CN105474999A - Asexual rapid reproduction method of lithocarpus craibianus Barn. - Google Patents
Asexual rapid reproduction method of lithocarpus craibianus Barn. Download PDFInfo
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- CN105474999A CN105474999A CN201510871326.6A CN201510871326A CN105474999A CN 105474999 A CN105474999 A CN 105474999A CN 201510871326 A CN201510871326 A CN 201510871326A CN 105474999 A CN105474999 A CN 105474999A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses an asexual rapid reproduction method of lithocarpus craibianus Barn. The method comprises the steps of scion collection, grafting time selection, grafting and management after grafting. A quercus variabilis BI container seedling is selected to serve as a rootstock, semi-lignified and lignified branches which are healthy, strong and free of diseases and insect pests are pruned from a lithocarpus craibianus Barn. seed tree to serve as scions, grafting is conducted through a cleft grafting method, management after grafting is conducted, and lithocarpus craibianus Barn. grafted seedlings obtained in spring of the next year can be moved out of a nursery for afforestation. The asexual rapid reproduction method of the lithocarpus craibianus Barn. is a breakthrough of an asexual reproduction technology of the lithocarpus craibianus Barn., quercus variabilis BI rootstock is utilized for grafting reproduction, a large number of quercus variabilis BI container seedling nursery stocks maintaining the good economic character of a female parent are rapidly reproduced, and roots of the nursery stocks are developed; according to seedlings of the lithocarpus craibianus Barn., by means of the advantage characteristic that the quercus variabilis BI rootstock has strong adaptive capacity to natural environments which are dry, barren and the like, rapid healing between the scions and the rootstock can be achieved, young sprouts can be obtained, the obtained young sprout grow rapidly, high-quality, efficient and rapid development of the lithocarpus craibianus Barn. is facilitated, and good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, relate to a kind of dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method.
Background technology
Dead ears Ke (
lithocarpuscraibianusBarn.), be Fagaceae (Fagaceae) Lithocarpus (Lithocarpus) arbor, arbor, up to 20 meters.Annual shoot, blade back and female inflorescence axle all have brown color or canescence wax squama layer.Leaf keratin, avette or ovum shape ellipse, long 12-19 centimetre, sometimes shorter or longer, wide 4-7 centimetre, rare wider, the long point in top, the short point of base portion is wide wedge shape extremely, Quan Yuan, the hypomere of middle arteries and veins is thick on blade face, vein about has 8-12 bar, and on blade face often in splitting groove depression, offshoot is not aobvious or may be seen indistinctly, after tender leaf is dry, often there is glossy gloss on blade face, and biennial leaf is then secretly grey; The long 1-2.5 centimetre of petiole.Tassel locusta armpit is raw, and rare is panicle, reaches 15 centimetres; The top of female inflorescence normal raw minority male flower, reach 30 centimetres, female flower 3-5-7 collection generates bunch, the long 1-1.2 millimeter of style.Acorn-cup spheroidal or slightly flat, top is often the short projection of mamillary, footpath 15-20 millimeter, full bag nut, occasionally have top to ftracture and warp, therefore nut part expose, bractlet triangle, apex point shape, fit perfectly in shell wall, imbricate arranges, clearly, be positioned at the slightly long and narrow of acorn-cup top and curved under acorn-cup oral area, by yellowish-brown, fine platy, the wax squama be slightly close to; The nearly spheroidal of nut, footpath 13-18 millimeter, by very sparse thin volt hair, the hair at top is closeer, and areola is protruding, accounts for 1/3 of nut area.The florescence 8-9 month, fruit is ripe for same period next year.Produce South-west Sichuan, south of Yunnan and various places, the west and south.Be born in the shaw of 1500-2700 rice mountain region, be more common in drier hillside fields, Chang Yin is cut down, therefore generates shrub shape, is generally the dungarunga of about 10 meters.Laos, Northern Thailand also have.
Cork oak (
quercusvariabilisBl) have another name called cork oak, tertia Qinggang, hemp oak, be that Fagaceae (Fagaceae) oak belongs to arbor, tree crown is extensively avette, and trunk is many, taupe, dark lobe, and cork layer spy is thick.Sprig is filbert, and male inflorescence is born in annual shoot bottom, and female flower list is raw or twin with annual shoot axil.May at florescence; The fruit 9-10 month in next year is ripe.Chinese important commerical tree species.Cork oak happiness light, be often born in mountain region tailo, but treelet is there to be lateral shelter as well.To weather, the strong adaptability of soil.The low temperature of ability-20 DEG C, in the acidity of pH4-8, all has growth in neutral and limy soil, also drought-resistant, barren and with deep, fertile, suitably moistening and well-drained loam and sandy loam optimum, not resistance to ponding.Produce the provinces and regions such as Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.North China is born in the tailo of height above sea level less than 800 meters usually, and southwest can reach height above sea level 2000-3000 rice.
