CN103385119A - Micheliacompressa grafting method - Google Patents
Micheliacompressa grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385119A CN103385119A CN201310344979XA CN201310344979A CN103385119A CN 103385119 A CN103385119 A CN 103385119A CN 201310344979X A CN201310344979X A CN 201310344979XA CN 201310344979 A CN201310344979 A CN 201310344979A CN 103385119 A CN103385119 A CN 103385119A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micheliacompressa grafting method, comprising the steps of A, tulip tree stock cultivation, B, micheliacompressa cion preprocessing, C, the grafting method and D, post-graft management, wherein the micheliacompressa is grafted by adopting the tulip tree as the stock, cutting slips are inserted into the stock after being soaked by a plant growth regulator and 1% of DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) in sequence, and the after forming layers of the cutting slips and the stock are leveled, an anti-drop film is adopted to tightly wind and wrap the joint from top to bottom. The micheliacompressa grafting method can enable the seedling of the tulip tree grafted in the next year to achieve 98%, the survival rate of the grafted micheliacompressa to achieve 95% and has a broad application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seedling propagation by grafiting technical field, be specifically related to the grafting method that have a smile on one's face in a kind of Taiwan.
Background technology
Taiwan is (Michelia compressa) with a smile, belongs to Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae) Michelia (Michelia L.) plant.Evergreen megaphanerophyte, the bark taupe, slightly smooth.Ye Quanyuan or wavy edge, keratin, leaf bud and bud have draped over one's shoulders russet fine hair.In Evergreen Broad-leaved Tree Species, the landscape effect that have a smile on one's face in Taiwan is outstanding, tree-like compactness, dryness is stronger, and tree crown is closely coniform, and side shoot is all upward to be stretched, to trunk, draw close, intensive 1,2 year vimineous top, the formation dark green and dense tree crown of the four seasons be born in of dark green and glossiness blade.Spend petite simple and elegantly, breezy, give out light fragrance.By expanding numerous popularization, Taiwan can become greening Jiangsu Province and even East China fast-growing, that ornamental value is higher fully with a smile and view and admire fine tree species.
Grafting refers to the tissue of a plant is fused to technology on another plant.It is the method for a kind of vegetative propagation plant of horticulture extensive use.Propagation by grafiting is to view and admire in nursery stock production to solve maternal limited amount or the low main propagation method of cuttage survival rate, produces at present the upper stock that utilizes and mainly by seedling, breeds.Grafting has very large meaning to the improvement of plant variety and the preservation of breeding, and important purposes is arranged on gardens.The Biological Principles of grafting survival is the surface of anvil fringe bevel, formed the barrier film of one deck brown by the residue of dead cell,, because of the effect of callus, make the cell division of wound circumference afterwards, cambial cell is active, break through barrier film and form callus, callus cell further breaks up, and inwardly forms new xylem, outwards forms new phloem, anvil fringe xylem vessel and phloem sieve tube separately linked up, make conducting tissue UNICOM.Be connected with both cork cells along with the new cork cell in outside forms, final healing becomes a new plant.
Taiwan originates in Taiwan with a smile, is distributed in Taiwan and Japan.Central China finds without wild resource, and cultivation aspect only one place, Nanjing Zhong Shan botanical garden is introduced a fine variety and preserved 5 strains.Maternal quantity is extremely limited, the original producton location that have a smile on one's face in Taiwan is at the greatest differences of weather, soil and other biological condition, cause Taiwan to introduce a fine variety with a smile rear solid amount seldom, and its seedling exists reproduction speed slow, breeding cycle is long, and percentage of seedgermination is lower, and seedling is difficult for the defects such as survival, therefore, Taiwan is had a smile on one's face the breeding of plant and is adopted propagation by grafiting more.Liu Xingjian etc., Taiwan with a smile Nanjing introduce a fine variety performance and propagation by grafiting experiment, the method for with 1999 and calendar year 2001, take yulan magnolia, as stock grafting Taiwan, having a smile on one's face is disclosed respectively, obtained survival rate 27%, 72% survival rate, it still exists survival rate lower, and growing-seedling period is longer, be generally about 2 years, after transplanting, tree vigo(u)r is general, easily endures cold, and is difficult for spending the defects such as winter low temperature, make the commodity cultivation period elongated, increased seedling cost; Postpone the best period of commercial seedling listing, affect economic benefit.
