CN106258507A - A kind of propagation by grafiting method of canopy wood - Google Patents
A kind of propagation by grafiting method of canopy wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258507A CN106258507A CN201610614995.XA CN201610614995A CN106258507A CN 106258507 A CN106258507 A CN 106258507A CN 201610614995 A CN201610614995 A CN 201610614995A CN 106258507 A CN106258507 A CN 106258507A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy wood, by graft stock selection, the collection of fringe bar, grafting time, method and managing after grafting stimulation optimization, with two Qiao Yulan and cultivar thereof as stock, the canopy wood well-developed branch of bearing tree body is scion, in January to February, using cut-grafting method to carry out grafting, after grafting, water control pipe reason about 15d, carries out water and fertilizer management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control the most according to a conventional method.It is the most rare that this invention overcomes the canopy existing elite stand of wood, seed is deficient, the seedling-wood breeding technical problems such as germinating to seedling rate is low and propagation by grafiting is difficult, it is provided that a kind of stock abundance, a kind of canopy wood heteroplastic grafting propagation method that graft technology is stable, graft survival rate is high and seedling is fast.Can the seedling of Fast-propagation canopy wood all size, for rescue, protection with efficiently utilize canopy this Precious, Rare, Endangered Drymotaenium miyoshianum (Mak.) Mak. germ plasm resource of wood to provide technical support.There is important research be worth and broad prospect of application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seedling reproduction technique field, particularly relate to the propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy wood.
Background technology
Canopy wood (Manglietiastrum sinicum Law) is subordinate to Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae) Manglietiastrum
(Manglietiastrum) for China distinctive autogenus plant, before originating from 1.4 hundred million years, it is, list the most ancient in Magnoliaceae
One of kind of platymiscium, for the original group in Magnoliaceae terminal flower Drymotaenium miyoshianum (Mak.) Mak. race Magnolieae, to Magnoliaceae categorizing system and Gu
The research such as botany fauna has earth shaking learning value.Canopy wood is evergreen megaphanerophyte, high up to 45m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground up to
1.5m, its trunk is tall and straight logical straight, and tree crown is dense, luxuriantly becomes " canopy " umbrella；Leaf keratin, long round shape obovate or long round shape are oval
Shape, dark green light；Tapel meat, 9-11 sheet, 3 Long Circles of foreign steamer, outside peony, inner face white, long 8-10cm, interior 2
Wheel white, pattern is gorgeous, fragrant greatly；Seed episperm is red.Canopy ebon body, flower, really, blade profile all good, be precious green
Change ornamental tree species.Its heartwood light green, gloss is like tiffany, and texture is straight, and structure is careful, corrosion resistant, pest-resistant, the local masses it be called
" satin Semen phaseoli radiati tree ", the rarest, it is extremely precious commerical tree species.
Owing to canopy wood distribution is narrow, artificial excessively exploitation, the deterioration of the ecological environment and natural renovation difficulty etc. former
Cause, only finds 3 natural canopy wood groups in Xichou, Yunnan method bucket, Maguan Gu Linqing and river mouth, latest survey statistical result, I
State canopy wood wild stocks the most only deposits big plantlet less than 50 strains (the big tree that wherein grows up only has 7 strains), for critically endangered seeds,
Within 1999, it is classified as I grade of Top-rated protected wild plants of country by State Council, the red protection catalogue of World Conservation Union (IUCN)
Critically endangered kind, be referred to as " giant panda in plant ".
Canopy wood Wild ornamental resources is most deficient, just opens every 1-2 and once spend under naturalness, and spray pole
Few, often it is only knot 20-30 fruit, each fruit only has about 10 seeds, therefore mature seed yield is the fewest, simultaneously because it spends virtue
Perfume (or spice), opens and is often eaten gynoecium by lnsect bite, and spontaneous pollination setting percentage is extremely low, affects natural regeneration.Even if additionally there being a small amount of kind
Son is ripe, big because of tree height again, collects seed extremely difficult；In addition seed episperm oil content is high, is difficult to germinate.Therefore canopy wood kind
Suboutput has become its protection and the huge obstacle utilized.Person skilled also explores canopy wood cottage propagation skill both at home and abroad
Art, though there being the report of cutting survival, but does not mentions cuttage survival rate.Owing to cottage propagation nursery needs substantial amounts of kind of bar, and only
Deposit elite stand kind bar resource very limited, cutting seedling production scale critical constraints, cause the current canopy existing seedling of wood the most rare.