At present, dead ears Ke resource is still in wild distribution, but along with keeping the demand of Plant Diversity, large-scale artificial cultivation dead ears Ke resource is imperative.Because dead ears Ke seed belongs to hardseed, have several factors to cause seed germination success rate low in natural germination process, the reduction of resource is not supported in the sprouting naturally of seed far away.And the dead ears Ke percentage of seedgermination without any hormone agents process in traditional mode of production often only has about 50%, and germinating time evening, emerge irregular, limit the large-scale planting of dead ears Ke.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of characteristic of cork oak and dead ears Ke can being combined, obtain well developed root system, growth is fast, and survival rate is high, dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method of wide adaptability.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method, comprise the operation of scion collection, grafting time, grafting and managing after grafting, cork oak container seedling carpentery workshop is selected to be stock, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of dead ears Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, carry out managing after grafting, the dead ears Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) scion collection: from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of dead ears Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil;
(2) grafting time: the four seasons all can carry out grafting;
(3) grafting: the cork oak container seedling nursery stock that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting;
(4) managing after grafting:
Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, stop fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, the dead ears Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Preferably, above-described stock breeding method is as follows:
(1) seedbed and container prepare: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely;
(2) seed treatment: select common cork oak seed with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1;
(3) sow: germinate February next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil;
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock strengthens water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Preferably, the formula of above-described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8 ~ 10cm × 15 ~ 20cm.
Preferably, above-described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, start fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.
Preferably, above-described cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.
Relative to prior art, the advantage that the present invention has and good effect as follows:
1, the present invention is the once breakthrough of dead ears Ke vegetative propagation technique, utilizes cork oak stock to carry out propagation by grafiting, and a large amount of Fast-propagation maintains the cork oak container seedling nursery stock of maternal excellent economic characters, and seedling root is flourishing; Dead ears Ke Mu seedling relies on stock cork oak to the advantageous feature of the stronger adaptive capacity of the natural environment such as non-irrigated, barren, and fringe bar is with stock energy quickly-healing and sprout young sprout, and the young sprout sprouted grows rapid.
2, the present invention selects cork oak as stock, and cultivates with carrying out garden, the good characteristics such as cork oak plant strain growth is rapid, strong, and well developed root system has branch many, and rudiment power is strong, and ground, garden convenient management, simple to operate, survival rate is high.
3, cost of the present invention is low, simple to operate, expands soon numerous, reproduction coefficient is high, and dead ears Ke nursery stock quantity of acquisition is large, and survival rate is high, and be applicable to downgrading intensive cultivation, promote dead ears Ke high-quality, efficient, fast-developing to there are good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.Selecting common cork oak seed, with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1.Germinate February next year to March after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil.Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1 mix obtained.Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8cm × 15cm.After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, starts fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.Cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Spring or summer, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of dead ears Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil.The cork oak seedling that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 8cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Nursery stock is unearthed and starts fertilising after 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control, stops fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, and the dead ears Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Embodiment 2:
Select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.Selecting common cork oak seed, with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1.Germinate March next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil.Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=2: 1 mix obtained.Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10cm × 20cm.After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, starts fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.Cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Autumn or winter, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of dead ears Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with plastic foil.The cork oak seedling that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 8 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Nursery stock is unearthed and starts fertilising after 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control, stops fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, and the dead ears Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Claims (5)
1. dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method, it is characterized in that: the operation comprising scion collection, grafting time, grafting and managing after grafting, cork oak container seedling carpentery workshop is selected to be stock, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of dead ears Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, carry out managing after grafting, the dead ears Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) scion collection: from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of dead ears Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil;
(2) grafting time: the four seasons all can carry out grafting;
(3) grafting: the cork oak container seedling nursery stock that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting;
(4) managing after grafting:
Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, stop fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, the dead ears Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
2. a kind of dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stock breeding method is as follows:
(1) seedbed and container prepare: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely;
(2) seed treatment: select common cork oak seed with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1;
(3) sow: germinate February next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil;
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock strengthens water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
3. a kind of dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the formula of described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8 ~ 10cm × 15 ~ 20cm.
4. according to the arbitrary a kind of described dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, fertilising is started after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.
5. a kind of dead ears Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106416910A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 柳州三农科技有限公司 | White tassel stalk tissue culture and explants extraction method |
| CN106472314A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-03-08 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | A kind of dead ears Ke's tissue cultured seedling root induction method |
| CN108934518A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-07 | 林昌礼 | A kind of sweetgum container seedling engrafting method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062260A (en) * | 1990-12-10 | 1992-07-01 | 刘维清 | The method of scion grafting of chestnut branch on oaks (cupule family) |
| CN103975739A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Propagation method of lithocarpus polysachyus rehd young stock grafting container-grown seedling |
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2015
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062260A (en) * | 1990-12-10 | 1992-07-01 | 刘维清 | The method of scion grafting of chestnut branch on oaks (cupule family) |
| CN103975739A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Propagation method of lithocarpus polysachyus rehd young stock grafting container-grown seedling |
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| 王连珍等: "柞树种质资源研究进展", 《蚕业科学》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106416910A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 柳州三农科技有限公司 | White tassel stalk tissue culture and explants extraction method |
| CN106472314A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-03-08 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | A kind of dead ears Ke's tissue cultured seedling root induction method |
| CN108934518A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-07 | 林昌礼 | A kind of sweetgum container seedling engrafting method |
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Application publication date: 20160413 |