Chinese tulip tree (liriodendrom chinense) belongs to Magnoliaceae, the Liriodendron plant, characteristics are strong adaptabilities, growth is fast, resistance, and damage by disease and insect is relatively few, utilizes Chinese tulip tree to do stock grafting Taiwan with a smile, have no report both at home and abroad, its affinity is higher, can obtain fast and effectively a large amount of Taiwan and have a smile on one's face seedling, solves Taiwan and has a smile on one's face the problem of germ plasm resource shortage; By to reasonable selections such as stock, grafting methods, can make Taiwan have a smile on one's face graft survival rate and reach more than 95%, survive the rear seedling specification that reaches fast, can efficiently obtain Taiwan and have a smile on one's face high quality seedling, greatly met the demand in market.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of simple, convenient, stock injured light, grafting place is easily healed, survival rate is high, efficiency is high, grafting method is had a smile on one's face in the practical easily Taiwan of row.
But make annual Chinese tulip tree seedling reach the rugosity of grafting by the inventive method, greatly facilitate the acquisition of stock, but the annual yulan magnolia seedling of grafting degree is more than 98%.
The method of grafting is had a smile on one's face in a kind of Taiwan, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: that A Chinese tulip tree stock cultivates, and B has a smile on one's face in Taiwan the scion pretreatment, C grafting method, D, managing after grafting;
Wherein A Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated and is specially:
(1) soaked in cold water: Chinese tulip tree seed soaked in cold water 3 days, change water every day once, after seed soaking, the surface of the seed moisture is dried, must guard against and can not be exposed to the sun;
(2) lamination vernalization: by sand: seed=carry out at 3: 1, temperature is 10 ℃, the time is 30 days;
(3) hormone seed soaking: soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 and sow after 20 hours, sow and add up germination rate after 1 month, germination rate is more than 96%;
(4) container seedling transition: the Chinese tulip tree seed that will germinate is transplanted in container, and containers size is 13cm * 22cm, and matrix is is red soil according to weight ratio: peat soil: vermiculite: perlite weight ratio=5: 3: 2: 1;
(5) location, land for growing field crops and management: container seedling is shifted out, forward under open-air atmosphere, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and then line-spacing 30cm is covered to 2/3 to 4/5 of container height with soil; Water is irrigated and is adopted high bed furrow irrigation, makes soil moisture content be not less than 55%, and July and August, each sprays the GA of 1 concentration 200ppm
3
By above operation, but the seedling that makes annual Chinese tulip tree reach grafting reaches 98% left and right, more than its graft seedling growth can be carried the previous year, has greatly shortened the time of carrying out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology.
Step B has a smile on one's face in Taiwan the scion pretreatment and is specially:
Get Taiwan germinating branch with a smile, upper cut truncation, lower cut are cut sth. askew; Length is the 5cm left and right, keep 1～2 full bud and prepare scion, scion is soaked in plant growth regulator, described plant growth regulator is (according to weight portion): 7 parts of indolebutyric acids, 5 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoates (DA-6), 3 parts of gibberellin, KT-301 part, VB11 part, ascorbic acid VC1 part, the dilution ratio preparation plant growth regulator with 200mg: 1L, then soak branch bottom 10min successively with described plant growth regulator, 1% (V/V) DMSO;
Step C grafting method is: grafting time is chosen at March, this moment, the meristematic cell of stock and scion was the most active, vitality is vigorous, be conducive to the formation of callus and the healing of wound, adopt the method for cut-grafting, stock is cut off in the level and smooth place of bark near the ground, at the long 3～5cm of stock section one side incision, then stock is inserted in pretreated scion, scion is alignd rear with without dripping film, interface tightly being wound around wrapping from bottom to top with the formation layer of stock;
Step D, managing after grafting is:
After grafting is completed, the attention moisturizing, prevent mechanical damage; Often note observation, maintenance, grow to 30～40cm when high buddering, for not affecting the growth of buddering, in time solution is removed the film on interface, but because stock is large, the fast growth of buddering, callus is also insecure, that avoids growing tall budders by windbreak, after separating the thin film, the circle of buddering is lived (can not tension) with the straw rope immediately., buddering while growing to 60cm, start to carry out pinching; Spray 1 0.3% lime sulfur every the 15d left and right early spring, and the primary pest that have a smile on one's face in Taiwan is scale insect.It draws plant juice, endangers young sprout and vein, generally has more the back side of present branch place and leaf., in the situation that tree body branch is overstocked, improper ventilation, easily occur.During control, first to suitably prune overstocked branch off, make tree body ventilation and penetrating light.Can manually with brush, remove gently it when insect pest is lighter; , in the nymph incubation period, can use 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution to be killed.25kg/hm
2, late August is executed foreign rich composite fertilizer 60kg/hm
2.
