CN103340102B

CN103340102B - Breeding method for good-quality high-yield grape variety suitable for growing in northern Hunan

Info

Publication number: CN103340102B
Application number: CN201310256150.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨祖树; 刘雪枚
Original assignee: CHANGZHOU HONGHU GRAPE CULTIVATION Co Ltd
Current assignee: CHANGZHOU HONGHU GRAPE CULTIVATION Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-06-26
Filing date: 2013-06-26
Publication date: 2014-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-26
Also published as: CN103340102A

Abstract

A breeding method for a good-quality high-yield grape variety suitable for growing in northern Hunan comprises the following steps that (1) high-quality wild grape plants in Mountain Wuling are collected as tree stocks, 'Hutai NO.8' branches are used as scions, and the first time of grafting is carried out; (2) high-quality wild grape plants in Mountain Xuefeng are collected as tree stocks, 'Hutai NO.8' branches are used as scions, and the second time of grafting is carried out; (3) Xuefeng seedlings are used as tree stocks, Wuling seedling branches are used as scions, the third time of grafting is carried out, and seedling branches which are alive in the third time of grafting are used for cuttage. When the new grape variety is planted, besides the common method that retting-matured chicken manure, pig manure and biogas residue organic fertilizer are applied to soil, bacterial manure and little grape biological modifier are further used. A grape fruiter planted through the method has the advantages that fruit quality is good, yield is high and stable, fruits mature early and fall later and are yielded continuously, fruiter stress resistance is strong, fruit cracking can not happen, and fruits can be stored and transported for a long time.

Description

A kind of selection of good quality and high output grape variety of applicable North of Hunan growth

Technical field

The present invention relates to the seed selection of grape, i.e. a kind of selection of good quality and high output grape variety of applicable North of Hunan growth.

Background technology

The area of fruit growing and output in the world, grape is only second to citrus and occupies second, and grape, with its beautiful color and luster and shape, sweet mouthfeel and abundant nutrition, is subject to general the liking of people.The kind of grape is a lot of, and the more foreign grape variety of domestic introduction of plant has first Na, white banana, Ju Feng, rattan harvest etc., and first Na has advantages of early ripe, shortcoming is that fruit grain is little, dehiscent fruit, resistance are poor, white banana production is high, but little, the easy shattering of fruit grain, huge peak has advantages of that fruit grain is large, but yield poorly, a little less than growing way, rattan is harvested has advantages of that fruit grain is large, output is high, but has the deficiency of dehiscent fruit, difficult accumulating, existing grape variety, result once every year, the fruit phase is short.In recent years, cultivating grape was being attempted in North of Hunan area in a large number, but was all the external kind of introducing, and suffered from the good quality and high output grape variety that can not find an applicable North of Hunan growth.

North of Hunan is between 28 °～30 ° of north latitude, and there is Dongtinghu Plain in east, and there is the hills Yu Mai of Wuling Shan Mountain and Xuefeng Shan Mountain in west, is subject to the separation on two mountain ranges, forms the Lishui River, Yuanjiang and Zi Jiang, this three rivers diffluence eastwards from west from north to south.North of Hunan belongs to the moistening monsoon climate in subtropics, sweltering heat in summer, winter cold, 16.7 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, year precipitation 1200～1900mm, 272 days frost-free seasons, soil property is south of the River red soil.

" too No. eight, family " is to introduce on the basis of adventive, the grape improved seeds of one that China cultivates in Shaanxi, precocious, grain is large, look gorgeous, taste is fragrant, sugary more than 17%, be adapted at NORTHWEST CHINA area short of rain plantation, after North of Hunan is planted experimentally, owing to being not suitable with the weather that North of Hunan high temperature is damp and hot, disease is more, yields poorly.

Long on the hills of arteries and veins more than North of Hunan Wuling Shan Mountain and Xuefeng Shan Mountain have many amur grapes, rudiment in spring early, the little climing length of leaf, still vigorous growth in the time of 40 ℃ of temperature in summer, winter is cold-resistant, not dormancy; In 1 year, have and bloom for 2-3 time, the time of yielding positive results is long, their strong stress resistances, and well developed root system, growing way is strong, but the little taste acid of fruit, but storage tolerance.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of selection of good quality and high output grape variety of applicable North of Hunan growth.

The selection of the good quality and high output grape variety of this applicable North of Hunan growth, is characterized in that, step under:

One, stock is done in the high-quality amur grape growth strain below the height above sea level 500m on collection Wuling Shan Mountain hills, as scion, carries out grafting for the first time take " too No. eight, family " branch, after cladus survives, and new grape seedling Wulin tomb seedling by name;

Two, stock is done in the high-quality amur grape growth strain below the height above sea level 500m on collection Xuefeng Shan Mountain hills, as scion, carries out grafting for the second time take " too No. eight, family " branch, after cladus survives, and new grape seedling snowy peak seedling by name;

Three, take snowy peak seedling as stock, carry out grafting for the third time take Wulin tomb seedling branch as scion, use the seedling branch of grafting survival for the third time to carry out cuttage, cultivate into the new grape variety that is applicable to the growth of North of Hunan area.