Propagation by grafiting can efficiently utilize limited germ plasm resource, is quickly built cutting orchard by big stock grafting, is suitable for scale seeling industry,
It is rare plasm resource protection and the important technology approach of initiative utilization.
The canopy wood not disclosed report of grafting and breeding technology at present, the present invention proposes based under this technical background.
Owing to canopy wood is autogenus seeds, this anvil scarcity of resources.To this end, the stock screening of heteroplastic grafting and engrafting method
Optimization, efficient stable propagation by grafiting technical system set up scientific meaning great.The present invention is with two Qiao Yulan
(M.soulangeana Soul.-Bod.) is graft stock, by stock cultivate with selection, fringe bar collection, grafting time, transfer
The technology essential factor optimization such as management after connecing method and connecing, it is provided that a kind of stock abundance, graft technology is stable, graft survival rate
The canopy wood propagation by grafiting method that high and seedling is fast, can the seedling of Fast-propagation canopy wood all size, for rescue, protection and high
Effect utilizes canopy this Precious, Rare, Endangered Drymotaenium miyoshianum (Mak.) Mak. germ plasm resource of wood to provide technical support, has important research and is worth and before wide application
Scape.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for canopy woody anvil scarcity of resources, heteroplastic grafting affinity is poor, graft survival rate is low, connect
The key technical problems such as rear false work and poor growth, it is provided that a kind of propagation by grafiting method of stability and high efficiency, the method has stock
The features such as affinity is good, graft survival rate is high, growth promoter is healthy and strong.For reaching above-mentioned purpose, present invention employs techniques below
Scheme:
(1) graft stock Tree Species Selection: select two Qiao Yulan (M.soulangeana Soul.-Bod.) and gardening thereof to plant
Training kind is graft stock.
(2) grafting time: select to carry out in the basic dwell time of seedling growth (January-February), select sunny many during grafting
Skies gas.
(3) scion collection: before grafting, gather periphery, canopy wood elite stand middle and upper part robust growth, physically well develop, branch leads to
Directly, axillalry bud is full, give birth to lignifying branch then without pest and disease damage.The branch of excessive growth, thin and delicate branch graft survival rate are low, should not make scion.
Scion acquisition time is preferably early morning and dusk.Fringe bar typically with adopt with.As transported for long-distance, available water suction absorbent cotton or wet
Toilet paper or wet towel wrapping fringe bar base portion, load plastic bag, with bubble chamber moisturizing cooling transport.
(4) engrafting method: use cut-grafting method.Grafting specifically comprises the following steps that
(5) Seedling anvil control water: preparing 3-5d before grafting, Seedling anvil carries out water control pipe reason.
(6) disconnected anvil cuts anvil: from the nursery stock of step (1), growth selection is healthy and strong, and form is logical straight, footpath, the ground above nursery stock of 2.0cm
As stock, cutting off (or sawed-off) at nursery stock root footpath 30-50cm leaving, selection even surface is from otch down flat-cut stock, deeply
Degree 1.0-1.5cm, standby.
(7) cut fringe cutting: select from the scion that step (3) gathers, remove all blades on branch during grafting, use grafting
Cutter is in the side, lower section two of bud respectively in the wedge type bevel of 45 ° of 1.0-1.5cm that splay, and bevel requires smooth；Each scion retains
1-2 bud, by the stock flat-cut mouth of the scion inserting step (6) cut.
(7) wrapping: plastics antistaling film is cut into the binder that width is 1.5-2.0cm, by close to above-mentioned scion and stock
Closure is wrapped up in.