The beneficial effect of the relative prior art of the present invention is:
The affinity that have a smile on one's face in the stock that 1 prior art is commonly used and Taiwan is not strong, a little less than producing the ability of callus between stock and scion, the conduit of stock and scion, the effective UNICOM of screen casing lead low, new conducting tissue is difficult to form, and the substances transport such as moisture and nutrition are not in place, and the present application people finds through experiment for many years, the grafting of having a smile on one's face for Taiwan, use the Chinese tulip tree stock, affiliation and affinity are best, have greatly shortened Chinese tulip tree seedling pipe and have supported time and cost; Selected stock is the annual Chinese tulip tree stock that the present invention cultivates, and director's gesture vigorous period, Endogenous Hormone Contents in Vitro is high, and stock and scion affinity good, therefore, greatly promoted graft survival rate.
Respectively take Chinese tulip tree, yulan magnolia, Michelia maudiae, wealthy lobe with a smile as stock, with a smile, all experiments were is the grafting of same grafting work in grafting Taiwan, scion and grafting method all with, investigate different stocks the impact of survival rate, growing-seedling period etc. had a smile on one's face in grafting Taiwan:
The comparison of stock of the present invention and other stocks
First with cold water, carry out pretreatment before 2 earthings of seeds, because the vernalization of Chinese tulip tree lamination is a water absorption course slowly, it simultaneously is also a process that transforms and slowly germinate slowly, Seed sprouting is relevant to seed moisture proportion, only seed-bearing moisture content approaches or just starts to sprout while reaching capacity moisture content, and the moisture content of needed time of the moisture content that reaches capacity while to seed, starting lamination is relevant, before lamination, moisture content is lower, absorb water slower, reach capacity time of moisture content is longer, and the time of suitable vernalization also can be longer; The inventor found through experiments, and seed is carried out soaked in cold water 3 days before lamination, changes water every day once, can be so that lamination 30 days, just near saturation state, shorten germination time, and this pretreatment can increase the field germination rate after such pretreatment.
| Preprocess method | Germination rate (after lamination 30 days) |
| Soaked in cold water 3 days | 78％ |
| Soaked in cold water 1 day | 63％ |
| Non-processor | 55％ |
Known in this field, hormone kind and concentration are to the significant effect of having grown of seed, the present application people finds, soaking seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 sowed after 20 hours, can significantly improve the germination rate of stock seed, the single-factor experimental result shows, after adopting this hormone to soak, percentage of seedgermination has improved more than 20%, has greatly shortened sprout time.
Cultivate operation by the application's stock, but the seedling that makes annual Chinese tulip tree reach grafting reaches 98% left and right, more than its graft seedling growth can be carried the previous year, has greatly shortened the time of carrying out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology.
3 plant growth regulator are a kind of ectogenic non-nutritive chemical substances, it can conduct to site of action usually in plant corpus, just can promote or suppress some link in the plant life process with lower concentration, make it to the wish development that meets the human needs, the present application people draws through plant growth regulator and soaks by lot of experiments, effect is remarkable, described plant growth regulator is according to weight portion: 7 parts of indolebutyric acids, 5 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoates (DA-6), 3 parts of gibberellin, KT-301 part, VB11 part, ascorbic acid VC1 part, dilution ratio preparation plant growth regulator with 200mg: 1L, and DMSO is the cytoactive component, after 1% (V/V) DMSO immersion treatment, the time of from grafting, to buddering, sprouting shortens greatly, the single-factor experiment draws, than the time decreased 37.3% without any processing, plant growth regulator formula of the present invention, it is easy to use, can improve callus activity, promote callus growth, promoting budders sprouts, improve the chlorophyll content of scion, strengthen photosynthesis, and the auxin rational proportion that contains, Coordinated Interaction, have the functions such as the root hair cell of promotion division, effectively improve growing of root hair, obviously shorten seedling-slowing stage, tachyauxesis.
