CN103299843B - Spike trimming method for increasing fruit setting rate of muscat grape - Google Patents
Spike trimming method for increasing fruit setting rate of muscat grape Download PDFInfo
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- CN103299843B CN103299843B CN201310247822.5A CN201310247822A CN103299843B CN 103299843 B CN103299843 B CN 103299843B CN 201310247822 A CN201310247822 A CN 201310247822A CN 103299843 B CN103299843 B CN 103299843B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spike trimming method for increasing a fruit setting rate of a muscat grape. The method achieves the purpose of increasing the fruit setting rate of the muscat grape by executing the steps of spike trimming, hormone treatment, manual fruit thinning and the like. After treatment, growing points of a flower spike are trimmed, and the distribution of hormones in the flower spike is adjusted; with the adoption of the hormone treatment, the growth rate of the spike is controlled, the fruit thinning can be performed simultaneously, the trouble of the manual fruit thinning is reduced, finally the fruit setting rate of the muscat grape is increased, the post floral flower spike trimming effect is better, and the trimmed flower spike is ordered in serial type, and high in marketability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for sorting of grape flower fringe, be specifically related to a kind of whole fringe method improving muscat grape Fruit-setting rate, belong to grape cultivation and management technical field.
Background technology
Along with the raising of horticultural gardening technology, China's viticulture develops rapidly, viticulture technology also becomes better and approaching perfection day by day, because China is vast in territory, various places culture technique is widely different, and cultivation mode is also different, muscat grape, also cry muscat (Muscat), Eurasian kind, is also translated into Mo Sijia, hamburger Moschus, Mu Sikate, mousse card, Moschus Maas card top grade.Muscat is an ancient kind, be famously in the world to eat raw, make wine, the dual-purpose kind of juice processed.Cultivated area distribution is very wide in the world, and particularly European Countries plantation is a lot.First China introduced Yantai, Shandong in 1871 by American missionary Ni Shi, within 1892, introduce again from West Europe, be one of the widest kind of China's distribution, all there is cultivation in each main grape place of production, and have a set of more complete cultivation management technology, simultaneously it or a kind of famous wine grape.Grain grain is slight, not too attracts attention.Be simple purple time under-done, just as roseleaf, the micro-acid band of mouthfeel is sweet, but when once be with black in ripe purple, an entrance, just have a kind of rose ooze fragrant liquor-saturated enter heart spleen, sweet and not from, the more in no way taste of bitterness.The solid easy transport of meat, easily preserves, and not easily fall during carrying pearl.The season in the annual mid-autumn is the season of rosaceous maturation, has spent the mid-autumn, and this good merchantable brand is very rare, and therefore it is very rare expensive.Its sugar content is up to 20 degree, musk deer thick flavor, painted good-looking, deeply likes by consumer
At the same summer high temperature high humidity of south China, with heavy rainfall, again because muscat grape growing way is more vigorous, many employings plane pergola system rose fragrant, rose fragrant can be made overhead higher, alleviate the propagation of rainwater to soil disease, in pruning, adopt long cane pruning simultaneously, with steady tree vigo(u)r, improve Fruit-setting rate, but due to the impact of natural conditions of grading by temperature water between the time, the Fruit-setting rate of muscat grape differs greatly, by the Fruit-setting rate adopting some technical measures effectively can improve muscat grape, the arrangement flower fringe of timely and appropriate discovery not only makes fruit ear neat, improve commodity, and effectively can regulate the distribution of the hormone of colored fringe, thus improve the Fruit-setting rate of grape Post flowering.Spend seriously because this kind loses, cause fruit-setting rate low, fruit ear is loose, and in production, the phenomenon of not having a good harvest of getting bumper crops appears the underproduction or in a lot of plantation family.Had preliminary progress to the research improving muscat grape fruit-setting rate at present, but be not also very perfect, concrete operations are got up cumbersome.