(8) sun-shading rainproof: make sunshade by east-west direction bundle at scion outer layer with materials such as waterproof kraft paper or Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo shell
Rainproof use.
(9) bud picking is except sprouting: in order to ensure moisture and the nutrient supply of scion bud, stock should carry out bud picking in time and except tiller
Work.
(10) tie up and hold up support: after grafting survival, to sprout branch growth fast in scion, should tie up in time and hold up in anvil stake, it is to avoid wind is torn open or touched
Disconnected.Should found rod in time to tie up draw young sprout when young sprout grows more than 10cm, to tie solid under a rod, top bondage young sprout will be slightly
Pine, is grown to preferably not hinder, and releases a rod after interface healing firmly again.
(11) carry out water control pipe reason after grafting in 15d, carry out water and fertilizer management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control the most according to a conventional method.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy wood of the present invention, screening Magnolia two Qiao Yulan and cultivar thereof are made
Stock, has good affinity.
(2) Seedling anvil water control pipe reason 3-5d before grafting, solves the problem that bleeding is too much.
(3) using the material such as waterproof kraft paper or Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo shell to make sun-shading rainproof after grafting, water control pipe reason 15d is left simultaneously
Right.Solve stock and scion is too exposed to the sun and rain drop erosion and cause rotten anvil, split anvil and withered bud problem.
(4) easily grow rudiment on graft stock, erase at any time, it is ensured that the moisture of scion bud and nutrient supply, improve
Graft survival rate.
(5), in the present invention, Magnolia seeds two Qiao Yulan (M.soulangeana Soul.-Bod.) and gardening thereof are chosen
Cultivar is stock, and canopy wood lignifying branch then is scion, uses cut-grafting method in the 1-2 month, uses plastics antistaling film
Bar bondage, and add a cover sun-shading rainproof material, timely bud picking ties up support except sprouting and holding up, and graft survival rate can reach more than 90%, when
Year, height increament was up to more than 1.0m.The method is easy and simple to handle, and grafting efficiency is high, and graft compatibility is strong simultaneously, and interface heals,
Growth is fast.By scale propagation by grafiting, can be China's canopy wood germ plasm resource allopatric protection and efficiently utilize offer technology to prop up
Support, has the most great Research Significance and wide application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that stock is cultivated and selects
Fig. 2 is disconnected anvil, cuts anvil
Fig. 3 is cutting (cut-grafting method)
Fig. 4 is wrapping
Fig. 5 is bagging and sunshade
Fig. 6 is for cutting bag and unpacking
Fig. 7 is that scion is sprouted
Fig. 8 is healing and seedling
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In this.The routine experimentation personnel of described technical field according to above present disclosure and the taken scope of each parameter,
Realize the purpose of the present invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, generally according to normal condition.
Embodiment one: application this method is carried out in Guangzhou, Guangdong Agricultural University Of South China research and teaching base, selects two
Qiao Yulan makees stock, and canopy wood is given birth to lignifying branch then and made scion.It is embodied as step as follows:
(1) graft stock selects: the selectively two Qiao Yulan container seedlings of footpath more than 2.0cm.
(2) grafting time: the sunny cloudy weather in January-February carries out grafting.Before grafting, 5d carries out water control pipe reason.
(3) scion collection and process: gather middle and upper part robust growth on the canopy wood elite stand that base has been introduced a fine variety, axillalry bud is satisfied
Full, give birth to lignifying branch then without pest and disease damage.Long 8-10cm, rugosity 0.5-1.0cm are advisable.
(4) engrafting method: use cut-grafting method.By footpath, the ground above robust growth of 2.0cm, form leads to two straight Qiao Yulan Seedlings
Wood, is cutting off away from the 30-50cm of root footpath, cleans tangent plane, from tangent plane down flat-cut degree of depth 1.0-1.5cm.Take on scion branch
1-2 bud branch section of band, removes blade, with grafting knife in the side, lower section two of bud respectively wedge type in 45 ° of 1.0-1.5cm that splay cut
Face, opens gently by stock otch, the scion cut is inserted in stock flat-cut mouth；Protect with the plastics that width is 1.5-2.0cm
Fresh film bundling band, by airtight to scion and stock parcel, wraps up at scion outer layer with waterproof kraft paper.
