CN104798606A - Method for grafting michelia champaca in top grafting manner by using michelia chapensis dandies as parental stocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-scale grafting production method of a woody flower for a garden, particularly relates to a method for grafting michelia champaca in a top grafting manner by using michelia chapensis dandies as parental stocks, and belongs to the technical field of the production of plants for seedling gardens. The method comprises the following step of grafting in spring or autumn by using the michelia chapensis dandies as the parental stocks and using the michelia champaca as scions. The michelia champaca which is a deciduous tree is grated by using the michelia chapensis dandies which are evergreen trees of the magnoliaceae as the parental stocks; the transplanting survival rate is high; the tree vigor recovers quickly. The increments of shoots of grafted nursery stocks can be generally up to 30cm to 40cm in the same year, and the heights of seedlings are up to 80cm to 120cm in the winter of the next year.

Description

A kind of take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock

Technical field

The present invention relates to the scale grafting production method of gardens Woody flower, being specifically related to a kind of take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, belongs to seedling ornamental plant production technical field.

Background technology

Michelia chapensis (Michelia chapensis Dandy) is Magnoliaceae Michelia aiphyllium, originate in Guangdong, like warm and humid weather, optimum growth temperature is 15 ~ 32 DEG C, it was reported that its ability 41 DEG C of high temperature, actual its performance of Wuhan Area show its more than 40 DEG C under hot environment growth perfonnance not good, occur that tree vigo(u)r fails, branch is wilted, the symptoms such as leaf portion is shrivelled.Chrysanthemum yulan, to pernicious gas better resistances such as pernicious gas sulphur dioxide, chlorine, therefore has good using value.

Summary of the invention

At present, Michelia chapensis is applied very wide in Central China, nursery, south China and engineering.For effectively solving this tree kind in the not good difficult problem of Landscape Expression in summer, cost-saving, the invention provides a kind of take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, the method with chrysanthemum yulan for fringe bar carries out high-grafting.

Taking Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, take Michelia chapensis as stock, with chrysanthemum yulan for scion, carries out grafting in spring or autumn.The method time year increment was higher than 1 year raw seedling, and can reach 80 ~ 150cm, girth growth can reach 0.5 ~ 1cm.

Preferably, with the Michelia chapensis of life in 2 ~ 3 years for stock.

Diameter of stock is larger on the impact of land for growing field crops graft survival rate, with the increase of diameter of stock, graft survival rate declines, can be used as stock as seedling more than plant height 50cm, footpath base more than diameter 0.8cm and carry out grafting, when selecting stock, the Michelia chapensis preferably selecting 2-3 raw is stock, and the amount of growth of such grafting can reach optimal effectiveness.

Preferably, with the substantial growth branch of annual chrysanthemum yulan for scion, branch internode is even, eye is full, and rugosity is at 0.6 ~ 0.8cm.

Scion should choose annual substantial growth branch, requires that branch internode is even, eye is full, and rugosity is at about 0.7cm, and green tender and moisture foot, this branch does scion, and survival rate generally all reaches more than 90%.Test finds that scion degree of lignification and graft survival rate are inversely proportional to, and degree of lignification is high, and graft survival rate is low, otherwise then high, and because degree of lignification is low, cellular tissure is tenderer, energetic, easily heals, and therefore survival rate is high.

Grafting time all can carry out in spring or autumn.Spring generally adopts branch cut-grafting, autumn generally adopts simple bud side grafting, result of the test shows, these two kinds of grafting methods have more outstanding survival rate, also different advantages has been shown respectively, the survival rate of branch cut-grafting in spring can reach 90%, and the survival rate of simple bud side grafting in autumn then can ensure more than 95%.Adopt different seasons different grafting methods can obtain higher survival rate, suitable grafting time and method can be selected according to the weather conditions of locality.

Preferably, the spring grafting time is Gregorian calendar mid or late Febuary.

