CN112167049A - Method for cultivating novel variety of grapes, namely Xueshan rose grapes - Google Patents
Method for cultivating novel variety of grapes, namely Xueshan rose grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112167049A CN112167049A CN202010844877.4A CN202010844877A CN112167049A CN 112167049 A CN112167049 A CN 112167049A CN 202010844877 A CN202010844877 A CN 202010844877A CN 112167049 A CN112167049 A CN 112167049A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241001163394 Medinilla magnifica Species 0.000 title claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000109408 Rosa montana Species 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 235000000652 Rosa pendulina Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005979 Forchlorfenuron Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- GPXLRLUVLMHHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N forchlorfenuron Chemical compound C1=NC(Cl)=CC(NC(=O)NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GPXLRLUVLMHHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000109294 Rosa suffulta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000257159 Musca domestica Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001557517 Crocanthemum scoparium Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000257229 Musca <genus> Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000004153 Hibiscus sabdariffa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001018 Hibiscus sabdariffa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002532 grape seed extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating a novel variety of grapes, namely, the novel variety of the grapes, namely, the snow mountain rose, is obtained by hybridizing virus-free sunshine-free grapes and black balanopos followed by cultivation, grafting, fruit treatment, domestication and the like, the grapes, namely, the snow mountain rose are early in maturation period, have bluish white fruits and special fragrance, are in a fruit shape of long oval and cylindrical, have less fruit powder, have the weight of 13-14 g of single grains, about 18g of maximum grains and about 800 g of ears, have the flowering rate of more than 90 percent, and are a novel variety of grapes with hard meat, crisp meat and thin skin, and have wide market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, relates to a plant breeding technology, and particularly relates to a method for breeding a new variety of grapes, namely Hibiscus sabdariffa, with bluish white fruits, special fragrance, hard meat, brittleness and thin peel.
Background
In recent years, the living standard of people is continuously improved, various fruits become daily main consumption objects, higher requirements are put forward on the quality of the fruits, among the various fruits, grapes are always popular varieties, the grapes are rich in nutrition and good in taste, and the cultivation area of the grapes is continuously enlarged. The sun rose is a grape variety which develops rapidly in scale in recent years and is also well recognized.
The sunshine grape is the sunshine rose grape, the other names are summer sound mascarat and dazzling rose, the grapes are European and American hybrids, and the parents are Anyujin No. 21 and Bainan'. In recent years, China is introduced successively to carry out planting, test planting and popularization, and the yield is doubled by adopting a small dragon trunk technology. The sunshine rose has a 'white south' blood margin, belongs to European and American hybrids, but has typical European and American characteristics, and grows in a mature period: generally, the fruit sprouts in the first middle of 3 months, the early flowering stage is started in the first 5 months, the full flowering stage in the first middle of 5 months, the first young fruit is expanded in the first 6 th month, the color of the fruit begins to change in the middle of 7 months, and the fruit begins to ripen in the first 8 th month. The variety has the advantages that the fruit cluster is conical, the weight of the fruit cluster is about 600 g, the weight of big ear can reach about 1800 g, the average fruit grain weight is 8-12 g, the fruit is oval, yellowish green, glossy in fruit surface, less in fruit powder, fresh, crisp and juicy in pulp, and has rose fragrance, about 20% of soluble solid matter, and the fresh food has excellent quality, the variety is easy to cultivate, the fruiting period is long, the fruit can be fruiting on trees for 2-3 months after being mature, the variety is resistant to storage and transportation, the fruit is not cracked, and the threshing phenomenon is avoided; however, the sun rose ripens late and the color of the fruit is single, which restricts the development of the sun rose.
The black baladuo is one of European and American hybrid species, and is one of the earliest new black grape varieties at present, and has the characteristics that: the grape variety has the advantages of black peel, oval fruit grains, 8-10g of grain weight, 18g of maximum grain weight, unique aroma, more than 18% of soluble solid content, good flavor, excellent fresh food quality, maturity in late 6 months to late 7 months, early fruit property and high yield, can be eaten together with peel, but has small grains, is easy to get ill in flowering phase, is easy to crack fruits after maturity, and how to combine the advantages of the two varieties to obtain the grape variety with better quality is a big problem faced by people.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the consideration, the technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a method for cultivating a novel variety of the grapes, namely the Xueshan rose grapes, wherein the novel variety of the grapes, namely the Xueshan rose grapes, is obtained by hybridizing the virus-free sunshine-free rose grapes and the Heibalazo and then cultivating, grafting, processing fruits, domesticating and the like, is early in maturation period, has a bluish white fruit and a novel variety of grapes with special fragrance, hard meat, crisp and thin skins, and has a wide market prospect.