When this new varieties wine-growing, except normally using in soil and macerate ripe chicken manure, pig manure, biogas residue organic fertilizer, " the useful bacterial manure " and " Cai's 18 bacterial manure " that also uses Taiwan Ilan Hsien microbial-bacterial fertilizer factory, Taipei Huinong scientific & technical corporation to produce, these two kinds of bacterial manure can be given full play to effect of chicken manure, pig manure, biogas residue organic fertilizer.

A small amount of grape biology conditioning agent that uses, before each grape is bloomed at the BAS of foliage spray 0.05～0.1% concentration, can improve percentage of fertile fruit, spray the superphosphate solution of 1-3% at young fruit period, at the potassium sulfate solution of fruit growth later spray 0.02%, can improve the sugar content and yield of berry.

Grape fruit tree of the present invention, has following advantage:

1, fruit quality is good.It is conical that this kind fruit ear is, and look dark red, and average fringe weighs 600～800 grams; Fruit grain is large, and average particle weighs 15 grams; Pulp densification, pulp and pericarp, fruit stone are easily separated; Fruity delicate fragrance, sweet and sour palatability; Sugar content 17.3-21%, the sale price of market of this grape can exceed general grape 0.5-1 doubly.

2, output is high.After plantation, Second Year can be born fruit, and under normal circumstances, per mu yield is more than 400 kilograms, and per mu yield in the 3rd year is more than 800 kilograms, 2000～3000 kilograms of per mu yields in the 4th year, and 3000～4000 kilograms of per mu yields after the 5th year, more general grape exceeds 1～2 times, and stable yield.

3, thank in fruit early-maturing, evening, continuously result.This grape is in North of Hunan area, and can bear fruit continuously annual June to October, once fruit---listing in the last ten-days period in June, more general grape 10～12 days in advance; Second fruit---7, August, with the listing same period of general grape, three fruits---listing mid-September, four fruits---in October, listing in the last ten-days period, more general grape lagged about one month; The quality of each fruit is all excellent.

4, fruit tree strong stress resistance.Moisture-proof, heat-resisting, disease-resistant, is adapted at growing in the red soil of the south of the River.Pass the winter without any insulation safeguard procedures.This grape variety is to common disease, as: the better resistance of gray mold, anthrachose of grape, black rot.

5, the performance of dehiscent fruit, storage tolerance is not all better than existing each kind.

Embodiment

Lift embodiments of the invention below: 2003-2007, we carried out the seed selection of kind.

One, stock is done in the amur grape growth strain below the height above sea level 500m on collection Wuling Shan Mountain hills, as scion, carries out grafting for the first time take " too No. eight, family " branch, after cladus survives, and new grape seedling Wulin tomb seedling by name;

Two, stock is done in the amur grape growth strain below the height above sea level 500m on collection Xuefeng Shan Mountain hills, as scion, carries out grafting for the second time take " too No. eight, family " branch, after cladus survives, and new grape seedling snowy peak seedling by name;

Within 2008, we test in Ping Hu village of Dan Zhou township, Wuling District, Changde City, plant 25 mu of new grape varieties of the present invention, every mu of 160 strains, and the plastic tunnel of construction steel pipe support, plastic tunnel surrounding has protection network, has irrigation pipe network in plastic tunnel.

This batch of tree really starts ripe listing on June 25th, 2009 for the first time and continues up to October.Approximately 400 kilograms of per mu yields in 2009, approximately 800 kilograms of per mu yields in 2010, approximately 2000 kilograms of per mu yields in 2011, approximately 3000 kilograms of per mu yields in 2012, per mu yield in 2013 is estimated to reach 4000 kilograms, on average heavily approximately 16 grams of fruit grains, on average heavily approximately 600 grams, fruit ear, fruit delicate fragrance is good to eat, sugar content 17.6%, not dehiscent fruit, storage tolerance, that this fruit tree has is waterlogging-resistant, heat resistanceheat resistant, disease-resistant feature.

Claims

1. a selection for the good quality and high output grape variety of applicable North of Hunan growth, is characterized in that, step under:

2. the selection of the good quality and high output grape variety of a kind of applicable North of Hunan growth according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, before each grape is bloomed at the BAS of foliage spray 0.05～0.1% concentration, spray the superphosphate solution of 1-3% at young fruit period, at the potassium sulfate solution of fruit growth later spray 0.02%.