~
0.001g/L, 0.0006~0.0008g/L of manganese sulfate, 0.0006~0.0008g/L of ferric sulfate, calcium superphosphate 0.0004~
0.0006g/L, 0.0004~0.0006g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.0004~0.0006g/L of potassium nitrate and excess water.
8. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (4) also includes：
Black light lamp is installed around elite stand, a basin or water vat are placed under lamp, instills sugar-vinegar liquid wherein, makes to lure the insect come to drop
In water.
9. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (5) seedling medium
Include the raw material of following part meter：24~26 parts of rural area soil, 24~26 parts of mushroom slag, 14~16 parts of maize straw, 14~16 parts of urea,
9~11 parts of sawdust, 9~11 parts of plant ash.1~2 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1~2 part of calcium sulfate, 0.6~0.8 part of chitosan and water
30~35 parts.
10. the method for culturing seedlings of gean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before step (6) cuttage first
Cuttings is put into after soaking 40~50min in water, then cuttings lower end is put into the heteroauxin that concentration is 1600~1700mg/L
Cuttage after immersion 5s in solution.
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| CN109618698A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-16 | 福建省亚热带植物研究所 | A kind of Taiwan leaflet V. amurensis cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN109952873A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-02 | 广西福桐林业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of quick grafting blueness shaddock |
| CN111034479A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-21 | 中国农业大学 | Cutting seedling raising method for pyrus betulaefolia |
| CN112243782A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 南宁市橘利中草药种植农民专业合作社 | Cultivation method of exocarpium citri rubrum |
| CN114303772A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 南京千亩休闲农业发展有限公司 | Seedling raising method for sweet cherries in southern regions |
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Application publication date: 20180309 |