The invention aims to improve and cultivate a new variety of the Xueshan rose grapes.
A method for cultivating a novel variety of grapes, namely, the Xueshan grapes, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) hybridization: hybridizing a sunshine rose variety grape serving as a female parent with a black balanopus grape male parent;
(2) and (3) adult breeding: carrying out isolated culture on 30-40 days of ovules to obtain test-tube plantlets, hardening the test-tube plantlets and fruiting the test-tube plantlets for one year;
(4) changing and connecting: in the second year, the plant species is changed to the black Bradford grape trees by adopting a spring hard branch cleft grafting method;
(5) fruit treatment: the fruits of the green branch variety in the next year are treated as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: when the flower ears are full-bloomed, namely more than 80 percent of flower ears are bloomed, using 25ppm of 20 percent gibberellin and 2ppm of 0.1 percent forchlorfenuron to stir uniformly, starting to dip the grape ears by using a medicament when the grape flowers are full-bloomed, and finishing flower retention within 2-3 days when the grape flowers are full-bloomed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the initial fruit setting stage 10-15 days after the first treatment, 20% gibberellin 25ppm and 0.1% forchlorfenuron 3ppm are used, and the fruits are uniformly stirred and dipped for fruit retention;
(6) domestication: and (5) repeating the steps (4) and (5) for multiple times to obtain the Xueshan rose grape.
Preferably, after the step (5) is changed, the bud is germinated at the bottom of 1 month in the next year, the flower blooms in the beginning of 3 months, and the bud is mature in the last ten months.
Preferably, the fertilizer and water management is increased during the grafting in the step (3), and organic fertilizer, functional fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are applied.
Has the advantages that: the variety of the invention is about 140 days from germination to maturity in the areas of Yunnan and Zhejiang Jinhua. The fruits of the Xueshan rose grapes obtained by the method are cyan or white, the fruits are in a shape of long oval and cylindrical, the fruit powder is less, the weight of a single seed is 13-14 g, the maximum is about 18g, the spike is about 800 g, the flowering rate reaches over 90%, the leaves are deep and quinqueous, the leaf stalks are long, the leaves are medium, the leaf tips are sharp, the leaf surfaces of young leaves are red, red villi on the leaf backs are cyan, the leaves are thick, the leaf mouths of the leaf stalks are close, the new shoots are white, the bud eyes are sharp and small, the flower spikes are large, the flower buds are medium, the fruit setting is good, the fruit stalks are not thick, the pulling force is common, the spike shape is long cylindrical. The tree has strong growth vigor and strong stress resistance, and is easy to cultivate. The branches have good maturity and lignification degree. The new grape variety has good quality, sweet and crisp taste, special flavor, hard meat quality, crisp texture, thin peel, core and sugar degree of 18-20 deg.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a green ripe fruit of the novel variety of Musca davidiana grape obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 shows white ripe fruits of the novel variety of Musca davidiana obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 shows shoot sprouting of the novel variety of the Musca davidii obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 shows the leaves of the novel variety of Vitis vinifera Linne obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A method for cultivating a novel variety of grapes, namely Xueshan rose grapes, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) hybridization: hybridizing a sunshine rose variety grape serving as a female parent with a black balanopus grape male parent;
(2) and (3) adult breeding: carrying out isolated culture on 30-40 days of ovules to obtain test-tube plantlets, hardening the test-tube plantlets and fruiting the test-tube plantlets for one year;
(3) changing and connecting: in the second year, the plant species is grafted to the black balanopus grape trees by adopting a spring hard branch cleft grafting method, fertilizer and water management is increased during grafting, and organic fertilizer, functional fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are applied;
(4) fruit treatment: the green branch variety sprouts at 28 days in 1 month, flowers at 5 days in 3 months, matures at 20 days in 6 months, and fruits are treated as follows from sprouting to ripening for about 140 days:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: when the flower ears are full-bloomed, namely more than 80 percent of flower ears are bloomed, using 25ppm of 20 percent gibberellin and 2ppm of 0.1 percent forchlorfenuron to stir uniformly, starting to dip the grape ears by using a medicament when the grape flowers are full-bloomed, and finishing flower retention within 2-3 days when the grape flowers are full-bloomed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the initial fruit setting stage 10-15 days after the first treatment, 20% gibberellin 25ppm and 0.1% forchlorfenuron 3ppm are used, and the fruits are uniformly stirred and dipped for fruit retention;
(5) domestication: and (5) repeating the steps (3) and (4) for multiple times to obtain the fruits obtained in the step (4) to obtain the Xueshan rose grapes.