3 ~ April, graft survival rate was extremely low, as long as but the plant strain growth survived is fabulous, and within 1 year, nearly 0.8 meter can be grown, dry thick 1cm, and form multiple branch, form little tree crown.

Preferably, comprise the steps:

1) overhead cut off at 5 ~ 7cm place at stock, put down and cut section, vertically cut in the cortex on otch and be deep to 2.5 ~ 3.5cm;

2) cut by branch disconnected at the reverse side of the bud section of scion branch, 2 ~ 3cm place, bottom of bud bud, otch becomes 30 degree of inclined-planes, then the branch that reverses, and aims at former tangent plane, and prune 2 ~ 3cm, then scion is cut off by 1 ~ 2cm place above bud;

3) insert in stock by scion, the formation layer of scion and stock is at least one in the face of neat, then wraps up with the film strip of wide 2 ~ 3cm.

Preferably, autumn, grafting time was 9 ~ October of the Gregorian calendar.

9 ~ October is the Best Times of grafting in autumn, and the grafting of bag bud sent forth branches in March next year-April, and grafting time can not exceed late October at the latest, and stop if exceeding seedling growth phase late October, interface can not heal completely.

Grafting branch used preferably accomplishes that along with the prolongation of branch resting period, graft survival rate reduces gradually with adopting with connecing.If can not carry out with connecing at once, in order to prevent moisture loss, the branch under adopting being processed in time, first with moistening cotton balls, the clip of branch being wrapped sealing, then be stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserve, but the branch preserved so preferably completed grafting within one week.

Preferably, comprise the steps:

1) straight one side is selected along skin zone and the downward rip cutting of xylem intersection to cut cortex at the belly of stock overhead 7 ~ 10cm;

2) under the bud of scion, splay the bevel at angle at 45 ° in 1 ~ 2cm place, again by smooth for scion one side upset upwards, cortex of pruning from bud point to the tip of bevel, finally turns scion side, bud point upwards, cut disconnected by the inclined-plane that 0.5 ~ 1cm sentences 60 ° above bud point by scion;

3) insert in stock by scion, the formation layer of scion and stock is at least one in the face of neat, then wraps up with the film strip of wide 2 ~ 3cm.

With Magnoliaceae aiphyllium Michelia chapensis for stock grafting deciduous tree chrysanthemum yulan, transplanting survival rate is high, and tree vigo(u)r recovers fast.Grafting nursery stock then shoot length generally can reach 30 ~ 40cm, and the 2nd year winter, height of seedling reached 80 ~ 120cm.

Embodiment

Be described principle of the present invention and feature below, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Spring grafting

Overhead cut off at about 6cm place at stock, flat cut section, on this otch, with grafting knife, in cortex, slightly xylem is vertically or be deep to about 3cm slightly toward interior cutting.Select equal or be slightly less than the scion of stock, branch is cut disconnected at the reverse side of branch bud section, the 3cm place, bottom of bud bud, otch is made to become 30 degree of inclined-planes, then the branch that reverses, aim at former tangent plane, slightly xylem is pruned 2cm, tangent plane must be smooth, then scion is cut off by 2cm place above bud, inserts in stock immediately, the formation layer of the two must align simultaneously, then wraps up with the film strip of wide 3cm.Wrap up from below to up, until stock top otch is encased, wrap tight, not interspace, in order to avoid resin outflow and impact survives, then reversible film head, cover scion top, note exposing bud bud, then be wound around a few circle with film strip, tighten.

Embodiment 2

Grafting in autumn.

Select straight one side to cut cortex at the belly of liftoff about the 8cm of stock or higher position, cutter will along skin zone and the downward rip cutting of xylem intersection, and length is depending on scion length.Select fringe size according to stock size, stock tangent plane and scion tangent plane are coincide, under bud, splay forward the bevel at angle at 45 ° in about 1cm place.Again by smooth for scion one side upset upwards, to prune forward near bud point cortex, requirement bevel is level and smooth, just to forming layer, finally turned fringe side, upwards, above bud point, edge of a knife inclined-plane, about 0.5cm place is that 60 ° of angles are cut disconnected to bud point, by counter for scion insert into the mouth bottom and be seated, do not expose with bevel, do not insert wrinkle scion, slotting broken stock cortex is advisable, tie up with clean plastic foil, first film strip is converted into little bar, a circle is first pricked in centre, then downwards, more upwards bag bud wrapping, scion and stock otch are touched, easily survives.

