Background technology
In China, Michelia figo is the familiar fragrant flower plant of liking of everybody since time immemorial, covers its smell aromatic dense of a specified duration but not turbid greasy, and is also splendid natural perfume material, must produce fragrant sesame oil in order to roll, and still can pluck the spices of helping use when its flowers are provided as tea making.Plant in Michelia closely approximately has 50 kinds, its property is more not cold-resistant, therefore mostly intersperse among the torrid zone, subtropics and the temperate zone geographic region ,Er China in Asia, originate in person and nearly more than 30 plant, main product in southern each province such as South Jiangxi, the hillside of Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan one band.Warm, the moistening weather of property happiness, should not be exposed to the sun with a smile, not cold-resistant.The minimum temperature of surviving the winter is with a smile not less than 5 ℃, once temperature lower than 5 ℃, the normal physiological activity of plant will be affected, the absorbing capacity of root can weaken, and can make the spray of plant and blade wilt, Michelia figo is potted plant simultaneously will be with loose, fertile acid ground.
Yulan (formal name used at school: Magnolia denudata), another name yulan magnolia, prestige spring flower, mangnolia, Tiannu Magnolia, Magnoliaceae deciduous tree.Ornamental plants in garden, yulan originates in ,Xian Beijing, Central China each province and on the south the Huanghe valley, all has cultivation.Ancient times is many plants before Ting,Tai, building, pavilion.Now be more common in isolated planting in gardens, factories and miness, scattered planting, or do street tree in road both sides.It is potted plant that miniature gardening is also made in the north.Yulan property happiness light, more cold-resistant, can survive the winter by open country.Like high and dryly, avoid low humidity, easily rotten of planting-site accumulated water.Like fertile, draining good and be with slightly acidic sandy soil, on weakly alkaline soil, also can grow.There is stronger tolerance to cold, can safe overwintering under the condition of-20 ℃.
The not cold-resistant characteristic of Michelia figo makes its planting range be confined to southern each province, cannot pass the winter at the regional open country of the very colds such as the north, is difficult to promote on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of method of Michelia figo grafting yulan, and the method improves the cold tolerance of Michelia figo greatly, increases the planting range of Michelia figo, realizes the plantation of severe cold area Michelia figo.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the method for Michelia figo grafting yulan, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, scion and stock are selected: Michelia figo semi-lignified branch is selected in scion, and rugosity is 5 ~ 10mm; Stock is selected yulan seedling, and trunk rugosity is 10 ~ 15mm;
B, grafting are prepared: Michelia figo semi-lignified branch, by the long scion of 10 ~ 15cm, is retained to 2 ~ 4 blades, remove rest blade;
C, grafting: grafting time is selected the cloudy day in 5 ~ June; Scion is put into 10 ~ 15% aqueous sucrose solutions or the saturated common salt aqueous solution and soak after 8 ~ 12 hours, scion lower end is whittled into the two-sided watchman's wooden clapper shape of 3 ~ 4 centimeter length, two sides alignment, bevel is level and smooth; Stock is blocked from interface, then from Section Central, use and rive, the degree of depth is 4 ~ 5 centimetres; Scion is inserted rapidly to stock, after one side forms layer and a side in stock breach and is close to and aligns, use Polypropylence Sheet colligation interface;
D, managing after grafting: with moisturizing bag by stock top to trapping to trunk without side shoot place, pour into wood chip, tighten, keep wood chip moistening;
After the fringe bud of scion grows, at the plastic sack top of encapsulation scion, cut opening;
Keeping the environmental temperature of grafting is 15 ~ 20 ℃, and humidity is 65 ~ 80%;
Prune in time the twig that stock grows, guarantee that scion is positioned at top.
The Michelia figo branch that described in steps A and step B, Michelia figo branch is semi-lignified.
Moisture retention liquid in described step C is 10 ~ 15% aqueous sucrose solutions or the saturated common salt aqueous solution.
Preferred version of the present invention also comprises:
After step e, grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, after grafting survives one month, remove moisturizing bag.
It is the stock of Michelia figo that the present invention selects yulan, and first because yulan is fleshy root, well developed root system, has guaranteed the survival rate of grafting; Secondly, yulan and Michelia figo belong to Magnoliaceae together, and scion and stock affinity are strong, significantly improve grafting success rate, also accelerate the growth rate of grafting after grafting; Finally, yulan has stronger tolerance to cold, can safe overwintering under the condition of-20 ℃, and the Michelia figo after grafting can be planted in northern frore area, have the ability that open country is passed the winter simultaneously.