As can be seen from the figures 1-3, the novel variety of the Hibiscus sabdariffa grape obtained by the invention has the advantages of green or white fruit, long oval and cylindrical fruit shape, less fruit powder, 13-14 g of single grain weight, about 18g of maximum, about 800 g of spike, over 90% of flowering rate, deep and five-split leaves, long petioles, medium leaves, tooth tips of the leaves, red leaves and surfaces of young leaves, red villi on the leaf backs, leaf green, thick leaves, close leaves at the petioles, white sprout of the new tip, small bud tip, large flower spike, medium flower buds, good fruit setting, no rough petiole, general tensile force, spike shape and long cylindrical shape. The tree has strong growth vigor and strong stress resistance, and is easy to cultivate. The branches have good maturity and lignification degree. The new grape variety has good quality, sweet and crisp taste, special flavor, hard meat quality, crisp texture, thin peel, core and sugar degree of 18-20 deg.
Claims (3)
1. A method for cultivating a novel variety of grapes, namely Xueshan rose grapes, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) hybridization: hybridizing a sunshine rose variety grape serving as a female parent with a black balanopus grape male parent;
(2) and (3) adult breeding: carrying out isolated culture on 30-40 days of ovules to obtain test-tube plantlets, hardening the test-tube plantlets and fruiting the test-tube plantlets for one year;
(3) changing and connecting: in the second year, the plant species is changed to the black Bradford grape trees by adopting a spring hard branch cleft grafting method;
(4) fruit treatment: the fruits of the green branch variety in the next year are treated as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: when the flower ears are full-bloomed, namely more than 80 percent of flower ears are bloomed, using 25ppm of 20 percent gibberellin and 2ppm of 0.1 percent forchlorfenuron to stir uniformly, starting to dip the grape ears by using a medicament when the grape flowers are full-bloomed, and finishing flower retention within 2-3 days when the grape flowers are full-bloomed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the initial fruit setting stage 10-15 days after the first treatment, 20% gibberellin 25ppm and 0.1% forchlorfenuron 3ppm are used, and the fruits are uniformly stirred and dipped for fruit retention;
(5) domestication: and (4) repeating the steps (3) and (4) for multiple times to obtain the fruits obtained in the step (4) to obtain the Xueshan rose grapes.
2. The method for cultivating the novel variety of grapes, namely the Musca domestica and the Musca domestica according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) after grafting, the bud is germinated at the bottom of 1 month in the next year, the flower blooms in the beginning of 3 months, and the bud is mature in late 6 months.
3. The method for cultivating the snowy mountain rose grape as a new variety of the grape, as claimed in claim 1, wherein fertilizer and water management is increased, and organic fertilizer, functional fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are added during the grafting in step (3).
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| CN202010844877.4A CN112167049A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Method for cultivating novel variety of grapes, namely Xueshan rose grapes |
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| CN202010844877.4A CN112167049A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Method for cultivating novel variety of grapes, namely Xueshan rose grapes |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1415189A (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2003-05-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for high performance collective breeding non-nuclear grape with disease resistant capability |
| USPP19599P2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-12-30 | Anton Caratan & Son | Grapevine plant named ‘Mara Seedless’ |
| CN102823487A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-19 | 马保良 | Method for cultivating new grape variety Bairu grape |
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| CN104472307A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所 | Grape fruit retention and enlargement method |
| CN109906868A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-21 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | A kind of method of new grape variety quickly breeding |
| CN109937790A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of huge rose grape flower and fruit protecting method |
-
2020
- 2020-08-20 CN CN202010844877.4A patent/CN112167049A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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| CN1415189A (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2003-05-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for high performance collective breeding non-nuclear grape with disease resistant capability |
| USPP19599P2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-12-30 | Anton Caratan & Son | Grapevine plant named ‘Mara Seedless’ |
| CN102823487A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-19 | 马保良 | Method for cultivating new grape variety Bairu grape |
| CN104206226A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-17 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Jasmine fragrance grape vine shape culture method capable of realizing high-quality fruit |
| CN104472307A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所 | Grape fruit retention and enlargement method |
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