CN107580965B

CN107580965B - Grape cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN107580965B
Application number: CN201710817291.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱礼军; 周海庭; 王自强; 马涛涛; 王绪涛; 王岩; 彭江南; 王吉强; 勾高峰
Original assignee: Sinochem Yantai Crop Nutrition Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sinochem Linyi Crop Nutrition Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-09-12
Filing date: 2017-09-12
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-12
Also published as: CN107580965A

Abstract

The invention provides a grape cultivation method. Selecting hard branches of dozens of Kyoho grapes as scions; selecting dozens of summer black grape trees as rootstocks and pollination trees; grafting the hard branches of the Kyoho grapes and the summer black grape trees in 5 months, after the hard branches survive, only one Kyoho grafted branch is reserved for each tree, and the rest branches are cut; in the same year, mating the grafted huge peak after blooming with the same plant after blooming in summer black, and carrying out isolated pollination; in the same year, after the grafted huge peak on the summer black tree fruits, seeds are taken and buried in sandy soil, seedlings are grown in 3 months in the next year, and green branches are transplanted in 7 months in the same year. The average fruit grain weight of the variety is about 12 g, and the sugar content is about 16-18%. The maturation period is about 20 days earlier than that of the Kyoho and about 10 days later than that of the summer black. Effectively solves the problems of serious large and small particle size of the Kyoho and difficult fruit setting in the flowering period. The only disadvantage is that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has no immunity to the gray mold and needs to prevent the gray mold more than other varieties.

Description

Grape cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a grape cultivation method.

Background

The Kyoho grape is a hybrid medium-maturing tetraploid grape variety in Europe and America, and has strong adaptability, good disease resistance and cold resistance, large fruit spike and large grains, the average spike weight is 400-600 g, the average fruit grain weight is about 12 g, and the maximum value can reach 20 g. Mature in late 8 months, purple black when mature, thick peel, much fruit powder, soft pulp, sweet and juicy taste, strawberry fragrance, easy separation of peel, meat and seeds, 16% of sugar content, serious defects of the variety, large and small grains and difficult fruit setting in flowering period. But still remains one of the grape varieties mainly planted in China at present due to good taste.

The summer black grape giant peak offspring has conical or divergent shoulders, large clusters, about 420 g of average cluster weight, regular cluster size and tight fruit grain growing. The fruit grains are nearly round, the weight of the natural grains is about 3.5 g, the fruit grains can reach 7.5 g after being treated by gibberellin, the fruit peel is purple black, and the fruits are easy to color and uniform in color and ripeness. The fruit powder is thick and the peel is thick and crisp. The fruit pulp is hard and crisp, has no meat capsule, and the fruit juice is purplish red, has the soluble solid content of 20 percent, has stronger strawberry fragrance, has no core, and has excellent quality. The variety has the defects that the fruit grains are small, gibberellin treatment is needed, the labor cost for flower and fruit combing is high, but the variety is one of the grape varieties mainly planted in China at present due to low planting difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method for cultivating a new variety of the Jinying grape. The strawberry fruit juice has the characteristics of thick peel, more fruit powder, soft pulp, sweet and juicy taste, strawberry fragrance, and easy separation of peel, pulp and seeds, and also has the characteristics of regular cluster size and tight growing of fruit grains, the average grain weight is about 12 g, and the sugar content is about 16-18%. The maturation period is about 20 days earlier than that of the Kyoho and about 10 days later than that of the summer black. Effectively solves the problems of serious large and small particle size of the Kyoho and difficult fruit setting in the flowering period. The only disadvantage is that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has no immunity to the gray mold and needs to prevent the gray mold more than other varieties.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a grape cultivation method comprises the following steps:

a. selecting hard branches of dozens of Kyoho grapes as scions;

b. selecting dozens of summer black grape trees as rootstocks and pollination trees;

c. grafting the hard branches of the Kyoho grapes and the summer black grape trees in 5 months, after the hard branches survive, only one Kyoho grafted branch is reserved for each tree, and the rest branches are cut;

d. in the same year, mating the grafted huge peak after blooming with the same plant after blooming in summer black, and carrying out isolated pollination;

e. in the same year, after the grafted huge peak on the summer black tree fruits, seeds are taken and buried in sandy soil, seedlings are grown in 3 months in the next year, and green branches are transplanted in 7 months in the same year.

Preferably, the number ratio of the hard branches of the Kyoho grapes to the summer black grape vines is 3: 1.

preferably, the hard branches of the Kyoho grapes are bred in winter, and the branches are wrapped by a freshness protection package and stored at 3-5 ℃.

Preferably, before grafting, the Kyoho branches are soaked in clear water for 12 hours, then dried and reselected.

Preferably, a thin film greenhouse is adopted during isolation pollination.

Preferably, the seedling culture is nutrient bag seedling culture in a thin film greenhouse.

Preferably, the plants after green branch transplantation can bear fruits in the next year.

Preferably, the plant maturation period after green branch transplantation is about 20 days earlier than that of Kyoho and about 10 days later than that of summer black.

