CN102823487B

CN102823487B - Method for cultivating new grape variety Bairu grape

Info

Publication number: CN102823487B
Application number: CN201210332191.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马保良
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-09-10
Filing date: 2012-09-10
Publication date: 2015-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-10
Also published as: CN102823487A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cultivating a new grape variety Bairu grape, which adopts the steps of grafting a wild grapevine on a Chaueh grapevine, and then domesticating to obtain the Bairu grape by hybridizing, pollinating and fruit processing. When the fruits are processed, 80% of gibberellins is added into 30 jin of water, and then 2g of streptomycin is added, and 30 jin of water is added again so as to uniformly mix; after the grape flowers are completely bloomed, the spikes are dipped into liquid medicine after the vice fringes are removed; the second processing is carried out after 6 to 8 days of the first cluster processing, and the processing method is the same as the first step; and finally, phytohormones are utilized to process: before 3 to 5 days of blooming, the clusters are lengthened, each gram of the phytohormones is added with 60 jin of water, and the spicas are sprayed by a sprayer or dipped; and meanwhile, after 3 to 5 days of blooming, the phytohormones with concentration of 20% are added and then 10 jin of water is added, so that the clusters are dipped by the liquid medicine. The new grape variety prepared by the method provided by the invention has the characteristics of cold resistance and drought resistance, and the fruits are good in taste, so that the new grape variety Bairu grape is suitable for being planted in the North.

Description

A kind of breeding method of new grape variety Bairu grape

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural crops technical field, particularly a kind of Cultivating techniques of new grape variety.

Background technology

Amur grape has another name called V. amurensis, is Vitaceae fallen leaves lianas, for perennial liana climbs fruit tree.Hairy grape stem is more than 15 meters, bark crineous or bronzing, and rattan crawls or helps on other trees.Bryony tree tendril top and leaf are to life, and single leaf alternate, bottle green, width egg shape, autumn, leaf often reddened.Disease-resistant, cold-resistant, moisture-resistant power is strong, is excellent cold-resistant stock, has very strong growing ability in wild environment.

Amur grape tree dioecism, 5 ~ June of florescence, panicle with to life, spend little and many, yellow green.Its plant strain growth gesture is strong, and fruit bearing shoot accounts for 60.9% of eye sum, and the average fruit ear number on each fruit bearing shoot is 1.8, the fruit phase 8-9 month, growth number of days fully ripe from rudiment to fruit is 137 days, and active accumulated temperature is 2985 DEG C, mid or late September is ripe, belongs to middle seasonal strain.Fruit is spheroidal berry, the blue white bloom of black lilac band, the sweet acid of taste, micro-puckery, and property is put down, nontoxic.In really ripe season, the round sparkling and crystal-clear purple grape of string string sets off among hill jungle, very charming.

Qin_Ba mountain areas is because being gained the name by mountain range, the Bashan Mountain and then the special region that forms by Qinling Mountains Yu Mai and south in north.The Qinling Mountains is physical geography line of demarcation, China north and south, is also the watershed of the Changjiang river, the large water system in the Yellow River two, is the Connect area of East Asia two macroflora, Chinese Himalaya forest subprovince and Japanese forest subprovince; Mountain range, the Bashan Mountain, also known as Daba Mountain, is one natural cover for defense between Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hubei, and east orientation extension just defines the natural wonders such as world-famous Wudang Mountain and Shennongjia.

Although amur grape is containing rich in protein, carbohydrate, mineral matter and multivitamin, be abnormal rare intermountain wild fruit, amur grape general fringe grain is all little, and output is lower, and economic worth is too little.

Summary of the invention

The present invention seeks to cultivate a kind of Virgin's milk grape to amur grape by crossbreeding and improvement.

A breeding method for new grape variety Bairu grape, is characterized in that implementing in accordance with the following steps:

(1) grafting: choose the grafting of amur grape tree on my assorted (Chaueh) vine of card;

(2) hybridize: above-mentioned Grafted Variety again with my assorted (Chaueh) vine mating of card;

(3) pollinate: by isolation pollination grafting copy, the fruit of forming then obtains seed to maturation in autumn, imbeds sandy soil and carries out nutritional bag to next spring, summer then, and green branch is transplanted;

(4) fruit process: above-mentioned green branch is transplanted kind fruit in the coming year and is handled as follows:

The first: 80% red toxin adds 30 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, then adds 2 grams of streptomycins, then adds in 30 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, stirs; The secondary fringe of the completely open removing afterwards of grape flower carries out liquid and dips in fringe;

Second: 68 days after first time fruit ear process carry out second time process, the same first step of processing method;

3rd: use Plant hormone treatment:

A () is the flowers are in blossom front 3---and 5 days, carry out elongation fruit ear, every gram of plant hormone adds 60 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, with sprayer spraying or dip in Hua Sui;

B () is after spending 3---and within 5 days, with concentration 20% plant hormone, then add 10 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water liquids and dip in fruit;

(5) tame: pluck step 4 and obtain fruit and repeatedly repeat step 3 and 4 and can obtain Virgin's milk grape.

Leaching fruit ear leaf preferably removes secondary fringe, then pinches the fringe point of 1/5th; Process is chosen on healthy tree and is carried out, a general fringe fruit, secondary fringe removing.

Kind of the present invention is germinateed at the beginning of 3 months from solar calendar in Guanzhong Region, Shaanxi Province, China, blooms by the end of May, and on July about 20 is ripe.And be suspended in the tree by the end of October.Specifically there is following feature

1. plant because this kind belongs to American-European, blade back villous, 5-6 medicine (whole year), leaf is frost-resistant cold, the anti-hemorrhagic black smallpox of fruit.Fruit tree leaf is also dark green for November.