(5) managing after grafting: carry out after grafting water control pipe reason about 15d, carry out the most according to a conventional method water and fertilizer management and
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
1. check survival rate: 20-30d after grafting, check graft survival rate.All scion keep fresh, and sprout is full swollen
Sprout greatly or, grafting survival is described.If sprout shrinkage is dried up, non-grafting survival is described, should mend in time and connect.
2. bud picking is except sprouting: stock carries out bud picking in time and except tiller works after grafting.
3. cut bag and unpacking: when grafting the most slightly grows and reached sunshade bag, cut off its top in time, allow new the most raw
Long；When newly the most reaching semi-lignified, release sunshade bag；
4. holding up and tie up support: after releasing sunshade bag, when young sprout grows up to more than 10cm, the most vertical rod is tied up and is drawn young sprout, a rod
Under to tie solid, top bondage young sprout will slightly pine, be grown to preferably not hinder, after interface healing firmly, release a rod again.
5. plastics binder is released: when after the healing firmly of anvil fringe, binder can be released, when unbinding, with sharp cutter from upper
Gently bondage thing is cut off under and, prevent from injuring stock xylem.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limiting, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims, any change on the basis of the claims in the present invention
It it is all protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the propagation by grafiting method of a canopy wood, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) graft stock: select nursery stock ground footpath more than 2.0cm two Qiao Yulan (M.soulangeana Soul.-Bod.) and
Cultivar is graft stock；
(2) grafting weather: sunny cloudy weather should be selected during grafting；
(3) engrafting method: using cut-grafting method, the selectively above robust growth of footpath 2.0cm, form leads to straight Seedling anvil, from root
Cut (saw) at the 30-50cm of footpath to break, clean tangent plane, from tangent plane down flat-cut degree of depth 1.0-1.5cm；Take the band 1-on canopy wood branch
2 bud branch sections, remove blade, with grafting knife in the side, lower section two of bud respectively in the wedge type bevel of 45 ° of 1.0-1.5cm that splay,
Stock otch is opened gently, the scion cut is inserted in stock flat-cut mouth；With the thin plastics wrapping that width is 1.5-2.0cm
Band, by airtight to scion and stock parcel, carries out water-proof sunshade；
(4) managing after grafting: carry out water control pipe reason after grafting, carry out water and fertilizer management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control the most according to a conventional method；
1. checking survival rate: 20-30d after grafting, check graft survival rate, all scion keep fresh, sprout is full expand or
Sprout, grafting survival is described；If sprout shrinkage is dried up, non-grafting survival is described, should mend in time and connect；
2. bud picking removes tiller: carry out in time after grafting stock carrying out bud picking and except tiller works；
3. cut bag and unpacking: when grafting the most slightly grows and reached sunshade bag, cut off sunshade bag top in time, allow new the most raw
Long；When newly the most reaching semi-lignified, release sunshade bag；
4. plastics binder is released: when after the healing firmly of anvil fringe, binder can be released, when unbinding, with sharp cutter from top to bottom
Gently bondage thing is cut off, prevent from injuring stock xylem.
The propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy the most according to claim 1 wood, it is characterised in that: prepare 3-5d before grafting,
Seedling anvil carries out water control pipe reason.
The propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy the most according to claim 1 wood, it is characterised in that: grafting time selects 1
The moon-February is carried out.
The propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy the most according to claim 1 wood, it is characterised in that: the waterproof screening of step (3)
Sun method is to wrap up at scion outer layer with materials such as waterproof kraft paper or Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo shell.
The propagation by grafiting method of a kind of canopy the most according to claim 1 wood, it is characterised in that: 15d after step (4) grafting
Inside carry out water control pipe reason.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112997711A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-22 | 孟庆海 | Method for transporting cutting slips for Chinese rose grafting |
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| CN112997711A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-22 | 孟庆海 | Method for transporting cutting slips for Chinese rose grafting |
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