4 the inventive method and other grafting method are relatively
Embodiment
The method of grafting is had a smile on one's face in a kind of Taiwan, comprises the steps: steps A, and the Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated; Step B, the scion pretreatment is had a smile on one's face in Taiwan; Step C, grafting method; And step D, managing after grafting;
Wherein in steps A, the cultivation of Chinese tulip tree stock is specially:
(1) soaked in cold water: Chinese tulip tree seed soaked in cold water 3 days, change water every day once, after seed soaking, the surface of the seed moisture is dried, must guard against and can not be exposed to the sun;
(2) lamination vernalization: by sand: seed=3: 1 (weight ratio) carries out, and temperature is 10 ℃, and the time is 30 days;
(3) hormone seed soaking: soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 and sow after 20 hours, sow and add up germination rate after 1 month, germination rate is more than 96%;
(4) container seedling transition: the Chinese tulip tree seed that will germinate is transplanted in container, and containers size is 13cm (radius) * 22cm (height), matrix by red soil, peat soil, vermiculite and perlite according to 5: 3: 2: 1 weight ratio mixes;
(5) location, land for growing field crops and management: container seedling is shifted out, forward under open-air atmosphere, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and then line-spacing 30cm is covered to 2/3 to 4/5 of container height with soil; Water is irrigated and is adopted high bed furrow irrigation, makes soil moisture content be not less than 55%, and July and August, each sprays the GA of 1 concentration 200ppm
3
By above operation, but make annual Chinese tulip tree grow up to grafting seedling reach 98% left and right, more than its graft seedling growth can be carried the previous year, greatly shortened the time of carrying out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology.
In step B, Taiwan is had a smile on one's face the scion pretreatment and is specially:
Get Taiwan germinating branch with a smile, upper cut truncation, lower cut are cut sth. askew; Length is the 5cm left and right, keep 1～2 full bud and prepare scion, scion is soaked in plant growth regulator, the preparation process of described plant growth regulator is as follows: according to weight portion, get 7 parts of indolebutyric acids, 5 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoates (DA-6), 3 parts of gibberellin, KT-301 part, VB11 part and ascorbic acid VC1 part, stir and obtain mixture 1, according to 200mg mixture 1: the dilution ratio of 1L water is added water, is mixed with plant growth regulator; Then soak branch bottom 10min with above-mentioned plant growth regulator; Take out branch, then with 1%DMSO, soak branch bottom 10min;
Step C grafting method is: grafting time is chosen at March, this moment, the meristematic cell of stock and scion was the most active, vitality is vigorous, be conducive to the formation of callus and the healing of wound, adopt the method for cut-grafting, scion is alignd rear with without dripping film, interface tightly being wound around wrapping from bottom to top with the formation layer of stock;
The 30th day statistics survival rate after grafting, the survival rate computational methods are for surviving scion number/grafting scion sum, and statistical result showed, adopt grafting method of the present invention, and survival rate is 95%.
Calculate by the end of August survival rate of seedlings (planting percent): the grafting bud number of computational methods for surviving in the 30th day after the grafting bud number/grafting that survives by the end of August, as calculated, survival rate of seedlings is 98%,
Step D, managing after grafting is:
After grafting is completed, the attention moisturizing, prevent mechanical damage; Often note observation, maintenance, grow to 30～40cm when high buddering, for not affecting the growth of buddering, in time solution is removed the film on interface, but because stock is large, the fast growth of buddering, callus is also insecure, that avoids growing tall budders by windbreak, after separating the thin film, the circle of buddering is lived (can not tension) with the straw rope immediately., buddering while growing to 60cm, start to carry out pinching; Spray 1 0.3% lime sulfur every the 15d left and right early spring, and the primary pest that have a smile on one's face in Taiwan is scale insect.It draws plant juice, endangers young sprout and vein, generally has more the back side of present branch place and leaf., in the situation that tree body branch is overstocked, improper ventilation, easily occur.During control, first to suitably prune overstocked branch off, make tree body ventilation and penetrating light.Can manually with brush, remove gently it when insect pest is lighter; , in the nymph incubation period, can use 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution to be killed.25kg/hm
2, late August is executed foreign rich composite fertilizer 60kg/hm
2.