Preferably, the average fruit grain weight of the fruit is about 12 g.

Preferably, the fruit contains about 16-18% sugar.

The invention has the advantages of

(1) The fruits cultivated by the method are delicious, have thick peel, much fruit powder, soft pulp, sweet and juicy taste, have strawberry fragrance and are easy to separate peel, meat and seeds, and also have the characteristics of regular cluster size and compact fruit grain growing, the average fruit grain weight is about 12 g, and the sugar content is about 16-18%. The maturation period is about 20 days earlier than that of the Kyoho and about 10 days later than that of the summer black. Effectively solves the problems of serious large and small particle size of the Kyoho and difficult fruit setting in the flowering period. The only disadvantage is that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has no immunity to the gray mold and needs to prevent the gray mold more than other varieties.

(2) The product is the descendant of Kyoho, and is cultivated by Ju Jiang army for three years, named as Jinying. Gold is a magic element in the nature, yellow and red, and gold is the most brilliant gloss color, and is a pure color from the middle to the top of nature, and is the color of the sun, representing warmth and happiness, and also has charm of shining people and shining light, can give people a sense of stability, calmness and simplicity, and also has leisure, noble and mature quality. The hawk, the image of Chinese national culture, can trace back to totem worship of the original society, is a magic avatar, is worried as a mysterious bird for thousands of years, and the hawk has the meaning of attacking the sky, and is not afraid of difficulty and courage forward. .

(3) The method is simple, high in survival rate, strong in practicability and easy to popularize.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

FIG. 1 is a Kyoho winter cutmap;

FIG. 2 is a eagle planting map;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the growth of the Jinying tree;

FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the fruit ears of Jinying Kyoho;

FIG. 5 is a comparison of the mature fruit of eagle's giant.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

Example 1

1) Breeding hard branches of 36 Kyoho grapes in winter pruning, wrapping the hard branches with a fresh-keeping bag, and putting the fresh-keeping bag into a refrigerator, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 3-5 ℃;

2) 12 summer black grape trees are bred in the next year and marked as rootstocks and pollination trees;

3) taking out 36 Kyoho branches as scions from a refrigerator in grafting for 5 months, soaking the scions in clear water for 12 hours, airing the scions, and then selecting branches with the thickness similar to that of summer black for grafting, wherein 3 Kyoho branches are grafted in each summer black;

4) after the giant peak branches grafted in 12 summer black trees survive, one giant peak grafted branch is reserved in each tree, and the others are cut;

5) mating 12 same-plant summer black flowers after the giant peak grafted in the current year blooms, and carrying out isolated pollination by using a thin-film greenhouse;

6) and (3) obtaining seeds after the mature giant peak fruiting seeds grafted on summer black trees in the same year are buried in sandy soil, carrying out nutrition bag seedling culture in a thin film greenhouse in the next month, and carrying out green branch transplanting in the same month in July, so that fruiting can be carried out in the next year.

7) The obtained fruit has good taste, thick peel, much fruit powder, soft pulp, sweet and juicy taste, strawberry fragrance, and easy separation of peel, meat and seeds, and has the characteristics of regular cluster size and tight fruit granule growing, the average fruit granule weight is about 12 g, and the sugar content is about 16-18%. The maturation period is about 20 days earlier than that of the Kyoho and about 10 days later than that of the summer black. Effectively solves the problems of serious large and small particle size of the Kyoho and difficult fruit setting in the flowering period. The only disadvantage is that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has no immunity to the gray mold and needs to prevent the gray mold more than other varieties.

Comparison of Jinying with Kyoho varieties

1. The winter pruning of the gold hawk is suitable for the pruning of two buds, and the huge peak is suitable for the pruning of a middle tip, as shown in figure 1;

2. the eagle tree body is suitable for growing, and 1-4 plants are planted per mu, as shown in figure 2;

3. the growth of the golden eagle tree body is beneficial to the moderate vigor of the tree and the differentiation of flower buds, as shown in figure 3;

4. the golden hawk has compact ears and regular and uniform size; the Jufeng ears are loose and have obvious big and small grains, as shown in figure 4;

5. the eagle maturation was about 20 days earlier than the Kyoho, and even more, as shown in FIG. 5.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A grape cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. selecting hard branches of dozens of Kyoho grapes as scions;

the number ratio of the hard branches of the Kyoho grapes to the summer black grape vines is 3: 1;

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hard branches of the Kyoho grapes are bred in winter pruning, and the branches are wrapped by a freshness protection package and stored at 3-5 ℃.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein before grafting, the Kyoho branches are soaked in clear water for 12 hours, then air-dried and reselected.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said isolated pollination is performed using a thin film greenhouse.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the growing of seedlings is growing seedlings in nutrient bags in a thin film greenhouse.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said plant after green shoot transplantation is ready for fruiting the next year.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the plant maturation period after green shoot transplantation is about 20 days earlier than that of Kyoho and about 10 days later than that of Xiahou.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the fruit has an average fruit grain weight of about 12 grams.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the fruit contains 16-18% sugar.