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to summer high temperature high humidity, with heavy rainfall, the eugonic area of muscat grape, low at grape Post flowering Fruit-setting rate, cause fruit ear sparse, commodity is poor, thus affect this outstanding problem of yield and quality of grape, a kind of whole fringe method improving muscat grape Fruit-setting rate is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Improve a whole fringe method for muscat grape Fruit-setting rate, to growing larger colored fringe, cutting off secondary fringe and fringe shoulder top 3-4 stalk, growing less colored fringe and cut off secondary fringe; To a fringe shoulder Hua Sui top that stalk is longer, a fringe shoulder stalk tip is suitably repaiied; Cut off colored fringe afterbody 3 about ㎝; Whole colored fringe retains 16-19 stalk; Before spending 7-8 days to top pruning, remove fringe point 1/4; The fruit ear stayed is removed to the 1/4-1/5 of fringe point, and the secondary fringe that removal in time newly grows, arrange the colored fringe pruned, fringe shoulder breadth 8 ㎝, wide 3.2 ㎝ of fringe tail, spike length 12.5 ㎝; At grape fruit ear Post flowering immediately with phonetic mould amine 1000 times of liquid of 20% and the treatment of boric fertilizer flower fringe of 50ppm; Post flowering, when fruit grain diameter reaches 5-7mm, after adopting 25% gibberellic acid, 800 times of liquid and 0.1% Difenoconazole water dispersant, 2500 times of liquid to stir, before at 9 in the morning, after at 4 in afternoon, dips fruit ear; Then artificial thin grain is adopted for overstocked fruit ear, remove the granule on fruit ear, lopsided grain, have the fruit grain of hindering grain and overstocked tension and extruding mutually, interior thorax fruit all removes, and prevents inner fruit from extruding mutually and causes deformity, dehiscent fruit, outer fruit then suitably stays more, stays fruit amount for 50-70 grain.
Different according to time of grape process, medicament is used while allocating, and is contained in container by the medicament prepared and dips fruit ear 2-3 second, shakes fruit ear gently after fruit ear dips in, and burns pericarp in the bottom avoiding medicament to concentrate on fruit grain.
The time of described whole fringe, namely bloom between 0%-30% in the muscat grape early flowering season, contain to spend in rear 2-6 days and carry out, to improve the Fruit-setting rate of muscat grape.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, arranging flower fringe when blooming, by cutting off secondary fringe, a growing point such as fringe such as flower such as stalk tip and fringe tail etc. of Hua Sui, have adjusted the distribution of plant hormone in colored fringe, decreasing the competition of bud nutrient in the process of blooming.
2, after Hua Sui arranges and prunes, the photosynthetic nutrient of leaf is fully supplied to the bud of reservation, makes the colored tassel blossom of reservation consistent, improves Fruit-setting rate.
3, within 2-6 days after early flowering season and Sheng are spent, carry out Hua Sui and prune arrangement, have the sufficient time to complete the task of Hua Sui pruning.
4, arranged by flower fringe, make to spend rear fruit ear neat compact, good looking appearance, improve commodity.
5, after Hua Sui prunes and arranges, by suitable HORMONE TREATMENT and artificial fruit thinning process, spike weight amount remains on more suitable scope, not excessive, little only, and fruit is easily painted, ripe consistent.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
The enforcement time: 2010-2011 years
Select kind: 8 years raw muscat grapes of cultivating for flat canopy
Muscat grape adopts large horizontal pergola system, and along with the expansion of grape tree crown, gradually intermediate cutting, grapevine seedling reduces year by year, and only maintaining grape trellis mask has certain leaf area index, 8 years raw muscat grape individual plant occupied area 350 about ㎡.
Adopt long cane pruning, in the period that tree vigo(u)r is more vigorous, suitably prune off, cross extending shoot to eugonic, cut off tip about 1/3-1/5, to relax tree vigo(u)r.
Steady along with tree vigo(u)r, winter bearing basal shoot length 20-120 about ㎝, bearing basal shoot cuts off tip about 1/3, and every square metre is stayed bearing basal shoot 3-4 root.