2. cold-resistant; In the winter time without undercarriage, cold-proof.

3. drought resisting; Only need winter to water a water, be applicable to nonirrigated farmland plantation.

4. get bumper crops; Plant and just can bear fruit for latter 2 years, 3 years high yields, abloom rate can reach 95%, general branch has 2 colored fringes.In order to high-quality, every fringe, per mu yield controls 5---6 very heavy between.

5. high-quality, delicious; This fruit is without seed entirely, and fruit type is mare's milk shape, and fruit is compact, as white as polished jade after ripe.Sweet mouthfeel, delicious, have and eat and the sensation do not minded.Sugar maturation can reach more than 20, is also the good raw material cooking wine

6. the longevity is older, manageable.Manage pinching make fork after, regardless of disorderly long branch is ripe fast, each bud has fruit ear.Never exist and there is no fruit ear.

Embodiment

Seed selection 10 blocks my assorted (Chaueh) vine, the vine (its disease resistance is extremely strong) that amur grape (having another name called V. amurensis) also do not fall leaves is chosen from Qin Lingshan, draw hard branch then and carry out sand Tibetan, arrived Second Year grafting on my assorted (Chaueh) vine of card, bloom then again with I 10 block I assorted (Chaueh) and set mating.

Because blocking my assorted (Chaueh) vine is unisexual flower, can not normal fertilization, so it has instaminate flower, male flower is educated, in that mountain is hermaphrodite flower, isolation pollination is carried out with plastic greenhouse, that is skill sets upper grafting copy, the fruit of forming then obtains kind of a cultivated life to maturation in autumn and in plastic tunnel, carry out nutritional bag to March in the coming year in sandy soil, July then, green branch is transplanted, Second Year just connects fruit, because the fruit special mouthfeel born is fond of eating, but fruit grain is very little, only have about 4 grams, in order to allow its energy normal outcome, and fruit grain is large, carry out experiment in 7 years, sum up processing method:

1, usage: red toxin 80% content adds 30 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, then adds 2 grams of streptomycins, and red toxin alcohol is first dissolved.Add in 30 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water again, water temperature will 20---and between 26 degree, container can not use metal object, and stirring wooden stick or bamboo, stir, then add the streptomycin dissolved with alcohol, and then stir.

(1) service time: after grape flower opens completely and namely spend latter 3,5 days to be best period, the flower of the secondary fringe of observation caliber, opening completely, at this moment removes secondary fringe and carries out dipping in fringe.

(2) in order to allow fruit increase 10---12 grams, after first time fruit ear process 6---8 days

Carry out second time process, processing method is the same.

2, with strange precious (plant hormone), produced in USA) process:

(1) the flowers are in blossom front 3---5 days, carry out elongation fruit ear, every Ke Qibao adds 60 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, with sprayer spraying or dip in Hua Sui

(2) after spending 3---within 5 days, first strange treasured adds 10 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water and dips in fruit with 20% strange precious preparation.

(3) if make fruit larger, 6 are being waited---within 8 days, carry out second time process.Want batch processing, carry out mark.

Process points for attention;

(1) strictly to use by correct concentration and time, can not arbitrarily change.

(2) soak fruit ear leaf and preferably remove secondary fringe.Pinch the fringe point of 1/5th again.Fruit ear can be made compact attractive in appearance.

(3) process consequence large, fruit-setting rate is high, and output is large, and per mu yield controls 3500---and about 5000 jin.

(4) process will be carried out on other healthy trees.A general fringe fruit, secondary fringe removing.

(5) rich water quality management is strengthened, applying organic manure and phosphorus, potash fertilizer.Keep tree vigo(u)r vigorous, healthy

(6) before and after the process phase, about 10 days.Can not use, Basic pesticides.In order to avoid damage

(7) during process, will carry out when weather is fine, general afternoon, 3-6 point was best period.Noon, temperature can not process in the morning more than 32 degree.Preferably there is lew, ultraviolet direct projection can be blocked.More can reach drench with rain less than effect.

Claims

1. a breeding method for grape variety Virgin's milk grape, is characterized in that implementing in accordance with the following steps:

(1) grafting: choose the grafting of amur grape tree on my assorted Chaueh vine of card;

(2) hybridize: being male parent by above-mentioned Grafted Variety carries out isolation pollination to my assorted Chaueh vine of original card, and the fruit of forming then obtains seed to maturation in autumn, imbeds sandy soil and carries out nutritional bag to next spring, summer then, green branch transplanting;

(3) above-mentioned green branch transplanting kind is handled as follows the coming year:

First: appropriate 80% gibberellin adds 30 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, then add 2 grams of streptomycins, then add in 30 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, stir; The secondary fringe of the completely open removing afterwards of grape flower carries out liquid and dips in fringe;

Second: after first time fruit ear process 6---within 8 days, carry out second time process, the same first step of processing method;

3rd: with the strange precious Plant hormone treatment of the U.S.:

A () is the flowers are in blossom front 3---and 5 days, carry out elongating colored fringe, every gram of plant hormone adds 60 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water, with sprayer spraying or dip in Hua Sui;

B () is after spending 3---and 5 days is 20% plant hormone by appropriate concentration, then adds 10 jin, a traditional unit of weight of water liquids and dip in fruit;

(4) tame: pluck step (3) and obtain fruit and repeatedly repeat step (2) and (3) Virgin's milk grape can be obtained.