Have a smile on one's face the grafting planting percent up to 98% through the Taiwan that the inventive method obtains, and through transplanting land for growing field crops after 2 years, tree vigo(u)r is strong, and is disease-resistant, can pass the winter safely, efficiently solves Taiwan and have a smile on one's face the vacancy of market resource, have broad application prospects.
Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, but on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, or the enforcement of the seeds outside case study on implementation this method, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these that make are without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention revised, and the expansion of improvement or scope, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the grafting method that have a smile on one's face in Taiwan, comprise the steps: steps A, and the Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated; Step B, the scion pretreatment is had a smile on one's face in Taiwan; Step C, grafting method; And step D, managing after grafting;
In wherein said steps A, the Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated and is specially:
(1) soaked in cold water:, with Chinese tulip tree seed soaked in cold water 3 days, change water every day once, after seed soaking, the surface of the seed moisture is dried, must guard against and can not be exposed to the sun;
(2) lamination vernalization: the weight ratio by sand: seed=3:1 is carried out, and temperature is 10 ℃, and the time is 30 days;
(3) hormone seed soaking: soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 and sow after 20 hours, sow and add up germination rate after 1 month;
(4) container seedling transition: the Chinese tulip tree seed that will germinate is transplanted in container, and the matrix in described container is mixed by red soil, peat soil, vermiculite and the perlite weight ratio according to 5:3:2:1;
(5) location, land for growing field crops and management;
In described step B, Taiwan is had a smile on one's face the scion pretreatment and is specially:
Get Taiwan germinating branch with a smile, upper cut truncation, lower cut are cut sth. askew; Length is the 5cm left and right, keeps 1～2 full bud, first with plant growth regulator, soaks branch bottom 10min; Take out branch, then with 1%DMSO, soak branch bottom 10min;
In described step C, grafting method is specially: grafting time is chosen at March, adopts the method for cut-grafting, after making scion and the formation layer of stock aliging, with without dripping film, interface tightly being wound around wrapping from bottom to top.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that,
The preparation process of described plant growth regulator is as follows: according to weight portion, get 7 parts of indolebutyric acids, 5 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoates, 3 parts of gibberellin, KT-301 part, 1 part, VB11 part and ascorbic acid, stir and obtain mixture 1, dilution ratio according to 200mg mixture 1:1L water is added water, is mixed with plant growth regulator.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, location, described land for growing field crops and management comprise the steps: container seedling is shifted out, and forward under open-air atmosphere, and spacing in the rows is 20cm, line-spacing 30cm; Water irrigate to adopt high bed furrow irrigation, makes soil moisture content be not less than 55%, and July and August, each sprays the GA3 that 1 concentration is 200ppm.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN104255372A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Y shaping and trimming method of plums |
| CN104904499A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-09-16 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | Method for grafting caryaillinoinensis |
| CN105432280A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县桃花湾果蔬种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method for potting glechoma hedracea |
| CN105815169A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-08-03 | 胡晓敏 | Method for grafting and breeding michelia shiluensis |
| CN106070348A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 广西玉林天地网农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis graft union agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106212058A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of Michelia shiluensis |
| CN106258507A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of canopy wood |
| CN106900354A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-30 | 陆川誉丰家庭农场（普通合伙） | A kind of breeding method of Taiwan lemon |
| CN107896666A (en) * | 2017-10-28 | 2018-04-13 | 蚌埠宏瑞园林有限公司 | A kind of method for planting for improving Magnolia cylindrica survival rate |
| CN108617304A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 广德县东亭乡绘绿苗木种植家庭农场 | The method that sprout tillers is removed after seedling grafting |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104904499A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-09-16 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | Method for grafting caryaillinoinensis |
| CN104255372A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Y shaping and trimming method of plums |
| CN105432280A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县桃花湾果蔬种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method for potting glechoma hedracea |
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| CN106070348A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 广西玉林天地网农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis graft union agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106212058A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of Michelia shiluensis |
| CN106258507A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of canopy wood |
| CN106900354A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-30 | 陆川誉丰家庭农场（普通合伙） | A kind of breeding method of Taiwan lemon |
| CN107896666A (en) * | 2017-10-28 | 2018-04-13 | 蚌埠宏瑞园林有限公司 | A kind of method for planting for improving Magnolia cylindrica survival rate |
| CN108617304A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 广德县东亭乡绘绿苗木种植家庭农场 | The method that sprout tillers is removed after seedling grafting |
| CN108934730A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-07 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method improving mango survival rate |
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