Conveniently carry out bud picking, young sprout lure draw, the management such as bagging, extermination of disease and insect pest, normally maintain canopy face about leaf area index 2.0-2.5 summer.
To growing larger colored fringe, cutting off secondary fringe and fringe shoulder top 3-4 stalk, growing less colored fringe and cut off secondary fringe; To a fringe shoulder Hua Sui top that stalk is longer, a fringe shoulder stalk tip is suitably repaiied; Cut off colored fringe afterbody 3 about ㎝; Whole colored fringe retains 16-19 stalk; Before spending 7-8 days to top pruning, remove fringe point 1/4; The fruit ear stayed is removed to the 1/4-1/5 of fringe point, and the secondary fringe that removal in time newly grows, arrange the colored fringe pruned, fringe shoulder breadth 8 ㎝, wide 3.2 ㎝ of fringe tail, spike length 12.5 ㎝; At grape fruit ear Post flowering immediately with phonetic mould amine 1000 times of liquid of 20% and the treatment of boric fertilizer flower fringe of 50ppm; Post flowering, when fruit grain diameter reaches 5-7mm, after adopting 25% gibberellic acid, 800 times of liquid and 0.1% Difenoconazole water dispersant, 2500 times of liquid to stir, before at 9 in the morning, after at 4 in afternoon, dips fruit ear; Then artificial thin grain is adopted for overstocked fruit ear, remove the granule on fruit ear, lopsided grain, have the fruit grain of hindering grain and overstocked tension and extruding mutually, interior thorax fruit all removes, and prevents inner fruit from extruding mutually and causes deformity, dehiscent fruit, outer fruit then suitably stays more, stays fruit amount for 50-70 grain.
Different according to time of grape process, medicament is used while allocating, and is contained in container by the medicament prepared and dips fruit ear 2-3 second, shakes fruit ear gently after fruit ear dips in, and burns pericarp in the bottom avoiding medicament to concentrate on fruit grain.
The time of described whole fringe, namely bloom between 0%-30% in the muscat grape early flowering season, contain to spend in rear 2-6 days and carry out, to improve the Fruit-setting rate of muscat grape.
implementation result
1, the whole fringe time is on the impact of muscat grape Fruit-setting rate
Open the time spent according to observing rose fragrant, on May 25th, 2010 contains for muscat grape and spends day, spends within first 6 days, spend latter 6 days to Sheng respectively, within every 2 days, carry out once whole fringe from Sheng.Sheng spends rear whole fringe Fruit-setting rate all higher than Sheng Huaqian, and spends latter 2 days effects best to contain, and Fruit-setting rate reaches 14.22%, and Sheng is spent latter 4 days, 6 days and carried out whole fringe, and Fruit-setting rate reaches 10.5% and 10.6%; Sheng spends front whole fringe Fruit-setting rate all lower than 8.56%; And 6 days before flowering, 4 days, 2 days, contain and spent carried out whole fringe the same day, Fruit-setting rate reduces gradually and is respectively 8.06%, 7.62%, 7.37%, 7.02%.Result shows to contain colored Final finishing flower fringe, can significantly improve the Fruit-setting rate of muscat grape.By carrying out Hua Sui arrangement in grape SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING, prune colored fringe growing point, have adjusted the distribution situation of hormone in colored fringe, do not carry out compared with Hua Sui arranges with contrast, arrange flower fringe Fruit-setting rate to significantly improve, but to spend rear pruning flower fringe better effects if, the colored fringe after arranging in addition, serial type is neat, and commodity is high.
2, the whole fringe of different flowering degree is facing to the impact of fruit
Hua Sui arrangement is carried out according to the degree of blooming, be about to bloom to this period of time arrangement pruning flower fringe of blooming completely, its Fruit-setting rate declines gradually, carry out Hua Sui when flowering rate 0%, 30%, 50%, 100% respectively and arrange pruning, its Fruit-setting rate difference 13.4%, 12.8%, 10.3%, 10.0%, in muscat grape cultivation, generally carry out Hua Sui arrangement carry out all before flowering, object is the arrangement in order to there be the sufficient time to complete Hua Sui, but in fact now carry out Hua Sui pruning, undesirable to muscat grape Fruit-setting rate.