Namely grafting can be observed the situation of its survival rate after 20 days, if the bud in scion is fresh full, shows that this grafting survives, the blackening if scion is dried up, show not survive, and Ying Song is except film strip reclosing.When lightening restrictions on, with sharp blade plastic film tape scratched gently and remove, also can by the direction of original wrapping, oppositely to remove, stock interface is cut with upper part simultaneously, promote that scion sends New shoot growth, in scion germination process, want in time the bud that stock self sends is erased, with what prevent from sending with scion.Growing period needs to enhance field management, and timely intertill and clean tillage, imposes fertilizer, prevention against water-logging drought resisting, prevents people and animals from destroying, and in general, grafting nursery stock then shoot length generally can reach 30 ~ 40cm, and the 2nd year winter, height of seedling reached 80 ~ 120cm.

Test example

In experimental field grafting 95 strain of Hongshan District, Wuhan, grafting is observed after two weeks and is survived situation, and survive 84 strains, survival rate is to 88.4%.Mid-October in the same year, 84 strains are survived Jiangxia District, grafting transplantation with soil Wuhan, nurse in the usual way, Second Year observes growing state March, and delayed, the blade wilting symptom of growth appears in 7 strains, and 4 strains are dead, and the April, all the other 80 strains are all normally bloomed.

The foregoing is only better embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. be the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock with Michelia chapensis, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:

Take Michelia chapensis as stock, with chrysanthemum yulan for scion, carry out grafting in spring or autumn.

2. according to claim 1 take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, it is characterized in that: with the Michelia chapensis of life in 2 ~ 3 years for stock.

3. according to claim 1 take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, it is characterized in that: with the substantial growth branch of annual chrysanthemum yulan for scion, branch internode is even, eye is full, and rugosity is at 0.6 ~ 0.8cm.

4. take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, when when carrying out grafting spring, adopts branch cut-grafting.

5. according to claim 4 take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

1) overhead cut off at 5 ~ 7cm place at stock, put down and cut section, vertically cut in the cortex on otch and be deep to 2.5 ~ 3.5cm;

2) cut by branch disconnected at the reverse side of the bud section of scion branch, 2 ~ 3cm place, bottom of bud bud, otch becomes 30 degree of inclined-planes, then the branch that reverses, and aims at former tangent plane, and prune 2 ~ 3cm, then scion is cut off by 1 ~ 2cm place above bud;

3) insert in stock by scion, the formation layer of scion and stock is at least one in the face of neat, then wraps up with the film strip of wide 2 ~ 3cm.

6. according to claim 4 take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, it is characterized in that: grafting time is Gregorian calendar mid or late Febuary.

7. take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: when carrying out grafting in the fall, adopts simple bud side grafting.

8. according to claim 7 take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

1) straight one side is selected along skin zone and the downward rip cutting of xylem intersection to cut cortex at the belly of stock overhead 7 ~ 10cm;

2) under the bud of scion, splay the bevel at angle at 45 ° in 1 ~ 2cm place, again by smooth for scion one side upset upwards, cortex of pruning from bud point to the tip of bevel, finally turns scion side, bud point upwards, cut disconnected by the inclined-plane that 0.5 ~ 1cm sentences 60 ° above bud point by scion;

3) insert in stock by scion, the formation layer of scion and stock is at least one in the face of neat, then wraps up with the film strip of wide 2 ~ 3cm.

9. according to claim 7 take Michelia chapensis as the high method connecing chrysanthemum yulan of stock, it is characterized in that: grafting time is 9 ~ October of the Gregorian calendar.