In sum, Michelia figo grafting yulan method of the present invention is simple and convenient, survival rate is high, greatly strengthens the tolerance to cold of Michelia figo, realize the North China and Northeast China region plantation of Michelia figo, and successful open country is survived the winter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The method of Michelia figo grafting yulan, comprises the following steps:
A, scion and stock are selected: Michelia figo semi-lignified branch is selected in scion, and rugosity is 5mm; Stock is selected yulan seedling, and trunk rugosity is 10mm;
B, grafting are prepared: grafting time is on May 12nd, 2008, the cloudy day, Michelia figo semi-lignified branch, by the long scion of 10cm, is retained to 2 blades, and remove rest blade;
C, grafting: scion is put into 10% aqueous sucrose solution and soak after 8 hours, scion lower end is whittled into the two-sided watchman's wooden clapper shape of 3 centimeter length, two sides alignment, bevel is level and smooth; Stock is blocked from interface, then from Section Central, use and rive, the degree of depth is 4 centimetres; Scion is inserted rapidly to stock, after making scion lower end simultaneously form layer and a side in stock breach to form layer and be close to and align, use Polypropylence Sheet colligation interface;
D, managing after grafting: with moisturizing bag by stock top to trapping to trunk without side shoot place, pour into wood chip, tighten, keep wood chip moistening;
After the fringe bud of scion grows, at the plastic sack top of encapsulation scion, cut opening;
Keeping the environmental temperature of grafting is 15 ℃, and humidity is 65%;
Prune in time the twig that stock grows, guarantee that scion is positioned at top;
After E, grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, after grafting survives one month, remove moisturizing bag.
The present embodiment grafting 100 strains, after grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, survive 92 strains, survival rate reaches 92%;
In October in the same year, survive the plantation of grafting transplantation with soil Xi'an by 92 strains, nursing in the usual way, and Second Year is observed growing state February, and 3 strains occur that growth lags behind, blade wilting symptom, and the March, all the other 89 strains are all normally bloomed.
Embodiment 2
The method of Michelia figo grafting yulan, comprises the following steps:
A, scion and stock are selected: Michelia figo semi-lignified branch is selected in scion, and rugosity is 8mm; Stock is selected yulan seedling, and trunk rugosity is 12mm;
B, grafting are prepared: grafting time is selected on May 20th, 2009, the cloudy day, Michelia figo semi-lignified branch, by the long scion of 13cm, is retained to 3 blades, and remove rest blade;
C, grafting: scion is put into 15% aqueous sucrose solution and soak after 10 hours, scion lower end is whittled into the two-sided watchman's wooden clapper shape of 3 centimeter length, two sides alignment, bevel is level and smooth; Stock is blocked from interface, then from Section Central, use and rive, the degree of depth is 4 centimetres; Scion is inserted rapidly to stock, after making scion lower end simultaneously form layer and a side in stock breach to form layer and be close to and align, use Polypropylence Sheet colligation interface;
D, managing after grafting: with moisturizing bag by stock top to trapping to trunk without side shoot place, pour into wood chip, tighten, keep wood chip moistening;
After the fringe bud of scion grows, at the plastic sack top of encapsulation scion, cut opening;
Keeping the environmental temperature of grafting is 18 ℃, and humidity is 75%;
Prune in time the twig that stock grows, guarantee that scion is positioned at top;
After E, grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, after grafting survives one month, remove moisturizing bag.
The present embodiment grafting 120 strains, after grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, survive 108 strains, survival rate reaches 90%;
In November in the same year, survive the plantation of grafting transplantation with soil Beijing by 108 strains, nursing in the usual way, and Second Year is observed growing state February, and 5 strains occur that growth lags behind, blade wilting symptom, and 2 strains are dead, and the March, all the other 101 strains are all normally bloomed.
Embodiment 3
The method of Michelia figo grafting yulan, comprises the following steps:
A, scion and stock are selected: Michelia figo semi-lignified branch is selected in scion, and rugosity is 10mm; Stock is selected yulan seedling, and trunk rugosity is 15mm;
B, grafting are prepared: grafting time is selected on June 5th, 2010, the cloudy day, Michelia figo semi-lignified branch, by the long scion of 15cm, is retained to 4 blades, and remove rest blade;
C, grafting: scion is put into the saturated common salt aqueous solution and soak after 12 hours, scion lower end is whittled into the two-sided watchman's wooden clapper shape of 4 centimeter length, two sides alignment, bevel is level and smooth; Stock is blocked from interface, then from Section Central, use and rive, the degree of depth is 5 centimetres; Scion is inserted rapidly to stock, after making scion lower end simultaneously form layer and a side in stock breach to form layer and be close to and align, use Polypropylence Sheet colligation interface;
D, managing after grafting: with moisturizing bag by stock top to trapping to trunk without side shoot place, pour into wood chip, tighten, keep wood chip moistening;
After the fringe bud of scion grows, at the plastic sack top of encapsulation scion, cut opening;
Keeping the environmental temperature of grafting is 20 ℃, and humidity is 80%;
Prune in time the twig that stock grows, guarantee that scion is positioned at top;
After E, grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, after grafting survives one month, remove moisturizing bag.
The present embodiment grafting 150 strains, after grafting 15 days, observe and survive situation, survive 128 strains, survival rate reaches 85.3%;
In November in the same year, survive the plantation of grafting transplantation with soil Shenyang by 108 strains, nursing in the usual way, and Second Year is observed growing state February, and 10 strains occur that growth lags behind, blade wilting symptom, and 5 strains are dead, and the March, all the other 113 strains are all normally bloomed.