According to above result of the test, no matter from flowering time, the degree of still blooming, contain at muscat grape and spend pruning on same day flower fringe Fruit-setting rate minimum, and within 2 days after initial bloom stage and Sheng are spent, carry out pruning colored fringe, Fruit-setting rate is relatively high.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. improve a whole fringe method for muscat grape Fruit-setting rate, it is characterized in that, to growing larger colored fringe, cutting off secondary fringe and fringe shoulder top 3-4 stalk, growing less colored fringe and cut off secondary fringe; To a fringe shoulder Hua Sui top that stalk is longer, a fringe shoulder stalk tip is suitably repaiied; Cut off colored fringe afterbody 3 about ㎝; Whole colored fringe retains 16-19 stalk; Before spending 7-8 days to top pruning, remove fringe point 1/4; The fruit ear stayed is removed to the 1/4-1/5 of fringe point, and the secondary fringe that removal in time newly grows, arrange the colored fringe pruned, fringe shoulder breadth 8 ㎝, wide 3.2 ㎝ of fringe tail, spike length 12.5 ㎝; At grape fruit ear Post flowering immediately with phonetic mould amine 1000 times of liquid of 20% and the treatment of boric fertilizer flower fringe of 50ppm; Post flowering, when fruit grain diameter reaches 5-7mm, after adopting 25% gibberellic acid, 800 times of liquid and 0.1% Difenoconazole water dispersant, 2500 times of liquid to stir, before at 9 in the morning, after at 4 in afternoon, dips fruit ear; Then artificial thin grain is adopted for overstocked fruit ear, remove the granule on fruit ear, lopsided grain, have the fruit grain of hindering grain and overstocked tension and extruding mutually, interior thorax fruit all removes, and prevents inner fruit from extruding mutually and causes deformity, dehiscent fruit, outer fruit then suitably stays more, stays fruit amount for 50-70 grain; Different according to time of grape process, medicament is used while allocating, and is contained in container by the medicament prepared and dips fruit ear 2-3 second, shakes fruit ear gently after fruit ear dips in, and burns pericarp in the bottom avoiding medicament to concentrate on fruit grain; The time of described whole fringe, namely bloom between 0%-30% in the muscat grape early flowering season, contain to spend in rear 2-6 days and carry out, to improve the Fruit-setting rate of muscat grape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310247822.5A CN103299843B (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2013-06-21 | Spike trimming method for increasing fruit setting rate of muscat grape |
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| CN201310247822.5A CN103299843B (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2013-06-21 | Spike trimming method for increasing fruit setting rate of muscat grape |
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| CN103299843B true CN103299843B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103766188B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2016-08-17 | 上海马陆葡萄公园有限公司 | Huge Flos Rosae Rugosae Fructus Vitis viniferae Forcing cultivation improves the method for percentage of fertile fruit |
| CN104542040B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-11-30 | 云南丰德生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pruning method of rose for oil |
| CN115428691A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-06 | 云南淏丰农业科技开发有限公司 | Quality-improving and efficiency-increasing flower spike shaping method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695266A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-21 | 宫兆宏 | Method for managing grape culture |
| CN102415310A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-04-18 | 句容市老方葡萄科技示范园 | Grape management method for benefiting to thinning fruit |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695266A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-21 | 宫兆宏 | Method for managing grape culture |
| CN102415310A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-04-18 | 句容市老方葡萄科技示范园 | Grape management method for benefiting to thinning fruit |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 不同类型葡萄品种花穗修剪技术;朱广凯;《山西果树》;20111231(第3期);第56页 * |
| 宫美英等.1.《果树生产技术》.化学工业出版社,2011,第94页. * |
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